ID: 59238
Title: Abiotic Stress on SORGHUM L. Seedlings
Author: Ganesh Iyer, Seema Menon, Monali Jathar.
Editor: Satish A Bhalerao
Year: 2013
Publisher: International Book House Pvt. Ltd.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: International Journal of Environmental Sciences Vol. 2 (no.3), 143-153, 2013
Subject: International Journal of Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Sorghum L,. saline stress, drought stress, flooding stress, CuSO4 stress, PEG-6000.
Abstract: Sorghum L,. is one of the most important crop plants belonging to the family of millet. This crop still remains the principle source of energy, vitamins, minerals and proteins in the poorest regions of the developing country and it also has many medicinal properties. But due to the globally changing climatic conditions have put this crop under several abiotic stresses. However it is found that it has the ability to recover from the stressed conditions. The present study was conducted to see the effect of saline stress, drought stress, flooding stress and stress due to copper sulphate on Sorghum L. seedlings. The study was carried on at the seedling stage. Saline stress and copper sulphate stress was induced by using different concentrations of NaCI and CuSO4 respectively measured in ppm. Drought stress was generated using PEG-6000 in different percentages. While flooding stress was induced by using excess of tap water. Each of the parameters causing stress were quantified in terms of an amino acid, Prolinr and Total protein content which were estimated by Bates method and Folin Lowry ' s method respectively. The stressed Sorghum L. seedlings were allowed to recover from the stressed conditions. Physiological parameters indicating stress were quantified in terms of an amino acid, Proline and Total protein content which were estimated by Bates method and Folin Lowry ' s method respectively. A comparitive study of Proline and Total protein content was analyzed for stress as well as for its recovery. SDS-PAGE electrophoresis was carried out for stress conditions and for its recovery to find out the number of protein bands present in each.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59237
Title: Reducing Uncertainity in Activity Data for Energy Related GHG Emissions from Private Generator Sets: A Case Study of Bangalore City.
Author: Swapna Parvathi, Mallikarjun Rao, Vinod Kumar, Govindhaswamy Umapathy.
Editor: Satish A Bhalerao
Year: 2014
Publisher: International Book House Pvt. Ltd.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: International Journal of Environmental Sciences Vol. 2 (no.3), 130-142, 2014
Subject: International Journal of Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Diesel Generator, Residential, Transport, Fuel consumption.
Abstract: Energy sector contributed 64% of total Indian GHG emissions in 2007. The major components of energy sector emissions are energy transformation, manufacturing industries and construction, transport, residential/commercial, other sectors, and fugitive emissions. Though it is easy to estimate the energy consumption by large point sources and organized sectors such as thermal power and steel plants, it is very difficult to assess the same from dispersed and unorganized sources such as, small and unorganized sectors by type, households, hotels, restaurants etc. This is especially true where diesel, gasoline and kerosene based generator sets that are used to provide electricity in case of grid power outages, failures and breakdowns in residential/commercial sectors and SMEs. Lack of data for this consumption is a gap area that requires further research for proper allocation of fuel sold as road consumption to residential, commercial and SME sectors, and to improve the Indian GHG inventory estimates in the process. The present study addresses this issue through a case study of Bangalore city in Karnataka, India. The study estimates fuel consumption in private diesel/gasoline/kerosene based generator sets in Bangalore city using three different approaches. The results indicate that on an average around 10% diesel and 1% of petrol sold loose at gas stations is diverted towards power backup systems in residential and commercial sectors.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59236
Title: Observations on reproductive performance of Indian mouse deer (Moschiola indica) in captivity.
Author: Swapna Parvathi, Mallikarjun Rao, Vinod Kumar, Govindhaswamy Umapathy.
Editor: R Srinivasan.
Year: 2014
Publisher: Current Science Association, Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Current Science Vol 106(no. 3), pp. 439-441. 2014
Subject: Current Science.
Keywords: Breeding characteristics, captive breeding, mouse deer, post-partum oestrus.
