Enter records

ID: 60345
Title: Water quality index for groundwater in Chennai, TamilNadu, India
Author: K.Dhanasekar and P. Partheeban.
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: EM INTERNATIONAL
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Pollution Research vol.33 (2), 327-335 (2014)
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Groundwater quality, Karayanchavadi, Physico-chemical parameters, water quality index, Water quality standards.
Abstract: A tremendous increase in the demand for freshwater due to rapid growth of population, urbanization and the accelerated pace of industrialization act as a main driving force for altering local and regional hydrology. It is noted that in Tamil Nadu, there is evidently much dependence on groundwater due to scarce surface water. Overexploitation of groundwater might lead to complex environmental situation. Hence, a thorough investigation of quality parameters is necessary to ensure the potability of water. The objective of the present study is to analyze the various parameters of ground water and to assess the quality of ground water using water quality index for the region of Karayanchavadi in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. The study area has been categorized as Residential, Residential with Part Industry, Residential with Part Crop Cultivation area and Crop Cultivable area. Groundwater samples were collected from each zone for two years duration and analyzed for physico-chemical parameters following standard methods and procedures. The results obtained are compared with WHO standards. The results of the study reveal that most of the parameters in the study area are within the permissible limits. Water Quality Index suggests that water is suitable for domestic purposes.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: APHA, 1998. Standard Methods for Examination of Water and Sewage. American Public Health Association, 17th Edition, Washington, DC. Balakrishnan, T. 2008. Technical Report Series. District Groundwater Brochure for Chennai District, Tamilnadu. 1-3.
Literature cited 2: Boyacioglu, 2007. Development of a Water Quality Index based on a European Classification Scheme. Water SA, 33 (1): 101-106. Dhanasekar, K. and Partheban, P. 2012. Assessment of physico-Chemical Characteristics of Groundwater in Chennai, Nature Environment and Pollution Technology. 11 (4): 705-709.

ID: 60344
Title: Cytogenetic assessment of Pyrethroid on blue rock pigeon.
Author: Soma Bhowmick and Vijay KR. Singh.
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: EM INTERNATIONAL
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Pollution Research vol.33 (2), 323-325 (2014)
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Pyrethroid, Fenvalerate, Comet assay, Columbia livia, Bone marrow.
Abstract: The wide use of pyrethroids possesses an inevitable damage to non-targeted organisms/species. Fenvalerate is one such insecticide, whose increased usage can be indirectly harmful to wildlife. In this study effort has been made to detect chromosomal aberrations and single cell DNA strand break (comet assay), on blue rock pigeon (Columbia livia) induced by fenvalerate. Sublethal doses of fenvalerate for acute (1and 2 day) and chronic (15, 30 and 60 days) exposures were given orally. Bone marrow was collected from femur of blue rock pigeon and DNA damage was studied. Significant damage was observed when compared to control birds, which were treated with groundnut oil only. The present study shows genotoxic effect of fenvalerate on non-targeted organisms.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Amer, S.M. and Aboulela, E.I. 1985. Cytogenetic effect of pesticides.III.Induction of micronuclei in mouse bone narrow by the insecticides cypermethrin and rotenone. J.Mut. Res. 155: 135-142. Agarwal, D.K., L.K.S Chauhan, S.K., Gupta and V. Sundararaman. 1994. Cytogenetic effects of deltamethrin on rat bonemarrow. Mutation Research. 311: 133-8
Literature cited 2: Bhunya, S.P., and Pati, P.C. 1990. Effect of deltamethrin, a synthetic pyrethroid, on the induction of chromosome aberrations, micronuclei and sperm abnormalities in mice. Mutagenesis. 5: 229-232. Celik, A., B. Mazmanci, Y. Camhea, A. Askin and U. Comelekoglu. 2003. Cytogenetic effects lambda-cyhalothrin on wistar rat bone marrow. Mutation Research. 539-91-7.

