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ID: 60540
Title: Studies on physicochemical parameters to assess the water quality at selected sites of River Hooghly, a Tributary of the Ganges, West Bengal, India.
Author: Rajib Das, Paramita Karmakar and Susanta Nath.
Editor: Professor V. Subramanian
Year: 2014
Publisher: Capital Publishing Company.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution.vol.11 (2) 81-88 (2014)
Subject: water, Environment and Pollution.
Keywords: Hooghly river, physicochemical analysis, water quality.
Abstract: The physico-chemical characteristics of Hooghly river water and drain water falling in the same river have been studied. Five sampling stations namely, Bataghat (BATA), Bagkhal(BAGK), Baromandir ghat (BARO), Ghoshpara (GHOS),and sakherbazar ghat (SAKH) are situated in highly populated as well as industrial belt of West Bengal ,India. Sampling was done between November 2009and June 2010 to measure transparency , dissolved oxygen, free carbon dioxide, pH, alkanility , hardness, calcium, magnesium , and salinity. Alkanility at Bataghat river water and Baghkhal sewage water almost maintained more than desirable limit(IS: 200 mg1??) and other places maintained high alkanility during water.pH was almost acidic which was not desirable (IS: 6.5to 8.5). Though dissolved oxygen maintained desirable limit in river water ,but free carbon dioxide was very high almost throughout the study period.Hardness reached upto 360mg 1??in river water at Bataghat which was more than desirable (IS: 300 mg 1??).The study indicated that the Hooghly river water is polluting regularly and becoming unsuitable for aquatic animals. People who used to bathe in the river wee found affected by different skin diseases and had serious gastric problem like dysentery due to intake of water.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Addinsoft (2010).software .informer.com APHA (1995).standard methods for the examination of water and waste water .19th Edn. American Public water Health Association , Washington D.C.
Literature cited 2: Chakraborty , D. and T.K. Gupta(2003).Rapid estimation of major wastewater discharges to river Hooghly between the stretch of palta to Dhankheti Khal.WestBengal Pollution control Board, 1-19 Cieszynska,M., Wesolowski,M., Bartoszewicz,M., Michalska, M. and J. Nowacki(2012).Application of physicochemical data for water -quality assessment of watercourses in the Gdansk Municipility (south Baltic coast) Environ . Monit.Assess, 184: 2017-2029.

ID: 60539
Title: Performance studies on Biological Treatment of Slaughterhouse wastewater using Mixed Culture in Sequencing Batch Reactor.
Author: Pradyut Kundu, Anupam Debsarkar and Somnath Mukherjee.
Editor: Professor V. Subramanian
Year: 2014
Publisher: Capital Publishing Company.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution.vol.11 (2) 67-79 (2014)
Subject: water, Environment and Pollution.
Keywords: slaughterhouse wastewater, sequencing batch reactor, carbon oxidation, ammonia oxidation.
Abstract: The slaughterhouse and meat processing units generate large volumes of wastewater containing high organic and nitrogenous substances (COD,NH4+-N), which require considerable degree of treatment before discharge to the water body. In this regard, selecting an effective system is important. Amongst various biological treatment systems sequencing batch reactor (SBR) is comparatively noble bioreactor system for treating waste containing carbon and nitrogen simultaneously .The performance of a 20 L sequencing batch reactor (SBR) treating wastewater discharged from a local small-scale slaughterhouse was examined in the laboratory at ambient temperature. The reactor was operated under three different variations of aerobic -anoxic sequence,viz.4+4,5+3 and 3+5 hours of total react period with influent soluble COD(SCOD) and ammonia nitrogen level 1000?50 mg/L & 90?10 mg/L and 2000? 50 mg/L & 180?10 mg/L , respectively. It has been observed that 80 to 96% of SCOD removal would be possible at the end of eight hours of overall reaction period, irrespective of the length of the aerobic react period. In case of 4+4 aerobic-anoxic operating cycle, reasonable degree of nitrification 89.48% and 81.58% corresponding to initial NH4+?N value of 87.52 mg/L and 185.24mg/L respectively, along with 94.07% and 90.23% of organic carbon removal corresponding to initial SCOD value of 1015.24mg/L and 2028.55mg/Lrespectively,have been achieved after eight hours of react period for treatment of slaughterhouse wastewater in SBR.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Al-Mutairi,N.Z., Hamoda, M.F. and I.A. Al-Ghusain (2007). Slaughterhouse wastewater treatment using data seeds as adsorbent. Journal of Environment science and Health, 55: 678-710 Al-Mutairi, N.Z. Al-sharifi, F.A. and S.B. Al-shammari (2008).Evaluation study of a slaughterhouse wastewater treatment plant including contact-assisted activated sludge and DAF. Desalination,225: 167-175.
