ID: 65866
Title: Insect–plant mutualism
Author: Krishna Kumar
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 126 (6) 637-638 25 March (2024)
Subject: Insect–plant mutualism
Keywords: None
Abstract: It is a common belief that except silkworms,
honey bees and lac insects, all other insects
are harmful creatures, damaging stored
grains, crops and ornamental plants. Besides, they act as carriers or vectors of a
number of harmful pathogens and microbes transmitting various dreadful diseases to human beings and animals. Apart
from this hostile and acrimonious relationship between insects and plants, there is a
friendly and cordial relationship between
them, where both benefit each other and coexist in perfect harmony. For example,
many plants and insects have developed or
evolved a mechanism that is of mutual interest. Generally, the insects living in close
association with plants, protect them in return for food. Plants of Acacia sp. harbour
colonies of ants of Pseudomyrmex sp. These
ants live within the hollow, swollen stipular thorns of the plants feeding on the nectar and proteins produced in the petioles
and tips of the new leaves respectively. In
return, these ants aggressively guard and
protect the plants from herbivores.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1:
Literature cited 2:
ID: 65865
Title: Reservoir-influenced land ecosystem
Author: Pulak Das
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 126 (6) 637-637 25 March (2024)
Subject: Reservoir-influenced land ecosystem
Keywords: None
Abstract: Reservoirs intensify open-water evaporation
and enhance moisture supply for precipitation in the vicinity
. Around a reservoir,
higher water tables support increased soil
moisture and higher groundwater levels,
which may cause increased vegetation
growth
. Studies worldwide indicate that
reservoirs affect the microclimatic and soil
moisture conditions in their surroundings,
resulting in a noticeable increase in vegetation and overall normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Woldemichael, A. L., Hossain, F., Pielke Sr,
R. and Beltrán-Przekurat, A., Water Resour.
Res., 2012, 48(9), W09547; doi:10.1029/
2011WR011684.
Hausner, M. B. et al., Ecol. Eng., 2018,
120, 432–440; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
ecoleng.2018.06.024
Literature cited 2: Sun, L. et al., Adv. Water Resour., 2021,
153, 103946; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.
advwatres.2021.103946.
Tian, M., Zhou, J., Jia, B., Lou, S. and Wu,
H., Remote Sensing, 2020, 12, 2860; doi:
10.3390/rs12172860.
ID: 65864
Title: Flash floods and their cascading tumults: an example from Teesta River valley, Eastern Himalaya, Sikkim, India
Author: Dilli Ram Dahal , Manish Mehta, C. M. Bhatt and Khayingshing Luirei
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 126 (10) 1280-1284 25 May (2024)
Subject: Flash floods and their cascading tumults: an example from Teesta River valley, Eastern Himalaya, Sikkim, India
Keywords: Cloudburst, GLOF, Himalaya, Sikkim, South Lhonak Lake
Abstract: Rapid melting of snow/ice and heavy rainfall have resulted in the formation and expansion of moraine dammed lakes, creating a potential danger from glacial
lake outburst floods (GLOFs). Around 9:30–10 p.m. on
3 September 2023, the South Lhonak Lake, a glacial
lake in the upper reaches of Sikkim Himalaya, burst
its banks following a cloudburst in the catchment area
of Lachung River. The water, with all the debris it
picked up along the way, rammed into the dam, causing
parts of it to give way. This led to massive flooding
downstream. This catastrophic event changed the landscape in many parts of the upper reaches of Sikkim,
making the whole region more fragile and vulnerable.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Valdiya, K. S., Paul, S. K., Chandra, T., Bhakuni, S. S. and Upadhyaya,
R. C., Tectonic and lithological characterization of Himadri (Great
Himalaya) between Kali and Yamuna rivers, Central Himalaya.
Himal. Geol., 1999, 20(2), 1–17.
Mehta, M., Shukla, T., Bhambri, R., Gupta, A. K. and Dobhal, D.
P., Terrain changes, caused by the 15–17 June 2013 heavy rainfall
in the Garhwal Himalaya, India: a case study of Alaknanda and
Mandakini basins. Geomorphology, 2017, 284, 53–71
Literature cited 2: Valdiya, K. S., Environmental Geology: Indian Context, Tata
McGraw Hill, New Delhi, 1987, p. 538.
