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ID: 62440
Title: Quantification of reduction in air pollution due to bypassing traffic in Delhi, India
Author: Ch.Ravi Sekhar, Niraj Sharma, Mukti Advani and Ravindra Kumar
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2021
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES &EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 120 (10) 1600-1610 (2021)
Subject: Quantification of reduction in air pollution due to bypassing traffic in Delhi, India
Keywords: Air pollution, bypassing traffic, express way, travel demand estimation, vehicular emission load.
Abstract: The worldwide known relationship between transport and air pollution id demanding innovative solutions for satisfying the mobility demand is a long-term target, the most commonly adopted approach is to decongest the ‘hotspots’ having an alarming level of pollution. The main objective of providing bypasses and expressways is to divert the through traffic coming into the city. Delhi is one of the most congested and polluted cities in India. Among the various sources, vehicular pollution is a significant source of air pollution. Different policies and strategies have been developed to decongest and de-pollute Delhi. The Eastern Peripheral Expressway (EPE) is one such option is implemented to decongest the national capital of India by diverting the traffic not destined for Delhi. It becomes essential to evaluate the performances of such significant infrastructural investments for better decision making in the future. Accordingly, the present study quantities the impact of constructed EPE in terms of diverted traffic and the reduction of vehicular pollution from the capital of India. For this, various primary surveys like classified traffic volume, origin-destination and fuel station surveys were conducted in the study area. Vehicle kilometer travelled for all vehicle types was calculated using the primary data, and this parameter is considered for quantifying vehicular emissions. The results showed that reduction of vehicular emission due to diverted traffic was 0.7% of PM (PM2.5), 7.1 % of NOx and 2.5 % CO in the total vehicular emission load of Delhi.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Vitkunas, R. and Meidure, I., Evaluation of bypass influence on reducing air pollution in Vilnius city. Transport, 2011, 26 (1), 43-49; doi:10.3846/16484142.2011.561004. WHO, Ambient air pollution: a global assessment of exposure and burden of disease, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, 2016?
Literature cited 2: WHO, Ai pollution and Health: Summary, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, 2019; https://www.who.int/airpollutionambient/about/en (accessed on 24 July 2019). Durgabhayani, P., Environmental co-benefits of public transportation improvement initiative: the case of Trans-Jogia bus system in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. J. Clean. Prod., 2013, 58, 74-81.

ID: 62439
Title: Heat wave fatalities over India: 1978-2014
Author: Preeti Malik, Pankaj Bhardwaj and Omvir Singh
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2021
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES &EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 120 (10) 1593-1599 (2021)
Subject: Heat wave fatalities over India: 1978-2014
Keywords: Disaster management, extreme temperature, fatalities, gender difference, heat wave
Abstract: The present paper is an attempt to study the heat waves associated fatalities over space and time in India. For this, ‘Disastrous Weather Events’ reports statistics have been used for the period 1978-2014.The analysis has shown that a total of 660 heat wave ties every year),Only five states namely ,Andhra Pradesh (42%) , Rajasthan (17%) , Odisha (10) , Uttar Pradesh (7%) and Bihar (7%) have accounted more states namely, Arunachal Pradesh,Nagaland,Manipur,Meghalaya,Tripura,Sikkim,Mizoram,Uttarakhand and Goa have never reported heat wave events and fatalities during 1978-2014.Interestingly, each event has resulted about 104 fatalities in Andhra Pradesh state. Further, fatality and density rates have been witnessed to the tune of 0.35 and 3.81 respectively. Temporally, heat wave events have displayed large differences with a significant increasing trend (p<0.01), whereas no trend could be noticed in fatalities. Majority of events have been witnessed in May and June months. It has been observed that men have been more harshly affected compared to women and children. Finally, it is believed that this study may provide new insight towards making better disaster management guidelines for minimizing the shocks of harsh temperature.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Gosling, S.N., Lowe, J.A., McGregor, G.R., Pelling, M. and Malamud, B.D., Associations between elevated atmospheric temperature and human mortality: a critical review of literature. Climate change, 2009, 92, 299-341. Perkins, S.E., and Alexander, L.V., On the measurement of heat waves.J.Climate, 2013, 156, 4500-4517.
Literature cited 2: Gersshunov, A., Johnston, Z., Margolis, H.G., and Guirguis, K., The Cliforniaheat wave 2006 with impacts on statewide medical emergency: a space-time analysis. Geogr. Res., Forum, 2011 31, 53-59. Song, X., Zhang, Z., Chen, Y., Wang, P., Xiang, M., Shi, P. and Tao, F., Spatiotemporal changes of global extreme temperature events (ETEs) since 1981 and the meteorological causes. Nat. Hazards., 2014, 70, 975-994.

