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ID: 62556
Title: Prospect of biomass briquette as renewable energy source in Assam, India
Author: Bijoylaxmi Bhuyan
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2021
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 121 (6) 834-837 (2021)
Subject: Prospect of biomass briquette as renewable energy source in Assam, India
Keywords: Benefit cost ratio, briquettes, calorific value, commercialization, residual ash
Abstract: Shortage and limitation in the availability of fossil fuels demand focus on the usage of renewable energy in order to shorten the gap between demand and supply. Replacement of non-renewable resource like fossil fuels with briquette making from farm waste helps to lower carbon footprints. Looking at the abundance of annual farm waste accumulation in Assam, this is essentially an unexplored new horizon of energy industry. Therefore, this study was undertaken to see the prospects of biomass briquette making for commercial purpose. The assessment of thermal efficiency showed that calorific values of briquettes made from different agro wastes ranged from 3370 to 4115 Kcal/kg. The residual ash content ranged between 7 and 8.6% of briquettes’ weights. The benefit cost ratio of 1.80 is indicative of a positive net benefit indicating a better prospect of commercial production of biomass briquettes in Assam.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Global Health Observatory Data Repository. Population using solid fuels. World Health Organisation, Geneva, 2013 (cited on 1 June 2018);https://apps.who.int/gho/data/view,main.1701?lang-en (accessed on 3 June 2021.) Energy Uses in India: a case of electricity; https:www.researchgate.net/publication/331929537_Energy_uses_in_India_A_Case_of_Electricity (accessed on 26 May 2021).
Literature cited 2: Is the world on track to deliver energy access for all? World Bank, Washington, 2018 (cited on 27 April 2018); https/www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2018.05/18/sustainabledevelopment-goal-7-energy-access-all (accessed on 2 June 2021) Sagumaran, P. and Seshadri, S., Booklet on Biomass Charcoal Briquetting, Shri AMM Murugappa Chettiar Research Center, Chennai, India, 2014.

ID: 62555
Title: Value assessment of existing architectural heritage for future generation using criteria importance through inter-criteria correlation and grey relational analysis method: a case of Odisha temple architectural in India
Author: Partha Sarathi Mishra and Soumi Muhuri
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2021
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 121 (6) 825-833 (2021)
Subject: Value assessment of existing architectural heritage for future generation using criteria importance through inter-criteria correlation and grey relational analysis method: a case of Odisha temple architectural in India
Keywords: Architectural heritage, evaluation and conservation, expert opinion, hierarchy process, value assessment
Abstract: This study aims to assess the value of architectural heritage (AH) for its management. Previously, evaluation of AH has been done based on the opinions of experts. I n this study, weights of criteria and overall aggregation have been used based on the collected data, thus minimizing the bias the opinions of experts and reducing the time of evaluation. To derive relative importance of the multi-dimensional values, criteria importance through inter-criteria correlation has been used, and for aggregation of the grey relationship values, the grey relational analysis method has been applied. In a hierarchy process, these two methods have been repetitively applied to obtain the index value of AH. For a case study, the Odisha temple architecture in India has been considered. The results have been compared with the existing state of protection, and the areas where there is a possibility of improvement of architectural heritage value for its management are discussed.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Dutta, M. and Hussain, Z., An application of multicriteria decision making to built heritage. The case of Calcutta.J.Cult.Herit., 2009, 10, 237-243. Kutut, V., Zavadskas, E.K. and Lazauska, M., Assessment of priority alternative for preservation of historic buildings using model based on ARAS and AHP methods.Arch.Civ.Mech.Eng., 2014, 14, 287-294.
Literature cited 2: Vodopivec, B., Zarnic, R., Tamosaitiene, J., Lazauskas, M. and Selih, J., Removation priority ranking by multicriteria assessment of architectural heritage: the case of castles.Int.J.Strateg.Prop.Mange, 2014, 18, 88-100. Huq, F.F., Akter, R., Hafiz, R., Mamun, A., Al and Rahman, M., Conservation planning of built heritages of old Dhaka, Bangladesh, J. Cult. Herit. Mang. Sustain. Dev., 2017, 7, 244-271.