ID: 60343
Title: Identification of anthropogenic influences on water quality of Kengeri Lake, Bangalore, India.
Author: N.Latha and M. Ramachanddra Mohan
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: EM INTERNATIONAL
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Pollution Research vol.33 (2), 315-322 (2014)
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Eutrophication, Flora, Fauna, Nitrate, Phosphate.
Abstract: Kengeri lake lies on Magadi hill range of Bangalore in India, it has undergone a progressive increase in eutrophication as a direct effect of receiving continuous agricultural and domestic effluents from land drainage and anthropological shifting. The most important parameters affecting the water quality are; TDS, pH, DO, BOD, nitrates and organic phosphates. Values of all these parameters are much more above the WHO standards; due to this the environmental conditions are unsuitable for the flora and fauna. The highest temperature during summer season, pH lies in the alkaline side in summer months. Further other parameters like electrical conductivity, sulphates, total hardness and turbidity values showed an increasing trend. All the above mentioned information revealed that the environmental parameter of Kangeri lake undergo continuous change due to climate change and entry of drainage. Therefore the main objectives of the present work are to study the present status of the lake and the effect
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Abdo, M.H. 2002. Environmental studies on Rosetta branch and some chemical application at the area extends from El-Kanater to Kafr-El-Zyat city.Ph.D. thesis, Fac.of Sci.Ain Shams Univ., Cario, Egypt. Abdo, M.H. 2004. Environmental studies on the river Nile at Damietta branch region, Egypt.J.Egypt Acad.Soc.Environ. Develop., (D-Environmental Studies). 5 (2): 85-104.
Literature cited 2: Akuskar, S.K. and Gaikwad, A.V. 2006. Physicochemical analysis of Manjara dam backwater of Manjara River, Dhanegaon, Maharashtra, India.Ecol.Env. and Cons. 12 (1): 73-74. Ananthan, G., Ganesan, G.M., Sampath Kumar, P., Mathevan Pillai and Kannan, L. 1992. Distribution of trace metals in water, sediments and plankton of the Vellar estuary. Seaweed Research and Utilization Association. 15 (1&2): 69-75.

ID: 60342
Title: Adsorptive removal of colocid blue (CAB) dye from aqueous solutions using a non conventional low cost adsorbent.
Author: V.Sivakumar, M.Asaithambi, N.Gopal and P. Sivakumar.
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: EM INTERNATIONAL
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Pollution Research vol.33 (2), 303-314 (2014)
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Adsorbent, Adsorbate, Isotherm, Kinetics.
Abstract: A low cost adsorbent was synthesized from Martynia annua, L. using phosphoric acid as an activating agent and it was applied for the removal of Colocid Blue FF DC (CAB) dye from aqueous solutions. The BET surface area of the adsorbent was found to be 401.103 m2/g. The adsorption capacity of the carbon was also investigated at different contact times, pH, temperature and initial dye concentrations. The dye removal increased at respective pHzpc density of the carbon. The equilibrium adsorption data were analysed using Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R), Halsey and Harkins-Jura isotherm models. Pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, Elovich and intraparticle diffusion models were applied to test the kinetic data. The process of removal of CAB was better governed by pseudo-second order kinetics with a high correlation coefficient value (0.9921) for an initial concentration of 10 mg/L. The value of thermodynamics parameters such as standard free energy change (?G?), standard enthalpy (?H?), and standard entropy (?S?) were evaluated and it indicates the feasibility and spontaneity of the adsorption process.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Chitour, C.E. 1994. Physicochemistry of the Surfaces.Algerian Office of University Publictions (OPU). Algeria. Crini, G. 2006. Non-conventional low-cost adsorbents for dye removal: a review. Bioresour. Technol. 97: 1061-1085.
Literature cited 2: Haghseresht, F. and Lu, G. 1998. Adsorption characteristics of phenolic compounds onto coal-reject derived adsorbents. Energy Fuels 12: 1100-1107. Hassina Zaghuane-Boudiaf and Mok htar Boutahala.2011. Adsorption of 2, 4, 5-trichlorophenol by organo-montmorillonites from aqueous solutions: kinetics and equilibrium.Chem.Eng.J. 170: 120-126.