Literature cited 2: American public Health Association (APHA) (1991). Standard Methods for the Examination of water and wastewater (22nd edn) APHA,AWWA, WPCF, Washington, D.C. Boopathy,R., Bonvillain, C., Fontenot, Qand M. Kilgen(2007) Biological treatment of low-salinity shrimp aquaculture wastewater using sequencing batch reactor. International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation, 59: 16-19.

ID: 60538
Title: Operation of Brick Kilns in Bangladesh-A Comparative study.
Author: A.H. Tehzeeb and Muhameed A. Bhuiyan.
Editor: Professor V. Subramanian
Year: 2014
Publisher: Capital Publishing Company.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution.vol.11 (2) 55-65 (2014)
Subject: water, Environment and Pollution.
Keywords: Hybrid Hoffman kiln, fixed chimney kiln,vertical shaft kiln,zigzag kiln, environmental impact.
Abstract: This paper presents an investigation on current use of brick kiln technologies in Bangladesh. There are around five thousand established and numerous make-shift brickfields of various capacities all over the country. Most of the kilns in Bangladesh are fixed chimney (FCK) type, which are somewhat old technology and sources of pounding pollutions. Recently the department of Environment (DoE) of the Bangladesh Government has directed brickfield owners to switch to comparatively better environment friendly technologies like Zigzag, Hybrid Hoffman (HHK) and vertical shaft (VSK) kilns. Most of brickfield owners are not familiar with these kilns and thus reluctant to make over due to lack of industrial knowledge and financial support. However few companies have implemented these technologies on pilot-scale and are yet to demonstrate their full financial viability. As such, broad range technical information along with financial analysis of these technologies is presented here. A set of recommendations are prepared in relation to these technologies suited to their investment opportunity. land accessibility, energy and raw-material supply, labour availability and other requirements. Amongst the three technologies, HHK is the most suitable one-for large -scale production where as FCK if modified and converted into Zigzag kiln will be relatively fuel efficient and less polluting. On the other hand VSK, which are comparatively smaller in capacity,can be made popular in rural Bangladesh . The payback periods of these three kilns ar 3.14, 3.27 and 2.62 years respectively, whereas CO2 emission potentials are 22.20, 15.86 and 28.54 tco2e, respectively compared to 38.06 tco2e for FCK.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Bangladesh Bureau of statistics (BBS) 2011.population and housing census 2011, preliminary results, statistics division, Ministry of planning (MOP), Government of the People ' s Republic of Bangladesh. Bangladesh university of Engineering and Technology (BUET) (2007).small study on air quality of impacts of the North Dhaka brickfield cluster by modeling of emissions and suggestions for mitigation measures including financing models. Prepared by chemical Engineering Department, BUET.
Literature cited 2: Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) (2007).Improving kiln efficiency of the brick making industry in Bangladesh. Project Design Document Form (CDM-SSC-PPD).Date 24-10-2007,version 02.World Bank. Washington D.C. Literature cited 2: Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) (2009).Improving kiln efficiency in the brick making industry in Bangladesh. project Design Document Form (CDM-SSC-PPD), version 02/17/2009.World Bank, Washington D.C.

ID: 60537
Title: Fuzzy and Neuro-Fuzzy Modelling for prediction of Effluent COD for a Real Scale UASB Reactor Treating Distillery Wastewater.
Author: Ashok L. Varne and J.E.M. Macwan
Editor: Professor V. Subramanian
Year: 2014
Publisher: Capital Publishing Company.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution.vol.11 (2) 45-53 (2014)
Subject: water, Environment and Pollution.
Keywords: UASB reacor, spent wash, COD, fuzzy model, ANFIS model, biogas, pH.
