Enter records

ID: 61780
Title: A hyperspectral index sensitive to subtle changes in the canopy chlorophyll content under arsenic stress.
Author: Xuqing Li, Xiangnan Liu, Meiling Liu, Cuicui Wang, Xiaopeng Xia.
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2015
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. Vol. 36 41-53 (2015).
Subject: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation
Keywords: Canopy chlorophyll content, Random forest, Arsenic stress-sensitive index.
Abstract: Arsenic stress induces in subtle changes in the canopy chlorophyll content (CCC). Therefore, the establishment of a spectral index that is sensitive to subtle changes in the CCC is important for monitoring crop arsenic contamination in large areas by remote sensing. Experimental sites with three contamination levels were selected and were located in Chang Chun City, Jilin Province, China. Arsenic stress can induce small changes in the CCC, reflecting in the crop spectrum. This study created a new index to monitor the CCC. Then, the results from the index were compared with these from other indices and the random forest model, respectively. The final purpose of this study is to find an optimal index, which is sensitive to small changes in the CCC under arsenic stress for monitoring regional CCC in rice. The results indicate that the distribution of the CCC is aligned with the distribution of the arsenic stress level and that NVI (R640, R732, and R752) is the best index for monitoring CCC. The correlation coefficient R2 between the predicted values using NVI and the measured values of canopy chlorophyll content is 0.898, which performs better than the random forest model and other indices.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Babar, M.A., Reynolds ,M.P.,VanGinkel, M.,Klatt, A.R.,Raun,W.R., Stone, M.L.,2006.Spectral reflectance to estimate genetic variation for in-season biomass, leaf chlorophyll, and canopy temperature in wheat.CropSci.46 (3), 1046-1057. Breiman, L., 1996a.Bagging predictors.Mach.Learn.24 (2), 123-140.
Literature cited 2: Breiman, L., 1996b.Heuristics of instability and stabilization in model selection.Ann.Stat.24 (6), 2350-2383. Breiman, L., 1996c.Stacked regressions.Mach.Learn24 (1), 49-64.

ID: 61779
Title: Monitoring the impact of aerosol contamination on the drought-induced decline of gross primary productivity.
Author: Yao Zhang, Weizhong Li, Qiuan Zhu, Huai Chen, Xiuqin Fang, Tinglong Zhang, Pengxiang Zhao, Changhui Peng.
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2015
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. Vol. 36 30-40 (2015).
Subject: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation
Keywords: Aerosol, Cloud, Atmospheric contamination, Vegetation response, Fire disturbance, Quality flag.
Abstract: Southwestern China experienced a period of severe drought from September 2009 to May 2010.It led to widespread decline in the enhanced vegetation index (EVI) and gross primary productivity(GPP) in the springtime of 2010 (March to May).However, this study observed a spatial inconsistency between drought-impacted vegetation decline and the precipitation deficit. Significant aerosol loads that correspond to inconsistent areas were also observed during the drought period. After analyzing both MODIS GPP/NPP Collection 5 (C5) and the newer Collection 5.5 (C55) data, a large area observed to be experiencing GPP decline in the eastern part of the study area proved to be unreliable. Based on EVI data, after atmospherically contaminated data were screened from analysis, approximately 20 % of the study are exhibited browning whereas 33% displayed no change or greening and the remaining area (approximately 47 %) lacked sufficient data to document changing conditions. Correlation analysis showed that fire, occurrences, aerosol optical depth, and precipitation anomalies during the two drought periods (from September to February and from March to May) all contributed to a decrease in GPP.C55 data remains vulnerable to aerosol contamination due to a much higher correlation coefficient with aerosol optical depth compared to C5 data. In the future, users of remotely sensed data should be cautious of and take into account impacts related to atmospheric contamination, even during drought periods.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Allen, C.D., Macalady, A.K., Chenchouni, H., Bachelet, D., McDowell, N., Vennetier, M., Kitzberger, T., Rigling ,A., Breshears, D.D.,Hogg ,E.H., Gonzalez, P., Fensham, R., Zhang, Z., Castro, J., Demidova, N., Lim, J.-H, Allard, G., Running, S.W., Semerci, A., Cobb, N., 2010.A global overview of drought and heat-induced tree mortality reveals emerging climate change risks for forests. Forest Ecol.Manage.259, 660-684. Aragao, L.E.O.C., Malhi, Y., Roman-Cuesta, R.M., Saatchi, S., Anderson, I.O., Shimabukuro, Y.E., 2007.Spatial patterns and fire response of recent Amazonian droughts.Geophys.Res.Lett, 34.
Literature cited 2: Bhuiyan, C., Singh, R., Kogan, F., 2006.Monitoring drought dynamics in the Aravalli region (India) using different indices based on ground and remote sensing data.Int.J.Appl.Earth Obs.Geoinf.8, 289-302. Bonan, G.B., 2008.Forests and climate change: forcings, feedbacks, and the climate benefits of forests. Science 320, 1444-1449.

