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ID: 60390
Title: Physico-chemical analysis of surface and subsurface water in Pallikaranai marsh land.
Author: J.Rajaganapathy and Indumathi Nambi.
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: EM INTERNATIONAL
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Pollution Research vol.33 (3), 605-612 (2014)
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Drinking Water, Surface Water, Ground Water, Chloride, Water Standard.
Abstract: In this study, we investigated qualitative analysis of physical and chemical parameters of wetland surface water and surrounding groundwater. The mean values were compared with recommended drinking water standards BIS and WHO. The surface water parameters nitrate and phosphate was determined in six months, metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Mn, and Cr) was analyzed in ten months and other parameters (hardness, alkalinity, BOD, COD, Chloride, sulphate, TDS, TSS and turbidity) was analyzed in one year. Ground water entire parameters were analyzed in six months. A conclusion emerges from these results is that surface water was not suitable for drinking purposes. This study that the surface water was contaminated by domestic sewage and leachate from dump site. The groundwater analysis, G6 point entire parameters were within the standard limit and G1 point was alkalinity, hardness, chloride and TSS slightly above the drinking water standards. Other point ' s some parameters were above the drinking water standard. From water quality index study the groundwater G6 & G1 points were good water quality, other sites were poor water quality, so it is unfit for domestic uses. The possibility of organic compounds was found out in surface and ground water in marsh land. It was extracted by hexane analysed by GC-MS.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Akoteyon, I.S., Omotayo, A.O. and Soladoye, O. and Olaoye, H.O2011. Determination of water quality index and suitability of urban river for municipal water supply in Lagos-Nigeria. European Journal of Scientific Research. 54: 263-271. Ashish Kumar, and Yogendra Bahadur, 2009. Physico-Chemical Studies on the pollution potential of river kosi at Rampur (India). World Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 5: 01-04.
Literature cited 2: Bulut, Y. and Bayasal, Z. 2006. Removal of Pb (II) From wastewater using wheat Bran. Journal of Environmental Management. 4: 78-79. Bureau of Indian, 1983. Standards for water for drinking and other purpose, Bureau of Indian Standard. New Delhi.

ID: 60389
Title: Rainwater harvesting and greywater treatment systems for domestic application in India.
Author: D.Arivukkarasu.
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: EM INTERNATIONAL
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Pollution Research vol.33 (3), 597-603 (2014)
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Rainwater harvesting, Greywater treatment, Sustainable development, Domestic water supply.
Abstract: Water is the most precious asset in this world; water shortage has been recognized as one of the key issues facing many countries. The water demand is still increasing due to population growth and higher standard of living. The use of domestic rainwater harvesting and grey water treatment systems has potential to supply nearly 20 to 30 percent of domestic water in India households. Wastewater is an immense resource which could have significant applications in regions of water scarcity. Greywater has particular advantages in that it is a large source with a low organic content. This study is aims in greywater recycling technologies, applications. It also suggests simple technologies that sand filters have been shown to achieve only a limited treatment of the greywater whereas membranes were reported to provide good removal of the solids. Disinfection of various microorganisms is achieved by chlorination. The best overall performances were observed within the schemes combining different types of treatment to ensure effective treatment of all the fractions. It has been estimated that water savings in the range of 18-29 percent for an average household could be achieved by reusing greywater. Domestic rainwater harvesting and greywater treatment systems can play a very important role in future water management and prospective sustainable living in India.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Antoine Morel 2005 .Greywater treatment on household level in developing countries .Semester Work of Barbara Imhof and JoelleMuhlemann, 1-98. Birdie, G.S. 2000. Water Supply& Sanitary Engineering, Dhanpat Rai and Sons, New Delhi.
Literature cited 2: Erwin Nolde, 2000. Greywater reuse systems for toilet flushing in multi-storeybuildings, ELSEVIER 01/2000, 2-4. Garg, S.K. 2008. Environmental Engineering. Vol I &II, Khanna Publishers, New Delhi.