ID: 62554
Title: Study of river sensitivity for sustainable management of sand quarrying activities in Damodar River, West Bengal, India
Author: Prasanta Kumar Ghosh and Narayan Chandra Jana
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2021
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 121 (6) 810-822 (2021)
Subject: Study of river sensitivity for sustainable management of sand quarrying activities in Damodar River, West Bengal, India
Keywords: Damodar river, sand quarrying, river morphology, sensitivity, sustainable sand mining.
Abstract: For sustainable management of a threatened river, a process-based understanding as well as in-depth study of the river is required. Unfortunately, during Anthropocene almost every river in the world is under threat. Damodar river, an important drainage system of the Bhagirathi-Hooghly River basin situated in the eastern part of India is not an exception to this. Besides construction of dams and embankment, man has changed the nature of this river by unscientific over exploitation of riverine sand not only from the river bed but also fertile river bars and adjacent river terrace which leads to environment al disruption through adverse dramatic impacts on the river morphology, ecosystem, hydrology and environment .Though from an economic and flood management point of view, we have to mine this inexpensive resource from river, we should follow scientific methods in approapriate mining sites. For this purpose, study of river sensitivity based on active and total channel area can be a good strategy. In the case of Damodar river, using sensitivity we classified 12 reaches in very low, low, moderate and high sensitivity sections and suggested section wise which method should be applied. We hope that this study will help to use rivers in a sustainable way.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Martin-Vide, J.P., Ferrer-Boix, C. and Ollero, A., Incision due to gravel mining: modelling a case study from the Gallego River, Spain.Geomorphology, 2010, 117, 261-271. Kondolf, G.M., Geomorphic and environmental effects of in stream gravel mining. Landsc. Urban Plann., 1994, 28, 225-243.
Literature cited 2: Rinaldi, M., Wyzga, B. And Surian, N., Sediment mining in alluvial Channels: physical effects and management perspectives. River Res.Appl.,2005, 21, 805-828. Padmalal, D. and Maya, K., Sand Mining: Environmental Impacts and Selected Case Studies. Springer, The Netherlands, 2014; doi: 10.1007/978-94-017-9144-1.

ID: 62553
Title: Study of variation of pore properties in gravel soil under triaxial loading based on discrete element method
Author: JubnYu, Chang Jiang Wu, Chaojun Jia and Weiya Xu
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2021
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 121 (6) 801-809 (2021)
Subject: Study of variation of pore properties in gravel soil under triaxial loading based on discrete element method
Keywords: Discrete element method, gravel soil, porosity; porous medium, triaxial loading
Abstract: Gravel soil is a complex porous medium, whose mechanical behavior under triaxial loading can be well simulated using the discrete element method. However, numerical simulation of porous medium under compression requires not only the stress-strain behavior, but also the variation of pore properties. In this study, models of gravel soil with different gravel contents (weight percentage of gravel in gravel soil) are generated by the single particle delivery method, and numerical triaxial tests are performed on these gravel soil samples. The equivalent porosity and equivalent pore size are introduced as an evaluation index of pores to study the variation of pore properties in the numerical tests. The numerical results indicate that the porosity of gravel soil shows a V-shaped trend with the gravel content, and the gravel soil samples have minimum porosity in the yield stage.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Zhu,J.-G.,Guo,W.-L.,Wen , Y.-F.,Yin , J.-Hand Zhou,C.,New gradation equation and applicability for particle-size distributions of various soils.Int.J.Geomech 2018, 18 (2), 1-8. Yu, J. Wang, R., Zhang, J., Yan. L., Meng, Q., Zhang, C., and Li, X., Deformational characteristics of Donglinxin slope induced by reservoir fluctuation and rainfall.Curr.Sci. 2017, 113(6), 1159-1166.
Literature cited 2: Conte, E., Donato, A. a Troncone, A., A simplified method for predicting rainfall-induced mobility of active landslides. Landslides, 2017, 14 (1), 35-45. Liu, Y. and Jeng, D.-s, Pore structure of grain-size fractal granular material. Materials, 2019, 12)13), 2053.