Abstract: The study reports some observations on reproductive biology of mouse deer (Moschiola indica) maintained under the conservation breeding programme at the Nehru Zoological Park, Hyderabad. The conservation breeding programme was initiated with 6 individuals that bred in captivity reaching a total of 36 individuals within a three-year period. A total of 50 oestrus episodes were recorded from 11 females that resulted in 31 births. Females first gave birth at age of 304 days (mean = 318.6 ? 15.3 days, n=5) and had an average gestation period of 154.1 ? 3.7 days. Females showed post-partum oestrus within 6 h of fawning, which resulted in successful mating. The present observations would help in enhancing knowledge on biology and behaviour of the species that can form the basis for its effective management.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59235
Title: IGMIS - a computer-aided information system on Indian Gondwana megaspores.
Author: Nilay Govind, Rajni Tewari, S S K Pillai, Arun Joshi.
Editor: R Srinivasan.
Year: 2014
Publisher: Current Science Association, Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Current Science Vol 106(no. 3), pp. 434-439. 2014
Subject: Current Science.
Keywords: Computer-aided information system, distribution, megaspores, morphotaxonomical characters, photo-documentation.
Abstract: The Indian Gondwana Megaspore Information System (IGMIS) is an information system developed for storage and retrieval of Indian Gondwana megaspore (female reproductive unit of early land plants) records in a selective manner. At present, it provides information on 45 genera and 159 species recorded from Palaeozoic and Mesozoic sediments of India. The use of the database is to store and organize information on Indian Gondwana megaspores accrued over the past 70 years. This information system is a significant step towards ensuring safety and accessibility of the data on the dispersed Indian fossil megaspores, besides providing accessibility for handling the information in future, including new and emerging types of data format. Each record has a unique code number for further reference. Addition, deletion, modificaiton and search facility are provided by this software. Additionally, search can be performed in terms of different morphotaxonomical characteristics (single or combination of characters). The program is useful for a quick and classified megaspore search on datagrid, especially of the published information on fossil megaspores and their horizontal and vertical distribution in India. The program and associated database are capable of computers-aided identification of Indian Gondwana megaspores and help avoid assigning multiple/different genera or species to the same category. Here we report our attempt to digitize and provide an updated knowledge on various aspects of Indian Gondwana megaspores, including their morphotaxonomical characters, distribution and photodocumentation in an information system.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59234
Title: Post-monsoon equilibrium beach profiles and longshore sediment transport rates at Candolim, Miramar and Keri beaches of Goa, India.
Author: Jaya Kumar Seelam, E M Yadhunath, M Jishad, R Gowthaman, C. Rajasekaran, P S Pednekar.
Editor: R Srinivasan.
Year: 2014
Publisher: Current Science Association, Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Current Science Vol 106(no. 3), pp. 408-416. 2014
Subject: Current Science.
Keywords: Equilibrium beach profile, littoral environment, longshore sediment rate, sediment scale parameter, slope parameter.
Abstract: Equilibrium profile is one of the concepts in coastal geomorphology which is a results of the balance of destructive versus constructively forces. Two equilibrium beach profile models. viz. Bruun/Dean ' s two-third power model and modified Bodge exponential model were used to analyse the measured post-monsoon (winter) beach profiles from three beaches in Goa having varying coastal morphology settings. The major factors that affect the equilibrium beach profile. viz. the median grain size (D50) and the profile shape factor m, which are inversely proportional to each other, have been analysed for their application to the study site. Also, the variation of these two parameters with beach slope and grain size is studied. Long-shore sediment transport rates (LSTRs) are estimated at these three beaches from the littoral environmental observations. LSTRs show that during winter months, the net transport is of the order of 10.83 ? 106 m3/year (southerly transport) and 9.02 ?106 m3/year (southerly transport) respectively, at Candolim and Keri branches, whereas it is about 0.62 ? 106 m3/year (northerly transport) at Miramar. This article discusses the methods used and results of measurements of beach morphology, LSTRs, analysis of equilibrium profiles and influence of various parameters related to equilibrium profiles.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59233
Title: Integrated approach for snowmelt run-off estimation using temperature index model, remote sensing and GIS.