ID: 60388
Title: Studies on the influence of solid porous support systems (SPSS) on high solid digestion (HSD) of vegetable market waste.
Author: S.Venkatesh and R. Jayashree.
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: EM INTERNATIONAL
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Pollution Research vol.33 (3), 591-596 (2014)
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Anaerobic digestion, High solid digestion, Multiphase digestion, Solid waste management.
Abstract: Solid waste constitutes a major environmental pollution in urban and semi-urban areas of industrially advanced as well as developing countries of the world. Anaerobic digestion of biodegradable solid wastes is being considered as an effective method of both management of solid wastes and as a renewable source of energy in the form of biogas. Anaerobic digestion is the bacterial fermentation of organic wastes in the absence of free oxygen. Since the vegetable waste forms the major portion of organic wastes and generation of biogas seem to be viable waste management option. The present study focuses, on the anaerobic digestion of vegetable waste using high solid digester (HSD) with and without biofilm support media (BSM). Two laboratory scale digesters of each type (volume-1.1 litres) were fabricated using two inch diameter PVC pipe. Each digester unit was divided into two chambers using PVC perforated disc of 6 mm diameter. The digested cowdung slurry (250ml) from the biogas plant was used as inoculums. Initially, during the startup period there was a steady rise in biogas yield in irregular fashion in all the digesters (454-1600 L kg-1 VS/d) from 2nd to 7th week of operation. This increase in gas production rates may be mainly due to favorable temperature and production of CO2 during the initial stages of operation. However the gas yield decreased during the 8th week and steadily increased from 9th week onwards in all the digesters. The digesters from 8th week were fed with 100.8 g fresh weight once in every week throughout the period of study. The digester with BSM performed always better than control digesters. The BSM digesters were found to be statistically significant at 99 % confidence levels.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Bryant, M.P., Wolin, M.J. and R.S. Woife, R.S. 1967. Methanobacillusomlianskii, a symbiotic association of two species bacteria. Arch. Microbiol. 59: 20-31. Mah, R.A. Ward, D.M., Baresi, L., and Glass, T.L. 1977. Biogenesis of methane. Ann.Rev. Microbiol. 31: 309-334.
Literature cited 2: Nagar, B.R. and Tietjan, C. 1978. A status report on the use of biogas technology for increasing fuel and soil productivity.J.Sci.Ind.Res. 37: 445-448 Shasikant, R.M. and Abande, K.U. 1995. Anaerobic digestion of vegetable solid waste as a method of solid waste management.J.IPHE I: 92-99.

ID: 60387
Title: Review of electrocoagulation efficiency for the pollutants removal from water and wastewater.
Author: S.Karpagamoorthy and S. Arunthathi
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: EM INTERNATIONAL
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Pollution Research vol.33 (3), 583-590 (2014)
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Aluminium, Chemical Coagulation, Electrocoagulation, Iron
Abstract: Electrocoagulation (EC) may be a potential answer to environment problems dealing with water reuse and rational waste management. The aim of this research was to assess the feasibility of EC-process for treating water and waste water taking into consideration technical and economical factors. EC-technology claims to offer efficient removal rates for most types of wastewater impurities at low power consumption and without adding any precipitating agents. Chemical coagulation is commonly used in raw water and wastewater treatment plants for the destabilization of pollutants so that they can be removed in the subsequent separation proceses. The most commonly used coagulation chemicals are aluminium and iron metal salts. Electrocoagulation technology has also been proposed for the treatment of raw waters and wastewaters. With this technology, metal cations are produced on the electrodes via electrolysis and these cations form various hydroxides in the water depending on the water pH. In addition to this main reaction, several side reactions, such as hydrogen bubble formation and the reduction of metals on cathodes, also take place in the cell. In this paper, a review of the literature published in from 2008 to 2013 on topics related to electrochemical treatment within water and wastewater was presented .T he review included several sections such as optimization, modeling, various wastewater treatment techniques, analytical and instrumentation, and comparison with other treatment methods.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Abdelwahab, O., Amin, N.K., El-Ashtoukhy, E.Z. 2009. Electrochemical removal of phenol from oil refinery wastewater.J. Hazard.Mater. 163: 711-716. Aoudj, S., Khelifa, A., Drouiche, N., Hecini, M., Hamitouche, H. 2010. Electrocoagulation process applied to wastewater containing dyes from textile industry. Chem.Eng.Process. 49: 1176-1182.