ID: 62438
Title: Shock waves induce changes in meningiomas of the brain
Author: B.J.Sudhir, Anita Mahadevan and K.P.J.Reddy
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2021
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES &EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 120 (10) 1587-1592 (2021)
Subject: Shock waves induce changes in meningiomas of the brain
Keywords: Meningioma, neurosurgery, Reddy tube, shock tube, shock waves.
Abstract: The effect of shock waves on biological systems has been extensively researched for its traumatic effects. Few research groups have attempted and successfully harnessed the power of shock waves for therapeutic benefits. In neurosurgical applications, shock waves have been explored as a brain dissection tool. However, the difficulties of controlling the effects of shock waves preclude the safe use of shock waves in neurosurgery. The present study focuses on understanding the effects of shock waves on meaningiomas, tumors that arise from the protective layers of the brain. Freshly excised meningioma specimens, subjected to shock waves generated manually using a Reddy tube, were examined.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: A1-Rodhan, N.R.F. and Laws, E.R., Meningioma: A historical study of the tumor and its surgical management .Neurosurgery, 1990, 26, 832-847. Goldwyn, R.M., Bovie: The man and the machine. Ann. Plastic Surg., 1979, 2, 135-153.
Literature cited 2: Bulsara, K.R., Sukhla, S. and Nimjee, S.M., History of bipolar coagulation. Neurosurg. Rev., 2006, 29, 93-96, discussion 96. Fasano, V.A., Zeme, S., Frego, L. and Gunetti, R., Ultrasonic aspiration in tech surgical treatment of intracranial tumors. J. Neeurosurg.Sci., 1981, 25, 35-40.

ID: 62437
Title: Co-developing climate services for resilient public health system in India
Author: Abha Tewary, Rajeev Kumar Mehajan, Mahaveer Golechha and Dileep Mavalankar
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2021
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES &EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 120 (10) 1578-1586 (2021)
Subject: Co-developing climate services for resilient public health system in India
Keywords: Adaptation, climate resilience, climate services, public health
Abstract: The efficient and effective management of climate information and services. To make health system resilient towards the impacts of climate variability and change, climate –related data and information need to be routinely integrated into health science, practice and policy making. The present paper studies the policy congruence at international, regional, notational and sub-national levels for climate services for public health, with specific focus on India; to identify the gaps in understanding and possibly suggest a roadmap for co-developing climate services for the public health sector in India.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: IPCC, Summary for policymakers. In Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernment al Panel on Climate Change (eds Stocker,T.F. et al)., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York ,NY,USA,2013. Smith. K. TR., et al., Human health: Impacts , adaptations, and co-benefits. In Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptations, and Vuelnerability.Part A: Global and Sectoral Aspects. Contribution of working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental al Panel on Climate Change (eds Field, C.B. et al). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, 2014, pp.709-754.
Literature cited 2: Shende, V.an Patil, K. Impact of environment al change on human health: an overview .Int. J. Res. Biosci., Agric. Technol., 2017, 5, 51-55. Bezirtzzoglou, C., Dekas, K. and Charvalos, E., Climate changes, environment and infection: facts, scenarios and growing awareness form the public health community within Europe. Anaerobe, 2011, 17 (6), 337-340.

