ID: 59118
Title: Characterization of Bacillus and Micrococcus SP Isolated from Coal Mine Soil.
Author: V Rekha, Dhanalakshmi, K Sudha.
Editor: P K Wong, R K Trivedi.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences Vol 15(no. 3), pp. 503-506, 2013
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Mine soil, Bacteria, 16S rRNA Sequence.
Abstract: The coal mining activity is characterized by the generation of large amount of by-products. Due to the anthropogenic activity the environment becomes acidic in nature and loaded with heavy metals. So an attempt was made to isolate the microorganisms that are able to survive under this condition which may be of great interest as bioremediation agents. The aim of this work was to isolate and identify bacteria from soil samples collected from coal mining area in Neyveli Lignite Corporation, India. Morphological features and biochemical characteristics of isolates were studied. Molecular characterization revealed that the strains were phylogenetically closely related to species which belongs to species of genus Bacillus and Micrococcus.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59117
Title: Facile Route to the Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by the Endophytic Fungus Alternaria SP.
Author: Swetha Sunkar, C Valli Nachiyar.
Editor: P K Wong, R K Trivedi.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences Vol 15(no. 3), pp. 495-502, 2013
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Endophytic fungi, Alternaria sp, Extracellular synthesis, Silver nanoparticles, TEM, Antibacterial activity.
Abstract: The research on the techniques employed in the synthesis of nanoparticles is an area of grave importance. Owing to the disadvantages of chemical methods, microbes were looked upon as an effective alternative that paved the way for the "green" facile routes of nanoparticle synthesis. The use of different classes of microbes is currently in vogue but the vast potential of endophytic fungi has not yet been tapped completely. The present investigation aims to synthesize silver nanoparticles from the endophytic fungi Alternaria sp., isolated from Garcinia xanthochymus. This study reports the formation of extracellular silver nanoparticles using the cell free extract, with their size in the range of 24-55 nm that displayed potential antibacterial activity and dye degrading ability. This study emphasizes the advantage of the extracellular synthesis by endophytic fungi that need not require an additional step of isolation and is helpful for downstream processing.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59116
Title: Pezizales of West Bengal, India I. Pyronemataceae: Lamprospora and Miladina.
Author: Prakash Pradhan, Arun Kumar Dutta, Krishnendu Acharya.
Editor: P K Wong, R K Trivedi.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences Vol 15(no. 3), pp. 491-494, 2013
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Psilopezoid, Diversity, Macrofungi, New Record.
Abstract: Two members of the family Pyrenomycetaceae were collected from Lateritic region of West Bengal. Literature survey revealed that Lamprospora carbonicola represent new record for West Bengal and Miladina lecithina represent a new record for India. A detailed macro and microscopic and habitat features of them were presented in this paper.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59115
Title: Extraction of Xylan Degrading Enzyme from Trichoderma Harzianum MTCC 10730.
Author: Palaniappan Ramesh, Rajoo Baskar, Mohan Gaanappriya.
Editor: P K Wong, R K Trivedi.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences Vol 15(no. 3), pp. 487-490, 2013
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Trichoderma, Xylanase, Solid state fermentation, Submerged fermentation, Paper bleaching.
Abstract: Cellulase free xylanase has been isolated from microorganisms and tested for bleaching activity, giving rise to a new approach in biobleaching. In this aspect, the present study aims to check the tolerance of Trichoderma harzianum species, a biologicall controlling agent, in the production of xylanase enzyme. The strains were isolated from the environmental samples taken from pulp and paper industry effluent at Srivari paper boards, Gobi, Tamilnadu, India. The organisms were subjected to growth at various pH conditions. The resistant strain, T-1 to a different pH was further isolated and grown on selective xylan-agar medium. The isolated strain was characterized as Trichoderma harzianum MTCC 10730. Maximum growth of the organism was found at 48 h under submerged condition in medium enriched with xylan. The organism produces an extra cellular xylanase that had a low molecular weight and optimal working temperatures. Enzyme assays were carried out optimizing the pH, temperature and carbon sources for the enzyme production. Further proposed studies include the bleaching activity of the enzyme and comparison of the industrial application with the commercially available enzymes. These trials may also be carried out in paper processing industry and the bleaching sequences may be analyzed for the efficacy of bleaching and pre bleaching.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59114
Title: Screening of Actinomycetes from Rhizosphere of Sugarcane Cultivated in Latur Area (INDIA) and Study of its Antimicrobial Activity.
Author: R N Jadhav.
Editor: P K Wong, R K Trivedi.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences Vol 15(no. 3), pp. 483-486, 2013
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Actinomycetes, Antimicrobial activity, Bio control, Screening, Rhizosphere soil.