ID: 60341
Title: Co-processing of textile dyeing industry ETP sludge in cement industry-A case study.
Author: R.Rajamanickam and S. Nagan
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: EM INTERNATIONAL
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Pollution Research vol.33 (2), 295-302 (2014)
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Textile dyeing industry, ETP sludge, Co-processing, Cement industry.
Abstract: Cement production consumes large amounts of both raw materials and fuel and produces substantial CO2 emissions. The use of alternative fuels and raw materials in cement manufacturing can reduce the amount of fossil fuels and virgin raw materials needed, and thus reduce overall environmental impact of the operations. These alternative materials may be either by-products from other industrial processes, or waste streams such as municipal solid waste, sewage sludge, ETP sludge, discarded tyres and plastics. In the State of Tamil Nadu in India, large number of textile dyeing units are in operation in Tiruppur, Erode, Namakkal and Karur districts. These units generate huge quantity of sludge from the treatment of trade effluent, which is categorized as hazardous waste needs to be disposal properly. M/s. Ultra Tech Cement Limited, Reddipalayam, Ariyalur District carried out a trial run of co-procesing of textile dyeing industry ETP sludge in their cement plant. The trial study reveals that there is no significant variation in the quality of stack emission, ambient air quality, clinker composition, and the physical strength of cement. There is no leaching of heavy metals from the clinker .This also conserves the raw material (lime stone) consumption. Thus co-processing of textile dyeing industry ETP sludge in the cement industry is a sustainable development concept based on the principle of making one industry ' s waste another ' s raw material.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Central Zonal Office, CPCB, Bhopal, 2010-11. ' Report on co-incineration of hazardous waste in cement kilns in central zone, ' 2010-2011. CII, 2012 White Paper on increasing co-processing in Indian Cement Plants, ' June, 2012.
Literature cited 2: CPCB, 2010. ' Guidelines on Co-processing in Cement Power Steel Industry ' February 2010. CPCB, 2010.Pollution Control Acts, Rules and Notifications Issued Thereunder. Pollution Control Law Series: PCLS/02/2010 (Six Edition), June, 2010.

ID: 60340
Title: Air quality modeling and its health impact along the national highway 7 in Tamil Nadu, India.
Author: P.Shiyamala Devi and G. Vimala Rosaline.
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: EM INTERNATIONAL
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Pollution Research vol.33 (2), 285-293 (2014)
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Air pollution, AQI, Regression Modeling, Traffic Volume, Vehicular emissions.
Abstract: Vehicular pollution control deserves top priority as the air pollution load in urban areas experience an increasing trend. Highway expansion from 2 lane to 4 lane was envisaged to reduce the peak traffic jam in the daily traffic volume along the National Highway 7 in Tamil Nadu. One of the main reasons for selecting the Salem-Namkkal stretch of National Highway 7 in Tamil Nadu for this study is because of the emergence of 12numbers of schools, 3 numbers of educational institutions and a hospital adjacent to the study area with no sound proof facilities from exposure to traffic emissions. This study emphasizes on the possible health impacts due to the degradation in air quality. The linear regression model is used for air quality modeling along National Highway 7 and is validated by the observed values of the concentrations of NO2, SO2 and PM10 and NO2 resulted in a hike from Pre projected to Post project, while the SO2 concentration were well within the permissible values.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Air Quality Index (AQI) -A Guide to Air Quality and Your Health. 9 December 2011. Retrieved 8 August 2012. USEPA. Aron, R. and Aron, I.M. 1978. Statistical forecasting models: I. Carbon monoxide concentrations in the Los Angeles basin. Journal of Air Pollution Control Association. 28: 681-684.
Literature cited 2: Aron, R.1984. Models for estimating current and future sulphur dioxide concentrations in Taipei. Bulletin of Geophysics 25: 47-52. Brauer, M., Hoek, G., Van Vliet, P., Meliefste, K., Fischer, P.H. and Wijga, A. 2002. Air Pollution from traffic and the development of respiratory infections and asthmatic and allergic symptoms in children. AM JRespir Crit Care Med 166: 1092-1098.