Author: S P Aggarwal, Praveen K Thakur, Bhaskar R Nikam, Vaibhav Garg.
Editor: R Srinivasan.
Year: 2014
Publisher: Current Science Association, Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Current Science Vol 106(no. 3), pp. 397-407. 2014
Subject: Current Science.
Keywords: Remote sensing, snowmelt run-off, snow cover area, temperature index model.
Abstract: The snow and glacier melt run-off is one of the most important sources of freshwater for the perennial Himalayan rivers. The water from these rivers sustains billions of people in South Asia, especially during lean season. The study has been done to integrate temporal snow cover area (SCA) and digital elevation model (DEM) derived from satellite remote sensing data with Geographic Information System (GIS) and finally into temperature index-based snowmelt run-off estimation model. The study area for snowmelt run-off estimation is part of head reach sub-basins of Ganga river, i.e. Alakhnanda and Bhagirathi river basins up to Joshimath and Uttarakashi respectively. The temporal SCA (2002-07 for Bhaghirathi river and 2000, 2008 for Alakhnanda river) was derived from remote sensing data and DEM was used to find elevation zones and aspect maps. Snowmelt run-off. The daily hydro meteorological data from India Meteorological Department and Central Water Commission were used for estimating snowmelt. Overall accuracy of SRM for Alakhnanda river in terms of coefficient of correlation (R2) is 0.84 - 0.90 for years 2000 and 2008, and 0.74- 0.84 in Bhaghirathi river for 2002 -2007.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59232
Title: The rise towards excellence of social science in India : a ' Nobel ' confirmation of the value of economics and further implications.
Author: Ion Pohoata, Ionel Bostan, Radu Constantinescu.
Editor: R Srinivasan.
Year: 2014
Publisher: Current Science Association, Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Current Science Vol 106(no. 3), pp. 368-373. 2014
Subject: Current Science.
Keywords: Economics, human, hunger and poverty, logical mathematical analysis, Nobel Prize, Senian approach.
Abstract: In this article we aim to underline a well-recognized side of social science in India, which lately has witnessed a remarkable qualitative evolution, gaining world pre-eminence. We are referring to that component of social sciences called economics, whose exceptional value was recognized at the beginning of the third millenium with a well-deserved Nobel Prize. Of course, if we are to debate on such a theme, we shall have to take a close look at the work of the Indian economist, Amartya Sen, but we will also undertake an analysis of the Indian culture and economic thinking as a whole . We, as European researchers who study what is valuable around the world (according to our specialization), do notice that Indian culture and economic thinking, followed, to a certain extent, the trend of the ' old continent ' (Europe), obviously including Marxism in its different facets. On the other hand, we notice that India never lacked ' great names ' in the area of economic science, especially in the mathematical logic field. The schools of Delhi and Calcutta are some of the most important centres of development of economic thinking, not just for India but for the entire Asia, enjoying the recognition of researchers in the field from Western Europe and USA. Therefore, we considered a brief insight into the evolution of economic thinking in India as appropriate. Finally, we would like underline, as much as possible, the impact of the paradigm change generated by Amartya Sen and his research on freedom, poverty and social choices.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59231
Title: Solar photovoltaic-powered ventilation and cooling system of a greenhouse.
Author: P K Sharma, D V K Samuel.
Editor: R Srinivasan.
Year: 2014
Publisher: Current Science Association, Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Current Science Vol 106(no. 1), pp. 305-309. 2014
Subject: Current Science.
Keywords: Solar photovoltaic-powered ventilation, cooling system of greenhouse.