ID: 62552
Title: Inter-correlation of hydrothermal mineral alteration zone in the vicinity of lineaments
Author: Mahesh Kumar Tripathi and H. Govil
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2021
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 121 (6) 789-800 (2021)
Subject: Inter-correlation of hydrothermal mineral alteration zone in the vicinity of lineaments
Keywords: Geospatial analysis, hydrothermal alteration, lineaments, optical data, weathering zones
Abstract: There are significant and effective roles of geological structures such as lineaments in mineral zone identification and interpretation, exploration and mapping of rock units, litho-boundaries, local tectonic zones and fractures, and hydrothermal alteration facies. The aim of this study was to extract lineaments of Jahajpur region of Bhilwara district, Rajasthan automatically and digitally using Sentinel 2A optical data. The automatic lineament extraction by ‘LINE’ algorithms tool with involvement of several processing steps and parameters of PCI Geomatical evaluated digitally extracted lineaments, geospatial analyses such as length of lineaments, lineament density and lineament orientation. The obtained results were validated through assessment of geomorphic and structural features interpretation by numerical, analogical, and geospatial analysis and field survey for a better understanding and correlation. The vicinity of extracted lineament and lineament densities show the various alteration minerals such as clay, talc, mica, dolomite and goethite. Thus, we can conclude that lineaments have excellent interrelationship with hydrothermal alteration and weathering zones in the western Jahajpur belt, Rajasthan.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Baghdad, B., Structural interpretation of lineaments by remote sensing and GIS using Landsat 8 data: a case study of akreuch area (Morocco). Eur. J. Sci. Res., 2016, 138(3), 216–224. Mwaniki, M. W., Moeller, M. S. and Schellmann, G., A comparison of Landsat 8 (OLI) and Landsat 7 (ETM+) in mapping geology and visualizing lineaments: a case study of central region enya. Int. Arch. Photogramm., Remote Sensing Spat. Inf. Sci. – ISPRS Arch., 2015, 40(7W3), 897–903; doi:10.5194/isprsarchivesXL-7-W3-897-2015.
Literature cited 2: Hung, L. Q., Batelaan, O. and de Smedt, F., Lineament extraction and analysis, comparison of LANDSAT ETM and ASTER imagery. Case study: Suoimuoi tropical karst catchment, Vietnam. In Proc. SPIE 5983, Remote Sensing for Environmental Monitoring, GIS Applications, and Geology V, 59830T, 2005; https:// doi.org/10.1117/12.627699. O’Leary, D. W., Friedman, J. D. and Pohn, H. A., Lineament, linear, lineation: some proposed new standards for old terms. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 1976, 87, 1463–1469.

ID: 62551
Title: Drought intensity and frequency analysis using SPI for Tamil Nadu, India
Author: S. Kokilavani, S. P. Ramanathan, Ga. Dheebakaran, N. K. Sathyamoorthy, N. Maragatham and R. Gowtham
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2021
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 121 (6) 781-788 (2021)
Subject: Drought intensity and frequency analysis using SPI for Tamil Nadu, India
Keywords: Northeast monsoon, rainfall, southwest monsoon, spatial variability, standardized precipitation index.
Abstract: To assess the drought hazard for different agro-climatic zones of Tamil Nadu (TN), India, the present study deals with temporal trend and spatial pattern of drought over the period 1981–2019. Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) has been used to detail the geographical variations of drought intensity, duration and frequency at multiple time steps. The spatial rainfall variability of the Southwest monsoon (SWM) ranged from 69.3 mm (Tuticorin) to 772.8 mm (the Nilgiris), and that for the Northeast monsoon (NEM) ranged from 277.8 mm (Krishnagiri) to 825.9 mm (Nagapattinam), while annual rainfall variability ranged from 558.8 mm (Tuticorin) to 1466.8 mm (the Nilgiris) for TN. Irrespective of all the regions, the frequency of moderate drought occurrence was higher compared to other drought nomenclature. The NEM season recorded on par and higher number of drought occurrences with respect to SWM season. Out of 39 years, TN experienced severely dry to extremely dry climate during 2002. The result underlines the potential of SPI in drought identification and also revealed that the rainfall is strongly linked to drought policies and measures implemented for the state.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: IPCC, Working Group, I Contribution to the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report on Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis – Summary for Policymakers, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Stockholm, 2013. Lesk, C., Rowhani, P. and Ramankutty, N., Influence of extreme weather disasters on global crop production. Nature, 2016, 529, 84–87.