Das, S., Ashrit, R. and Moncrieff, M. W., Simulation of a Himalayan cloud burst event. J. Earth Sys. Sci., 2006, 115(3), 299–313.
ID: 65863
Title: Soil enzymatic activity, nutrient dynamics and biplot analysis under varied plant population and nutrient management in machine-planted chickpea
Author: M. Karthika , K. Bhanu Rekha, K. S. Sudhakar , A. Madhavi , S. Triveni and P. Rajaiah
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 126 (10) 1273-1279 25 May (2024)
Subject: Soil enzymatic activity, nutrient dynamics and biplot analysis under varied plant population and nutrient management in machine-planted chickpea
Keywords: Enzyme activity, nutrient management, PCAbiplot, planting density, soil nutrient dynamics.
Abstract: Soil dehydrogenase (14.2, 11.3 mg TPF g–1 day–1
), alkaline phosphatase (109.5, 86.7 mg PNP g–1 soil h–1
), acid
phosphatase (69.7, 51.6 mg PNP g–1 soil h–1
) and urease
activity (60.4, 39.9 mg NH4 g–1 2 h–1
) in chickpea at
flowering and harvest with seed rate @ 105 kg ha–1
.
Among, nutrient management the corresponding activity
(14.9, 11.7 mg TPF g–1 day–1
), (120.7, 96.7 mg g PNP g–1
soil h–1
), (70.5, 52.7 mg g PNP g–1 soil h–1
) was higher
with 75% RDF + microbial consortia (MC). Contrarily,
urease activity (62.3, 38.7 mg g NH4 g–1 2 h–1
), soil
available soil nitrogen (181.3, 179.0 kg ha–1
) and phosphorus (78.3, 76.5 kg ha–1
) were higher under 125%
RDF + MC. PCA indicated that among nutrient management, first principal component explained 71.37%
variability to urease activity, available soil potassium
and dehydrogenase activity and second component
(22.34%) to available soil phosphorus and nitrogen.
Among planting density, first component explained
variability (66.87%) to acid phosphatase and second
component (32.11%) to available phosphorus
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: van der Heijden, M. G. A., Bardgett, R. D. and van Stralen, N. M.,
The unseen majority, soil microbes as drivers of plant diversity and
productivity in terrestrial ecosystems. Ecol. Lett., 2008, 11, 296–310.
Khan, S., Hesham, A. E. L., Qiao, M., Rehman, S. and He, J. Z.,
Effects of Cd and Pb on soil microbial community structure and activities. Environ. Sci. Poll., 2010, 17, 288–296.
Literature cited 2: Jiao, X. G., Gao, C. S., Lu, G. H. and Sui, Y. Y., Effect of long-term
fertilization on soil enzyme activities under different hydrothermal
conditions in Northeast China. Agric. Sci. China, 2011, 10, 412–422.
Wolińska, A. and Zofia, S., Dehydrogenase Activity in the Soil Environment (ed. Rosa Angela Canuto), Dehydrogenases Intech, Open
Access Textbook, 2012, 10.5772/48294.
ID: 65862
Title: Automated kharif rice mapping using SAR data and machine learning techniques in GEE platform
Author: Saurabh P. Vyas , Mukesh Kumar, Dhaval Kathiria , Mandakini Jani , Mehul R. Pandya and Bimal K. Bhattacharya
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 126 (10) 1265-1272 25 May (2024)
Subject: Automated kharif rice mapping using SAR data and machine learning techniques in GEE platform
Keywords: Google earth engine, large-scale rice mapping, machine learning, multi-temporal, SAR
Abstract: The present study employs temporal C-band Sentinel-1
synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data within the Google
Earth Engine (GEE) platform to evaluate discriminability and estimate acreage of kharif rice across major
Indian states. Utilizing multi-temporal Sentinel-1 Cband SAR data, including time-series cross-polarization
vertical–horizontal channels, the research spanned
states such as Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya
Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Telangana,
Andhra Pradesh, West Bengal, Odisha and Assam.
