ID: 61525
Title: Threat evaluation for biodiversity conservation of forest ecosystems using geospatial techniques: A case study of Odisha, India.
Author: C.Sudhakar Reddy, Anzar A.Khuroo, P.Hari Krishna, K.R.L.Saranya, C.S.Jha, V.K.Dadhwal.
Editor: None
Year: 2015
Publisher: Biodiversity and Conservation
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Quantification and Monitoring of Deforestation in India over Eight Decades (1930-2013) 287-303(2015)
Subject: Quantification and Monitoring of Deforestation in India Over Eight Decades
Keywords: Biodiversity, Threat, Forest ecosystem, Conservation, Geospatial.
Abstract: Up-scaling the evaluation of threat status of biodiversity from species to ecosystem level has remained for long a research challenge in global conservation science. To meet this challenge, the present study makes an attempt toward actionable conservation prescription and assigning a threat category scheme for forest ecosystems. The scheme sets the quantitative criteria for evaluation of cumulative anthropogenic threats in grid cells, such as deforestation, degradation, fragmentation, forest fires and biological invasions. Adopting the convention of IUCN, five conservation status categories (i.e. Critically Endangered, Endangered, Vulnerable, Near threatened, Least Concern) have been similarly adopted for the forest ecosystems facing these threats. The operational success of this scheme of threat categories at ecosystem level has been strengthened by remote sensing and field data generated for the forest ecosystem level has been strengthened by remote sensing and field data generated for the forest ecosystems of Odisha, India. The threat category status of the forest ecosystems were identified by creating grids (5 km x 5 km) in GIS and assigned the degree of the threats for each grid. The database on deforestation was generated using topographical maps of 1935 and remote sensing data of 1975 and 2010.The degradation in forest ecosystems have been assessed based on the change in forest canopy closure, fragmentation pattern, forest fire distribution and impact of biological invasions. The analysis for conservation priority hotspots complements an assessment of the threatened ecosystems undergoing remarkable level of multiple threats. Areas under the danger of cumulative anthropogenic threats would have a higher priority.5.8 % grids of existing forest had included under the category of conservation priority hotspot-I, followed by 12.4 % in conservation priority hotspot-II, and 12.5 % in conservation priority hotspot-III. An integrated approach involving the cumulative anthropogenic threat indicators have been found to be the most appropriate tool to empirically evaluate the threat status of forest ecosystems. Finally, identification of ecosystems especially those facing increasing extinction risks, as attempted in the presented study, can help in devising an appropriate policy and management agenda for the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity.
Location: TE15, EWRG, CES, IISc.
Literature cited 1: Adhikari, D., Barik, S.K.,Upadhayay, K., 2012.Habitat distribution modeling for reintroduction of Ilex khasiana Purk, a critically endangered tree species of northeastern India.Ecol.Eng.40, 37-43.
Cardinale, B.J., Duffy, J.E., Gonzalea, A., Hooper, D.U., Perrings, C., et al., 2012.Biodiversity loss and its impact on humanity. Nature 486, 59-67.
Literature cited 2: CBD, 1992.Conservation on Biological Diversity. Montreal.
CBD, 2011.http://www.cbd.int/climate/intro.shtml.
ID: 61524
Title: Multi-source and multi-date mapping of deforestation in Central India (1935-2010) and its implication on standing phytomass carbon pool.
Author: C.Sudhakar Reddy, G.Rajashekar, P.Hari Krishna, C.S. Jha, V.K.Dadhwal.
Editor: None
Year: 2015
Publisher: Biodiversity and Conservation
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Quantification and Monitoring of Deforestation in India over Eight Decades (1930-2013) 219-227(2015)
Subject: Quantification and Monitoring of Deforestation in India Over Eight Decades
Keywords: Deforestation, Phytomass, Carbon pool, Geospatial, Central India.
Abstract: Information on the historical distribution of Indian forest cover change and carbon stocks is scarce and far from comprehensive. Geospatial methods were used to study changes in forest cover and above ground carbon stocks over seven decades in Central India, which covers over a tenth of India (13.5 %) and accounts for almost a fifth of its forest cover (19.27%).Changes in the above ground phytomass carbon pool were computed. There is a significant contribution of deforestation to the reduction in the C pool. The overall loss of forest cover was 2.5 Mha (16%), while the reduction in carbon stock was 343.5 Tg C (42 %) since 1935.The overall rate of deforestation in Central India (0.23 from 1935 to2010), has been on decline in recent years. In order to increase the amount of carbon accumulation, open forests which are occupying about 45.8 % of forest area must be considered for improvement of carbon stocks. The above results indicate that the forests of central India could act as important carbon sinks in India.
Location: TE15, EWRG, CES, IISc.