ID: 62436
Title: Role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in soil and water conservation: a potentially unexplored domain
Author: Trisha Roy, Uday Mondal, Debashis Mandal and Devideen Yadav
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2021
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES &EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 120 (10) 1573-1577 (2021)
Subject: Role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in soil and water conservation: a potentially unexplored domain
Keywords: Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, carbon storage, degraded lands, glycoprotein, soil and water conservation
Abstract: There is a general consensus that nature-based biological measures can be used as valuable tool to improve land quality. Microbial technology, e.g., use of mycorrhizal fungi, has been considered a beneficial option in the rehabilitation of disturbed and degraded lands. Mycorrhizal fungi are extremely important to improve soil aggregation and in turn the porosity, erodibility and even soil fertility. This article provides an insight into how mycorrhizal fungi might play a role in reclamation and revegetation of degraded lands with special focus on soil and water conservation. External hyphae of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can bind the small soil particles into micro aggregates by producing a glycoprotein (glomalin) which alone can account for 30-60% of carbon in undisturbed soils. Glomalin is derived specifically from the hyphae of AMF and has not been reported in any other fungal species. Besides agriculture, the presence of AMF and has not been reported in any other fungal species. Besides agriculture, the presence of AMF in the grassland and forest ecosystems is also great significance as it helps in establishment of native plant species, soil improvement and carbon storage. The increasing interest of soil conservationists in this glycol-protein is also highlighted in this article.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Mandal, D., and Sharda, V.N., Assessment of permissible soil loss in India employing a quantitative bio-physical model. Curr., Sci., 2011, 100 (3) , 383-390. Mandal, D., and Tripathi, K.P., Soil erosion limits for Lakshadweep Archipelago.Curr.ci., 2009, 96 (2), 276-280.
Literature cited 2: Mozafar, A., Anken, T., Ruh., R. and Frossard, E., Tillage intensity, Mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal fungi, and nutrient concentrations in maize, wheat, and canola. Agron. J., 2000, 92, 117-1124. Oehl, F, Sieverding, E., Ineichen, K., Mader, P., Boller, T. and Wiemken, A., Impact of land use intensity on the species diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in agroecosystems of central Europe. Appl., Environ. Microbiol., 2003, 69, 2816-2824.

ID: 62435
Title: Can the Ayurvedic pippali plant (Piper longum L) be a good option for livelihood and socio-economic development for Indian farmers?
Author: Padma Raj Gajurel, Soyala Kashung, Sisibaying Nopi, Robert Panmei and Binay Singh
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2021
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES &EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 120 (10) 1567-1572 (2021)
Subject: Can the Ayurvedic pippali plant (Piper longum L) be a good option for livelihood and socio-economic development for Indian farmers?
Keywords: Agroforestry, cultivation techniques, livelihood, market demand, pippali
Abstract: The pippali of Ayurveda botanically known as Piper longum L. is one of the economically valued plants, the fruits and roots of which are used widely in the preparation of traditional herbal medicines as well as in various modern drugs. The Ayurvedic medicine system has been heavily dependent on its use since time immemorial. Dried or powered forms of the fruits and roots are sold at Rs 350 to 3000 per kg, at the national and international markets. Supply of the raw materials is still dependent on the wild source as the existing cultivation and management practices are not adequate to fulfil the demand. If utilized, it may become one of the most important components of agroforestry systems in the tropical and subtropical warm humid climate of the country that may generate up to approximately Rs 130, 000 as a n additional income to the farmers.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Anon., Indian medicinal plants-Fact sheet. National Medicinal Plant Board, 2019; https://www.nmpb.nic.in/content/medicinal-plants-fact-sheet Lawrence., B.M., Progress in essential oils: long peeper oil. Perfum. Flavor., 2015, 40, 42-44.
Literature cited 2: Gani, H.M.O., Hoq, M.O and Tamanna, T., Ethnomedicinal, phytochemical and pharmacological properties of Piper longum (Linn)., Asian J.Med.BNiol.Res., 2019, 5 (1) , 1-7. Gajurel, P.R., Rethy, P., Kumar, Y., and Singh, B., Piper species (Piperaceae) of North-East India (Arunachal Pradesh)., Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun, India, 2008, pp.50-52.