Employing five machine learning algorithms on GEE,
with random forest demonstrating high performance,
achieved 98.59% accuracy and 0.92 kappa coefficient
(κ) in Odisha. Subsequently, the RF algorithm was applied for kharif rice acreage estimation, yielding overall
accuracies from 88.48% to 97.28% and κ between 0.87
and 0.96 with deviations from reported acreage ranging
from 0.95% to 12% across diverse states. The study
underscores the efficacy of SAR data and machine
learning within GEE for precise large-scale automated
mapping of kharif rice
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Department of Agriculture Cooperation (India). Agricultural Statistics at a Glance, 2021; https://desagri.gov.in/wp-content/uploads/
2021/07/Agricultural-Statistics-at-a-Glance-2021-English-version.
pdf
Joshi, N. et al., A review of the application of optical and radar remote
sensing data fusion to land use mapping and monitoring. Remote
Sensing, 2016, 8(1), 70; https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8010070.
Literature cited 2: Fatikhunnada, A., Liyantono, L., Solahudin, M., Buono, A., Kato,
T. and Seminar, K., Assessment of pre-treatment and classification
methods for java paddy field cropping pattern detection on MODIS
images. Remote Sensing Appl.: Soc. Environ., 2020, 17, 100281;
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsase.2019.100281.
Ramadhani, F., Reddy, P., Kereszturi, G. and Procter, J., Mapping
of rice growth phases and bare land using Landsat-8 OLI with machine learning. Int. J. Remote Sensing, 2020, 41(21), 8428–8452;
https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2020.1779378.
ID: 65861
Title: In silico model and sensitivity analysis of plasma glucose regulation: towards an individualized maximal model for physiology and pathophysiology
Author: Vennila Minar, Viswanathan Mohan and Krishnakumar Ramarathnam
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 126 (10) 1254-1264 25 May (2024)
Subject: In silico model and sensitivity analysis of plasma glucose regulation: towards an individualized maximal model for physiology and pathophysiology
Keywords: Glucose homeostasis, individualized maximal model, metabolic hormones, Sobol sensitivity analysis, type 2 diabetes.
Abstract: The present study focuses on metabolic hormone regulation of plasma glucose and its role in type 2 diabetes
(T2D). We propose an individualized maximal model
based on plasma glucose dynamics in healthy individuals,
considering key substrates and hormones after oral
intake. The model accurately simulates T2D pathophysiology, including effects of free fatty acids, glucagon,
GLP-1, ghrelin and leptin on insulin and glucagon levels.
Model simulations closely match clinical data from
oral glucose tolerance tests in normal and T2D subjects.
However, the model’s complexity poses challenges for
parameter estimation. To address this, we conducted a
Sobol sensitivity analysis to identify influential parameters and simplify the model while preserving its dynamic
interpretation. This approach reveals critical parameters
influencing glucose regulation, aiding in understanding
model dynamics and improving computational efficiency
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: https://www.who.int/health-topics/diabetes?
Groop, L. and Pociot, F., Genetics of diabetes – are we missing the
genes or the disease? Mol. Cellular Endocrinol., 2014, 382(1),
726–739.
Literature cited 2: Srinivasan, R., Kadish, A. H. and Sridhar, R., A mathematical
model for the control mechanism of free fatty acid-glucose metabolism in normal humans. Comput. Biomed. Res., 1970, 3, 146–166.
Foster, R. O., Soeldner, J. S., Tan, M. H. and Guyton, J. R., Short
term glucose homeostasis in man: a system dynamic model. Trans.
Am. Soc. Mech. Eng. (ASME), 1973, 95(3), 308–314.
ID: 65860
Title: Artificial intelligence for crop yield prediction: a bibliometric analysis
Author: M. Lokeshwari, Girish Kumar Jha, K. V. Praveen and Anshu Bharadwaj
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 126 (10) 1245-1253 25 May (2024)
Subject: Artificial intelligence for crop yield prediction: a bibliometric analysis
Keywords: Artificial intelligence, bibliometric analysis, crop yield prediction, deep learning, machine learning, remote sensing, VOSviewer.
Abstract: The synergy between artificial intelligence (AI) and
agricultural sciences has garnered substantial attention, especially in the realm of crop yield prediction.
