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ID: 62905
Title: Assessment of watershed management ecosystem services in India: a meta-analysis
Author: Dinesh Chand Meena, Suresh Pal and Prem Chand
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 123 (11) 1352-1358 (2022)
Subject: Assessment of watershed management ecosystem services in India: a meta-analysis
Keywords: Carbon sequestration, ecosystem services, groundwater management, meta-analysis, participatory watershed, soil conservation.
Abstract: Besides increasing agricultural productivity, well-developed watersheds have immense potential to minimize land degradation, mitigating the adverse impact of climate change and generating several other ecosystem services (ES). Quantifying these services is quintessential in perationalizing the concept of management and decision-making relating to watershed management. The present study estimates the value of regulating (soil conservation and carbon sequestration) and supporting ES (groundwater recharge) generated by watersheds in India, and examines the factors that influence the flow of ES from watersheds. The study followed a meta-analysis approach using information from 221 watersheds in 5 major agroclimatic zones of the country. We found that the watershed generates ES to the tune of Rs 34,113 per ha, with water recharging alone accounting for 60% of it. It shows that people’s participation in the planning, implementation and management of watersheds significantly enhances ES. Macro-watersheds (≥ 1000 ha) are more effective in generating ES, underscoring the need for investment in watersheds management in the semi-arid tropical regions, where problems of degradation of natural resources are more pronounced. This study suggests policies for land restoration and payment for ES to increase their flow.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Wang, G., Mang, S., Cai, H., Liu, S., Zhang, Z., Wang, L. and Innes, J. L., Integrated watershed management: evolution, development and emerging trends. J. For. Res., 2016, 27, 967–994. Joshi, P. K., Jha, A. K., Wani, S. P., Sreedevi, T. K. and Shaheen, F. A., Impact of watershed program and conditions for success: a meta-analysis approach. In Global theme on agroecosystems (Report no. 46), international Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAI), Hyderabad, and National Centre for Agricultural Economics and Policy Research, New Delhi, 2008.
Literature cited 2: Wani, S. P., Anantha, K. H., Sreedevi, T, K., Sudi, R., Singh, S. N. and D’Souza, M., Assessing the environmental benefits of watershed development: evidence from the Indian semi-arid tropics. J. Sustain. Watershed Sci. Manage., 2011, 1(1), 10–20. IPBES, Preliminary guide regarding diverse conceptualization of multiple values of nature and its benefits, including biodiversity and ecosystem functions and services. Intergovernmental Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services, Bonn, Germany, 2015.

ID: 62904
Title: Mineralogical characterization of raw materials from Dholavira, Gujarat, India and its geological and archaeological significance
Author: Ravi Kant Prasad and V. N. Prabhakar
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 123 (11) 1341-1351 (2022)
Subject: Mineralogical characterization of raw materials from Dholavira, Gujarat, India and its geological and archaeological significance
Keywords: Archaeological site, artefacts, geological framework, mineralogical characterization, raw materials.
Abstract: Dholavira was one among the five largest settlements (probably six) of the Harappan civilization during the third millennium BCE. The location of this site in a desolate corner of Khadir Island in Kachchh, Gujarat, India, speaks well of the planning and ingenuity showed by the Harappans for making it an urban and administrative centre. Excavations at this site between 1989 and 2005 brought to light a long and continuous occupation of nearly 1500 years (c. 3000–1500 BCE), which records the rise, culmination and fall of the Harappan Civilization. Evidences for various craft activities are found from the earliest levels onwards and the Harrapans exploited various lithic raw materials for both utilitarian purposes and making ornaments. Kachchh and the Gujarat mainland are rich in raw material resources in general and agate–carnelian, limestone, various types of clay, copper–lead–silver and steatite, in particular. Dholavira contains both raw materials and finished artefacts, thus presents an ideal scenario to study. In the present study, we interpret the mineralogical characterization and probable provenance of the raw materials from different spatio-temporal contexts at the Dholavira site using techniques like XRD and SEM-EDS analysis. Samples of clay, stone raw materials and a few artefacts were selected from among the innumerable resources available at the site.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Bisht, R. S., A new model of the Harappan town planning as revealed at Dholavira in Kutch: a surface study of its plan and architecture. In History and Archaeology, Prof. H. D. Sankalia Felicitation Volume (ed. Chatterjee, B.), Ramanand Vidhya Bhawan, Delhi, 1989, pp. 397–408. Bisht, R. S., Dholavira: new horizons of the Indus civilization. Puratattva, 1991, 20, 71–82
Literature cited 2: Kenoyer, J. M., Urban process in the Indus tradition: a preliminary model from Harappa. In Harappa Excavations 1986–1990 (ed. Meadow, R. H.), Prehistory Press, Madison, USA, 1991, pp. 29–60. Kenoyer, J. M. and Miller, H.-L., Metal technologies of the Indus Valley tradition in Pakistan and western India. In The Archaeometallurgy of Asian Old World (ed. Piggott, V. C.), University of Pennsylvania Press, USA, 1999, pp. 101–151.