Abstract: Greenhouse technology is a major break-through in the field of agriculture as it gives higher productivity of crops and flowers and also promotes off-seasonal cultivatio. This technology is important for a developing country like India, whose population is increasing a pressure on land available for cultivation inside a greenhouse, an artifical microclimate is required which may be maintained using a suitable heating or cooling system with humidity control depending upon the climate is hot for greater part of the year, except during the winter.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59230
Title: Land Use Land Cover Dynamics in Rapidly Urbanising Landscape.
Author: T V Ramachandra, H A Bharath, S Vinay.
Editor: Ajay Kumar
Year: 2014
Publisher: Symbiosis Centre for Information Technology (SCIT)
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: SCIT Journal Vol XIII , pp. 01-12. 2014
Subject: An assorted collection of articles in IT & Business, by practicing professionals and students.
Keywords: Belgaum, Land Use, Land Cover, Urbanisation, Urban Sprawl, Landscape Metrics, Remote Sensing, Geoinformatics.
Abstract: Landscape transformations in the rapidly urbanising landscape are the most dynamic process affecting the local ecology and environment. The urbanised landscape do provide to its inhabitants the complex social and economic environment leading to further increase in population. Consequences of the uplanned urbanisation are enhanced pollution levels, lack of adequate infrastructure and basic amenities. This necessitates understanding of spatial patterns of the growth for an effective urban planning . This communication analyses the landscape dynamics of Belgaum City with 5 km buffer using Shannon ' s entropy and explores landscape patterns through spatial metrics applied to the temporal land use data. Remote sensing data accquired at regular intervals through satellite borne sensors enables the synoptic monitoring of urban growth patterns and dynamics of the landscape and quantification of patterns through metrics helps in the understanding of urbanisation process. This communication focuses on the monitoring of land use and land cover dynamics of Belgaum City with a buffer of 5km. Land cover analysis is done through the slope based vegetation indices show a decline of vegetation from 98.8% (1989) to 91.74% (in 2012). Temporal land use analysis reveal that the increase of urban pockets (built up and other paved surfaces) from 0.31% (1989) to 6.74% (2012), the tree cover has decreased from 4.62% (in 1989) to 2.44% (in 2006). Direction wise gradient analysis through spatial metrics and the Shannon entropy highlight an increase of fragmented growth during post 2000 in all directions.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59229
Title: A doyen of Indian botanists: H Y Mohan Ram.
Author: Ramesh Maheshwari, K R Shivanna, R Dore Swamy, K. Shankara Rao, Gita Mathur.
Editor: R Srinivasan.
Year: 2014
Publisher: Current Science Association, Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Current Science Vol 106(no. 2), pp. 305-309. 2014
Subject: Current Science
Keywords: Indian botanists, H Y Mohan Ram.
Abstract: Holenarasipur Yoganarasimham Mohan Ram, fondly referred to as HYM (Figure 1), belongs to the rare category of general botanists that is rapidly becoming extinct. He has completed 83 years. On this occasion, we offer this academic tribute, sauteed with personal anecdotes for transmitting to us his passion for plants in general, and of the flora of Amazon and of Malabar in Kerala, in particular. We briefly summarize his major research contributions on folwer colour, sex expression in flowering plants, and in vitro culture of bamboo and aquatic angiosperms. Additionally, we sum up what each of us has learnt from him over informal meeting when ever he visits Bangalore and reflect on our perceptions of HYM as a general botanist and a humanist.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59228
Title: Screening of soil for assessment of toxicity of heavy metals to organisms.
Author: J K Saha, N Panwar.
Editor: R Srinivasan.
Year: 2014
Publisher: Current Science Association, Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Current Science Vol 106(no. 2), pp. 300-304. 2014
Subject: Current Science
Keywords: Food contamination, heavy metals, microbial activity, screening, phytotoxicity, soil test.