Abstract: Actinomycetes are ubiquitous group of bacteria that occur in multiplicity of natural and man made environments. The are predominantly Gram positive bacteria with high G+C % (57-79%). Several species of actinomycetes produce antibiotics of agriculturall and industrial importance. Biocontrol of plant pathogen is an attractive alternative to chemical pesticides which causes environmental pollution and development of resistant strain. Majority of antibiotics so far isolated were produced from Streptomycetes, which are produced by actinomycetes, 42% by fungi and 16% by other bacteria. In the present study screening of actinomycetes from rhizosphere of sugarcane was done by using specific media. Plates were incubated at 28 C for 4-14 days. Ten isolates of actinomycetes were isolated. They were further purified and identified by using several biochemical tests. The antimicrobial activity of isolates of actinomycetes was studied by using agar diffusion (well) method against Bacillus megaterium NCIM2326; Candida albicans NCIM3103; Escheerichia coli NCIM2064; Fusarium oxysporium (soil isolate) and Xanthomonas compestris NCIM2956. It was observed that isolates of actinomycetes ISS06 showed maximum antimicrobial activity against all test organisms. The morphology along with cultural and biochemical tests confirmed that these isolates belonged to genus Streptomyces.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59113
Title: Bioactive Compounds Produced by Endophytic Fungi Isolated from Beach Morning Glory (IPOMOEA PES-CAPRAE LINN.)
Author: V Chaipackdee, S Pornpakkul, P Chokratin.
Editor: P K Wong, R K Trivedi.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences Vol 15(no. 3), pp. 479-482, 2013
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Endophytic fungi, Ipomoea pes-caprae Linn, Bioactive compounds, Biological assays.
Abstract: Endophytic fungi were isolated from leaves, stems, petioles, flowers and seeds of Ipomoea pescaprae Linn, collected from beaches of Thailand. All of selected endophytic fungi were assayed for antimicrobial activity against 5 microorganisms; B.subtilis, S, aureus, E.coli, P.aeruginosa and C. albicans. Crude extract of endophytic fungus isolate Ch109 exhibited highest antimicrobial activity against tested microorganisms. Based on light microscope identification and DNA sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, the fungal isolate Ch109 was identified as Eurotium amstelodami. Isolation of bioactive substances from mycelia of E. amstelodami by column chromatography gave 2 compounds including tetrahydroauroglaucin and flavoglaucin. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), antioxidant activity and anticancer activity of both compounds were assayed.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59112
Title: Incidence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Salmonella in Slum Children of Dhaka City, Bangladesh.
Author: M Firoz Ahmed, Sabita Rezwana Rahman.
Editor: P K Wong, R K Trivedi.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences Vol 15(no. 3), pp. 473-477, 2013
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Salmonella, Dhaka, Antimicrobial susceptibility.
Abstract: The burden of typhoid fever caused by Salmonella typhi in children of shanty town is not well recognized in Bangladesh. However, without such data successful disease control program cannot be achieved. This study investigated on the prevalence of Salmonella spp, in shanty town children of Dhaka city and investigated the extent of antimicrobial resistance of the isolates. Blood sample was collected from the suspected subjects prior to isolation of blood borne Salmonella spp.. Out of the 100 blood samples examined, bacterial growth was found in 57% samples and Salmonella typhi was present in 61% of the positive cases. The highest distribution of the pathogen was found within the age group of 5-<10 years. A higher level of antibiotic resistance was noted for the Salmonella isolates and 77% of them were found to be multidrug resistant. However, the isolates were sensitive to some less commonly used drugs like amikacin, netilmicin etc.. This study suggests regular monitoring of the prevalence and drug resistance of typhoid bacilli among slum community so that the knowledge can act as reference for proper treatment of Salmonella related diseases.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59111
Title: Production and Partial Characterization of B-glucanase from Aspergillus Niger JQ1516491 under submerged and Sollid State Fermentation.
Author: Ahmed A Shindia, Salwa A Khalaf, Marwa A Yassin.
Editor: P K Wong, R K Trivedi.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences Vol 15(no. 3), pp. 459-472, 2013
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Aspergillus niger, 18S-28S rRNA, B-Glucanase, SF, SSF, Biochemical properties.