Abstract: The high rate anaerobic processes are used for treatment of industrial wastewater. These processes are subjected to many disturbances due to variation in quantity and quality of wastewater. Neuro-fuzzy (ANFIS) and fuzzy models were developed for prediction of effluent COD for an USAB reactor treating distillery wastewater. Different combinations of input parameters were assessed to obtain the ANFIS model. A fuzzy rule based model was developed with same combination of input parameters as ANFIS model. Expert ' s knowledge, plant operator ' s opinion and trend of the data were considered during model development. Parameters required for daily monitoring and operation of the plant were used for model development .Statistical parameters like the correlation coefficient (R) and root mean square error (RMSE) were used to assess the performance of these models.The value of 0.8922 and 1334.69for R and RMSE were observed with the ANFIS model where as 0.8197 and 4208.34 were obtained with the fuzzy model respectively. These values indicate good agreement between the predicted and observed values of effluent COD and satisfactory performance of the models.The modeling approach discussed in this paper will be useful for assessment of performance of the real scale UASB reactor and to control the operation of the plant.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Belanche,L.A., Vades,J.J., Comas, J., Roda, I.R. and M. Poch(1999). Towards a model of input-output behavior of wastewater treatment plants using soft computing techniques.Environmental Modelling & software, 14: 409-419. Cakmakci, M. (2007).Adaptive neuro-fuzzy modeling of anaerobic digestion of primary sedimentation sludge.springer.Bioprocess Biosyst Engineering, 30: 349-357.
Literature cited 2: Carrasco,E.F., Rodriguez , J., Punal , A., Roca, E. and J.M. Lema(2004).Diagnosis of acidification states in an anaerobic wastewater treatment plant using a fuzzy-based expert system.Control Engineering practice, 12: 59-64. Estaben,M., Polit, M., and J.P. steyer(1997).Fuzzy control for an anaerobic digester.Control Eng.Practice, 5(98): 1303-1310.

ID: 60536
Title: Seasonal variation of phytoplankton Diversity in Relation to Eutrophication of Mathura Beel, a Floodplain Lake in West Bengal ,India
Author: Sudipta kumar Maiti, Sarmistha saha, Suman Adkikary, Aniruddha mukhopadhyay and Tapan saha.
Editor: Professor V. Subramanian
Year: 2014
Publisher: Capital Publishing Company.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution.vol.11 (2) 37-44 (2014)
Subject: water, Environment and Pollution.
Keywords: Mathura beel, cyanophyceae, phytoplankton,eutrophication.
Abstract: current study deals with the phytoplankton structure and seasonal variation in Mathura Beel (wetland), a floodplain lake in Gangetic plane of West Bengal ,India.The generic composition of phytoplankton was studied monthly during August 2008 to February 2011. All the relevant calculations were done according to three seasons viz.pre-monsoon, monsoon and post-monsoon. A total of 96 species belonging to 87 genera were identified under six algal classes.Chlorophyceae showed their maximum species diversity with 45% where as cynophycean algae showed maximum relative density i.e 93.11% throughout the study period Microcystis aeruginosa (45.08%) followed by Aphanocapsa rosena(15.53%). Phytoplankton species of Bacillariophyceae, Euglenophyceae,Xanthophyceae and Dinophyceae were negligible in number.Maximum and minimum phytoplankton diversity was found in post -monsoon (H ' =0.38) and pre-monsoon(H ' =0.09) respectively.Cynophycean algae (D=0.97) dominated in pre-monsoon season. The temperature increased upto 2?c in pre-monsoon season during the study period.Dominance of cynophycean algae (Microcystis sp.) has been found to be the main reason of eutrophication in Mathura beel.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Adoni, A.D.(1985).Workbook on Limnology.Department of Environment, Government of India, New Delhi. Bary,B.M.(1959).Species of Zooplankton as a means of identifying different surface waters and demonstrating their movements and mixing.Pac sci., 13(1): 14-54.
Literature cited 2: Bhaumik, U., Jha, B.C., Mitra, K.and G.K. Vinci(2003).Fish yield optimization in beels : some case studies from west Bengal.Bulletin of Central Inland Fishries Research Institute, Barrackpore,125: 43-54. Biswas, M.(2008). Participatory management of ecosystem services: A study of wetland in West Bengal .Ph.D. thesis.School of water Resources Engineering , Jadavpur University , Kolkata, India.

ID: 60535
Title: Impacts of and Adaptations to sea level Rise in Malaysia.
Author: Md. Sujahangir Kabir sarkar, Rawshan Ara Begum, Joy Jacqueline Pereira, Abdul Hamid Jaafar and M.Yusof Saari
Editor: Professor V. Subramanian
Year: 2014
Publisher: Capital Publishing Company.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution.vol.11 (2) 29-36 (2014)
Subject: water, Environment and Pollution.