ID: 61778
Title: Retrieval of tea polyphenol at leaf level using spectral transformation and multi-variate statistical approach.
Author: Dibyendu Dutta, Prabir Kumar Das, Uttam Kumar Bhunia, Upasana Singh, Shalini Singh, Jaswant Raj Sharma, Vinay Kumar Dadhwal.
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2015
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. Vol. 36 22-29 (2015).
Subject: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation
Keywords: Tea polyphenol, Hyperspectral, Discriminant analysis, Stepwise multiple linear regression, Partial least square regression, Principal component analysis.
Abstract: In the present study, field based hyperspectral data was used to estimate the tea (Camellia sinensis L).Polyphenol at Deha Tea garden of Assam state, India. Leaf reflectance spectra were first filtered for noise and then transformed into normalized and first derivative reflectance for further analysis. Stepwise discriminant analysis was carried out to select sensitive bands for a range of polyphenol concentration by minimizing the effects of other factors such as age of the bushes and management practices. The wave-lengths at 358, 369, 484, 845, 916, 1387, 1420, 1435, 1621 and 2294 nm were identified as sensitive to tea polyphenol, among which 2294 nm was found to be the most recurring band. The noise removed selected bands, their transformed derivatives and principal components were regressed with the tea polyphenol using univariate and milti-variate analysis. In univariate analysis the correlation was very poor with RMSE more than multi-varite analysis. In univariate analysis the correlation was very poor with RMSE more than 3.0.A significant improvement in R2 values were observed when multivariate analyses like stepwise multiple linear regression (SMLR) and partial least square regression (PLSR) was carried out. The PLSR of first derivative reflectance was most accurate (R2=0.81 and RMSE =1.39 mg g-1) among all the uni-and multivariate analysis for predicting the polyphenol of fresh tea leaves.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: An, H., Gu, L., 1989.Fast stepwise procedures of selection of variables by using AIC and BIC criteria.Acta Math.Appl.Sin.Engl.Ser. 5 (1), 60-67. Basu Majumder, A., Bera, B., Rajan, A., 2010.Tea statistics: global scenario.Inc.J.Tea Sci.8 (1), 121-124.
Literature cited 2: Bian, M., Skidmore, A.K., Schlerf,M., Wang, T., Liu, Y., Zeng, R., Fei, T., 2013.Predicting foliar biochemistry of tea (Camellia sinensis) using reflectance spectra measured at powder, leaf and canopy levels.ISPRS J.Photogram.Rem.Sens.78, 148-156. Bolster, K.L., Martin, M.E., Aber, J.D., 1996.Determination of carbon fraction and nitrogen concentration in tree foliage by near infrared reflectances: a comparison of statistical methods.Can.J.For.Res.26, 590-600.