Literature cited 1: Brown S., Gillespie, A.J.R., Lugo, A.E. 1989. Phytomass estimation methods for tropical forests with applications to forest inventorydata.For.Sci.35, 881-902.
Champion, H.G., Seth, S.K., 1968.A revised Survey of Forest Types of India. Manager Publications, Government of India, New Delhi.
Literature cited 2: Chavez, P.S., 1996.Image-based atmospheric corrections-revisited and improved.Photogramm.Eng.Remote Sens.62, 1025-1036.
Chhabra, A., Dadhwal, V.K., 2004.Assessment of major pools and fluxes of carbon in Indian forests.Clim.Change 64, 341-360.
ID: 61523
Title: Nationwide classification of forest types of India using remote sensing and GIS.
Author: C.Sudhakar Reddy, C.S. Jha, P.G. Diwakar, V.K. Dadhwal.
Editor: None
Year: 2015
Publisher: Biodiversity and Conservation
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Quantification and Monitoring of Deforestation in India over Eight Decades (1930-2013) 1-30(2015)
Subject: Quantification and Monitoring of Deforestation in India Over Eight Decades
Keywords: Vegetation, Land cover, Forest type, Mapping, Classification, Remote sensing, India.
Abstract: Vegetation classification is prerequisite for understanding carbon stocks, biodiversity, sustainable use of natural resources and global change. The vegetation types reflect all the structural and functional attributes of vegetation in relation to the regional and local climate and thus necessitates incorporation of large number of inputs that are too spatially explicit. Although the biological systems are organized hierarchically from the molecular to the ecosystems make the classification of vegetation more complex.
The first global classification system of ecological types predictable from climate was the system of life zones (Holdridge 1947). Mueller-Dombois and Ellenberg (1974) developed the conceptual basis for classification that simplifies the complexity of vegetation. They proposed physiognomy as the key decisive characteristic for recognition of a vegetation type, i.e. the dominance of certain growth forms such as trees, shrubs and grasses. Subsequently, Westhoff and van der Maarel (1978) suggested for the integration of floristic composition with physiognomy and environmental characteristics in the classification of vegetation types. In fact, the vegetation is a sensible concept only at a certain scale of observation, i.e. the scale at which it is possible to judge the relative uniformity and distinctness. Accordingly, this spatial scale will vary with the structure of the vegetation from some m2 to several thousand m2 (van der Maarel 2005).
Location: TE15, EWRG, CES, IISc.
Literature cited 1: Anderson, J.R., Hardy, E.E., Roach, J.T., & Witmer, R.E. (1976). A land use and land cover classification system for use with remote sensor data.U.S.Geological Survey Professional Paper 964, USGS, USA.http://landcover.usgs.gov/pdf/Anderson.pdf.
Banger, K., Tian, H.Q., & Tao, B. (2013).Contemporary land cover and land use patterns estimated by different regional and global datasets in India. Journal of Land Use Science.doi:10.1080/1747423X.2013.858786.
Literature cited 2: Bartholome, E., & Belward, A.S. (2005).GLC2000: a new approach to global land cover mapping from Earth observation data. International Journal of Remote Sensing. 26 (9), 1959-1977.
Bontemps, S., Defourny, P., Bogaert, E.V., Arino, O., Kalogirou, V. & Perez, J.R. (2011).GLOBCOVER 2009: Products Description and Validation Report (ESA and UCLouvain).
http://ionia 1 esrin.esa.int/docs/GLOBCOVER2009 (accessed on 14th November 2013).
ID: 61522
Title: Quantification and monitoring of deforestation in India over eight decades (1930-2013).
Author: C.Sudhakar Redddy, C.S.Jha, V.K.Dadhwal, P.Hari Krishna, S.Vazeed Pasha, K.V. Satish, Kalloli Dutta, K.R.L.Saranya, F.Rakesh, G.Rajashekar, P.G.Diwakar.
Editor: None
Year: 2015
Publisher: Biodiversity and Conservation
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Quantification and Monitoring of Deforestation in India over Eight Decades (1930-2013) 1-24 (2015)
Subject: Quantification and Monitoring of Deforestation in India Over Eight Decades
Keywords: Deforestation, Monitoring, Forest, Conservation, Remote sensing, India.