Keywords: Sea level rise, impacts, adaptation measures, Malaysia.
Abstract: Sea level rise (SLR) due to global warming would severly affect the coastal areas of many countries of the world through inundation of coastal areas and islands, shoreline erosion,and destruction of important ecosystems such as wetlands and mangroves.Asignificant increase of sea level would hamper the economy, trade,tourism, biodiversityand livelihood.This aricle attempts to highlight a snapshot of physical ,economic and social impacts of SLR and adaptation measures needed in Malaysia. In Malaysia, the total mangrove would be lost with 90 cm rise in the sea level and destruction of coastal bunds could inundate 1000km? agricultural lands. Malaysia would be needing 5750 million us$ PPP additional economic cost for SLR in 2030. In addition, Malaysia would lose 7000km? land areas and more than 0.05 million population would be displaced by 1m SLR in 2100 if no adaptation measures are taken. The country ' s total cost of SLR with and without adaptation would be 160.92 and 655.09 million US $ /year respectively under A2 scenario. Thus, adaptation measures are necessary to reduce the possible impacts of SLR in coastal zones. Adaptation measures such as coastal defenses, beach nourishment, offshore barriers, floodgate, mangrove creation etc. should be taken to limit the negative impact of SLR in Malaysia. These adaptation measures and responses should be mainstreamed with local policy , planning and resilience-building strategies.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Arlington Group planning+Architecture Inc.(2013). Sea level rise adaptation premier, a tool kit to build adaptive capacity to canada ' s south coasts. Prepared for the British Columbia ministry of Environment. Baharuddin, M.K.(2007).Climate change-Its effects on the agricultural sector in Malaysia.National seminar on socio-Economic Impacts of Extreme weather and climate change, 21-22 june,2007 Malaysia (online access on June 21,2013): http://www.met.gov.my/index .php?option =com_content &task =view&id=110&Itemid=147.
Literature cited 2: Bijlsma, L., Ehler, C.N., Klein, R.J.T., Kulshreshta, S.M.,McLean,R.F.Mimura, N., Nicholls,R.J.,Nurse,L.A., Perez Nieto, H.,Stakhiv, E.Z., Turner, R.K.and and R.A.Warrick(1996).coastal zones and small islands .In: Watson,R.T., M.C.,Zinyowera and R.H.Moss(eds). Climate change 1995 -Impacts, Adaptations and Mitigation of climate change : scientific -Technical Analyses.Cambridge University press, Cambridge,U.K. Burkett,V.R. and M.A.Davidson(Eds)(2012).coastal Impacts ,Adaptation and Vulnerability: A Technical Input to the 2012 National climate Assessment.Cooperative Report to the 2013 National climate Assessment.

ID: 60534
Title: Assessment of Chemical quality of water in the Halabja-Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region of Iraq.
Author: Dana A. Mohammed Barzinji and Dilshad G.A. Ganjo
Editor: Professor V. Subramanian
Year: 2014
Publisher: Capital Publishing Company.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution.vol.11 (2) 19-28 (2014)
Subject: water, Environment and Pollution.
Keywords: Water pollution, Halabja, heavy metal
Abstract: A study of water pollution was conducted at Halabja-sulaimani. Water samples were collected from five different locations in a radial manner around and within Halabja town. Water sources included artesian wells, drilled wells and Kahreezes. Before the chlorination and disinfection process, water samples were collected and then chemical and bacteriological analyses were conducted. The field works commenced according to a regular schedule twice per month, starting in June and ending in November 2007.The chemical evaluation of the well waters in the present study based on standards given for drinking water by the world Health Organization guidelines, can be assessed as good -quality ; ranging from moderately hard to hard. Saturated by oxygen and healthy with regard to biological oxygen demand. The maximum and minimum of reactive phosphorus, nitrate, nitrite and chloride were 0.05-4.29mg at p-po? 1??, 0.83-8.40 N-No? 1?? and 1.42-25.16mgl??, respectively. All water samples during the investigation period revealed pollution by nickel, lead, molybedinum and chromium. In all investigated sites, cations were dominated by calcium followed by magnesium, sodium and potassium in order of decreasing concentrations.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Abbawy, S.A. and M.S. Hassan (1990). Practical environmental -engineering water analysis. Ministry of education and scientific Research.Al-Hikama publishing House. Mousl Univ. Alloway,B.J. and D.C. Ayres(1997). Chemical principles of environmental pollution.Second Edition, Blackie Academic and professional, chapman and Hall, London.