Abstract: Aspergillus niger was the potent ?-glucanase producer, as observed from the screening profile. Based on morphological and molecular approaches (18S-28S rRNA sequence, flanking the ITS and 5.8S rRNA regions), the isolate was identified as Aspergillus niger with accession number JQ1516491. Under submerged fermentation conditions, the maximum enzyme yield (127.3 U/mg) by A. niger was obtained using 2% CMC, 0.3% yeast extract, 0.1% KH2PO4, 0.05% MgSO4.7H2O, 0.05% KCI. Among the tested ten natural agricultural byproducts, peanut shell cake was the potent substrate for induction of ?-glucanase (178 U/mg) by A. niger under solid state fermentation (SSF). Under SSF conditions, the enzyme yield was increased by about 1.4 folds by supplementation of 0.1% CMC and 0.1% yeast extract to the same salt solution. The enzyme was purified and characterized from the solid cultures of A. niger using peanut as substrate, by salting out, gel-filtration and ion exchange chromatography. Following the chromatographic step, the enzyme activity was increased by 5.4 fold with 42.6% yield. Using SDS-PAGE, the enzyme has molecular weight 55 and 35 kDa. The maximum enzyme activity was measured using 1% ?-glucan in potassium phosphate buffer of pH 6.5-7.0, with relative pH stability at 5.4 to 6.0. Also, the highest enzyme activity was detected by incubation of the reaction mixture at 50?C, with plausible thermal stability at this degree. The enzyme thermal denaturation rate was increased subsequently with the heating temperature, as revealed from the T1/2 values that were 10, 4.7 and 2.7 hr at 50, 60 and 70 ?C, respectively. The enzyme has iso-electric focusing (pI) at pH 6.6-7.4. From the absorption spectra, the enzyme has a distinct peak at 230 nm for the apo-enzyme and other at 300 nm.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59110
Title: Asymtomatic Bacteriuria in Pregnant Women: A Hospital based Study.
Author: Anuj Mathur, Kasturi Mummigatti, Ramesh Ranganathan, Jayadevan Sreedharan, Jayakumary Muttappallymyalil.
Editor: P K Wong, R K Trivedi.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences Vol 15(no. 3), pp. 455-458, 2013
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Urinary tract infection, Asymptomatic bacteriuria, Antenatal, Pregant women, Staphylococcus saprophyticus.
Abstract: To study the incidence of bacteriuria during pregnancy with no presenting symptoms of UTI and to study the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the bacterial isolates. The study was conducted among 411 pregnant women (primi- or multigravida) on their first antenatal checkup visit in GMC hospital, Ajman over a period of one year. A structured questionnaire was administered to collect the demographic and health information from the subjects giving consent. The results of the laboratory investigations (bacteriuria, pus cells and culture sensitivity) were noted from the medical records. Bacteriuria was present in 48 (11.7%) cases, and 10 samples sent for culture sensitivity showed positive growth in 3 samples (30%). Prevalence of culture positivity among patients with no bacteriuria, but showing presence of significant number of pus cells, was 22.2% (18/81). Out of total 91 samples cultured, no growth was isolated from the remaining samples which showed variable sensitivity to different antibiotics. Asymptomatic bacteriuria among pregant women suggests dormant urinary tract infection which might lead to complications such as low birth weight , hypertension and higher fetal mortality rates, if left untreated. It has been suggested that a urine culture should be obtained from all women during antenatal checkup even in the absence of UTI symptoms.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59109
Title: "Honey": Its Importance as a Traditional Medicine for Skin Wound Infections.
Author: Mohd Adnan, Jinal Desai, Nilofer Shaikh, Shyama Mehta.
Editor: P K Wong, R K Trivedi.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences Vol 15(no. 2), pp. 451-455, 2013
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Honey, Skin, Wound, Healing, Antimicrobial activity.
Abstract: The inhibition of antibiotic resistant bacteria by honey has not been fully explored. The hypothesis is that honey can act as a traditional medicine on antibiotic resistant bacteria. This study reviewed the literature with the aim of understanding the effect of various types of honey on diversity of microorganisms which causes skin wound infections and their effectiveness.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59108
Title: Urban Green Spaces and City Sustainability.
Author: Raheleh Rostami, Hasanuddin Lamit, Seyed Meysam Khoshnava, Rasoul Rostami.
Editor: P K Wong, R K Trivedi.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences Vol 15(no. 2), pp. 441-446, 2013
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Urban green spaces, Qualilty of life, Sustainability.
Abstract: Today more than ever cities are characterized by intensified high-level human concentration accompanied by the accumulation of the main human activities such as the economic, cultural, educational and social ones. Rising population and rapid worldwide urbanization has created enormous problems of health and environment and have raised concerns about the sustainability of cities. In this regard, on recreational areas and urban green spaces become important. The quality of green spaces helps to define the identity of towns and cities, which can enhance their attraction for living, working, investment and tourism. And, by affording important socio-economic and psychological needs, enrich human life with meanings and emotions and raise quality of life as key component of sustainability. In this study, one of famous sample of historical Persian Gardens were chosen due to its historical background as first sample of Iranian urban green spaces which are still being used actively by the residents. The issues investigated are functional and emotional dimensions involved in the experience of garden and its importance for people ' s general well-being .
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59107
Title: Biosynthesis of Alkaline Phosphatase by Non-Symbiotic Diazotrophs.
Author: Soma Pal Saha, Anindita Bhattacharya, Sagnika Ghosh, Subhasis Ghosh, Sourav Ghosh, Huma Shaz, Swapan Bhattacharya.