ID: 60339
Title: Chromium (III) and chromium (VI) in relation to human physiology: A review.
Author: Pankaj Verma, Sharad Chandra Srivastava and Madhu Tripathi.
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: EM INTERNATIONAL
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Pollution Research vol.33 (2), 281-284 (2014)
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Chromium, Industrial discharge, Bioremediation, Toxicity.
Abstract: Chromium is an essential element for human body. It is the present naturally in onions, tomatoes, oysters, whole grains, bran cereals, and potatoes. It controls level of sugar in human body by interacting with insulin. The most common form of chromium is chromium (III) and chromium (VI). When level of chromium exceeds than the permissible or acceptable limit, then it creates adverse effect on human physiology. Out of most common states, chromium (VI) is highly toxic than chromium (III). Now chromium is widely used in leather industry as a tanning agent. During the tanning process some part of chromium salts discharged as such in aquatic environment that create various health hazards in human beings. To overcome the problem of chromium toxicity, various techniques are used but advance processes like bioremediation, nanotechnology, absorption, and adsorption are very useful in reduction of toxic level of chromium.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Alexander, K.T.W., Corning, D.R., Cory, N.J., Donohue, V.J. and Sykes, R.L. 1991. Environmental and safety issues-clean technology and environmental auditing.J.Soc.Leather Technol.Chem. 76 (1): 17-23. ATSDR., 2000.Agency for toxic Substances and Disease Registry 2000. Toxicological Profile for Chromium.www.Im.doe.gov/cercla/documents/rockyflats_docs/?/SW-A-005935.pdf.
Literature cited 2: Baselt and Randall, C. 2008. Disposition of Toxic Drugs and Chemicals in Man (8th ed). Foster City: Biomedical Publications. 305-307. Belay, A.A., 2010. Impacts of Chromium from Tannery Effluent and Evaluation of Alternative Treatment Options.J. of Enviro.Prot, 53-58.

ID: 60338
Title: Biosorption efficiency of Syzgium Cumini (L) Bark for removal of hexavalent Chromium from contaminated waters.
Author: Supriya Singh, Alka Tripathi, SK Srivastava and Ram Prakash.
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: EM INTERNATIONAL
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Pollution Research vol.33 (2), 271-279(2014)
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Biosorption, Syzygium cumini (L) bark, Hexavalent chromium
Abstract: Heavy metals such as chromium, mercury, lead, cadmium, etc., in wastewater are hazardous to the environment because of their toxicity and pollution effects on our ecosystem. Among the different heavy metals, chromium (VI) is a common and very toxic pollutant introduced into natural waters from a variety of industrial wastewaters. The Chromium (VI) discharged from various industries has potential to contaminate drinking water sources and is one of the effective techniques for chromium (VI) removal from wastewater. In the p[resent study, adsorbent has been prepared from Syzgium cumini (L.) bark and studies are carried out of chromium (VI) removal. The parameters investigated in this study are contact time, adsorbent dosage, temperature, variable initial chromium (VI) concentration and pH using Diphenyl carbazide as color developing reagent and taking the absorbance at 540 nm spectrophotometrically. The adsorption process of chromium (VI) is tested with Linear, Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Application of the Langmuir isotherm to the systems yielded maximum adsorption capacity of 31.51 mg/g at the solution pH of 7 having Cr (VI) concentration 50 mg/L biosorbent dose 1g/L. The adsorption of chromium (VI) was found to be maximum 95.63 % at low pH values of 2 Cr (VI) concentration 50 mg/L and biosorbent dose 1g/L. The contact time of 60 min resulted to the 55.28 % adsorption of metal in 50 mg/L solution using adsorbent dose of 1g/L and can be used for removal of chromium (VI) from the polluted water as very low cost biosorbent. The FTIR carried out shows the increase in intensity of adsorption peaks of biosorbent after hexavalent chromium adsorption.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: APHA. Standard Methods for the Examination of Waste and Wastewater, 1995.19th ed., American Public Health Association, Washington, D.C. Ayyanar, M. and Pandurangan, S.B. 2012. Syzgium cumini (L) Skeels: A review of its phytochemical constituents and traditional uses Asian Pac Trop Biomed. 2(3): 240-246.
Literature cited 2: Bai, R.S. and Abraham, E. 2003. Studies on chromium (VI) adsorption-desorption using immobilized fungal biomass. Bioresource Technology 87 (1): 17-26 Bailey, S.E., Olin, T.J., Bricka, R.M. and Adrian, D. 1999. A review of potentially low-cost sorbents for heavy metals. Water Research 33 (11): 2469-2479.