The present bibliometric analysis examines the worldwide research trends about the application of AI in
predicting crop yields. The global literature on crop
yield prediction using AI published between 1997 and
2022 is searched in the Scopus database. Five hundred
and forty research articles were used to compile the analysis; they were located in the Scopus database and processed through the VOSviewer. Our research reveals a
significant surge in scholarly publications, particularly focusing on countries including China, the United States,
India and Canada. These research endeavours aim to
apply AI methodologies for forecasting agricultural
produce yields in tandem with developments in remote
sensing technologies that facilitate more accurate yield
predictions. These insights offer a valuable reference
for researchers and illuminate potential directions for
future investigations in the domain of AI-based crop
yield prediction
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Oladipupo, A. T., Introduction to machine learning. In New Advances in Machine Learning (ed. Zhang, Y.), IntechOpen, UK,
2010, pp. 1–8.
McQueen, R. J., Garner, S. R., Nevill-Manning, C. G. and Witten,
I. H., Applying machine learning to agricultural data. Comput.
Electron. Agric., 1995, 12, 275–293.
Literature cited 2: Xu, X. et al., Design of an integrated climatic assessment indicator
(ICAI) for wheat production: a case study in Jiangsu Province,
China. Ecol. Indic., 2019, 101, 943–953.
Filippi, P. et al., An approach to forecast grain crop yield using
multi-layered, multi-farm data sets and machine learning. Precis.
Agric., 2019, 20, 1015–1029.
ID: 65859
Title: Rock magnetism and preliminary archaeointensity results from Harappa potsherds, India
Author: E. Sai Krishna, M. Venkateshwarlu, M. R. Kapawar , P. D. Sabale , N. Ramesh Babu and V. S. Shinde
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 126 (10) 1236-1244 25 May (2024)
Subject: Rock magnetism and preliminary archaeointensity results from Harappa potsherds, India
Keywords: Archaeointensity, IZZI protocol, potsherds, Rakhigarhi, rock magnetism.
Abstract: New archaeointensity results from the Indian archaeological excavation at the historical Harappa Rakhigarhi
site, India, dating from the third millennium BC, are
reported. Fifteen samples from nine potsherd fragments were collected and subjected to the IZZI Thellier
palaeointensity method. Detailed rock magnetic measurements were performed on representative potsherds.
Rock magnetic properties indicate that magnetite is the
dominant carrier of remanent magnetization. Archaeointensity values range from 23.65 ± 1.23 µT to 41.22 ±
1.82 µT (mean 32.64 ± 0.81 µT), while corresponding
virtual axial dipole movements range from 5.06 to
10.60 × 1022 Am2 (mean 8.11 × 1022 Am2
).
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Aitken, M. and Weaver, G., Magnetic dating: some archaeomagnetic
measurements in Britain. Archaeometry, 1962, 5, 4–18.
Tarduno, J. A. et al., Antiquity of the south Atlantic anomaly and
evidence for top-down control on the geodynamo. Nat. Commun.,
2015, 6, 7865; doi:10.1038/ncomms8865.
Literature cited 2: Davies, C. and Constable, C., Geomagnetic spikes on the core-mantle
boundary. Nat. Commun., 2017, 8, 15593; http://doi:10.1038/
ncomms15593.
Korte, M., Donadini, F. and Constable, C., Geomagnetic field for
0–3 ka: 2. A new series of time-varying global models. Geochem.
Geophys. Geosyst., 2009, 10, Q06008; http://doi:10.1029/2008GC002297.
ID: 65858
Title: Barren Island volcano: a multi-source analysis of two decades of volcanic activity
Author: Karishma Choudhary , Goutham Krishna Teja Gunda, Mijanur Ansary, Mamta Chauhan , Yateesh Ketholia and D. S. Manjula
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 126 (10) 1225-1235 25 May (2024)
Subject: Barren Island volcano: a multi-source analysis of two decades of volcanic activity
Keywords: Andaman Sea, Barren Island volcano, FIRMS, SO2, satellite observations, volcanic radiative power.