Literature cited 2: AL-Manharawi,S. and A. Hafiz(1997).Fresh water: Resources and quality . Arabic press. Cairo.(In Arabic) Anon(1975).Contributions on Natural Resources Research, Iraq.UNDP Tech.Rep., Paris. Anon (1975). Contributions on Natural Resources Research, Iraq.UNDP Tech. Rep., Paris.

ID: 60533
Title: Assessment of Heavy Metals in Top Soil around a proposed Uranium Tailings pond in Southern India.
Author: K.Brindha and L. Elango
Editor: Professor V. Subramanian
Year: 2014
Publisher: Capital Publishing Company.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution.vol.11 (2) 13-17 (2014)
Subject: water, Environment and Pollution.
Keywords: Soil Pollution, agriculture, Uranium tailings, heavy metals, agrochemicals.
Abstract: The concentration of heavy metals such as copper, Iron, Manganese, Lead, and Zinc in top soil around a proposed uranium mining and tailings pond area in Nalgonda district, Andhra Pradesh, India was determined. Fourteen soil samples were collected in July 2010 and analysed as per standard procedures.The mean concentration of copper, iron, manganese, lead and zinc in the soil was 0.19, 54.48, 2.0, 0.33 and 0.34mg/kg respectively. This study provide the spatial variation in concentration of heavy metals as a baseline data for impact assessments of the proposed uranium mining and tailings storage activity in future.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Blatt, H. and R.J. Tracy(1997), Petrology(2 nd ed.). Freeman, New York. Brindha, K., (2012).Assessment of fluoride and uranium in groundwater and hydrogeochemical modeling in a proposed uranium tailings pond area, southern India. Unpublished Ph.D. thesis, Department of Geology, Anna University, India.
Literature cited 2: Brindha, K. and L. Elango (2010).Study on bromide in groundwater in parts of Nalgonda district, Andhra Pradesh. Earth Science India, 3(1): 73-80. Brindha, K. and L. Elango (2012).Groundwater quality zonation in a shallow weathered rock aquifer using GIS. Geo-spatial Information Science, 15(2): 95-104.

ID: 60532
Title: Groundwater Arsenic in South-East Asia: Extent, Effects and Solutions.
Author: Prahakar Sharma, Gaurav Goel, S.M. Ashekuzzaman, Gaurav Saini and Ranvir Singh.
Editor: Professor V. Subramanian
Year: 2014
Publisher: Capital Publishing Company.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution.vol.11 (2) 1-11 (2014)
Subject: water, Environment and Pollution.
Keywords: Arsenic, Health hazards, groundwater, agriculture, Bangladesh, India.
Abstract: Ground water is a clean source of drinking water. However, the presence of elevated concentrations of inorganic arsenic in groundwater, particularly in the regions of Bangladesh and the Eastern part of India, is a cause for concern. Most people residing in this geographic location have no alternative but to drink arsenic contaminated groundwater, which has arsenic concentrations above the permissible limit (0.01mg/L). As a result, approximately 123 million people in India and Bangladesh face higher risk of cancer, as well as risk other cardiovascular and neurologic diseases. Many techniques for getting rid of arsenic from drinking water are available. In this paper, we focus on the region of eastern India and Bangladesh to examine the extent of arsenic contamination and its toxic effects on humans, explore the sources of arsenic in this geography, and compare and contrast the technologies of arsenic removal.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Abedin, M.J., Feldmann, J. and arsenic species in rice plants. Plant physiology, 128:1120-1128. Acharyya, .A.K. (2002).Arsenic contamination in ground water affecting major parts of southern West Bengal and parts of western chhatisgarh: Source and mobilization process. Current sci., 82: 740-744.
Literature cited 2: Acharyya, S.K., Chakraborty, P., Lahiri, S., Raymahashay, B.C., Guha, S. and A. Bhowmik(1999).Arsenic poisoning of Ganges delta. Nature, 401: 545. Akter, M. and M.H. Ali (2011).Arsenic contamination in ground water and its proposed remedial measures.Int.J.Environ.Sci.Technol., 8: 433-443.

ID: 60531
Title: Heavy metal concentration in soils from Enyimba Dumpsite in Aba, Southeastern Nigeria.