Abstract: There is still large uncertainty over the status of global forest cover owing to the paucity of comprehensive and holistic studies related to long term forest cover change. The aim of the present work is to prepare a nation-wide multi-date forest cover database which describes and quantifies historical and recent changes in natural forests of India. This analysis facilitated the determination of the state of Indian forest cover changes over last eight decades. Here, we have mapped the total are under forest cover, evaluated the spatial tracking of changes in natural forests, estimated the rate of deforestation and afforestation, analysed the biogeographic zone wise and state wise forest cover change, existing land use in deforested area, influence of environmental factors such as terrain on deforestation and implication of different definitions of forest used by agencies reporting deforestation in India. The results indicated that forests covered an area of 869,012 km2 in 1930 which has decreased 625, 565 km2 in 2013, a net loss of 243, 447 km2 (28 %) in eight decades. The highest annual average forest loss was found to be 4795 km2 during 1930-1975, 1476 km2 during 1975-1985, 767 km2 during 1985-1995, 356 km2 during 1995-2005 and 209 km2 during 2005-2013.Between 1930 and 1975, forest experienced large scale deforestation at gross annual rate of 0.77 % which has declined to 0.29 % and 0.14 % for the 1975-1985 and 1985-1995 periods respectively. Quantification of annual rate of gross deforestation for the recent period indicates 0.07 % during 1995-2005 and 0.05 % during 2005-2013.The lower rates of deforestation during recent period support effectiveness of conservation measures taken at national level. It was found that deforestation rate has decreased in many biogeographic zones by 2005, except for Andaman & Nicobar Islands and North Est. The major deforestation has mostly occurred due to conversion of forests to agriculture. The construction of reservoirs contributed to 4.1 % of forest loss. The tropical forests have experienced large scale deforestation followed by subtropical forests. The findings of the study will be useful to prioritize conservation and protection of forest cover at the regional level. It shall also provide a base for future research on the impacts of deforestation on carbon flux and biodiversity.
Location: TE15, EWRG, CES, IISc.
Literature cited 1: Aggarwal A, Das S, Paul, V (2009) Is India ready to implement REDD Plus-A preliminary assessment. The Energy Research Institute (TERI), for COP 15:2-15.
Brroks TM, Mittermeier RA, da Fonseca GAB, Gerlach J, Hoffmann M, Lamoreux JF, Mittermeier CG, Pilgrim JD, Rodrigues ASL (2006) Global biodiversity conservation priorities. Science 313:58-61
Literature cited 2: Chavez PS (1996) Image-based atmospheric corrections-revisited and improved.Photogramm Eng Remote Sens 62: 1025-1036.
Chhabra A, Dadhwal VK (2004) Assessment of major pools and fluxes of carbon in Indian Forests. Clim Change 64: 341-360.
ID: 61521
Title: Conservation of Fragmented Forests in Banavasi Range, Sirsi Forest Division, Kanara Circle.
Author: Ramachandra T V, Subhash Chandran M. D, Rao G R
Editor: Ramachandra T V.
Year: 2016
Publisher: EWRG, CES
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Sahyadri Conservation Series - 50, ETR 97
Subject: None
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: TE15, EWRG, CES, IISc.
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 61520
Title: Rejuvenation & Sustainable Management of Gokarna Temple Pond - Kotiteertha
Author: Ramachandra T V, Durga Madhab Mahapatra, Subhash Chandran M. D, Sincy V, Asulabha K S, Rao G R, Vishnu D Mukhri, Akhil C A.
Editor: Ramachandra T V.
Year: 2016
Publisher: EWRG, CES
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Sahyadri Conservation Series - 52, ETR 99
Subject: None
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: TE15, EWRG, CES, IISc.
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 61519
Title: Biodiversity in India
Author: Ramachandra T V
Editor: None
Year: 2016
Publisher: None
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: None
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: TE15, EWRG, CES, IISc.
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 61518
Title: Rejuvenation and Sustainable Management of Gokarna Temple Pond - Kotiteertha
Author: Ramachandra T V, Durga Madhab Mahapatra, Subhash Chandran M D, Sincy V, Asulabha K S, Rao G R, Vishnu D Mukhri, Akhil C A.
Editor: Ramachandra T V
Year: 2015
Publisher: EWRG,CES, IISc
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Sahyadri Conservation Series 52, ETR 97, Oct 2015
Subject: Rejuvenation and Sustainable Management of Gokarna Temple Pond - Kotiteertha
Keywords: temple pond, water qualilty, algae, macrophytes, rituals, primary productivity.
Abstract: Kotiteertha or temple pond with daily sacraments constitute the vital ecosystem linking the culture with the society in India. The sharp increase of devotees performing rituals within and around the temple premises in the last decade, and lack of regular maintenance of temple pond has led to the eutrophication.
Location: TE15, EWRG, CES, IISc.
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 61517
Title: Conservation of Fragmented Forests in Banavasi Range,Sirsi Forest Division, Kanara Circle.
Author: Subhash Chandran M D, Rao G R, Ramachandra T V.
Editor: Ramachandra T V
Year: 2015
Publisher: EWRG,CES, IISc
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Sahyadri Conservation Series 50, ETR 97, July 2015
Subject: Conservation of Fragmented Forests in Banavasi Range,Sirsi Forest Division, Kanara Circle.