ID: 61777
Title: Assessing the potential of MODIS/Terra version 5 images to improve near shore lake bathymetric surveys.
Author: Essayas K.Ayana, William D.Philpot, Assefa M.Melesse, Tammo S.Steenhuis.
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2015
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. Vol. 36 13-21 (2015).
Subject: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation
Keywords: Lake monitoring, EWI, Lake Tana, MODIS.
Abstract: Estimation of storage volume of inland water bodies is made using bathymetric surveys. Such surveys are often terminated far inward from shores due to operational limitations. The gap is depth data for the shore area is often overcome by extrapolating the established volume-area relationship beyond the survey boundary. This introduces large errors in volume estimation. In this study, the potential of the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer MODIS version-5 images to improve an existing bathymetric model is assessed over Lake Tana, Ethiopia. MODIS images are used to generate a new bathymetric model of the unsurveyed shore. The new model is validated through its ability to reproduce measured lake levels. The result is compared with lake level estimates made from an existing bathymetric survey. Results showed that MODIS improved bathymetric model reproduced lake water level with a RMSE of 0.14 m as compared to 0.82 m using the existing bathymetric model. The Mean Absolute Error (MAE) has also improved from 0.78 m to 0.13 m. These results suggest that despite their unavailability on cloudy days, MODIS images provide significant advantages for improving bathymetric models.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Adam, E., Mutanga, O., 2009.Spectral discrimination of papyrus vegetation (Cyperus papyrus L) in swamp wetlands using field spectrometry.ISPRSJ.Photogram.Remote Sens.64, 612-620. Aman, A., Randiamanantena, H.P., Podaire, A., Frouin, R., 1992.Upscale integration of normalized difference vegetation index: the problem of spatial heterogeneity.IEE Trans.Geosci.Remote Sens.30, 326-338.
Literature cited 2: Ayana, E.K, (Master ' s thesis) 2007.Validation of radar altimetry lake level data and its application in water resource management. In: International Institute for Geo-information Science and Earth Observation, Enschede, 86p. Burrough, P.A., McDonnell, R.A., McDonnell, R., 1998.Principles of Geographical Information Systems. Oxford University Press, Oxford.

ID: 61776
Title: Land surface temperature as potential indicator of burn severity in forest Mediterranean ecosystems.
Author: C.quintano, A.fernandez-Manso, L.Calvo, E.Marcos, L.Valbuena.
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2015
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. Vol. 36 1-12 (2015).
Subject: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation
Keywords: Landsat, Land surface temperature (LST), Burn severity, Composite Burn Index (CBI).
Abstract: Forest fires are one of the most important causes of environmental alteration in Mediterranean countries. Discrimination of different degrees of burn severity is critical for improving management of fire-affected areas. This paper aims to evaluate the usefulness of land surface temperature (LST) as potential indicator of burn severity. We used a large convention-dominated wildfire, which occurred on 19-21 September, 2012 in Northwestern Spain. From this area a 1-year series of six LST images were generated from Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM+) data using a single channel algorithm. Further, the Composite Burn Index (CBI) was measured in 111 field plots to identify the burn severity level (low, moderate, and high).Evaluation of the potential relationship between post-fire LST and ground measured CBI was performed by both correlation analysis and regression models. Correlation coefficients were higher in the immediate post-fire LST images, but decreased during the fall of 2012 and increased again with a second maximum value in summer, 2013. A linear regression model between post-fire LST and CBI allowed us to represent spatially predicted CBI (R-squaredadj>85 %).After performing an analysis of variance (ANOVA) between post-fire LST and CBI, a Fisher ' s least significant difference test determined that two burn severity levels (low-moderate and high) could be statistically distinguished. The identification of such burn severity levels is sufficient and useful to forest managers. We conclude that summer post-fire LST from moderate resolution satellite data may be considered as a valuable indicator of burn severity for large fires in Mediterranean forest ecosystems.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Alexander, J.D., Seavy, N.E., Ralph, C.J., Hogoboom, B.,2006.Vegetation and topographical correlates of fire severity from two fires in the Klamath-Siskiyou region of 0region and California.Int.J.Wildland Fire 15, 237-245. Allen, J.L., Sorbel, B., 2008.Assessing the differenced normalized burn ratio ' s ability to map burn severity in the boreal forest and tundra ecosystems of Alaska ' s national parks.Int.J.Wildland Fire 17, 463-475.
Literature cited 2: Barrett, K., Ksischke, E.S.,Mcguire, A.D., Turetsky, M.R., Kane, E.S., 2010.Modeling fire severity in black spruce stands in the Alaskan boreal forest using spectral and non-spectral geospatial data. Remote Sens.Environ.114, 1494-1503. Benmechet, A., Abdellaoui, A., Hamou, A., 2013.A comparative study of land surface temperature retrieval methods from remote sensing data.Can.J.Remote Sens.39, 59-73.