ID: 60337
Title: Assessment of water quality and major threats to Morna reservoir in Western Ghats (M.S.) India.
Author: M.R. Abdar.
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: EM INTERNATIONAL
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Pollution Research vol.33 (2), 266-270 (2014)
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Morna reservoir, Physico-chemical characteristics, Trophic status, Western Ghats, zooplankton.
Abstract: Morna reservoir, a small inland reservoir located in Sangli district Maharashtra state, India is constructed over Morna River in the basin of Krishna. The physico-chemical characteristics, trophic status, planktonic analysis of Morna Reservoir have been studied from April 2007 to March 2009. The nutrients including Silicate (2.5 to 8.25 mgL-1), Sulphates (1.7 to 8.8 mg L-1), nitrates (0.011 to 0.034 mgL-1), Phosphates (0.022 to 0.55 mgL-1), and potassium (3.25 to 5.7 mg L-1) are in sufficient quantities which favored the growth of plankton. The presence of Cyanophyceae, Bacillariophyceae, Euglenophyceae and some species of zooplankton like rotifers, clacocerans, copepods and ostracods were recorded during the study period. The value calculated for the Simpson ' s index of diversity of phytoplankton (0.688) and zooplankton (0.629) indicated a diversity of zooplankton in the reservoir is under category of mesotrophic water body slightly inclined towards eutrophication. Therefore, the conservation and management of this water body is urgently required.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: APHA. 1995. Standard methods for examination of water and wastewater, Nineteenth Edition, Washington D.C. Battis, S.K. 1998. Freshwater zooplankton of India. Oxford and IBH publication co-pvt.Ltd., 1-23.
Literature cited 2: Das, A.K. 2000. Limno-Chemistry of some Andhra Pradesh Reservoirs. J. Inland Fish Soc..India, 32: 37-44. Devaraju, T.M., Venkatesh, M.G. and Singh, S.2005.Studies on physico-chemical parameters of Muddur lake with reference to sustability for aquaculture.Nat.Environ. Poll.Tech, 4: 287-290.

ID: 60336
Title: Matrix overlay for evaluation of drought vulnerability.
Author: Abdol Rassoul Zareiee, Masomeh Haydari and Marjan Talebineya.
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: EM INTERNATIONAL
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Pollution Research vol.33 (2), 259-264 (2014)
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Meteorological Drought, Hydrological Drought, Matrix Overlay, Vulnerability.
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to make a model of the drought vulnerability area using matrix overlay (with emphasis in meteorological and hydrological Drought). Matrix overlay function in ArcGIS developed by IRRFIB model and expert judgment. Vulnerability indicators have different severity of vulnerability classification. The drought Vulnerability indicator maps take into account the meteorological and hydrological that related to drought vulnerability. Each of the vulnerability indicator maps and also final Vulnerability map are classified into 4 Vulnerability classes of drought: mild, moderate, severe and very severe. Result of this paper show that in the plains of Ghareh Aghaj basin the mild and moderate drought Vulnerability area cover mainly surface of the region, mild and moderate drought Vulnerability area covers approximately 37% and 32 % of the regain. Almost the severe drought vulnerability area covers approximately 22 % and very severe drought vulnerability area covers approximately 9% of the regain.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Anukularmphai, A., Shabiruzzaman, and Ullah.E, 1990. Rainfall and Evaporation Analysis of Thailand. Bangkok, Div.of Agricultural and food Engineering, AIT. DEPP. 1996. Flood and Natural Risk Area in Northeast Thailand Project Bangkok.Min.of Science, Technology and Environment.
Literature cited 2: Feiznia, S., Gooya, A.N., Ahmadi, H. and Azarnivand, H. 2001. Investigation on desertification factors in Hossein-Abad Mish Mast plain and a proposal for a regional model. Journal of Biaban. 6: 1-14. Grunblatt, J., Ottichilo, W.K., and R.K. Sinange, 1992: A GIS approach to desertification assessment and mapping Journal of Arid Environments, 23: 81-102.