Literature cited 2: NRC, Adapting to the Impacts of Climate Change: America’s Climate Choices, National Academies Press, Washington, DC, USA,2010. Agha Kouchak, A., Feldman, D., Hoerling, M., Huxman, T. and Lund, J., Recognize anthropogenic drought. Nature, 2015, 524, 409–411.

ID: 62550
Title: Fibroin-coated poly (ethylenimine)–docusate nanoparticles as a novel drug delivery system
Author: Duy Toan Pham and Waree Tiyaboonchai
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2021
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 121 (6) 775-780 (2021)
Subject: Fibroin-coated poly (ethylenimine)–docusate nanoparticles as a novel drug delivery system
Keywords: Drug delivery system, fibroin, nanoparticles, poly (ethylenimine), sodium doocusate, α-mangostin
Abstract: Poly (ethylenimine) (PEI), a polymer with monomers composed of amine groups bound to ethylene molecules, has gained increasing interest as a material for nanoparticulate drug delivery systems. However, its high toxicity due to excessive positive charge hinders the versatility of PEI in biomedical applications. Thus, this work aimed to develop and characterize novel PEI-based nanoparticles as a drug delivery system, with reduced surface charge, through polyelectrolyte complexion with a negatively charged compound. Among three candidates, fibroin, sodium docusate (DO) and alginate DO yielded the best results. Further coating the PEI-DO nano particles with fibroin significantly reduced the system surface charge from +57.3 to +39.3 mV. The fibroin-coated PEI-DO nanoparticles were loaded with the model drug α-mangostin solubility up to 25 times and showed a fast drug released characteristics significantly reduced the α-mangostin hematoxicity.In conclusion, the novel fibroin-coated PEI-DO nanoparticles could be further studied as a potential drug delivery system.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Jeevanandam, J., Barhoum, A., Chan, Y.S., Dufrense, A. and Danquah, M.K., Review on naoparticles and nanostructred materials: history, sources, toxicity and regulations. Beilstein J. Nanotechnol., 2018, 9, 1050-1074. Patra, J.K. et al., Nano based drug delivery systems: recent developments and future prospects.J. Nanobiotechnol. 2018, 16, 71.
Literature cited 2: Pham, D.T., Saelim, N. and Tiyaboonchai, W., Design of Experiments model for optimization of silk fibroin based nano-particles .Int.J.Appl.Pharm., 2018, 10, 195-201. Pandey, A.P. and Sawant, K.K., Polyethylenimine: a versatile, multifunctional non-viral vector for nucleic acid delivery.Mater.Sci.Eng. C., 2016, 68, 904-918.

ID: 62549
Title: Dependence of Martian Schumann resonance on the shape of dust devil and its implications
Author: J.P.Pabari and Trinesh Sana
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2021
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 121 (6) 769-774 (2021)
Subject: Dependence of Martian Schumann resonance on the shape of dust devil and its implications
Keywords: Atmospheric conductivity, devils, dust, lighting, permittivity, triboelectric charging
Abstract: Dust Devils (DDs) prevail near the Martian surface during the Southern hemisphere summer. Their whirlpool effects give rise to smaller particles in the atmosphere, which subsequently affects optical depth and decreases ion concentrations. Presence of dust affects atmospheric conductivity and permittivity, which in turn affect electromagnetic wave propagation. An understanding of the underlying physics of electrical discharges due to dust is critical for future missions. Low atmospheric pressure and arid, windy environment suggest that dust is more susceptible to triboelectric charging. This article presents a study of Schumann Resonance (SR) on Mars, whose presence indicates the possibility of lighting. We have extended our previous work for variable dust mixing. A random dust mixing is chosen and finally, an inverted cone-shaped DD is considered for effective permittivity. is found that SR modes essentially depend on the shape of DDs, which consequently determines effective permittivity of the medium. Also, SR does not depend much on the conductivity. At present, Insight magnometer is searching for the presence of SR on Mars. Our results could be useful for future missions to carry out in situ measurements of SR, the most promising detection related to electrical activity on mars.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Balme, M. and Greeley, R., DDs on Earth and Mars.Rev.Geophys., 2006, 44 (3), 22 Thomas, P. and Gierasch, P.J., DDs on Mars. Science, 1985, 230 (4722), 175-177.