ID: 61775
Title: Temporal Shifts inefficiency and Linkages of the Energy Sectors in India.
Author: Gautam Negi and Shri Prakash
Editor: P K Bhattacharya
Year: 2015
Publisher: Dr. R K Pachauri.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: TIDEE Vol.14 (3) 317-328 (2015)
Subject: TERI information Digest on Energy and Environment.
Keywords: Energy resources, Consumption, Efficiency, Linkages.
Abstract: Energy resources are the drivers of modern economic development. It is a critical input in most production processes, its demand in the Indian economy outstrips its supply, and hence, its inefficient use can push input prices upwards and add to inflation. In view of its importance, the paper focuses on the temporal variations in inter-and intra-sector consumption of energy resources, temporal variations in energy efficiency of the sectors and the linkages of the energy sectors with other sectors. The energy sectors considered are coal and lignite, crude petroleum, and natural gas and electricity. The input-Output tables of 1993-94, 1998-99, 2003-04, and 2007-08 are used. For comparison, the matrices are converted to 60 x 60 and the values are converted to constant prices at 2004-05.The results of analysis show the changing energy basket used in production, highlights the more and less energy-efficient sectors and the linkages of the energy sectors with other sectors of the Indian economy.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Government of India.2014.?Energy Statistics? Central Statistics Office, New Delhi Hirschman A O.1957.The Strategy of Economic Development. Yale University Press, New Haven.
Literature cited 2: International Energy Agency.2014.Key World Energy Statistics.Chirat, France, Paris. Laumas P S.1976.The Weighting problem in testing the linkage hypothesis. The Quarterly Journal of Economics 90 (2): 308-12.

ID: 61774
Title: Interview with Jeff Prins, Programme Manager at the DOEN Foundation
Author: -Interview
Editor: Steven Hunt
Year: 2015
Publisher: Hedon (Household Energy Network)
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Boiling point issue 67 22-23 (2015)
Subject: Boiling Point
Keywords: DOEN Foundation
Abstract: Jeff Prins is the programme Manager at the Dutch organization-the DOEN Foundation. The DOEN Foundation believes that a green, socially-inclusive and creative society is possible because the world is full of committed entrepreneurs with sustainable, cultural socially-engaged initiatives. The foundation supports people who have the courage to take risks and put their often pioneering ideas into practice by providing financial support and connecting them with like-minded entrepreneurs in the sector. The DOEN Foundation also works to combat climate change by focusing on reducing CO2 emissions through the financing of initiatives in the Netherlands as well as initiatives focused on access to sustainable energy in India and East Africa. Boiling point editors talk to Jeff about the Foundation ' s work in decentralized renewable energy and the role of philanthropy in providing much need finance to energy access projects worldwide.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None

ID: 61773
Title: Interview with Akon, Co-Founder of Akon Lighting Africa.
Author: -Interview
Editor: Steven Hunt
Year: 2015
Publisher: Hedon (Household Energy Network)
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Boiling point issue 67 10-11 (2015)
Subject: Boiling Point
Keywords: Akon Lighting Africa
Abstract: International music artist Akon, along with his two partners, joined the access to energy sector in 2014 by launching Akon Lighting Africa, an initiative to provide solar power to millions of people in Africa who do not have access to electricity. Recognising that a large proportion of Africa ' s unelectrified population live in rural areas, the initiative is rolling out decentralized solar delivery models to meet this challenge. After meeting Akon at the recent UN Sustainable Energy for All Forum in New York, Karima Hirji from Bioling Point talks to Akon to find out what this initiative is really all about.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: ARE, 2011.Hybrid Mini-grids for Rural Electrification: Lessons Learnt.Alliance of Rural Electrification, USAID: Brussels. Bhattacharya, S., 2013.Financing energy access and off-grid electrification: A review of status, options and challenges. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Volume 20, p. 462-472.
Literature cited 2: Bulusar, S. et al., 2014.50 Breakthroughs: Critical scientific and technological advancement needed for sustainable global development. Institute for Globally Transformative Technologies. Lawrence Berkeley National Lab: Berkeley. Dalberg Group, 2015.The Business Case for Off-Grid Energy in India. The Climate Group.