Literature cited 2: Balasubramanian, N., Kojima, T., Srinivasakannan, C. 2009. Arsenic removal through electrocoagulation: Kinetic and statistical modeling.Chem.Eng. J., 155: 76-82. Bazrafshan,E., Mahvi, A.H. Mesdaghinia, A.R. 2008 .Performance evaluation of electro coagulation process for removal of chromium (vi) from synthetic chromium solutions using iron and aluminium electrodes. Turk.J. Eng. Environ. Sci. 32: 59-66.

ID: 60386
Title: A study on advanced treatment methods for treatment of textile industry effluent, Tirupur, India.
Author: D.Arivukkarasu.
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: EM INTERNATIONAL
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Pollution Research vol.33 (3), 577-582 (2014)
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Groundwater pollution, Textile Industries, Treatment methods, Tirupur.
Abstract: In India groundwater is the major source of drinking water for millions of rural and urban families. Groundwater is generally less susceptible to contamination and pollution when compared to surface water bodies. Also, the natural impurities in rainwater, which replenishes groundwater systems, get removed while infiltrating through soil strata. In India, where groundwater is used intensively for irrigation and industrial purposes, a variety of land and water based human activities are causing pollution of this precious resource. Tirupur, Tamilnadu is one of the largest contributors to India ' s textile output and has 5450 units in this business. But this increasing commercialization has an impact on its environment especially on groundwater. It is facing a severe shortage of potable water. The dyeing and bleaching units are pumping out large quantities of effluents, as a result the ground water and water bodies have degraded upto a large extent. In Tirupur 700 dyeing units discharge 100 million litres of untreated effluents every day. As a result, sludge has deposited largely in Noyyal River, a tributary of Cauvery. The Noyyal River has been associated with severe water qualityproblems and the practice of discharging untreated industrial waste into the river course is alarming. The quality of groundwater in Tirupur regions has been deteriorating rapidly during the last decade. In this paper efforts have been made for assessing the quality of groundwater, water samples from the study area were collected and analyzed for physicochemical parameters. Also suggest the prevention of groundwater from textile industries effluents and remedial strategies for sustainable development.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Chitradevi, S. and Sridhar, S.G.D. 2011. Water quality studies of groundwater in the proximity of River Noyyal, Tiruppur, South India. International Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2 (1): 281-289. http://tiruppur.tn.nic.in/default.html
Literature cited 2: IS 201: 1992. Standards for water for textile industry, Bureau of Indian Standards, Bandur Sha Zafar Marg, New Delhi 110 002, 1-48. Manivasakam, N. 1997. Industrial effluents origins, characteristics, effects analysis and treatment, Sakthi Publications, Coimbatore, India, 1-524.

ID: 60385
Title: Role of low cost agro-based adsorbent to treat hospital wastewater.
Author: D. Sivakumar
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: EM INTERNATIONAL
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Pollution Research vol.33 (3), 573-576 (2014)
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Physico-Chemical Parameters, Biological Parameter, Hospital Wastewater, Tamarind kernel Powder.