ID: 62434
Title: Housing for all: analysis of possibility and potential
Author: Darpagiri Mondal and Bishwajit Bhattacharjee
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2021
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES &EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 120 (10) 1559-1566 (2021)
Subject: Housing for all: analysis of possibility and potential
Keywords: Housing, industrialized building construction, per-capita expenditure, poverty line basket
Abstract: Housing affordability in India was analyzed on the basis of household expenditure data. The data available in the Census reports of 2011-12. Levels and Patterns of Household Consumer Expenditure was considered for this study. Curve for cumulative population distribution against monthly per-capita expenditure (MPCE) was obtained and equations were fitted to obtain mathematical relationships. Parameters of distributions were presented for all the states and Union territories on rural and urban basis. Poverty line basket (PLB) was considered along with MPCE to relate the percentage of population having housing affordability on an al India perspective. The affordable percentage of population having housing affordability on an all-India perspective. The affordable estimated monthly instalment (EMI) and the corresponding fraction of population a potential market, was worked out through developed equations, for MPCE values up to the level. Where supply exceeded the demand of housing. Construction cost was considered for feasibility of affording a house and it was explained that industrialized building construction might provide the suitability of realizing the market.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: National buildings Organizations (NBO) , State of Housing in India-A Statistical Compendium Ministry of Housing and Urban Poverty –A statistical compendium .Ministry of Housing and urban Poverty Alleviation, Govt. of India, 2013. JLL, Affordable Housing in India-Key initiatives for inclusive housing for all. Jones Lang La-Salle (JLL), India, 2016.
Literature cited 2: Wikipedia, Indian states ranking by families owing house, Cenus, 2011; https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_states_ranking_by_families_owing_house. NSSO, Census of India -2011, Table H-Houses and Household amenities ,NSSO Publication, 2011.

ID: 62433
Title: Highly informative point sources of data: soil health cards for interpolated soil maps
Author: D.V.K. Nageswara Rao
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2021
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES &EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 120 (10) 1554-1555 (2021)
Subject: Highly informative point sources of data: soil health cards for interpolated soil maps
Keywords: Sources of data, soil health cards, Interpolated soil maps.
Abstract: The potential of soil for producing crops is largely determined by the environment so that it provides for root growth. Soil mapping is the process of delineating natural bodies of soils, classifying and grouping the delineated soils into map units, and capturing soil property information for interpreting and depicting soil spatial distribution on a map. A soil fertility map serves a specific agricultural use and provides a way to interpret soil maps in a manner that is understandable and usable by farmers, local government and national planners. Soil properties in nature are spatially highly variable and for their accurate estimation this continuous variability should be considered. In addition, the traditional methods of soil analysis and interpretation are laborious and time consuming.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Rao D.V.K.N., Andhra Agric.J., 2018, 65, 286-292. Burrough, P., Soils Fertil., 1993, 56, 529-562.
Literature cited 2: Hengi, T., Rossiter, D.G., and Stein, A., Aust.J.Soil Res., 2004, 41 (8), 1403-1422. Liu, L., Wang, H., Dai, W., Lei, X., Yang, X. and Li, X., J. For. Res., 2014, 25 (4), 867-876.

ID: 62432
Title: Climate Change and Energy Options for a Sustainable Future.
Author: Dinesh Kumar Srivastava and V. S. Ramamurthy. Reviewed By- Bikash Sinha
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2021
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES &EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 120 (9) 1527-1527 (2021)
Subject: Climate Change and Energy Options for a Sustainable Future.
Keywords: Climate Change, Energy, Sustainable Future
Abstract: Climate change and its disastrous consequences was not considered as a serious threat to environment for quite some time. It is only in the last ten years with all too obvious events with the clear signatures of large-scale natural disasters such as Tsunami, huge forest fires, melting of the glaciers and the polar ice caps, frequent earthquakes, etc. that climate change turned to a serious subject with much debate. Intergovernmental panel came in the forefront and general public started to take climate change seriously
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1:
Literature cited 2:

ID: 62431
Title: Starch granule analysis reveals the functions of stone tools and implications on subsistence economy in Neolithic Yangtze River Basin, China
Author: Zhiwei Wan, Siping Lin, Min Ju, Fuqiang Liao, Guangming Zhou and Yulian Jia
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2021
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES &EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 120 (9) 1520-1526 (2021)
Subject: Starch granule analysis reveals the functions of stone tools and implications on subsistence economy in Neolithic Yangtze River Basin, China
Keywords: Archaeological sites, starch granule residues, stone tools, subsistence economy, underground storage organs
Abstract: Stone knife and stone muller are common artefacts belonging to the Neolithic period sites in the Yangtze River Basin, China. The Dawangling archaeological site is an important Neolithic site located on the southern bank of the Yangtze River. One stone knife and one stone muller were excavated from the Neolithic layer and examined using starch residue analysis to determine the functions of these tools. More than 165 starch granules and a few bordered pits of tracheid were retrieved from the residues of these stone tools. The results of starch granule analysis show that stone knife and stone muller were probably agricultural processing tools for ancient humans at the Dawangling site during the Neolithic period and hint at the possible existence of a broad-spectrum subsistence economy during the Neolithic period.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Larson, G. et al., Current perspectives and the future of domestication studies. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2014, 111(17), 6139– 6146. Zhao, Z., The Middle Yangtze region in China is one place where rice was domesticated: phytolith evidence from the Diaotonghuan Cave, northern Jiangxi. Antiquity, 1998, 72, 885–897.
Literature cited 2: Fuller, D. Q., Harvey, E. and Qin, L., Presumed domestication? Evidence for wild rice cultivation and domestication in the fifth millennium BC of the Lower Yangtze region. Antiquity, 2007, 81(312), 316–331. Yang, X. and Perry, L., Identification of ancient starch grains from the tribe Triticeae in the North China Plain. J. Archaeol. Sci., 2013, 40(8), 3170–3177.

ID: 62430
Title: Grafting as a promising technique for popularizing marigold cultivation in bacterial wilt sick soils in humid tropics of Kerala, India
Author: U. Jeevan, U. Sreelatha, C. Narayanankutty, M. S. Parvathi and T. V. Anupama
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2021
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES &EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 120 (9) 1517-1519 (2021)
Subject: Grafting as a promising technique for popularizing marigold cultivation in bacterial wilt sick soils in humid tropics of Kerala, India
Keywords: Bacterial wilt, cleft grafting, marigold, rootstock.
Abstract: Studies on grafting nine susceptible genotypes including five F1 hybrids and four varieties of African marigold was conducted by using two bacterial wilts resistant marigold lines (M-1 and M-2) as rootstocks. It was evident from the present study that the F1 hybrids recorded better survival of grafts compared to varieties of African marigold. The greatest survival of grafts were recorded in hybrid Bhagwati grafted on M-1 rootstock (60%), which was on par with Bhagwati grafted on M-2 (54%), Maria 91 grafted on M-1 (54%) and Maria 91 grafted on M-2 (50%). Irrespective of the scion genotypes, M-1 as rootstock recorded better graft survival (34.22%) compared to a survival of 25.56% in case of M-2. And, irrespective of the rootstock genotypes, the highest survival was recorded in Bhagwati (57%), on par with Maria 91 (52%).
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Kumbar, S., Rootstock evaluation and grafting studies in brinjal (Solanum melongena L.). M.Sc. (Hort.) thesis, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur, 2019, p. 109. Narayanankutty, C., Sreelatha, U. and Jaikumaran, U., Grafting to combat soil-borne diseases in vegetables. Indian Hortic., 2015, 60(6), 9–10.
Literature cited 2: Umesh, C., Sreelatha, U., Kurian, P. S. and Narayanankutty, C., Evaluation of African marigold (Targets erecta L.) genotypes for yield and resistance to bacterial wilt pathogen, Ralstonia solanaceous. J. Trop. Agric., 2018, 56(1), 8 Jeevan, U., Sreelatha, U., Kurian, P. S., Anupama, T. V. and Parvathi, M. S., Assessment of resistance against bacterial wilt in marigold genotypes under humid tropics. J. Trop. Agric., 2019, 57(2), 152–159