ID: 60335
Title: Occurrence and distribution of chlorinated pesticide residues in water and fish of el-bahr el-pharony drain, el-menoufia governorate, Egypt.
Author: Hala E. Ghannam, Hossam S. Jahin, Seleem E. Gaber and Abdelrahman S. Talab.
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: EM INTERNATIONAL
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Pollution Research vol.33 (2), 251-257 (2014)
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: El-bahr el-pharaony drain, Organochlorine pesticides, Water, Fish, Gas chromatography.
Abstract: Eighteen chlorinated pesticides residues were determined in water samples and five freshwater fish species collected from El-bahr El-Pharaony drain El-Menoufia Governorate, Egypt during winter 2013. The obtained results revealed that, Endrin, Endrin Aldhayde, Endrin Keton, Endosulfan I, Endosulfan II, Ensulfan sulfate and Methoxychlor were not detected in any of water or fish samples. Residual levels of OHCHs were predominant, followed by ?DDTs and ?cyclodienes. Different stations showed various concentrations of chlorinated pesticides and the first station, which is located at Menouf city, showed lower total pesticides in water samples, while station, which is located at Menouf city, showed lower total pesticides in water samples, while station II (Fisha El-Kobra Village) and station III (Bisha village) showed higher total pesticides. Total concentrations of chlorinated pesticide in water samples ranged from 0.219 to 0.259 ?g/l. Concentrations of chlorinated pesticide in water samples were in the ranges (0.084-0.110), (0.059-0.089) and (0.062-0.076) ?g/l, for OHCHs (?-HCH, ?-HCH, ?HCH, ?-HCH), ?DDTs(p,p ' -DDE,p,p ' -, DDD, p,p ' -DDT) and ?cyclodiens (Aldrin, Dieldrin, Heptachlor, Heptachlor epoxide), respectively. Total concentrations of chlorinated pesticide in fish samples ranged from 2.27 to 6.87 ?g/g wet weight, with highest concentrations recorded in catfish.Concentrations of chlorinated pesticide residues in fish samples were in the ranges (1.09-3.21), (0.48-1.22) and (0.68-2.44) ng/g wet weight, for ? HCHs (?-HCH, ?-HCH, ?HCH,?HCH), ? DDTs (p,p ' -DDE,pp ' -DDD ' p,p ' -DDT ) and ?cyclodiens (Aldrin, dieldrin, Heptachlor epoxide), respectively. The results indicated that, ?HCHs, ?DDTs, Aldrin, Dieldrin were exceeded the permissible limits sets by Canadian water quality guidelines for fresh water.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Abdallah, M.A.M. and Morsy, A.E.F. 2013. Persistent organochlorine pollutants and metals residues in sediment and freshwater fish species cultured in a shallow lagoon, Egypt.Environmental Technology, 1-11. Abdou-Donia, M.A. 1990. Specified devised techniques for detecting fish contaminants.Ph.D. Thesis, Ain Shams University, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo, Egypt.
Literature cited 2: Covacia, A.; Gheorgheb, A; Voorspoelsa, S; Maervoeta, J.; Redekere, E.S.; Blustc, R. and Schepensa, P. 2005. Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers, Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Organochloine Pesticides in Sediment Covers from the Western Scheldt River (Belgium): Analytical Aspects and Depth Profiles. Environ.Int, 31: 367-375. CWQGs, 2005. Canadian water quality guidelines for the protection of agricultural water uses. Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment, Winnipeg, pp. 3.