Author: Akobundu N. Amadi
Editor: Professor V. Subramanian
Year: 2014
Publisher: Capital Publishing Company.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution.vol.11 (1) 105-113 (2014)
Subject: water, Environment and Pollution.
Keywords: Heavy metals, contamination, dumpsite, analysis, Aba.
Abstract: The manner in which municipal wastes generate are disposed in most urban areas in Nigeria is worrisome. The upsurge in population density and its resultant increase in urbanization and industrialization and the amount of waste generated in Aba, are of great concern. The objective of this research is to evaluate the concentration of some heavy metals in soils in the vicinity of Enyimba dumpsite in Aba, Nigeria. Thirty soil samples were collected and analyzed in the laboratory for some heavy metals by atomic absorption spectrophotometric method and multivariate statistical techniques. Twenty-five of the samples were obtained from the vicinity of the dumpsite while five samples are collected far away from dumpsite to serve as control samples. The overall decreasing metal concentration in the dumpsite sol is: Cd> Co>Cu>Zn>As> Pb>Mn>Ni>Cr. A positive correlation exists between Cd and organic matter(r=0.598). Geo-accumulation index and uncontaminated level. Factor analysis revealed four major components accounting for 78.82% of cumulative variance of the contamination: Cd, Cu, Co and organic matter; Pb, Zn and Ph; Mn, As, clay+ silt and finally Cr and Ni. From the above observations, it is evident that only Cd showed more pronounced level of pollution than any other metal. The need to replace open dumpsites with well designed sanitary landfills is advocated.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Abbasi, S.A., N. Abbasi and R. Soni (1998). Heavy metals in the environment 1st Edn. Mittal Publ. Aboud, S.J. and N. Nandini (2009). Heavy metal analysis and sediment quality values in urban lakes. Am. J. Environ. Sci., 5(6): 678:687.
Literature cited 2: Ademoroti, C.M.A.(1990). Bio-accumulation of heavy metals in some mangrove fauna and flora .In: Environmental chemistry and toxicological consultancy, Benni, 180-182. Adewole, A.T. (2009). Waste management towards sustainable development in Nigeria: A case study of Lagos state. Int. NGO J., 4(4): 173-179.

ID: 60530
Title: Organic production of Koromjol, Passur River system of the Sundarbans, Bangladesh.
Author: Farzana Rahman, MirTamzid Rahman, Md Sayadur Rahman and Jasim Uddin Ahmad.
Editor: Professor V. Subramanian
Year: 2014
Publisher: Capital Publishing Company.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution.vol.11 (1) 95-103 (2014)
Subject: water, Environment and Pollution.
Keywords: Organic production, phytoplankton abundance, chlorophyll, nutrients.
Abstract: A study on organic production of Koromjol, Passur River system of the sundarbans was conducted from September 2008 to May 2009. The present study deals with organic production, phytoplankton abundance and nutrients of Koromjol in our sampling station, Koromjol, the values of gross and net primary production were ranged from 18-146 and 15 to 86 mgC/m?/L respectively where maximum were recorded during winter and minimum at rainy season. Supporting biomass and phytoplankton abundance were also given highest values at winter and lowest during rainy season which makes the seasonal variation very significant. Phytoplankton taxa belonging to some major classes, i.e cephalodonia sp., coscinodiscus sp., oscillatoria sp. and Melosira sp. were identified. The objectives of this study are to determine the organic production, phytoplankton abundance and chlorophyll-a with nutrients of the passur river.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Anderson, D.M., Gilbert, P.M. and J.M. Burkholder (2002). Harmful algal blooms and eutrophication: Nutrient sources, composition, and consequences. Estuaries, 25: 704-726 Andersen, J.H., Schluter, L. and G. Ertebjerg (2006). Coastal eutrophication: recent developments in definitions and implications for monitoring strategies. J. Plankton Res., 28: 621-628.
Literature cited 2: APHA (1998). Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. American public Health Association. (APHA). Beiiner, L.M.(1951). Limnology of the Lower Missouri River. Ecology, 32: 1-12.

ID: 60529
Title: Validation of Design Methodology for Rainwater Harvesting for Tropical Climates.
Author: S.Sendanayake, N.P.Miguntanna and M.T.R. Jayasinghe.
Editor: Professor V. Subramanian
Year: 2014
Publisher: Capital Publishing Company.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution.vol.11 (1) 87-93 (2014)
Subject: water, Environment and Pollution.