Editor: P K Wong, R K Trivedi.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences Vol 15(no. 2), pp. 411-418, 2013
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Alkaline phosphatase, Azotobacter, Diazotrophs, Phosphate solubilizing bacteria.
Abstract: A large number of diazotrophs organisms have the ability to solubilize the immobilized phosphate. These microorganisms can be used as efficient biofertilizers to supply sufficient amount of nitrogen and phosphorous to the plants. Following enrichment and dilution plating on nitrogen-free Stockdale tricalcium phosphate medium such organisms were isolated from the soil. Among a subsample of 15 isolates, 14 were gram negative and 80% of them were coccoid. An efficient phosphate solubilizing isolate, strain UT01 had been presumptively identified as Azotobacter sp. The cultural condition for optimum biosynthesis of phosphatase by this strain under laboratory conditions was determined. In the said medium with 0.5 % (w/v) phosphate, the strain secreted 16.5 units of enzyme/ml of culture. Medium with lower concentration of phosphate 0.3% (w/v), pH 8.0 and incubation temperature 35 C, appeared as growth promoting and this condition accelerated enzyme secretion by 43%. Furthermore, the strain synthesized phosphatase enzyme, which showed almost same activity at pH ranging from 8.0 to 9.0.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59106
Title: Polymerase Chain Reaction for the Confirmation of Isolated Listeria SPP. from Food Contact Surfaces in the Open Markets in Khonkaen, Thailand.
Author: P Pasuwan, R R Beumer, H Den Besten, B Leenanon.
Editor: P K Wong, R K Trivedi.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences Vol 15(no. 2), pp. 401-410, 2013
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Food contact surfaces, Listeria spp, L monocytogenes, CAMP test, Polymerase Chain Reaction.
Abstract: Swab samples (280) were taken from different kinds of food contact surfaces including stainless steel, tile, polythylene and wooden cutting board from five open markets in Khonkaen, Thailand. Listeria spp, was found from food contact surfaces in three open markets. Most positive samples were isolated from surfaces of stainless steel, wooden cutting board, ceramic tile and polythylene. All suspected colonies were identified using biological tests such as Gram stain, mobility catalase, and CAMP Tests. The weak hemolytic colonies of the CAMP reaction on 5% sheep blood agar defined that 13 out of 70 colonies were identified as L.monocytogenes. Listeria identification tests were performed by 10 Listeria API strips. All weak hemolytic strains were confirmed by PCR. PCR products amplified with 16sRNA primers were sent for sequencing. Results showed that all isolated strains amplified with the general Listeria primer were confirmed as Listeria spp. However, the PCR products bands which were amplified specifically for L. monocytogenes were missing on 1.5% Agarose gel. The PCT results implied that all isolated strains were not L. monocytogenes. Blasting results form EMBL-EBI and Ezbiocloud databases reported that all isolated strains with weak hemolytic results were L, innocua.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59105
Title: Production of Ethanol with Some Starchy Substrates by some Yeast Strains.
Author: B S Anuradha, S Jeevan Chandra, S Ram Reddy.
Editor: P K Wong, R K Trivedi.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences Vol 15(no. 2), pp. 393-400, 2013
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Yeast, Ethanol, Starches, Amylases, Reducing sugars.
Abstract: Investigation on possible use of different starches viz., potato starch, rice starch and corn starch as raw materials for ethanol production with seventeen strains of yeasts revealed that potato starch followed by cassava starch was found to be suitable, because of their easy digestibility by the two commercial enzymes, viz., Biotempase and Amylo 300L employed in the present investigations. Among the different ratios of enzymes investigated, a ratio of 3:7 of the two enzymes was found to yield better results in terms of both release of utilizable sugars and alcohol production. Interestingly, some strains were found to hydrolyze the raw starches, though in small quantities, even in the absensce of externally supplied enzymes. In majority of the cases, good positive correlation between the released reducing sugars and alcohol produced was observed.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59104
Title: Biodegradation of Pulp Waste Effluent from T N P L by Bacillus SP.
Author: V Kamalaveni, V Prabhakaran.
Editor: P K Wong, R K Trivedi.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences Vol 15(no. 2), pp. 385-388, 2013
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Pulp, Total dissolved solids, Bacillus sp.
Abstract: The present investigation is an attempt to address the concern for pulp, waste effluents water of T.N.P.L karur, by using microorganism Bacillus subtilis sp, to assess the biodegradation of the effluents. The pulp waste effluents were collected and their physic chemical; characteristic were studied. Besides, the optimum temperatures for the growth of microorganism were found to be 37 C and optimum pH was found to be 6.5-7. The level of B.O.D and C.O.D was found to be reduced during 25 days of exposure. The present study suggested that using sporulating organisms like Bacillus. The biodegradation of paper mill effluents can be achieved as an eco-friendly novel alternative compared to traditional chemical treatment.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None