Abstract: The effectiveness of Tamarind kernel powder, a cheap agro-based adsorbent was evaluated to remove colour, turbidity, BOD, COD, TDS and fecal coliform in hospital wastewaters. Experiments were carried out by adding Tamarind kernel powder to the hospital wastewater at different dosages, different rapid mixing contact time and slow mixing contact time. Maximum removal of 86.1, 83.7, 85.3, 81.3, 90.1, and 85.2 % respectively for colour, turbidity, BOD, COD, TDS and fecal coliform was obtained at an optimum dosage of 40 g/L, an optimum rapid mixing contact time of 16 min. and an optimum slow mixing contact time of 40 min. The results of this study revealed that most of the selected parameters in a treated hospital wastewaters showed within surface water discharge standard acceptable limits. Thus, this study concluded that Tamarind kernel powder is used as good adsorbent for the removal of colour, turbidity, BOD, COD, TDS and fecal coliform in hospital wastewater.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: APHA 2005. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 20th ed., APHA Publication, Washington D.C. Kummerer, K. 2001. Drugs in the environment: emission of drugs, diagnostic aids and disinfectants into wastewater by hospital in relation to other sources a review. Chemosphere. 45 (6-7): 957-969.
Literature cited 2: Kummerer, K. 2003. Significance of antibiotics I nth environment Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 52: 5-7. Loo, K.V. and Liao, P.H. 1990. Treatment of poultry processing wastewater using sequencing batch reactors. Canadian Agriculture Engg. 32 (2): 299-305.

ID: 60384
Title: Application of Nanoparticles in wastewater treatment.
Author: T. Esakkimuthu, D. Sivakumar and S. Akila.
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: EM INTERNATIONAL
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Pollution Research vol.33 (3), 567-571 (2014)
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Nanoparticles, Water Pollution, Wastewater Pollution.
Abstract: Nanotechnology is a branch of study, which deals with the molecular level re-arrangement of atoms. This is becoming the active and advanced topic nowadays. Particles whose size lower than 100 nanometer are involved. Although the particles which have size lesser than 100 nm are considered as nanoparticles, nowadays, people use the word nano for tiny particles. The word nano is used in more areas in modern world, e.g., Tata nano car. Nanotechnology has its own applications in many branches of science and engineering such as medicine, biotechnology, food and beverages, aerospace, chemical, construction, environmental, consumer goods such as fabrics, textiles, sports, cosmetics, military, fire protection etc. In particular, the application of nanotechnology in the field of environmental engineering such as water treatment is wider. Various environmental problems can be addressed and future problems can be averted by using the various concepts in nanotechnology. Many researches are going on in the field of nanotechnology for solving different environmental problems such as water, and wastewater pollution. This paper mainly focuses on the various types of nanomaterias in the field of waste water treatment and along with the future prospective.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Babak Kakavandi, Ahmad Jonidi, Jafari, Roshanak Rezaei, Kalantary, SiminNasseri, Ahmad Ameri, and Ali Esrafily 2013. Synthesis and properties of Fe3O4activated carbon magnetic nanaoparticles for removal of aniline from aqueous solution: equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic studies. Iranian Journal of Environmental Health Science & Engineering, 10-19. Bogumila Reidy, Andrea Haase, Andreas Luch, Kenneth, A. Dawson and Iseult Lynch 2013. Mechanisms of silver nanoparticle release, transformation and toxicity: a critical review of current knowledge and recommendations for future studies and applications materials. 6 : 2295-2350.
Literature cited 2: Dhermendra K. Tiwari, Behari, J. and Prasenjit Sen. 2008. Application of Nanoparticles in Waste Water Treatment World Applied Sciences Journal 3 (3): 417-433. Huifeng Qian, Lori A. Pretzer, Juan C. Velazquez, Zhun Zhao, Michael S. Won 2013. Gold nanoparticles for cleaning contaminated water. Journal of Chemical, 735-741.

ID: 60383
Title: Enumerating the efficacy of natural coagulants in water treatment.
Author: C.Nirmala Rani, Rajashekar Talikott and S.R. Kannan.