ID: 60334
Title: Cassava mill effluent toxicity assessment using two Bioassays and Bacterial attributes.
Author: Fawole, O. O., Yekeen, T.A., Ayandele, A.A., Ajayi, T.O., Aina, O.O., Omolaso, O. and Odebunmi, A.
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: EM INTERNATIONAL
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Pollution Research vol.33 (2), 243-250 (2014)
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Cassava, Effluent, Bacteria, Aberrartion, Allium cepa, Rattus novegicus.
Abstract: Impacts of Cassava (Manihot esculenta) mill effluent on the nearby stream and wells as well as its toxic effects of Allium cepa root cells and rat spermatogenesis indices were evaluated. The physico-chemical parameters and microbial attributes of the samples were also analyzed. The physico-chemical characteristics of the cassava effluents conformed to allowable limits except few parameters including cyanide. Macroscopic evaluation revealed that mean root length obtained from 0.25, 1.0, 2.5and 5.0% treated A.cepa were significantly different from the control, the EC 50 and EC 90 obtained from cassava effluent were 0.70, and 0.08 %, respectively. The mitotic indices were not dose dependent but values obtained from 1.0, 2.5 and 5.0 % were less than half of the control. Chromosome fragments, Chromosome bridge, lagged chromosome and distributed spindle were the aberrations observed in Allium cepa assay. Sperm cell count and motility obtained for the treated rate was significantly different (p <0.05) from the control at 2.5, 5.0 and 10 % while significant aberration were observed at all concentrations compared with the control. Most of the bacterial isolates showed multi-drug resistance to commonly used antibiotics which might have serious health implication. Measures are needed to adequately control the release of the effluent into the water body to preserve aquatic life.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Abiona, O.O, Sanni, L and Bamgbose, O. 2005. An evaluation of microbial load, heavy metals and cyanide contents of water sources, effluents and peels from three cassava processing locations. Journal of Food Agriculture and Environment. 3 (1): 207-208. Adakole, J.A. and Annule, P.A. 2003. Biotic macro-invertebrates as indicators of environmental pollution. Journal of Aquatic Sciences. 18 (2): 85-95.
Literature cited 2: Adebayo, O.T. 2004. Effect of sewage effluent on the early development stages of African catfish, Herobranchus bidoralis.J.Anim.Vet Adv. 3: 591-594. Adewoye, S.O. and Lateef, A. 2005. Assessment of Microbial Quality of Clarias gariepinus Exposed to an Industrial Effluent in Nigeria. The Environmentalist. 24: 249-254.

ID: 60333
Title: Characterization of wastewater from the Gara-tie-dye industry in Sierra Leone.
Author: Ronnie A.D. Frazer-Williams
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: EM INTERNATIONAL
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Pollution Research vol.33 (2), 237-242 (2014)
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Gara tie dye industry, High concentrations of solids, COD and Cl, Variable concentration.
Abstract: Wastewater samples collected from four major gara dying centres namely: Brook street, Hansley street, Maraca compound and Fourah Bay field were analyzed according to standard procedures (APHA, 1998). Results revealed high organic matter in terms of COD and chloride contents of effluents from all locations which vary considerably from one location to another Gara-tie-dye wastewaters are highly colored (usually deep mauve/purple and green in colour), and alkaline with a choking (pungent) odour with low levels of heavy metals. Wastewater r having such characteristics (i.e. high dissolve solids, alkalinity, chloride and COD) must be treated before discharge into receiving water bodies to avoid major environmental concerns.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: AEPA (Australian Environmental Protection Authority). 1998. Environmental Guidelines for the textile dyeing and finishing industry, state Government of Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Ahmed, T. 2007. Characterization of textile effluent from selected industries in DEPZ and their treatment by adsorption-filtration process.M.Sc. Thesis, pp 1-132, Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Saver, Dhaka.
Literature cited 2: Al-Kdasi, A., Idris, A., Saed, K. and Teong, C. 2004. Treatment of textile wastewater by advanced oxidation processes-A review. Global Nest the Int J. 6 (3): 221-229. APHA. 1998. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 20th edition. American Public Health Association, Washington, DC.