ID: 62903
Title: Metamorphic evolution of mafic granulites from Tiyara area, Makrohar granulite belt, Singrauli district, Madhya Pradesh, India
Author: Vikas Pandey and S. B. Dwivedi
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 123 (11) 1334-1340 (2022)
Subject: Metamorphic evolution of mafic granulites from Tiyara area, Makrohar granulite belt, Singrauli district, Madhya Pradesh, India
Keywords: Mafic granulites, metamorphic rocks, mineral assemblage, pressure, temperature
Abstract: The mafic granulite rocks from the Makrohar Granulite Belt of the Chotanagpur Granite Gneissic complex (CGGC) have been studied with reference to their petrography, mineral chemistry and pressure–temperature (P–T) conditions of metamorphism. The common mineral assemblage observed within different thin sections is orthopyroxene–clinopyroxene–hornblende–plagioclase–biotite–quartz. The average P–T condition of the mafic granulites in the study area suggests a peak of metamorphism at 799° ± 40°C/6.3 ± 0.9 kbar. However, the peak P–T estimate obtained from the conventional two pyroxene thermobarometer is 5.83–6.47 kbar and 887° ±62°C at a fixed pressure of 6 kbar, followed by post peak P–T conditions of metamorphism at 590°–693°C/ 2.1–2.4 kbar.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Harley, S. L., The origin of granulites: a metamorphic perspective.Geol. Mag., 1989, 126, 215–247. Bucher, K. and Grapes, R., Metamorphism of mafic rocks. In Petrogenesis of metamorphic rocks, Springer, Berlin, Germany, 2011, pp. 339–393.
Literature cited 2: Mazumdar, S. K., A summary of the Precambrian geology of the Khasi Hills, Meghalaya. Geol. Surv. India, Misc. Publ., 1976, 23(2), 311–324. Dwivedi, S. B. and Theunuo, K., Two-pyroxene mafic granulites from Patharkhang, Shillong–Meghalaya Gneissic Complex. Curr.Sci., 2001, 100(1), 100–105.

ID: 62902
Title: Identifying factors influencing corrosion rate in reinforced concrete under simulated natural climate
Author: Aditi Chauhan and Umesh Kumar Sharma
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 123 (11) 1327-1333 (2022)
Subject: Identifying factors influencing corrosion rate in reinforced concrete under simulated natural climate
Keywords: Chloride ions, corrosion rate, crack initiation and propagation, natural climatic conditions, reinforced concrete.
Abstract: The influence of various parameters on corrosion rate in reinforced concrete was examined using analysis of variance for crack initiation and crack propagation. phases. Water–cement (w/c) ratio was found to be the most significant factor before the onset of concrete surface crack, followed by the time of wetting. In the crack propagation phase, contribution of w/c ratio reduced while time of wetting and external chloride concentration became prominent. The concrete cover values of 30 mm and 60 mm affected the corrosion rate marginally. The diameter of reinforcing steel and spacing between bars were the least contributing factors to the corrosion rate under both phases.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: de Medeiros-Junior, R. A., de Lima, M. G. and de Medeiros, M. H. F., Service life of concrete structures considering the effects of temperature and relative humidity on chloride transport. Environ. Dev. Sustain., 2014, 17, 1103–1119. Liang, M. T., Wang, K. L. and Liang, C. H., Service life prediction of reinforced concrete structures. Cem. Concr. Res., 1999, 29, 1411– 1418
Literature cited 2: Bentz, E. C., Probabilistic modeling of service life for structures subjected to chlorides. ACI Mater. J., 2003, 100, 391–397. Jiao, J. T., Ye, Y. H., Wang, C. F. and Ye, G. C., The reliability analysis of the initiation time for RC members under chlorine salt ingress and local micro-climate. Mater. Sci. Forum, 2016, 866, 134–138.