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: EM INTERNATIONAL
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Pollution Research vol.33 (3), 559-566 (2014)
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Coagulation, Turbidity, Cactus opunita, Strychnos potatorum, Moringa oleifera
Abstract: Coagulation is an essential process in the treatment of both turbid surface and industrial waste waters normally precedes the more complex secondary and tertiary water treatment processes. A review of biomass coagulant obtained from natural sources, processes, effectiveness and their relevant coagulant mechanisms for treatment of turbid water I presented. These coagulants are used as Point-of-Use technology in underdeveloped communities since they are relatively cost effective and available in abundant compared to chemical coagulants and can be easily processed and biodegradable. These natural coagulants, when they are used for treatment of waters with turbidity range 50-500 NTU are comparable to chemical coagulants in terms of treatment efficiency. The mechanisms for turbidity removal by these coagulants are adsorption followed by charge neutralization or polymeric bridging effect. The frequently studied coagulnats are seeds of Moringa oleifera and Strychnos potatorum, pads and fruits of Cactus Opunita, Okra Gum, and mucilage extracted from the fruits of Coccinia indica etc. Once optimized, utilization of natural coagulants as they are renewable sources will definitely create important progress n sustainable environmental technology as it will improve the quality of life for the developing countries.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Adinolfi, M., Corsaro, M.M, Lanzetta, R., Parrilli, M., Folkard Grant Sutherland, J. 1994. Composition of the coagulant polysaccharides fraction from Strychnos Potatorum seeds. Carbohydrate Research. 263: 103-10. Ali, G.E.I. Taweel, G., Ali, M.A. 2004. The cytotoxicity and antimicrtobial efficiency of Moringa Oleifera seeds extracts.Int. J. Environ. Stud. 61 (6): 699-708.
Literature cited 2: Anhwange, B.A. Ajibola, V.O., Oniye, S.J. 2004. Chemical studies of the seeds of Moringa oleifera (Lam) and Detariummicrocarpumn (Guill and Sperr). J. Biological Sci, 4: 711-715. Babu, R., Chaudhari, M. 2005. Home water treatment by direct filtration with natural coagulant.J.Water Health. 3: 27-30.

ID: 60382
Title: Bioremediation studies on reduction of heavy metals toxicity.
Author: D. Sivakumar, A.N. Kandaswamy, V. Gomathi, R. Rajeshwaran and N. Murugan.
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: EM INTERNATIONAL
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Pollution Research vol.33 (3), 553-558 (2014)
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Nanoparticlses, Water Pollution, Wastewater Pollution.
Abstract: Heavy metals contamination of soil-water-plant ecosystems are one of the most important environmental and health problems throughout the world. Earlier, the ability of heavy metals to accumulate and cause toxicity in biological system, viz, human, animals, microorganisms and plants have been reported by various research workers. Recent approaches to increasing remediation of heavy metals include adsorption (dead microbial and renewable agricultural biomass), phytoaccumulation (plants) dendroremediation (growing trees in polluted soils), biostimulation, (stimulating living microbial population) rhizoremediation (plant and microbe), mycoremediation (stimulating living fungi/mycelia ultra-filtration), cyanoremediation (stimulating algal mass for remediation) and genoremediation (stimulating gene for remediation process). The adequate protection and restoration of the soil-water-plant ecosystems, therefore, require multipronged approaches for the conservation of the environment including recent biotechnological advances along with treasures of traditional wisdom to scientists unravel the mystery of nature in the emerging field of bioremediation in order to conserve the quality of the environment. This review provides better understanding of the problems associated with the toxicity o heavy metals to the biological systems including human beings, the recent biotechnological approaches being employed to minimize the health hazards through the detoxification mechanisms of heavy metals in the biological systems; and the challenges involved in adopting the new initiatives.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Batayneh, A.T. 2012. Toxic (aluminium, beryllium, boron, chromium and zinc) in groundwater: health risk assessment.Int J Environ Sci Technol 9: 153-162. Chauhan, A., Jain, R.K. 2010. Biodegradation: gaining insight through proteomics. Biodegradation 21: 861-879.