Abstract: Barren Island volcano is the only active stratovolcano
within Indian territory. Following the 2004 Indian
Ocean earthquake, which had a magnitude of 9.3 Mw,
the volcano gained global attention due to its sudden
unrest and violent behaviour. It has been intermittently
active since then, between 2005 and 2022. Due to the
remote location and inaccessibility of the volcano, Earth
Observation technology is the only feasible approach
for regular monitoring. The present study utilizes satellite
images and their derived products, such as volcanic
radiative power, fire information for resource management system, and SO2 data, to understand various
volcanic features and assess the volcanic characteristics
and patterns during the active phases over the last two
decades. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of
the multi-source satellite datasets in monitoring India’s
lone active volcano.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Peter, J., Remote sensing observations for volcano monitoring and
hazard mitigation. Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sensing, 2000,
XXXIII (Part B7), 905–910.
Coppola, D. et al., Thermal remote sensing for global volcano
monitoring: experiences from the MIROVA system. Front. Earth
Sci., 2020, 7, 362.
Literature cited 2: Gunda, G. K. T., Chauhan, M., Ansary, M., Chauhan, P., Goud, S.,
Batham, A. and Sankaran, B., Volcanic ash modelling of Barren Island Volcano, India, using satellite data. J. Indian Soc. Remote
Sensing, 2023, 1–17.
Gunda, G. K. T. et al., Modelling of volcanic ash with HYSPLIT
and satellite observations: a case study of the 2018 Barren Island
volcano eruption event, Andaman territory, India. Curr. Sci., 2021,
121(4), 529–538
ID: 65857
Title: Sustainable fodder production in South Asia through silvopastoral systems
Author: Sumit Sow , Shivani Ranjan, Navnit Kumar , Nilanjaya , Harun Gitari , Parmeswar Dayal and Sanjay Kumar
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 126 (10) 1217-1224 25 May (2024)
Subject: Sustainable fodder production in South Asia through silvopastoral systems
Keywords: Climate change, environmental sustainability, fodder, livestock, silvopastoral system.
Abstract: Silvopasture is a farming practice involving the integration of tree and livestock grazing operations on the
same land. Intensive management of these systems enables them to generate short and long-term economic returns from forest products and forage. Silvopastoral
systems have been considered to increase efficiency
while reducing the environmental burden and extreme
ranching/animal husbandry systems. Over the past few
years, there has been a rapid accumulation of scientific
evidence supporting the role of silvopasture in meeting
the fundamental needs of not only humans but also the
animal population in the era of climate change. In
South Asian countries like India, the silvopastoral system
can be a viable option to provide balanced food as well
as shelter for the livestock. This review aims to provide
a critical and systematic evaluation of the scientific literature about the effect of different silvopasture systems
on the fodder production, environment and performance
of livestock, especially in the context of South Asia. We
conducted a search using PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science and Google Scholar to identify the
key literature on the theme. A total of 98 manuscripts
underwent a four-step PRISMA appraisal process, resulting in the final selection. This process resulted in a final
sample of 56 articles, which were used to explore the
potential for long-term improvement in fodder quality
through expanding the silvopastoral system. One of the
key conclusions is that by improving the social acceptability of these silvopastoral systems and also addressing the challenges, their economic and environmental
sustainability can be further enhanced.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: GoI, Economic Survey, Government of India, 2021–2022. 2021, p.
250; https://www.indiabudget.gov (accessed on 14 August 2023).
Naik, P. K., Swain, B. K. and Singh, N. P., Production and utilisation of hydroponics fodder. Indian J. Anim. Nu
Literature cited 2: Sangameswaran, R. and Ramesh, K., Exploring the strategies for
climate smart livestock production in India: opportunities and challenges. Climate Change Environ. Sustain., 2021, 9(1), 101–106.
Lerner, A. M., Zuluaga, A. F., Chará, J., Etter, A. and Searchinger,
T., Sustainable cattle ranching in practice: moving from theory to
planning in Colombia’s livestock sector. Environ. Manage., 2017,
60, 176–184; doi:10.1007/s00267-017-0902-8.