Abstract: Regular use of compost prepared from municipal solid waste is associated with the entry of heavy metals into the soil, which poses considerable risks to different components of the environment. Total metal content does not generally reflect the availability of metals for the expression the environmental risk because of rapid and strong interactions of the metals with different constituents of soil. Hence, the present study was conducted to determine screening levels of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn for a susceptible soil by following a widely recommended soil test procedure involving the extraction of these heavy metals with a dilute calcium chloride solution. Separate sets of pot-culture experiments were carried out for each of these heavy metals in graded dose levels (Cd ar 0.02 - 20 mg kg-1, Cr at 0.4 - 200 mg kg-1, Cu at 1.6 - 800 mg kg-1, Ni at 0.5 - 250 mg kg-1, Pb at 0.4 - 150 mg kg-1 and Zn at 4.6 -1000 mg kg-1) added to an acidic, light-textured alluvial soil. Soil test screening levels were determined through three different approaches, namely, phytotoxicity, food contamination and soil microbial activity diminution. Except Pb, all other heavy metals significantly reduced the above-ground biomass growth of spinach. Activities of soil enzymes were determined through food contamination and soil microbial activity diminution were much lower than those deternined by three different approaches were considered to be protective for all target organisms and were found to be: 0.003 mg kg-1 Cd, 0.052 mg kg-1Cr, 0.637 mg kg-1Cu, 0.022 mg kg-1Ni, 0.008 mg kg-1 Pb and 3.800 mg kg-1Zn.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59227
Title: Transforming to hydrological modelling approach for long-term water resources assessment under climate change scenario - a case study of the Godavari Basin, India.
Author: K H V Durga Rao, V Venkateshwar Rao, V K Dhadwal, J R Sharma, R Jyothsna.
Editor: R Srinivasan.
Year: 2014
Publisher: Current Science Association, Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Current Science Vol 106(no. 2), pp. 293-300. 2014
Subject: Current Science
Keywords: Climate change, hydrological modelling, remote sensing, water resources availability.
Abstract: This communication discusses quantifying basin-scale water wealth by transformation from the presently adapted basin terminal gauge site run-off aggregation to distributed hydrological modelling approach. In this study, an attempt was made to propose modifications to simple monthly water balance model using time-series land use grids derived from the temporal remote sensing satellite data to compute run-off at basin scale. This approach will help in studying run-off and water resources availability with limited meterological parameters. The study was aimed at computing mean annual water resources in the Godavari Basin, India during the last 18 years (1990-91 to 2007-08) using the proposed approach and to compute availability of water resources during extreme wet and dry rainfall conditions in the basin. The land-use grids were integrated with soil textural, digital elevation and command area grids to compute hydrological response unit grids. Groundwater, reservoir flux, domestic and livestock water consumption and industrial water consumptive use were computed using the spatial data and integrated in the model environment to compute run-off. The model was calibrated and validated using observed discharge data at various prominent gauge stations in the basin. Long-term water resources availability in the basin was computed using the developed methodology.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59226
Title: Plant species diversity in unmanaged moist deciduous forest of Northern India.
Author: Mukesh K Gautam, Rajesh K Manhas, Ashutosh K Tripathi.
Editor: R Srinivasan.
Year: 2014
Publisher: Current Science Association, Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Current Science Vol 106(no. 2), pp. 277-287. 2014
Subject: Current Science
Keywords: Diversity, overstorey, protected forest, regeneration, Shorea robusta.
Abstract: The present study examines species recovery and change in community composition four decades after the management plan completely constrained all silvi-cultural activities in Doon Valley (India) moist deciduous sal forests (Shorea robusta). These forests experienced intensive commercial logging for an extended period (> 100 years). To discontinue disintegration and improve the diversity and regeneration, these were declared protective and consequently all silvicultural activities were abandoned. For this, species richness and regeneration were studied in the context of overstorey structure, employing nested quadrat method. Out of 130 species reported in the earliest-most study from these forests, only 68 species were recorded here. Change in community composition has taken place with Mallotus philippensis becoming dominant in one community; this association is new for these forests. Effect of overstorey structure was noticeable, highest species richness and diversity were increasing with a decrease in the tree density and basal area. These forests showed impaired regeneration progression; for all the groups there was a wide gap between the seedlings and saplings conversion to advance stages. Prospects of recovery are fair as several tree species were reported in juvenile stages with adequate density. Results demonstrated that conversion of forests having a long history of exploitation to protected forest is initially good, but for successful recovery, after a restitution time, it is desirable to emulate intermediate disturbance by selective harvesting of old and malformed trees. This will initiate gap-phase regeneration and channelize resources to lower diameter class tree to develop.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59225
Title: Climate footprints in the Late Quaternary - Holocene landforms of Dun Valley, N W Himalaya, India.