ID: 62901
Title: Recommendations for developing predictive and systems medicine for drug discovery in India.
Author: Surat Parvatam and Sham Bharadwaj
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 123 (11) 1317-1326 (2022)
Subject: Recommendations for developing predictive and systems medicine for drug discovery in India
Keywords: Adverse outcome pathways, computational tools, drug discovery, predictive medicine, systems biology.
Abstract: Biological phenomena often emerge based on the interaction between pathways, cells and tissues, rather than a single set of genes or proteins. This has led to the emergence of systems medicine. Predictive medicine is another emerging field that aims to predict the disease onset, progression, deterioration, risk and treatment strategies. In this article, we review how systems and computational. tools are being used globally in the drug discovery pipeline. With increase in the amount of biological data being generated, data integration is also a critical aspect in systems biology. Towards this, we describe the use of various data integration frameworks. We also analyse the global and local funding patterns, regulations and challenges and propose recommendations to enable India as a key player in this area.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Berlin, J. A., Glasser, S. C. and Ellenberg, S. S., Adverse event detection in drug development: recommendations and obligations beyond phase 3. Am. J. Public Health, 2008, 98, 1366. Ahmed, S., Zhou, Z., Zhou, J. and Chen, S.-Q., Pharmacogenomics of drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters: relevance to precision medicine. Genomics, Proteom. Bioinform., 2016, 14, 298–313.
Literature cited 2: Batta, A., Kalra, B. S. and Khirasaria, R., Trends in FDA drug approvals over last 2 decades: an observational study. J. Family Med. Primary Care, 2020, 9, 105–114. Xing, J. et al., Genetic diversity in India and the inference of Eurasian population expansion. Genome Biol., 2010, 11, R113.

ID: 62900
Title: Need for evaluation of near-term energy transition policies of India based on contributions to long-term decarbonization goals
Author: R. B. Grover
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 123 (11) 1309-1315 (2022)
Subject: Need for evaluation of near-term energy transition policies of India based on contributions to long-term decarbonization goals
Keywords: Decarbonization, energy transition, net zero, policy formulation.
Abstract: India faces twin challenges of meeting the rising energy demands of a developing economy and ensuring an economy-wide low-carbon transition to stay on track with its decarbonization goal leading to a net zero energy mix by 2070. As emissions from the use of fossil fuels remain the largest source of greenhouse gas emissions in the country, a massive restructuring of the energy sector is needed. This requires integrated planning across all sectors, and the harnessing of all low-carbon energy technologies and emission reduction mechanisms so that affordable and reliable energy is available to everyone during the process of transition and after achieving net zero. This article examines the future energy requirements and surveys a wide range of studies to make recommendations for policy formulation.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Bhattacharyya, R., Singh, K. K., Grover, R. B. and Bhanja, K., Estimating minimum energy requirement for transitioning to a net-zero, developed India in 2070. Curr. Sci., 2022, 122(5), 517–527. Grover, R. B., An examination of the narratives about the electricity sector. Curr. Sci., 2020, 117(12), 1910–1918
Literature cited 2: Grover, R. B., managing transition to a low-carbon electricity mix in India. Econ. Polit. Wkly, 2021, LVI (39), 29–35. Gulagi, A., Ram, M., Bogdanov, D., Sandeep, S., Mensah, T. N. O. and Breyer, C., The role of renewables for rapid transitioning of the power sector across states in India. Nature Commun., 2022, 13, 5499.

ID: 62899
Title: Plant viruses become useful material for cancer theranostics
Author: Raja Muthuramalingam Thangavelu
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 123 (11) 1300 -1301 (2022)
Subject: Plant viruses become useful material for cancer theranostics
Keywords: Plant virus, cancer theranostics
Abstract: Amid various diseases, cancer remains one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. In India, it is among the top three most common diseases, with ~10 million cases reported in 2019. Cancer causes a million deaths per year, including those below 10 years of age. Despite advances, diagnostic procedures and treatments, the overall survival rate from cancer has not significantly improved in the past two decades. The development of imaging and therapeutic agents that target cellular and molecular activities of the disease is highly desired, since they will allow detection and treatment at early stages.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Steinmetz, N. F. and Manchester, M., Viral Nanoparticles: Tools for Material Science and Biomedicine, Pan Standard Publishing. 2011, ISBN 9789814267458. Douglas, T. and Young, M., Science, 2006, 12, 873–875 [PubMed: 16690856], doi:10. 1126/science.1123223.
Literature cited 2: Raja Muthuramalingam, T. et al., Arab J. Chem., 2020, 13(1), 2750–2765. Lico, C., Schoubben, A., Baschieri, S., Blasi, P. and Santi, L., Curr. Med. Chem., 2013, 20, 3471.