Literature cited 2: Deng, L., Su, Y., Su, H., Wang, X., Zhu, X. 2007. Sorption and desorption of lead (II) from wastewater by green algae Cladophora fascicularis.J.Hazard Mater 143 (1-2): 220-225. Gupta, R. Mahapatra, H. 2003. Microbial biomass: An economical alternative for removal of heavy metals from wastewater. Indian J Exp Biol 41: 945-966.

ID: 60381
Title: Role of electro-dialysis and electro-dialysis cum adsorption for chromium (VI) reduction.
Author: D.Sivakumar, D. Shankar, A.N. Kandaswamy and M. Ammaiappan
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: EM INTERNATIONAL
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Pollution Research vol.33 (3), 547-552 (2014)
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Electro-dialysis, Sugarcane Baggase, Tannery Industry Wastewater, Process Parameters.
Abstract: In the present study, chromium (VI) was removed using the method called electro-dialysis, and electro-dialysis cum adsorption methods. The experimental investigations have been carried out by using electro-dialysis and electro-dialysis cum adsorption methods for different temperatures and different agitation speeds against different pH. The study compared the results of wastewater treated with electro dialysis method with electro-dialysis cum adsorption method. The validation tests proved that the selected method is having reproducing capacity for removing Cr (VI) from any type of Cr (VI) contaminated wastewater. Finally, this study concluded that the maximum removal of chromium (VI) from tannery industrial wastewater was found with the combination of electro dialysis cum adsorption method than electro-dialysis method alone.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: APPA, 2005. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater, 20th edition, APHA Publication, Washington D.C. Hansen, H.K., Nunez, P., D., Schippacase, I. and Grandon, R. 2007. Electrocoagulation in wastewater containing arsenic: Comparing different process designs. Electrochimica Acta. 52: 3464-3470.
Literature cited 2: Hoda, R.G. 2010. Treatment and reuse of wastewater in the textile industry by means of coagulation and adsorption techniques. Journal of App.Sci.Res. 6 (8): 964-972. Karaca, S., Gurses, A., Acikildiz, M. and Ejder, M. 2008 .Adsorption of cationic dye from aqueous solutions by activated carbon.Microporous Materials. 115: 376-382.

ID: 60380
Title: Suitability of groundwater around Pallavaram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu.
Author: D.Sivakumar, M. Thiruvengadam, R. Anand and M. Ponpandian.
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: EM INTERNATIONAL
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Pollution Research vol.33 (3), 541-546 (2014)
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Physico-Chemical Parameters, Tannery Industy Effluent, Water Quality Index
Abstract: The ground water quality was assessed nearby of Pallavaram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. The selected physico-chemical parameters were pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), total hardness (TH), calcium (Ca) magnesium (Mg), sodium (NA), chloride (CL), nitrate (NO3), sulphate (SO4) and chromium ion (Cr (VI). In order to find out the suitability of the groundwater for drinking purpose, compared the value of selected parameters with the value of selected parameters from BIS drinking water quality standard. The physico-chemical study of the groundwater systems of selected in and around Pallavaram industrial estate showed that groundwater is nearly acidic and mostly oxidizing in nature. Further, the water quality index (WQI) rating was obtained to quantify the overall groundwater quality status of the area. The results indicated that the groundwater is not fit for drinking purpose, and can be used for drinking purpose after treatment.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: APHA, 2005. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. APHA-AWWA-WPCF, Washington D.C. Adekunle, A.S. 2009. Effects of Industrial Effluent on Quality of Well Water within Asa Dam Industrial Estate, Ilorin, Nigeria. Nature and Science 7 (1): 39-43.