Author: Anand K Pandey, Prabha Pandey, Guru Dayal Singh, Navin Juyal.
Editor: R Srinivasan.
Year: 2014
Publisher: Current Science Association, Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Current Science Vol 106(no. 2), pp. 245-253. 2014
Subject: Current Science
Keywords: Climate change, geomorphic landforms and deposits, gradational processes.
Abstract: The Himalayan mountain front is characterized by front parallel longitudinal valleys. The perennial glacial-fed rivers Ganga and Yamuna experience first major gradient loss along the valley floor of Dehra Dun and produce characteristic landforms and deposits by the gradational processes of streams that are often controlled by climat fluctuation. In Dun valley, barring an isolated patch of ~26 and 20-ka-old terrace, no strath terrace older than the Holocene is observed along the Ganga and Yamuna rivers. A large stretch of Dun valley is being filled by piedmont deposits that started aggradation since > 40 ka until the begining of the Holocene and have since been undergoing incision. A similar trend is observed in upper Ganga valley, where multiple Late Quaternary aggradational terraces are observed. We analyse these landforms and associated deposits in the Dun valley to understand the role of Late Quatenary-Holocene climate fluctuations and their effect on associated gradational processes.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59224
Title: Active fault study along foothill zone of Kuman Sub-Himalaya: influence on landscape shaping and drainage evolution.
Author: Javed N Malik, Afroz. A. Shah, Sambit P Naik, Santiswarup Sahoo, Koji Okumura, Nihar R Patra.
Editor: R Srinivasan.
Year: 2014
Publisher: Current Science Association, Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Current Science Vol 106(no. 2), pp. 229-236. 2014
Subject: Current Science
Keywords: Active fault, fold and thrust belt, lateral propogation, river diversion.
Abstract: The Kumaun Sub-Himalaya region is one of the most active regions falling into Seismic Zone V along the Himalaya. The geomorphology and drainage patterns in the area of active faulting and related growing fold provide significant information on the ongoing tectonic activity. The Kaladungi Fault (KF), an imbricated thrust fault of the Himalayan Frontal Thrust system provides an excellent example of forward and lateral propogation of fault and related folding in both directions along the strike of the fault. The KF has displaced the distal part of the Kaladungi fan surface resulting into formation of south-facing active fault scarp with variable heights along the front. In the east, the uplifted fan surface is ~60 m, is comparatively higher in the central part with height of ~200 m and ~80 m high in the west. The variation in heights along the fault is attributed to lateral propagation of fault and associated fold in both direction (i.e. east and west) from the centre. These clearly starting at nucleation in the centre and propagating laterally in an elliptical manner. The northwest and southeast propogation of KF has resulted into diversion of the Dabka and Baur rivers respectively. A marked diversion of the modern Dabka river along its present course from east to west can be traced between Shivlalpur and Karampur towns, covering a distance of about 10-12 km. Similarly, the Baur river is shifted from west to east by about 5-6 km between Kamola and Kaladungi towns. The diversion of Dabka and Baur rivers can well be justified by the existence of the palaeo-wind gaps through which these rivers flowed earlier during the recent past. The gaps are characterized by about 0.5-1.0 km wide incisesd valley extending in NE-SW direction between Kaladungi and Karampur along the frontal zone.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None