ID: 60332
Title: Behavioural study on latex treated waste coir fiber in concrete composites.
Author: J.Sahaya Ruben and G. Baskar
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: EM INTERNATIONAL
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Pollution Research vol.33 (1), 233-36(2014)
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Coir Fibre, Composite Marterials, Bonding agent, Mechanical Properties, Sustainable Development.
Abstract: The overall goal of this research is to investigate the behavioural study of natural fibre in concrete structure. The coir fibre recently attracted an interest as a sustainable fibre composite material, due to some specific mechanical property which can be compared to artificial fibre. The Coir fibre is treated using natural latex before using in concrete, so that it is not be affected by moisture content presented in concrete. In this experimental study of 28 days the compressive strength and split tensile strength are carried out using different coir fibre length of 20 mm, 25 mm and 30 mm respectively of different percentage as 0.5 %, 0.75 % and 1 %. Encouragement should be given for the use of natural fibres which are locally available materials, in the field of civil engineering. Also by considering the case of waste disposal, here an attempt is made to study the possibilities of reusing coir fibre that only has various applications but also helps in solving the problem of waste disposal at least to a small extent.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Aggarwal, L.K. 1992. Studies on Cement-Bonded Coir Fibre Boards. Cement & Concrete Composites, 14: 63-69. ElieAwwad, MounirMabsout, Bilal Hamad and HelmiKhatib, 2011. Preliminary studies on the use of Natural fibres in sustainable Concrete, V.G., Thomas Mathew, K., Lakshminarayanan, R. and Thomas, Sabu. 1998. Composite of short coir fibres and natural rubber effect of chemical modification, loading and orientation of fibre.Polymer, 39: 6-7.
Literature cited 2: Geethamma, V.G., Kalaprasad, G., Groeninckx, Gabriel, Sabu Thomas, 2005. Dynamic mechanical behavior of short coir fibre reinforced natural rubber composites. Composites: Part A, 36: 1499-1506. Huang Gu, 2009. Tensible behaviours of the coir fibre and related composites after NaOH treatment. Materials and Design, 30: 3931-3934.

ID: 60331
Title: Energy conservation for heat exchangers based on predictive controllers.
Author: S. Rajasekaran, T. Kannadasan, S.V. Sravanan, M. Varatharaj, L. Suresh, S. Raja and V. Suresh Babu.
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: EM INTERNATIONAL
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Pollution Research vol.33 (1), 229-232(2014)
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Heat exchanger, Predictive control, Ziegler and Nichols.
Abstract: In this paper an algorithm is developed based on model predictive control for controlling the temperature of a shell and tube heat exchanger. Model predictive and PID controllers arte two control algorithm mostly used for controlling the temperature of the heat exchanger. The control parameters of PID controller should be tuned to the process to obtain a satisfactory closed loop process performance and also conserve the energy. The model of the heat exchanger is designed using principles and empirical method. The proposed algorithm is used for controlling a temperature of a shell and tube heat exchanger. The result of proposed controller is compared with conventional PID and model predictive controller. The result shows that PID controller based on dynamic matrix control gives excellent performance.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Nithya, S., Abhay Singh Gour, Sivakumaran, N., Radhakrishnan, T.K. and Anantharaman, N. 2007. Model based Controller design of shell and tube Heat exchanger. International Journal of Sensors & Transducers. 84 (10): 1677-686. Chidabambaram, M. and Malleswara Rao, Y.S.N. 1992. Nonlinear Controllers for a heat exchangers.J.Proc.Cont, 2 (1): 17-21.
Literature cited 2: W.B.Bequette, Process Control Modeling and Simulation, Prentice Hall, 2003. Thal-Larsen, H.1960. Dynamics of heat exchangers and their models.ASME J.Baswic Eng. 489-504.