Literature cited 2: Gupta, D.P., Sunita and Saharan, J.P. 2009. Physiochemical analysis of groundwater of selected area of Kaithal City (Haryana) India. Researcher. 1 (2): 1-5. Jinwal, A, and Dixit, S. 2008. Pre and post monsoon variation in physio-chemical characteristics in groundwater quality n Bhopal, India. Asian J. Exp. Sci. 22 (3): 311-316.

ID: 60379
Title: Solvent extraction; utilization of quaternary Ammonium salt as a perfect extractant for CR (VI) present in leather tannery effluent.
Author: K.S. Yoganand and S. Raju.
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: EM INTERNATIONAL
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Pollution Research vol.33 (3), 537-540 (2014)
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Ammonium Salt, Leather Tannery Effluent, Solvent Extraction.
Abstract: Water resources are contaminated with numerous polluting agents in that Cr (VI) is one of the main toxic metals which are dislodged from leather tanning and chrome plating industries. It is determined by UV-Visible spectrometry with the help of 1, 5 diphenylcarbazide in aqueous solutions at 540 nm. In the case of solvent part, it is confirmed with the signal at 344 nm by performing blank reaction. The Cr (VI) can be eliminated by using quaternary ammonium salt, which acts as coordinating agent. The solvent extraction parameters are thoroughly varied and the suitable concentration of the parameters has been evaluated for the effluent treatment.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Arun, K., Shankera, T., Carlos Cervantesb, Herminia Loza- Taverac and Avudainayagamd, S. 2005. Chromium toxicity in plants.Env.Intl. 31: 739-753. Asim Das, K. Micellar effect on the kinetics and mechanism of chromium (VI) oxidation of organic substrates. 2004. Coord. Chem. Reviews. 248: 81-99.
Literature cited 2: Avijit Bhowal and Siddhartha Datta.2001. Studies on transport mechanism of Cr (VI) extraction from an acidic solution using liquid surfactant membranes.Jour.Mem.Sci. 181: 1-8. Cohen, M.D., Kargacin, B., Klein, C.B. and Costa, M. 1993. Mechanism of chromium carcinogenicity: Review of the literature from 1985 to 2000. Hum.Exp.Tox. 20 (9): 439-451.

ID: 60378
Title: Bioaccumulation study by Lemina gibba lin.
Author: D.Sivakumar, D. Shankar, P.Dhivya, and K. Balasubramanian.
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: EM INTERNATIONAL
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Pollution Research vol.33 (3), 531-536 (2014)
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Aquatic Macrophytes, Process Parameters, Physico-Chemical Parameters, Textile Industry Effluent.
Abstract: Textile industry processes are among the most environmentally unfriendly industrial processes; because they produce colour effluent that is heavily pollute the environment. Therefore, effluent from textile industry has to be treated before being discharged in to the environment. In this study, experiments were performed to remove the EC, sulphates and COD from the textile industrial effluent in constructed wetlands by using aquatic Macrophytes Lemna gibba L The experiments were conducted by different process parameters like nutrient dosage, dilution ratio, pH and contact time using Lemna gibba L. to reduce EC, sulphates and COD in a textile industry effluent. From the experiments it was found that maximum percentage reduction o various parameters in a textile industry wastewater by Leman gibba L were obtained at an optimum nutrient dosage of 50 g, dilution ratio of 10, pH of 7 and contact time of 6 days. Similarly, the validation experiment is lesser than the maximum removal of sulphate in an aqueous solution. Finally this study concluded that Lemna gibba L. might be used as absorbents for removing various parameters in a textile industry effluent.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: APPA., 2005. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 20th ed., APHA Publication, Washington D.C. Bisschops, I. and Spanjers, H. 2003. Literature review on textile wastewater characterization. Environment Technology, 24, 1399-1411.
Literature cited 2: Demirezen D. and Aksoy, A. 2004. Accumulation of heavy metals in typhaangustifolia (L) and potamogetonpectinatus (L) living in Sultan Marsh (Kayseri, Turkey). Chemosphere, 56: 685-696. Guendy, H.R. 2010. Treatment and reuse of wastewater in the textile industry by means of coagulation and adsorption techniques. Journal of App. Sci.Res. 6 (8): 964-972.