ID: 61772
Title: Aggregating micro-grid and nano-grid projects to scale off-grid solar: A practitioner ' s perspective.
Author: Sandeep Giri and Anjal Niraula.
Editor: Steven Hunt
Year: 2015
Publisher: Hedon (Household Energy Network)
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Boiling point issue 67 18-21 (2015)
Subject: Boiling Point
Keywords: Aggregating, micro-grid, nano-grid, projects, scale, off-grids, solar, practitioner ' s perspective.
Abstract: Despite solar being an ideal solution for energy access in off-grid communities, the common deployment models of solar lanterns and small home systems have not quite achieved the type of scale seen in the grid-tied sector. Mini-grids and micro-grids are promising deployment models for scale as they serve a much higher number of customers per installation. Beginning in 2013, Gham Power initiated a number of pilot projects in Nepal to test the feasibility of this model. These experiences led to a focus on two specific configurations-a micro-grid model to power entire villages or communities of 100 or more households each, with majority of the load coming from anchor tenants; and a nano-grid model for communities of 20-30 households in a cluster, powering only predefined direct current (DC) loads. These projects have large environmental gains. The project ' s three micro-grids, for example, replace 4546 KL of potential diesel and kerosene usage, curbing 41 tons of CO2 emissions per year. Since individual micro-grid sizes are still relatively small, project aggregation is a must in order to bring institutional investment to these projects. To achieve this, the authors call for the provision of open standards-based tools and templates from off-grid project development.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: ARE, 2011.Hybrid Mini-grids for Rural Electrification: Lessons Learnt.Alliance of Rural Electrification, USAID: Brussels. Bhattacharya, S., 2013.Financing energy access and off-grid electrification: A review of status, options and challenges. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Volume 20, p. 462-472.
Literature cited 2: Bulusar, S. et al., 2014.50 Breakthroughs: Critical scientific and technological advancement needed for sustainable global development. Institute for Globally Transformative Technologies. Lawrence Berkeley National Lab: Berkeley. Dalberg Group, 2015.The Business Case for Off-Grid Energy in India. The Climate Group.

ID: 61771
Title: Modern design principles for investable village power projects.
Author: Stewart Alexander Craine.
Editor: Steven Hunt
Year: 2015
Publisher: Hedon (Household Energy Network)
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Boiling point issue 67 14-17 (2015)
Subject: Boiling Point
Keywords: Modern, design, principles, investable, village, power, projects.
Abstract: The article revisits a 15-year-old Boiling Point article, which explored village electrification cost reductions that could be achieved by banning the use of incandescent bulbs and utilising compact fluorescent lamps (CFL) and light emitting diode (LED) lighting technologies. These so-called ' expensive ' lamps reduce power generation from 100 W per house to 5-30 W per house, saving 30-50 % in lighting cost-per household but increasing the cost per kW. The article explores Nepal ' s current subsidy policies, which still discriminate against efficient designs and non-reticulated power systems, such as solar home systems and centralized soar charging stations, as compared to mini-grid costs. The former (non-reticulated power systems) average US $ 25-50/W of LED lighting while mini-grids have a minimum cost of US $ 50 per house and reticulation wiring costs of US$1-2/m. As households in Nepal are often spaced 30 metres apart, it is concluded that non-reticulated designs should be used for up to 3W of LED lighting per house, while mini-grids are more cost-effective when demand exceeds 3W per house and house spacing does not exceed 15m/W of demand. Payback periods for mini-grids are estimated at 2-10 years with longer payback periods in South Asia than Africa or the Pacific. Investor tolerance for risk is limited to 1-3 years and hence dominates which technology can be applied. A staged approach to investing in village mini-grids, using an initial non-reticulated system to install lamps and house-wiring first, followed by an investment in reticulation later, would ' build the grid backwards ' and help manage investors ' perceived risks.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Alibaba, 2013.Other Lights and Lighting Products-TATA JUGNU home lighting system. Available from:www.alibaba.com/product-free. Alternate Energy Promotion Centre, 2013.Subsidy Policy for Renewable Energy, 2069 BS February 2013.Available from www.apec.gov.np/
Literature cited 2: Irvine-Halliday, D., Craine, S., 2000.Demand side management for rural Nepal. Boiling Pont, Issue 45, pp.14-16. Frontier India, 2013.Philips launches exorbitantly priced LED bulb in India. Available from http://frontierindia.net/