Literature cited 2: Metzger, S.M. et al., DD vortices seem by the Mars Pathfinder camera.Geophys.Res.Lett, 1999, 26 (18), 2781-2784. Cantor, B.A., et al., Mars orbitter camera observations on Martian DDs and their tracks (September 1997 to January 2006) and evaluation of theoretical vortex models. J. Geophys. Res., 2006, 111, E12002-49.

ID: 62548
Title: AYUSH Research Portal: matching traditional Indian Knowledge with modern needs
Author: Rakesh Sarwal and T.Saketh Ram
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2021
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 121 (6) 747-751 (2021)
Subject: AYUSH Research Portal: matching traditional Indian Knowledge with modern needs
Keywords: Complementary and alternative medical system, indexing, modern medicine, research portal, traditional knowledge
Abstract: Indexing is a mandatory requirement for the sustenance and progress of any scientific discipline. The AYUSH Research Portal (ARP) (https://ayshportal.nic.in) is meant exclusively for indexing and dissemination o research findings in the domain of Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, Sowa-Rigpa and Homeopathy (AYUSH) and allied faculties. By 2010.despite the availability of up to 45 databases catering to complementary and alternative medical systems, none was dedicated to index-based search on the literature of AYUSH systems. Though PubMed remained a vast storehouse, limited indexation of AYUSH journals left searches incomplete. To address this problem, a dedicated portal on AYUSH systems was developed with an exclusive focus on bringing research findings in a relatable, user-friendly manner by providing for search using International Classification of Disease-10 terms and International Classification of Primary Care Classification while at the same time preserving the ontological nuances of these systems. This endeavour over a decade has resulted in a portal housing more than 30,000 articles with a good reception among the scientific community. We discuss the evolution of the concept and steps involved in the development and sustenance of ARP. We list further steps required to develop the portal into a global treasure house.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: MoAYUSH: AYUSH Research Portal, 2021: https://ayushportal.nic.in/ Madden, R., et al.World Health Organization family of international classification: definition, scope and purpose. World Health Organization, Geneva, 2007; https://www.who.int/classification/en/family/Document2007.pdf?ua=1
Literature cited 2: Dee, C.R., The development of the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System (MEDLAS).J.Med.Lib.Assoc, 2007, 95 (4), 416-425; https://doi.org/10.3163/1536-5050.95.4.416. Dhammi, I.K. and Haq, R.U., What is indexing .Indian. J. orthop., 2016, 50 (2), 115; doi:10.4103/0019-5413.177579.

ID: 62547
Title: Strobilanthes auriculata Nees: a lesser known plietesial flora from Manipur, North East India
Author: Rajkumari Jashmi Devi, Deepashree Khyraijam, Biseshwori Thongam
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2021
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 121 (6) 745-746 (2021)
Subject: Strobilanthes auriculata Nees: a lesser known plietesial flora from Manipur, North East India
Keywords: Strobilanthes auriculata, plietesial flora, Manipur, North East India
Abstract: Strobilanthes Blume of family, Acanthacae comprises 450 species. In India, 148 species are reported of which 72 are endemic. They are poorly known and rarely collected due to their plietesial flowering pattern. While some of the Strobilanthes species bloom yearly, many of them are reported as pluriannual and monocarpic with flowering period ranging 3 to 16 years. They are also reported to be mostly found at high altitudes and assumed to be restricted, rare or extinct. Specific characters such as 2-lipped calyx, 2-seeded capsule, extended anther connective or presence of only two fertile stamens were used to recognize this genus.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: APGIv, J. Linn. Soc., Bot., 2016, 181, 1-20. Mabberley, D.J., Mabberley’s Plant-Book, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2017, 4th edn, p.1102.