ID: 62429
Title: The 22 June 2020 Mizoram, India earthquake (Mw 5.5): an unusual intra-wedge shallow earthquake in the Indo-Burmese Wedge
Author: J. Malsawma, Paul Lalnuntluanga , Saitluanga Sailo, V. Vanthangliana , R. P. Tiwari and V. K. Gahalaut
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2021
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES &EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 120 (9) 1514-1516 (2021)
Subject: The 22 June 2020 Mizoram, India earthquake (Mw 5.5): an unusual intra-wedge shallow earthquake in the Indo-Burmese Wedge
Keywords: Churachandpur Mao Fault, earthquakes, Indo-Burmese arc, tectonics.
Abstract: Earthquakes in the Indo-Burmese arc occur due to interaction of India and Sunda plates along the Indo-Burmese Wedge and Sagaing Fault. Majority of the moderate to major magnitude earthquakes in the Indo-Burmese Wedge occur within the Indian slab and very few of them occur on the plate interface. Earthquakes within the wedge are rare and the 22 June 2020 earthquake of magnitude 5.5 (Mw) on the India–Myanmar border in Mizoram, India, at shallow depth is probably one such earthquake. The earthquake caused moderate damage (maximum intensity VIII on MSK scale) in remote border villages (Vaphai and Chawngtui) with sparse population without any fatality. The earthquake did not seem to be related with the Mat Fault, which was transverse to the north–south trending wedge, as various estimates of mainshock and the region of maximum damage was ~20 km northeast of the surface trace of the Mat Fault. It appeared to be associated with almost north–south oriented Churachandpur Mao Fault (CMF) with dextral slip which mapped extensively and monitored geodetically in the neighbouring regions of Manipur and Nagaland to the north. Occurrence of this shallow depth earthquake may imply that some segment of the CMF might be seismically active, unlike in the north, where it appears to be predominantly aseismic. This implies that the seismic hazard along the CMF may vary along its length.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Seeber, L. and Armbruster, J., Great detachment earthquakes along the Himalayan Arc and long-term forecasting. In Earthquake Prediction – An International Review (eds Simpson, D. W. and Richards, P. G.), Maurice Ewing Series. American Geophysical Union, 1981, vol. 4, pp. 259–277. Tiwari, R. P., Status of seismicity in the Northeast India and earthquake disaster mitigation. Envis. Bull. Himalay. Ecol., 2002, 10(1), 10–21.
Literature cited 2: Bilham, R. and England, P., Plateau pop-up in the 1897 Assam earthquake. Nature, 2001, 410, 806–809. Gahalaut, V. K. et al., Aseismic plate boundary in the Indo-Burmese edge, northwest Sunda Arc. Geology, 2013, 41, 235–238.

ID: 62428
Title: Optimal generation of fast transit corridors in a city
Author: Aman Sharma and Raman Parti
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2021
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES &EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 120 (9) 1500-1506 (2021)
Subject: Optimal generation of fast transit corridors in a city
Keywords: Ant colony optimization, bus terminals, clustering, fast transit corridors
Abstract: This study proposes a design methodology to generate optimal fast transit corridors in a city (Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India) integrated with a GIS platform. Population density distribution throughout the city was used for identification of nodes. Origin–destination (OD) distance matrix was generated between the nodes using Open Route Service. Centrality model consisting of connectivity and global integration centrality was used to generate an O–D demand matrix. Pre-defined number of clusters was generated to determine terminals using clustering algorithms. The optimal number of clusters was selected with an objective function to minimize the ‘total commuter time’ of the network. Ant colony optimization algorithm was used to generate fast transit corridors between the selected terminals that led to the generation of five such corridors for the study area.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Buba, A. T. and Lee, L. S., Differential evolution for urban transit routing problem. J. Comput. Commun., 2016, 4, 11–25. Buba, A. T. and Lee, L. S., A differential evolution for simultaneous transit network design and frequency setting problem. Expert Syst. Appl., 2018, 106, 277–289
Literature cited 2: Newell, G. F., Some issues relating to the optimal design of bus routes. Transp. Sci., 1979, 13, 20–35. Jayasinghe, A., Sano, K. and Rattanaporn, K., Application for developing countries: estimating trip attraction in urban zones based on centrality. J. Traffic Transp. Eng. (English Edn), 2017, 4, 464–476.