ID: 61770
Title: Powering Myanmar: Brighterlite ' s solar home systems.
Author: Jorund Buen
Editor: Steven Hunt
Year: 2015
Publisher: Hedon (Household Energy Network)
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Boiling point issue 67 7-9 (2015)
Subject: Boiling Point
Keywords: Powering, Myanmar, Brighterlite ' s, Solar home systems.
Abstract: Brighterlite has started a distribution of solar home systems in Myanmar, using a fee-for -service business model. Only-one-fourth of Myanmar ' s population has grid access today and mobile networks have developed much quicker than the electricity grid has expanded. The off-grid mobile charging delivered by Brighterlite is therefore in demand. The business concept solves two major problems for customers at an attractive price: the risk related to buying poor and cheap equipment, and the large investment barrier for buying high-quality equipment. Brighterlite estimates that each solar home system will reduce around 0.5 tons of carbon dioxide emissions per year, if kerosene use is the baseline, and many households will reduce or stop using kerosene, a petroleum product, for lighting. With 7-9 % of the kerosene converted to almost pure black carbon (a highly potent greenhouse gas with a global warming potential 3200 times that of CO2 over a 20-year horizon).Brighterlite ' s solution will also substantially reduce environmental and health impacts of households ' energy use.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Asian Development Bank, 2014.Scoping Off-Grid Renewable Energy Opportunities in Myanmar: Report for the Government of Myanmar. Available from:www.energyforall.info/wp-content/ Alstone, P., Lai, P., Mills, E., Jacobson, A., 2014.High Life Cycle Efficacy Explains Fast Energy Payback for Improved Off-Grid Lighting Systems. Journal of Industrial Ecology.
Literature cited 2: None

ID: 61769
Title: Catalysing decentralized renewable energy market transformation: The Bijli experience.
Author: Jarnail Singh
Editor: Steven Hunt
Year: 2015
Publisher: Hedon (Household Energy Network)
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Boiling point issue 67 2-6 (2015)
Subject: Boiling Point
Keywords: Catalysing, decentralized, renewable energy, market transformation, Bijli experience.
Abstract: Access to clean energy has clearly emerged as a focus of the global development community in the recent past. At the same time, the market for decentralized renewable energy (DRE) has grown at an unprecedented pace and thus holds momentous promise for universal energy access. Access to finance is widely accepted as a major challenge given that the private sector views decentralized energy as much riskier than other alternative, straightforward investment options. This article presents the experiences from Bijli-Clean Energy for All initiative that has demonstrated the use of grants to catalyse financial and institutional innovation among existing stakeholders within the Indian DRE sector. The programme has supported different delivery models to implement innovative financing mechanisms including end-user financing, trade-financing, working capital as well as debt collateralization. The article identifies access to affordable debt as key bottleneck in scaling up energy access through DRE. The author highly recommends creation of a futuristic and innovative debt financing facility that would energy as the go-to agency for India ' s DRE financing needs in the future.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None

ID: 61768
Title: Decentralised Energy and Climate Change.
Author: Subaskar Sitsabeshan and Jeroen Gerlag, Karima Hirji
Editor: Steven Hunt
Year: 2015
Publisher: Hedon (Household Energy Network)
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Boiling point issue 67 1-1 (2015)
Subject: Boiling Point
Keywords: Decentralised, Energy, Climate Change
Abstract: Globally 1.4 billion people lack access to electricity. This is almost a fifth of the world ' s population. But energy demand is rapidly increasing, driven by economic growth and a growing population. Consequently an increase of greenhouse gas emissions leads to climate change-a continuing challenge for human development. Decentralised renewable energy offers an ideal platform to leave behind fossil fuel based energy production and addresses some of the challenges posed by climate change. The link between decentralized energy and climate change must be explored in order to understand these twin sustainable development challenges and the need to prioritise these issues at the global scale.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None