Keywords: Kans, Western Ghats, sustainable management, forest fragmentation, Conservation, Fragmented Forests in Banavasi Range,Sirsi Forest Division, Kanara Circle., Karnataka
Abstract: In the pre-colonial times, when the forests were under the virtual control of village communities, especially along the eastern fringes of Western Ghats, in eastern Sirsi and Siddapur, in the taluks of Sorab, Sagar Thirthahalli etc. in Shimoga district, there were well developed, self-sustaining agro-forestry systems under the practical control of the village communities.
Location: TE15, EWRG, CES, IISc.
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 61516
Title: Flora of Bangalore District
Author: S V Ramaswamy, B A Razi
Editor: Robert F Thorne
Year: 2015
Publisher: Prasararanga, University of Mysore, Kapila Power Press, Nanjangud, Mysore
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: 1973, pp 1-740
Subject: Flora of Bangalore District
Keywords: Flora of Bangalore District, Flora, Bangalore, Karnataka
Abstract: None
Location: TE15, EWRG, CES, IISc.
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 61515
Title: Additions to Flowers fo Sahyadri
Author: Shrikanth Ingalhalikar.
Editor: None
Year: 2014
Publisher: Corolla Publications
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: 2015
Subject: Additions to Flowers of Sahyadri - Field Guide
Keywords: Flowers of Sahyadri, North Western Ghats, Karnataka, India.
Abstract: Additions to Flowers of Sahyadri - Field Guide to 800 Flowers of North Western Ghats of India.
Location: Field Station Kumta
Literature cited 1:
Literature cited 2:
ID: 61514
Title: Further Flowers of Sahyadri
Author: Shrikanth Ingalhalikar.
Editor: None
Year: 2015
Publisher: Corolla Publications
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: 2007
Subject: Further Flowers of Sahyadri - Field Guide
Keywords: Flowers of Sahyadri, North Western Ghats, Karnataka, India.
Abstract: Further Flowers of Sahyadri - Field Guide to 1200 Flowers of North Western Ghats of India.
Location: Field Station Kumta
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 61513
Title: Flowers of Sahyadri
Author: Shrikanth Ingalhalikar.
Editor: None
Year: 2015
Publisher: Corolla Publications
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: 2012
Subject: Flowers of Sahyadri - Field Guide
Keywords: Flowers of Sahyadri, North Western Ghats, Karnataka, India.
Abstract: Flowers of Sahyadri - Field Guide to 600 Flowers of North Western Ghats of India.
Location: Field Station Kumta
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 61512
Title: OASYS South Asia Project Brightens Up Remote Areas.
Author: Debajit Palit.
Editor: Dr. Arun K. Tripathi
Year: 2015
Publisher: Ministry of New and Renewable Energy.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Akshay Urja (Renewable energy) Vol. 8 (5). 36-39 (2015)
Subject: Renewable Energy
Keywords: OASYS, South Asia, Project, Remote areas
Abstract: The problem of electricity access requires solutions which are techno-economically viable, institutionally feasible, socio-politically acceptable, and a conscientious and collective effort aiming to improve quality of life of the energy impoverished population. The ' off-grid Access Systems for South Asia(OASYS South Asia) project implemented by The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI) and a consortium of research partners led by De Montfort University, UK, aimed to develop a systematic analysis and research foundation in order to find appropriate local solutions for sustainable rural electricity supply. As part of the OASYS project, an important component was to develop an off-grid delivery model framework and implementation of demonstration project (s), covering un-electrified villages, to test the framework.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 61511
Title: Newly Designed Biogas Plants in Central Gujarat Use Less Water.
Author: Samir Vahora and M Shyam
Editor: Dr. Arun K. Tripathi
Year: 2015
Publisher: Ministry of New and Renewable Energy.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Akshay Urja (Renewable energy) Vol. 8 (5). 32-35 (2015)
Subject: Renewable Energy
Keywords: Newly Designed Biogas Plants, Central Gujarat, Use less Water.
Abstract: So far, more than four million family-sized biogas plants have been installed in the countryside under ' National Programme on Biogas Development an Manure Management, ' which is being implemented by the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) for the last about three decades. The biogas thus produced is used for cooking and other domestic thermal applications and the digested slurry is reused in the fields for crop production. Cattle dung of 25 kg/m3/d rated biogas capacity is charged everyday into these plants. Before feeding, the cattle dung is required to be thoroughly mixed with equal quantity of water. The most common fixed-dome type biogas plant design, i.e., Deenbandhu, has been successfully modified by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) for digestion of cattle dung in near-solid state, i.e., fresh cattle dung may be directly fed in to the plant of the modified design.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None