ID: 65856
Title: Revolutionizing agriculture: role of agricultural mechanization and global trends in farming technology
Author: Neeru Bhooshan, M. S. Raman, Sakshi Gupta, Geetika Suyal, Amarjeet Singh and Akriti Sharma
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 126 (10) 1209-1216 25 May (2024)
Subject: Revolutionizing agriculture: role of agricultural mechanization and global trends in farming technology
Keywords: Farm mechanization, IPC technologies, patents, prominent assignor, XLPAT database
Abstract: Agricultural mechanization plays a pivotal role in transforming the farming sector across the globe.
The number of patents granted in the field of agricultural mechanization hold significance as they
encourage innovation, protect intellectual property and drive technological advancements. The present study examined patents data collected from XLPAT database, wherein 500,000 records out of
which 479,010 patent grants/applications were considered. Trajectory of patents during COVID
pandemic showed there was an apparent downturn in both the quantity of patent applications submitted and the number of patents officially granted. Developed countries have exhibited varying
trends in agricultural mechanization and patent activities. China, the United States and India stand
as examples. China has rapidly adopted mechanization in its agriculture, contributing to higher
yields and efficiency. The United States has a long history of mechanized farming, and its advancements in this field have greatly impacted global agriculture. The standardization of reaping and
threshing offer better agricultural equipments by agricultural startups. Expansion of patents in farm
mechanization has led to increased productivity, resource efficiency, equity for small and marginal
holders, affordability, eco-consciousness and food security.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Afridi, F., Bishnu, M. and Mahajan, K., Gender and mechanization:
evidence from Indian agriculture. Am. J. Agric. Econ., 2023, 105,
52–75; https://doi.org/10.1111/ajae.12315.
Jha, S. N., Singh, K., Mehta, C., Kotwaliwale, N., Saxena, S.,
Shakyawar, D. and Sharma, K., Achievements in agricultural engineering in independent India. Indian Agriculture after Independence, Indian Council Agricultural Research, New Delhi, India,
2022, 1st edn, pp. 282–310.
Literature cited 2: Banerjee, S. and Punekar, R. M., A sustainability-oriented design
approach for agricultural machinery and its associated service ecosystem development. J. Clean Prod., 2020, 264, 121642; https://
doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.121642.
Mehta, C. R., Chandel, N. S. and Rajwade, Y. A., Smart farm
mechanization for sustainable Indian agriculture. Ama Agric. Mech
Asia Af., 2020, 51, 99–105; https://www.researchgate.net/publication/348234345.
ID: 65855
Title: Unveiling the importance of small-scale and seasonal wetlands: policy imperatives for groundwater sustainability in India
Author: Priyanka Sarkar Robert Luetkemeier
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 126 (10) 1206-1208 25 May (2024)
Subject: Unveiling the importance of small-scale and seasonal wetlands: policy imperatives for groundwater sustainability in India
Keywords: None
Abstract: Groundwater (GW) – the largest distributed
storage of freshwater worldwide (although
not uniformly) – accounts for approximately
99% of all the freshwater on Earth1
. In
addition to the crucial ecological and hydrological significance, GW is central to
various aspects of human development including a source of water for drinking and
other domestic uses, food production, thus
contributing to overall human well-being2
.
Globally, at least 1.7 billion people live in
areas experiencing over-exploitation of GW
and an unknown number are experiencing
problems related to lowering of the water
table, GW pollution, land surface subsidence, saltwater intrusion in coastal regions,
decoupling of GW-dependent ecosystems
and long-distance telecoupling effects3–5
.
The 2022 UN World Water Development
Report has identified intensive abstraction
as the leading cause of long-term depletion
of GW, with the Asia-Pacific region as the
largest GW abstractor worldwide
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: United Nations, The United Nations World
Water Development Report 2022 –
Groundwater: making the invisible visible.
UNESCO, Paris, 2022; https://www.unwater.org/publications/un-world-water-development-report-2022.
Velis, M., Conti, K. I. and Biermann, F.,
Sustain. Sci., 2017, 12, 1007–1017; https://
doi.org/10.1007/s11625-017-0490-9.
Literature cited 2: Gleeson, T., Wada, Y., Bierkens, M. F. P.,
and Van Beek, L. P. H., Nature, 2012, 488,
197–200; https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11295.
Lall, U., Josset, L. and Russo, T., Annu.