ID: 62898
Title: Malaria epidemiology and its control during the COVID-19 pandemic situation in India
Author: Sayantan Pradhan, Tuphan Kanti Dolai, Amit Kumar Mandal
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 123 (11) 1293 -1295 (2022)
Subject: Malaria epidemiology and its control during the COVID-19 pandemic situation in India
Keywords: Malaria epidemiology, COVID-19, Pandemic situation in India
Abstract: Worldwide, total malaria cases were approximately 238 million in the year 2000, which had reduced to 229 million in 2019 in 87 malaria-endemic countries. The WHO African Region contributed to 94% of the total malaria incidences, with approximately 215 million cases in 2019. The WHO Southeast Asia Region contributed approximately 3% of total malaria incidences, with nearly 6.3 million cases globally in 2019. India is situated in the WHO South-East Asia Region and malaria cases in the country declined from an estimated 20 million cases in 2000 to 5.6 million cases in 2019.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Muller, O. et al., J. Travel Med., 2019. Blasco, B. et al., Nature Med., 2017.
Literature cited 2: van der Pluijm, R. W. et al., Lancet, 2020.

ID: 62897
Title: Indian intervention to boost makhana in the domestic market and overseas
Author: Santosh Kumar and Tribhuwan Kumar
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 123 (11) 1294 -1295 (2022)
Subject: Indian intervention to boost makhana in the domestic market and overseas
Keywords: Indian intervention,Makhana, Domestic market, Overseas
Abstract: Makhana (Euryale ferox Salisb.), also known as Gorgon nut or fox nut, is one of the cash crops of family Nymphaeceae which is cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions of wetland ecosystem. The starchy white puffs derived from the seeds of makhana are nutritious and sold as a premium dry fruit commodity. Makhana is low in calorific value and rich in fibre and carbohydrates, making it a healthy snack. Fifty grams of makhana generates about 180 calories energy after cellular combustion. On the other hand, makhana contains lower amounts of cholesterol, sodium and saturated fats, which are generally not considered good for human health.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Shankar, M. et al., Int. J. Pharm. Biol. Arch., 2010, 1(2), 101–107. https://icar.org.in (accessed on 2 February 2022).
Literature cited 2: http://niftem.ac.in (accessed on 20 February 2022). https://agriexchange.apeda.gov.in (accessed on 4 January 2022)

ID: 62896
Title: Keibul Lamjao National Park: an ecological and cultural heritage of Manipur, North East India
Author: KAMBAM BOXEN MEETEI MERIBENI TSOPOE KRISHNA GIRI, R. S. C. JAYARAJ
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 123 (11) 1293 -1294 (2022)
Subject: Keibul Lamjao National Park: an ecological and cultural heritage of Manipur, North East India
Keywords: Keibul Lamjao National Park, Manipur, Northeast India
Abstract: Loktak Lake, North East India’s largest freshwater lake, is a Ramsar site which harbours rich biodiversity. The lake is a lifeline for Manipur since it is socially, economically and culturally significant to its people. To conserve the endemic and endangered Manipur brow-antlered deer locally called the sangai (the state animal of Manipur, Rucervus eldii eldii), the southern part of Loktak Lake has been established as the Keibul Lamjao National Park (KLNP), covering 40 km2 area.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Hussain, S. A., Singsit, S., Vaiphei, N., Angom, S. and Kipgen, K., Indian For., 2006, 132, 40–50. Tuboi, C. and Hussain, S. A., Mamm. Biol., 2016, 81, 53–60.
Literature cited 2: Tuboi, C. and Hussain, S. A., Aquat. Bot., 2018, 150, 71–81. Daisy, A., Ph.D. thesis, Manipur University, Imphal, 2005.