Keywords: Rain Water harvesting, Sustainable development, Water saving efficiency.
Abstract: Promotion of sustainable development in the building sector with reduced embodied energy and life cycle costs has become a primary need for facing the emerging threats of global warming and depleting energy sources. In this context, the minimization of the dependence on reticulated water supply is of crucial importance due to the high level of operational energy and the cost associated with the reticulated water supply. For this purpose, rainwater harvesting (RWH) can offer an ideal solution where the harvested water can b easily used for flushing of toilets and gardening. Though design curves and parameters are available for design of the rainwater tanks for a significant water saving efficiency (WSE) in temperate climate regions, the validity and the applicapability of these curves and parameters for tropical climate regions such as SriLanka, where rainfall patterns vary significantly across geographical and climatic boundaries, is still limited. It is also important to utilize a practical solution to develop multiple data, using short-term rainfall data, in order to compensate for the lack of available data for many geographical regions. In this research, a practical methodology was employed using short-term rain fall data and an experimental set up to validate design curves for WSE, obtained in temperate climate climatic regions , to predict the WSE for tropical climate regions.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Basinger, M., Montalto, F. And U. Lall (2010). A rainwater harvesting system reliability model based on nonparametric stochastic rainfall generator. Journal of Hydrology, 392(3-4): 105-118. Boers, Th.M and J. Ben-Asher (1982).A review of Rainwater Harvesting. Agricultural water Management, 5(2): 145-158.
Literature cited 2: Dixon, A., Butler, D. and A. Fewkes (1999).Computer simulation of domestic water reuse systems: Investigating grey water and rainwater in combination. Water Science Technology, 38(4): 25-32. Fewkes, A. (1999a). The use of rain water for WC flushing: The field-testing of a collection system. Building and Environment, 34: 765-772.

ID: 60528
Title: Simulation of organic pollutants: First Step towards an Adaptation to the Malacca Strait.
Author: Bernard Mayer and Thomas Pohlmann
Editor: Professor V. Subramanian
Year: 2014
Publisher: Capital Publishing Company.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution.vol.11 (1) 75-86 (2014)
Subject: water, Environment and Pollution.
Keywords: Malacca Strait, circulation, persistent organic pollutants POPs, PCB 153, ?-HCH.
Abstract: For the simulation of the transport of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), a set of numerical models has been adapted and applied to the Malacca strait and the adjacent South China Sea and Java Sea. As a first step, a model experiment, namely input of POPs into model region only via rivers, was performed ,because realistic input data regarding concentrations, sources and sinks of POPs for the marine environment as well as different other parameters responsible for the fate of POPs in the ocean were not yet available. Firstly, a numerical hydrodynamical model has been applied to the region of interest to simulate the hydrological situations as realistically as possible. Secondly, a numerical model for the fate and transport of POPs has been run on the basis of the hydrodynamical model results to simulate the dispersal of two differently behaving POPs, i.e. ?-HCH and PCB 153, from river input only. It is shown that only a clear seasonal but hardly annual variation is present in the model results for the currents and for the total POP concentrations. Despite permanent riverine input, the seasonal pattern of total POP concentration in water repeats in the simulation results year after without further accumulation indicating that a quasi-steady state has been reached .Tidal mixing leads to vertically homogeneous concentrations except in deeper areas of northern Malacca strait. Furthermore, the concentration distributions of PCB 153 in water show similar patterns but lower values than ?-HCH.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: ARGE Elbe( 2003,2005, 2007,2008) Gewassserguteberichte der Elbe 2002,2004,2006,2007.Arbeitsgemeins chaft fir die Reinhaltung der Elbe, Germany(Reports on the quality of the water of the Elbe River, in German language. Asdak, C, Jarvis, P.G. and P.V. Gardingen (1998). Evaporation of intercepted precipitation based on an energy balance in unlogged and logged forest areas of central Kalimantan, Indonesia, Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 92(3): 173-180
Literature cited 2: Backhaus, J.O. (1985). A three -dimensional model for the simulation of shelf sea dynamics. Deutsche Hydrographische Zeitschrift, 38: 165-187. Boyer, T., Levitus, S., Garcia, H., Locarnini, R., Stephens, C. and J. Antonov (2005). Objective analyses of annual, seasonal, and monthly temperature and salinity for the world ocean on a 0.25?grid. International Journal of Climatology, 25: 931-945.