ID: 61767
Title: Glacial striations at Orroroo Permian, Cretaceous or Pleistocene?
Author: Wolfgang V Preiss and Aileen Preiss.
Editor: Dr. Paul Heithersay.
Year: 2015
Publisher: Government of South Australia.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Mesa Journal (South Australia). 78 Issue -3, 33-37 (2015)
Subject: Mineral resources
Keywords: Glacial, striations, Orroroo, Permian, Cretaceous, Pleistocene.
Abstract: The Pekina Creek Reserve, a popular tourist attraction at Orroroo in the southern Flinders Ranges, features a picturesque walking trail along both sides of Pekina Creek, with Aboriginal rock carvings, the Pekina Creek Reservoir, and a poem carved on a rock face by a sailor in the 19th century. Despite visits by numerous tourists over many years, including a number of geologists, we report here for the first time our observation of polished and striated rock surfaces of probable glacial origin. In the absence of any direct dating method for these features, the question arises: what is their most likely age and what are their implications for the climatic history of South Australia?
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Alley NF1995.Orther Permian occurrences. In JF Drexel and WV Preiss eds, the geology of South Australia, Volume 2, The Phanerozoic, Bulletin 54.Geological Survey of South Australia, Adelaide, pp. 90-91. Alley NF and Bourman RP 1984.Sedimentology and origin of late Palaeozoic glacigene deposits at Cape Jervis, South Australia. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 108:63-75.
Literature cited 2: Alley NF and Frakes LA 2003.First known Cretaceous glaciations: Livingston Tillite Member of the Cadna-owie Formation, South Australia. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences 50:139-144. Barrows TT, Stone JO, Fifeld LK and Cresswell RG 2001.Late Plaistocene of the Kosciuszko Massif, Snowy Mountains, Australia.Quatrnary Research 55 (2): 179-189.

ID: 61766
Title: Olympic Dam seismic revisited: reprocessing of deep crustal seismic using partially preserved amplitude processing.
Author: Tom Wise, Anthony J Reid, Sara Jakica, Adrian J Fabris, Simon E van der Wielen, Sasha Ziramov and Don Pridmore.
Editor: Dr. Paul Heithersay.
Year: 2015
Publisher: Government of South Australia.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Mesa Journal (South Australia). 78 Issue -3, 17-28 (2015)
Subject: Mineral resources
Keywords: Olympic, Dam, seismic revisited, reprocessing, deep crustal seismic, Partially preserved amplitude processing.
Abstract: Deep seismic reflection data is collected around the world n order to image the structure of the crust. Two-dimensional seismic data can be processed in a variety of ways, each technique permitting investigation of different aspects of the data and thus of the geology the line is transecting. A focus of deep crustal seismic surveys has been to investigate the nature of the lower crust, the geometry across the Moho, or the geometry of paleosuture zones between crustal blocks (Hammer et al. 2010; Kennett et al. 2013).The processing methods that are applied to image the Moho at depths of 30-50 km can smooth over higher order reflectivity features in the upper crust .For example, the application of a low-pass filter emphasizes continuity between individual seismic traces, which enhances consistency between individual traces to produce a ' smooth ' image.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Brown M 1994.The generation, segregation, ascent and emplacement of granite magma: the migmatite-to-crustally-derived granite connection in thickened orogens. Earth-Science Reviews 36:83-130. Conor CCH and Preiss WV 2008.Understanding the 1720-1640 M Palaeoproterozoic Willyama Supergroup, Curnamona Province, southeastern Australia: implications for tectonics, basin evolution and ore genesis. Precambrian Research 166: 297-317.
Literature cited 2: Conor CCH, Raymond O,Baker T, Teale GS, Say P and Lowe G 2010.Alteration and mineralization in the Moontha-Wallaroo copper-gold mining field region, Olympic Domain, South Australia. In TM Porter ed., Hydrothermal iron oxide copper-gold and related deposits: a global perspective, Vol.3.PGC Publishing, Adelaide, pp.1-24. Cross KC, DalySJ an Flint RB 1993.Mineralisation associated with the GRV and Hiltaba Suite granitoids, Olympic Dam Deposit.In JF Drexel, WV Preiss and AJ Parker eds, .The geology of South Australia, Volume 1, The Precambrian, Bulletin 54.Geological Survey of South Australia, Adelaide, pp.132-138.