Literature cited 2: Karthikeyan, S., Snajappa, M.and Moorthy, S., Flowering Plants ofIndia-Dicotyledons (Acanthaceae-Avicenniaceae), Botanical Survey of India, Kolkata, 2009, vol.1, p.365. Singh, R.K. and Diwakar, P.G., Indian .J. For., 2007, 30, 553-555.

ID: 62546
Title: Present status, distribution and relative abundance of IUCN red-listed fish species of River Ganga
Author: H.S.Swain, S.Bayen, A.Ray, C.Jhonson, R.Baitha, M.Bohr, S.Verma and B.K.Das
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2021
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 121 (5) 709-714 (2021)
Subject: Present status, distribution and relative abundance of IUCN red-listed fish species of River Ganga
Keywords: Fish, IUCN Red list, relative abundance, River Ganga
Abstract: Quarterly field sampling was conducted from 2016 to 2020 to understand the distribution and current status of IUCN red-listed fish species along the entire stretch of River Ganga. During the study, 18 fish species belonging to 8 orders and 12 families were recorded under the IUCN Red List. Fishes belonging to the family Synodontidae contributed highest among the threatened group. The status of fish species have been categorized on the basis of IUCN Red list. Among 18 fish species, Clarias magur and Tor putitora were categorized on the basis of IUCN Red list. Among 18 fish species, Clarias magur and Tor putitora were categorized as endangered, whereas Wallago attu and Schizothorax richardsonii were categorized as vulnerable. The present study suggests the necessary management plans and conservation strategies for these IUCN Red-listed fish species of River Ganga.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Dudgeon, D., Arthington, A.H., Gessner, M.O., Kawabata, Z.I., Knowler, D.J., Leveque, C. and Sullivan, C.A., Freshwater biodiversity: importance, threats, status and conservation challenges. Biol. Rev., 2006, 81, 163-182. Kottelat, M. and Whitten, T., Freshwater biodiversity in Asia with special reference to fish. World Bank Technical Paper, Washington, USA, 1996, p. 343.
Literature cited 2: Dahanukar, N., Raut, R. and Bhat, A., Distribution, endemism and threat status of freshwater fishes in the Western Ghats of India. J. Biogeogr., 2004, 31, 123-136. Murugan, A.S. and Prabhakaran, C., Fish diversity in relation to physic-chemical characteristics of Kamala Basin of Darbhanga District, Bihar, India. Int. J. Pharm., 012, 3, 211-217.

ID: 62545
Title: Greenhouse gas emissions from integrated nutrient management practices in pearl millet+ Melia dubia agrisilvi system
Author: P.Chandana, A.Madhavi Lata, J.V.N.S.Prasad and M.A. Aariff Khan
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2021
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 121 (5) 704-708 (2021)
Subject: Greenhouse gas emissions from integrated nutrient management practices in pearl millet+ Melia dubia agrisilvi system
Keywords: Agri-silvi system, carbon dioxide, global warming potential, greenhouse gases, nitrous oxide
Abstract: Climate change induced due to magnitudinal rise in proportions of carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O) in the environment has emerged as an indubitable concern across the globe. Hence, the impact of various organic forms of manure on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the soil and global warming potential (GWP) was studied in pearl millet + Melia dubia agri-silvi system. Replacing 25 % of nitrogen with farmyard manure (FYM), poultry manure and pongamia green leaf manure (PGLM) elevated CO2 emissions by 8.81%, 12.39%, 15.88% and NO emissions by 47.5%, 49.8% and 55.8% respectively, compared to full recommended dose of fertilizer through neem-coated urea treatment. Also, 100% recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) using neem-coated urea is effective in reducing GWP of all the treatments ranged from 1029 (unfertilized) to 1807 kg CO2 eq. ha-1 sole crop without trees). The study also reported lower CO2 and N2O emissions under tree compared to sole crop without trees, which suggests that agroforestry would reduce the overall GHG emissions. Also, use of organic manure along with inorganic fertilizers showed better carbon efficiency ratio and soil fertility status in spite of increase in GWP.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: IPCC, Summary for policymakers. In climate change 2007: Synthesis report of Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 2007, p.22. Myhre,G. et al.,Anthropogenic and natural radiative forcing. In Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group 1 to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Inter Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 2013.