ID: 60527
Title: Lagrangian Model Simulation of Passive Tracer Dispersion in the Siak Estuary and Malacca strait.
Author: Mutiara R. Putri and Thomas Pohlmann
Editor: Professor V. Subramanian
Year: 2014
Publisher: Capital Publishing Company.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution.vol.11 (1) 67-74 (2014)
Subject: water, Environment and Pollution.
Keywords: Malaca Strait, hydrodynamic modeling, circulation, pollutant dispersion, seasonality.
Abstract: The 3-dimension hydro dynamical Hamburg Shelf Ocean Model (HAMSOM) is used to study the dispersal of riverine pollutants in the Malacca strait. Surface currents dominantly flow northward, i.e. from south eastern Java sea to the Malacca strait. The model simulations indicate particles discharged by the Siak River could reach the northern part of Bengkalis strait within 20 days.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Backhaus, J.O.(1985). A Three-Dimensional Model for the Simulation of Shelf Sea Dynamics. Dt.Hydrogr.Z. 38: 165-187. Conkright, M.E., Locarnini, R.A., Garcia, H.E., O ' Brien, T.D., Boyer, T.P. Stephens, C., Antonov, J.I. (2002) World Ocean Atlas 2001: Objective Analyses, Data Statistics, and Figures. C D-ROM Documentation, National Oceanographic Data Center, Silver Spring, MD. Pusat Penelitian Air (1998).Hydrology Year Books, Kementrian pekerjaan Umum Indonesia.
Literature cited 2: Kalnay, E., Kanamistu, M., Kistler, R., Collins, W., Deaven, D., Gandin, L., Iredell, M., Saha, S., White, G., Woollen, J., Zhu, Y., Chelliah, M., Ebisuzaki, W., Higgins, W., Janowiak, J., Mo, K.C., Ropelewski, C., and Wang. J., Leetmaa, A., Reynolds. Jenne, R.and D., Joseph (1996).The NCEP/NCAR 40-Year Reanalysis project. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 77(3): 437-471.

ID: 60526
Title: River Health and Community Health: A Collaborative Action -Oriented Social -ecological Analysis.
Author: EvaJuli Suhren, Firia Devita, Katrin Pruter, Suardi Tarumun, Marion Glaser and Bernhard Glaeser.
Editor: Professor V. Subramanian
Year: 2014
Publisher: Capital Publishing Company.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution.vol.11 (1) 51-66 (2014)
Subject: water, Environment and Pollution.
Keywords: Riverside communities, water pollution, health risks, women ' s role, poverty and social injustice.
Abstract: We assume that social and ecological systems are closely connected. Within the conceptual framework of social-Ecological Systems (SES) analysis we focus on poverty, health and sustainable development within the Siak River catchment area in Riau province (Sumatra). Substantial environmental changes in the last ten years, especially the degraded water quality of the Siak River, have directly affected the Siak eco system services and consequently the welfare and livelihood of people who depend on these services. Impacts occur on income, health, job mobility and, to some degree, community culture for those who live in the Siak River basin. The income of fisher families has been reduced significantly forcing them to look for job alternatives elsewhere. The contaminated water has caused diseases that were not reported ten years ago. Local village inhabitants, women specifically, are aware of the social -ecological nexus, i.e. the connection between river pollution and people ' s health in the riverside village communities. The economic disadvantages people experience from the degraded ecosystem services differ between villages but have severely lowered the standard of living and quality of life in riverside settlements. Conclusions are drawn on the role of poverty, and the chances of alleviating health risks and pursuing sustainable development for the Siak river basin are explored.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Aglionby, J. (2001) Fishermen driven to illegal logging as pulp factory poisons river. The Guardian, 26.06.2001. Ali, M.and T.R. Sreekrishnan (2001).Aquatic toxicity from pulp and paper mill effluents: A review .Advances in Environmental Research, 5(2): 175-196.
Literature cited 2: Anderson, C., Hehr, A., Robbins, R., Hasan, R., Athar, M., Mukhtar, H., and C.A., Elements (1995).Metabolic requirements for induction of contact hypersensitivity to immunotoxic polyaromatic hydrocarbons. The Journal of Immunology, 155(7): 3530-3537. Asian development Bank (2006b).Country Gender Assessment -Indonesia. Gemeinsame publikation der The Asia Foundation, Asian Development Bank, Canadian International Development Agency, National Democratic Institute and The World Bank, Manila.