ID: 62427
Title: Mapping surface-water area using time series landsat imagery on Google Earth Engine: a case study of Telangana, India
Author: P. D. Sreekanth, P. Krishnan, N. H. Rao, S. K. Soam and Ch. Srinivasarao
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2021
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES &EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 120 (9) 1491-1499 (2021)
Subject: Mapping surface-water area using time series landsat imagery on Google Earth Engine: a case study of Telangana, India
Keywords: Cloud computing platform, groundwater level, machine learning algorithms, remote sensing, surface area, waterbodies.
Abstract: The extent of surface-water spread influences the hydrogeology and ecology of waterbodies. Remote sensing technology provides spatial and temporal datasets which aid in mapping the dynamics of surface waterbodies at the regional and global scale. In the present study, temporal changes in the surface area of waterbodies in Telangana, India, were monitored using indices like normalized difference vegetation index, normalized difference water index and modified NDWI and machine learning algorithms like a random forest using Landsat-8 data. Google Earth Engine cloud computing platform was used for processing earth observation data, based on the time series images of Landsat and compared with real-time groundwater levels. The results showed a significant increase (P < 0.01) in both surface-water area and groundwater levels in Telangana, especially after 2015, which we hypothesize could be due to the specialized water conservation project being implemented by the Government of Telangana since 2015.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Du, N., Ottens, H. and Sliuzas, R., Spatial impact of urban expansion on surface water bodies – a case study of Wuhan, CLandsc. Urban Plan., 2010, 94, 175–185; https://doi.org/10.1016/ j. landurbplan.2009.10.002 Melendo, J. D. V., Water as a strategic resource: international cooperation in shared basins and geowater. J. Spanish Inst. Strat. Stud., 2015; http://revista.ieee.es/article/view/274.
Literature cited 2: Edokpayi, J. N., Odiyo, J. O. and Durowoju, O. S., Impact of wastewater on surface water quality in developing countries: a case study of South Africa. In Water Quality (ed. Hlanganani Tutu), Intech (open access), 2017, pp. 401–416; https://www. intechopen.com/books/water-quality/impact-of-wastewater-onsurface-water-quality-in-developing-countries-a-case-studyof-south-africa Huang, C., Chen, Y., Zhang, S. and Wu, J., Detecting, extracting, and monitoring surface water from space using optical sensors: a review. Rev. Geophys., 2018, 56, 333–360; https://doi.org/ 10.1029/2018RG000598.

ID: 62426
Title: Survey of uranium in drinking water sources in India: interim observations
Author: S. K. Sahoo , S. K. Jha, V. N. Jha, A. C. Patra and M. S. Kulkarni
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2021
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES &EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 120 (9) 1482-1490 (2021)
Subject: Survey of uranium in drinking water sources in India: interim observations
Keywords: Drinking water sources, fluorimeter, surface and groundwater, uranium, water quality parameters.
Abstract: A nationwide survey is being conducted for mapping uranium content in drinking water sources across India, in association with local educational and research institutions. For this, an optimum grid size of 6 × 6 sq. km was selected based on the international practices for geochemical mapping. About 55,554 surfaces as well as groundwater samples, used for drinking purpose, were collected covering approximately 1.2 × 106 sq. km. Light emitting diode-based fluorimeter having wide dynamic range and 0.2 μg l–1 lower detection limit was used for direct measurement of uranium content in the water samples. Uranium was detected in 83.6% of all the collected water samples. The geometric mean of uranium concentration in surface and groundwater samples was found to be 0.8 μg l–1 (range: ≤0.2–22 μg l–1) and 2.1 μg l–1 (range: ≤0.2–4918 μg l–1) respectively. Out of 12 water quality parameters measured to understand the geochemical processes governing uranium content in water sources, eight were found to exceed the acceptable limits set by the Bureau of Indian Standards for drinking water. The parameters sulphate, chloride, nitrate, fluoride, total dissolved solids, alkalinity and hardness exceeded their limits by 4.2%, 12.9%, 14%, 20.5%, 34.3%, 45% and 51.6% respectively. Uranium content in 98% of groundwater samples was found to be less than the national limit set by the Atomic Energy Regulatory Board for radiological safety. Dissolved uranium content in groundwater samples showed an upward trend with total dissolved solids and depth of water sources. No surface water samples exceeded the prescribed regulatory limit.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
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