Literature cited 2: Ashalatha, A., Divya, M.P., and Ajayghosh, V., Development of suitable Melia dubia based agroforestry models for higher productivity. arras Agric.J.2015, 102 (7-9) , 264-267. Winans,K., Whalen,J.K., Cogliastro,A., Rivest,D. and Ribaudo,L., Soil carbon stocks in two hybrid poplar hay crop systems in southern Quebec, Canada. Forests, 2014, 5, 1952-1966.

ID: 62544
Title: Vegetative propagation of Ulmus villosa Brandis and Ulmus wallichiana Planchon: optimizing plant growth regulators and growing media on root formation in hardwood stem cuttings
Author: Ishrat Nazir, Vaishnu Dutt, Anup Raj, G.M.Bhat, Bilal Ahmad Bhat and Akhlaq Amin Wani
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2021
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 121 (5) 691-696 (2021)
Subject: Vegetative propagation of Ulmus villosa Brandis and Ulmus wallichiana Planchon: optimizing plant growth regulators and growing media on root formation in hardwood stem cuttings
Keywords: Growing media, indole-butyric acid, stem cuttings, Ulmus villosa, Ulmus wallichiana, vegetation propagation
Abstract: Ulmus villosa and Ulmus wallichiana are agroforestry tree species of the Kashmir valley, India. Low viability and less longevity of the seeds limit their propagation. The hardwood stem cuttings of both species were propagated in growing medium (soil, sand and a mixture of cocopeat: vermiculite: perlite) and treated with different indole-butyric acid (IBA) concentrations. The results showed maximum sprouting, rooting, survival, shoot length, root length, and leaf area at 2500 and 2000 ppm IBA for U.villosa and U.wallichiana respectively. Moreover, with cocopeat: vermiculite: perlite 2: 1: 1, significant results were observed in the species. The interaction between planting media and IBA concentration showed significant variance.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Pooler, M.R., and Townsend, A.M., DNA fingerprinting of clones and hybrids of American elm and other elm species with AFLP markers. J. Environ. Hortic. 2005, 23 (3), 113-117. Thakur, S., Thakur, I.K., Singh, N.B., Sharma, J.P.and Sankanur, M., Estimation of genetic diversity in progeneies of selected genotypes of Ulmus villosa brandis using rapid markers. Indian For., 2014, 140 (12), 1221-1229.
Literature cited 2: Melville, R. and Heybrock, H.M., The elms of the Himalayas.Kew Bull., 1971, 26 (1), 5-28. Singh, R.V., Fodder Trees in India, Oxford & IBH Publication Co, New Delhi, India, 1982, pp.105-106.