ID: 60377
Title: Reduction of contaminants from leachate using Moringa oleifera-A kinetic study.
Author: D.Sivakumar, D. Shankar, S. Nithya and J. Rajaganapathy.
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: EM INTERNATIONAL
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Pollution Research vol.33 (3), 525-529 (2014)
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: BOD, Leachate, Kinetic Models Municipal Solid Waste.
Abstract: The BOD from municipal solid waste leachate using Moringa oleifera seed as a coagulant was studied by batch method. The effect of initial concentration of Moringa oleifera coagulant for removing BOD from leachate has been evaluated. The kinetic data were fitted to the pseudo first-order, pseudo second-order, Elovich and intraparticle diffusion models. Based on regression coefficient, the equilibrium data found fitted well with pseudo second-order kinetic model than that of other models. The results of the present study indicated that the adsorption capacity of Moringa oleifera seed coagulant for removing BOD in municipal solid waste leachate increased upto 100 mg/L beyond which the adsorption capacity got reduced.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: APPA. 2005. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 20th ed., APHA Publication, Washington D.C. Aravind, K. Singh and Prem, N. Tiwari, 2003. Removal of basic dye from industrial waste water. Ind.J.Chem.Tech., 10: 211-216.
Literature cited 2: Babel, S. and Kurniawan, T.A. 2003. Low-cost adsorbents for heavy metals uptake from contaminated water: a review, J.Hazard.Mater, B. 97: 219-243. Broin, M., Santaella, C., Cuine, S., Kokou, K., Peltier, G., and Joel, T. 2002. Flocculentactivity of a recombinant protein from Moringa oleifera lams.seed. Appl.Microbiol.Biotechno. 60: 114-119.

ID: 60376
Title: Effect of Tamarind kernel powder for treating dairy industry wastewater.
Author: D.Sivakumar, V. Balasundaram, G. Venkatesan and S.P. Saravanan.
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: EM INTERNATIONAL
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Pollution Research vol.33 (3), 519-523 (2014)
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Physico-Chemical Parameters, Dairy Industry Wastewater, Tamarind kernel Powder.
Abstract: The effectiveness of tamarind kernel powder, a cheap agro-based product, as a coagulant was evaluated to remove COD, TDS, BOD, TS, Turbidity and sulphate present in a dairy industry wastewater. Experiments were carried out by adding Tamarind kernel powder to the dairy industry wastewater at different dosages, different rapid mixing contact time and slow mixing contact time. Maximum removal o 87.8 %, 91.5 %, 85.72 %, 89.30 %, 82.46 % and 84.2 % respectively for COD, TDS, BOD, TS, turbidity and sulphate was obtained at an optimum dosage of 70 mg/L, maximum removal of 82.8% , 87.7 %, 81.74 %, 86 .57 %, 80.11 % and 85.04 % respectively for COD, TDS, BOD, TS, turbidity and sulphate was obtained at an optimum rapid mixing contact time of 10 min .and 84.6 %, 89.4 %, 83.20 %, 86.78 %, 82.11 % and 87.04 % respectively for COD, TDS, BOD, TS, turbidity and sulphate was obtained at an optimum slow mixing contact time of 30 min. The results indicated that the use of Tamarind kernel powder, as a coagulant to remove COD, TDS, BOD, TS, turbidity and sulphate present in a diary industry wastewater seems to be an economical and worthwhile alternative over conventional methods.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: APHA, 2005. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 20th ed., APHA Publication, Washington D.C. Kolhe, A.S., Ingale, S.R. and Bhole, R.V. 2009. Effluents of Dairy Technology, Int Res.Jr.Sodh, Samiksha and Mulyankan, 5 (2): 459-461.
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