Rev. Environ. Resour., 2020, 45, 171–194;
https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-environ102017-025800.
ID: 65854
Title: Quantum technology for transforming healthcare in India
Author: Deepika Verma, Ravneet Kaur, Naveen and Kashmir Singh
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 126 (10) 1201-1203 25 May (2024)
Subject: Quantum technology for transforming healthcare in India
Keywords: None
Abstract: Globally quantum-based labs are actively engaged in biomedical research. Although Indian healthcare industry
is a major economic sector that has dedicated government budgets, Indian quantum healthcare initiative lags
compared to global efforts. To reap the benefits of quantum technology (QT) in healthcare, India needs a policy
framework. The key policy recommendations include allocating funds for QT based research projects, encouraging collaborations among researchers and healthcare professionals, investing in infrastructure set up, promoting public–private partnerships, developing international collaborations, efficient policies for intellectual
property protection and establishing Centers of Excellence dedicated to QT focused on healthcare. The implementation of such policies can fast-track the integration of QT into India’s healthcare system, addressing challenges and promoting innovation.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Schleich, W. P. et al., Appl. Phys. B, 2016,
122, 1–31.
Biancone, P., Secinaro, S., Marseglia, R.
and Calandra, D., Technovation, 2023,
120, 102406
Literature cited 2: Drago, C., Gatto, A., and Ruggeri, M.,
Technovation, 2023, 120, 102417.
Bison, G. et al., Appl. Phys. Lett., 2009,
95, 173701.
ID: 65853
Title: Public policy: a key factor for national prosperity and sustainability
Author: Vedpal S. Malik
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 126 (10) 1199-1200
25 May (2024)
Subject: Public policy: a key factor for national prosperity and sustainability
Keywords: None
Abstract: Science plays a crucial role in industrial and economic growth of the country, yet some countries have ineffective policies that impede their scientific progress. A country’s success hinges on its ability to cultivate education, science, technology and innovation. For instance, updating the educational curriculum to emphasize
mathematics, calculus and statistics could facilitate the advancement of artificial intelligence, a new revolution
in the making. China’s government has adopted capitalism and modernization, resulting in remarkable development. However, science also presents new challenges for legal and scientific institutions, particularly in the
fields of biology and information technology. Science does not always yield facts that everyone concurs on,
which can engender problems for the law. Therefore, law and science should collaborate to find common
ground, without generating conflicts. This can assist the public, lawmakers, judges and the policymakers in
making better decisions
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1:
Literature cited 2:
ID: 65852
Title: Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) die-back disease – a report
Author: V. Kavi Sidharthan A. Muthu Kumar
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 126 (10) 1193-1194 25 May (2024)
Subject: Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) die-back disease – a report
Keywords: None
Abstract: Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.), commonly known as ‘Indian lilac’ is an indigenous eco-friendly tree species that grows
in a wide range of climatic and edaphic
conditions and is regarded as one of the
valuable genetic resources of India1
.
Though valued for its antimicrobial properties and resistance to pathogen attack,
neem is prone to several fungal and bacterial diseases. Phomopsis azadirachtae is
the causal agent of neem die-back disease,
which was first reported by Bhat et al.
2 in
1998 in southern part of India from the
state of Karnataka. The disease is characterized by downward drying of branches
starting from the terminal region and progressive tree dying results in tree death.
Management methods were worked out
and reported; however, association of P.
azadirachtae (die-back pathogen) with tea
mosquito bug and other fungi in disease
causation remains unexplored.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Uchegbu, M., Okoli, I., Esonu, B. and Iloeje,
M., Res. J. Med. Plant, 2011, 5(3), 230–245.
Bhat, S. S. et al., Curr. Sci., 1998, 74(1),
17–19.
Literature cited 2: Fathima, S, K., Bhat, S. S. and Girish, K.,
Indian Phytopath., 2004, 57(1), 30–33.
Islas, J. F., Acosta, E., Buentello, Z. G.,
Gallegos, J. L. D., Trevino, M. G. N., Escalante, B. and Cuevas, J. E. M., J. Funct.
Foods, 2020, 74, 104171; https://doi.org/
10.1016/j.jff.2020.104171