ID: 62543
Title: Assessment of groundwater quality in Kanyakumari district, Tamil Nadu, using ionic chemistry
Author: T.sherene Jenita Rajammal, P.Blasubramaniam and M.J.Kaledhonkar
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2021
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 121 (5) 676-684 (2021)
Subject: Assessment of groundwater quality in Kanyakumari district, Tamil Nadu, using ionic chemistry
Keywords: Groundwater quality, ionic chemistry, irrigation, slat-tolerant crops, spatial maps
Abstract: Saline or alkali water also constitutes an important source of irrigation for agricultural production. A study was undertaken at the block level to evaluate major ion chemistry and suitability of water for irrigation purpose in Kanyakumari district, Tamil Nadu, India. A total of 215 groundwater samples were collected and analyzed for major ions and the analytical data were interpreted according to established guidelines. The spatial map shows that calcium (Ca2+) is the most dominant cation with bicarbonate (HCO3-) and chloride (Cl-) as the dominant anions. The abundance of cations follows follows the order Ca>Mg>Na>K and that of anions HCO3>Cl>So4The distribution of water samples in different water quality classes based on pH, EC, residual sodium carbonate and sodium adsorption ratio reveals good-quality underground irrigation water in most of the blocks, except Tholavai. In Thucklay, 100% of the groundwater can be used, whereas 89.7% can be used in Rajakamangalam, 81.25% in Munchirai, 80.95% in Thiruvattar and 73.7% in Kuruthencode. The Thovalai block had saline water (73.68%) and marginally saline water (26.32%). Saline water was found in about 25% of the area in the district and in situ rainwater conservation for leaching of salts accumulated through saline water irrigation is an important technology. Thus, farmers need to be trained regarding these aspects. Such areas require adequate drainage and also introduction of salt-tolerant crops.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Raju, N.J., Shukla, U.K., and Ram, P., Hydrogeochemistry for the assessment of groundwater quality in Varanasi: a fast-urbanizing center in Uttar Pradesh, India .Environ. Monit Assess., 2011, 173, 279-300. Belkhiri, L. and Mouni, L., Hydrochemical analysis and evaluation of groundwater quality in El Eulma area, Algeria.Appl.Water Sci., 2012, 2, 127-133.
Literature cited 2: Kaushik, A.K., Sharma, H.R., and Bhupinder, M., Groundwater quality of Ambala and Nilokheri cities in Haryana in relation to landuse.Environ.Ecol., 2000, 18 (3), 616-623. Sarath Prasanth, S.V., Magesh, N.S., Jitheshlal, K.V., Chandrasekar, N. and Gangadhar, K., Evaluation of groundwater quality and its suitability for drinking and agricultural use in the coastal stretch of Alappuzha District, Kerala, India. Appl. Water Sci., 2012, 2, 165-175.

ID: 62542
Title: Palynological and palynofacies assemblage from the Subathu Formation (Eocene) of Northwestern Himalaya, Nilkanth, Uttarakhand, India
Author: Rashmi Panwar, O.P. Thakur and N.N. Dogra
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2021
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 121 (5) 667-675 (2021)
Subject: Palynological and palynofacies assemblage from the Subathu Formation (Eocene) of Northwestern Himalaya, Nilkanth, Uttarakhand, India
Keywords: Dinoflagellate cysts, marine influences, nummulites, palynology, palynofacies analysis.
Abstract: The study reports a record of palynological and palynofacies assemblage comprising 29 genera and 34 species of acritarchs, pteridophytes, gymnosperms, fungal and dinoflagellates from the Kothar Section of Nilkanth, Uttarakhand. The lower part of the succession indicates terrestrial warm and humid conditions with intermittent marine influences. Presence of dinolagellate cysts in the middle part shows slight deepening of the shallow basin, while nummulites in the upper part indicate marine conditions. The overall assemblage of the Subathu Kothar area succession dates this formation to Early-Middle Eocene.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Bera, M.K.Sarkar, A. Chakrabarty,P.P.,Loyal ,R.S., and Sanyal,P. ,Marine to continental transition in Himalayan Forel and Geol.Soc.Am.Bull.,2008, 120 (9-10), 1214-1232. Bera, M.K., Sarkar, A., Chakrabarty, P.P., Ravikant, V., and Choudhary, A.K., Forced regressive shoreface sandstone from Himalayan foreland: implications to early Himalayan tectonic evolution. Sediment Geol., 2010, 229, 268-281
Literature cited 2: Bera, M.K. and Mandal, A., Forced regressive across the marine to continental transition in Jammu sub-basin: implication to the Oligo-miocene unconformity in Himalayan foreland. J. Asian Earth Sci., 2013, 67-68, 37-45. Mathur, N.S., Biotratigraphical aspects of the Subathu Formation, Kumaun Himalaya.Rec.Res.Geol., 1978, 5, 96-112.