ID: 62895
Title: Effect of defoliation on tree growth of Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh in India
Author: Arvind Kumar, Jitendra Kumar and Girish Chandra
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 123 (10) 1268 -1273 (2022)
Subject: Effect of defoliation on tree growth of Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh in India
Keywords: Artificial defoliation, Clostera species, growth loss, Populus deltoides.
Abstract: To assess the impact of artificial leaf defoliation of Populus deltoides on its different growth parameters, a study was conducted on G-48 clone under field condition and four defoliation treatments, i.e., 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%, were done in addition to control. Defoliation pattern was simulated with insect defoliator Clostera spp. feeding and the experiment was conducted from July to December. Significant variation was observed in tree. height and DBH growth loss in all the treatments with respect to control, and 24.16–66.03% volume increment loss was observed under 25–100% leaf defoliation respectively.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Kartesz, J. T. and Meacham, C. A., Synthesis of the North American flora (Windows version 1.0; CD-ROM). North Carolina Botanical Garden in cooperation with the Nature Conservancy, Natural Resources Conservation Service, and US Fish and Wildlife Service, 1999. Eckenwalder, J. E., North American cottonwoods (Populus, Salicaceae) of sections Abaso and Aigeiros. J. Arnold Arbor., 1977, 58, 193–208.
Literature cited 2: Eckenwalder, J. E., Salicaceae: willow family. Part one: Populus. A new flora for Arizona in preparation. J. Arizona–Nevada Acad. Sci., 1992, 26, 29–33. Sidhu, D. S. and Dhillon, G. P. S., Field performance of ten clones and two sizes of planting stock of Populus deltoides on the Indo-Gangetic plains of India. New For., 2007, 34, 115–122; doi:10.1007/s11056-007-9042-y.

ID: 62894
Title: A new species of Indian kino tree from the Early Eocene forests of northwestern India
Author: Raman Patel, Rajendra Singh Rana, Taposhi Hazra and Mahasin Ali Khan
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 123 (10) 1264 -1275 (2022)
Subject: A new species of Indian kino tree from the Early Eocene forests of northwestern India
Keywords: Fossil leaflets, opencast mine, Pterocarpus emarginaticus, Pterocarpus marsupium, sedimentary sequences.
Abstract: Two impressed leaflet remains described here as a new species Pterocarpus emarginaticus Patel, Rana and Khan sp. nov., showing close resemblance with the extant leaflets of Pterocarpus arsupium Roxb. (Fabaceae), commonly known as the Indian kino tree, have been recorded. from the Early Cenozoic sedimentary sequences of the Gurha opencast lignite mine (Early Eocene, Palana Formation), Rajasthan, northwestern India. The diagnostic macromorphological characteristics of the fossil leaflets are elliptical to obovate shape, microphyll size, acute base, characteristic emarginate apex, pulvinate petajoule, entire margin, brochidodromous secondary veins, presence of thin intersecondary veins and reticulate tertiary veins. This is reliable fossil evidence of leaflets similar to modern P. marsupium from India and abroad. The occurrence of this species and the earlier reported angiosperm, including Fabaceae taxa from the same formation, suggest the existence of a tropical, warm and humid climate during deposition.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Lavin, M., Pennington, R. T., Klitgård, B. B., Sprent, J. I., de Lima,H. C. and Gasson, P. E., The dalbergioid legumes (Fabaceae): delimitation of a pantropical monophyletic clade. Am. J. Bot., 2001, 88, 503–533. Legume Phylogeny Working Group, a new subfamily classification of the Leguminosae based on a taxonomically comprehensive phylogeny. Taxon, 2017, 66(1), 44–77.
Literature cited 2: Polhill, R. M. and Raven, P. H. (eds), Advances in Legume Systematics: Part 1, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK, 1981, pp. 233– 242. Plants of the World Online, facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK, 2019; http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/

ID: 62893
Title: Understanding dietary differences in Indian dugongs through opportunistic gut sampling of stranded individual
Author: Sumit Prajapati, Chinmaya Ghanekar, Sameeha Pathan, Rukmini Shekar, K. Madhu Magesh, Swapnali Gole , Srabani Bose, Sweta Iyer, Anant Pande, Kuppusamy Sivakumar and Jeyaraj Antony Johnson
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 123 (10) 1259 -1264 (2022)
Subject: Understanding dietary differences in Indian dugongs through opportunistic gut sampling of stranded individual
Keywords: Dugongs, foraging pattern, megaherbivore, necropsy, seagrass.
Abstract: We analysed gut samples of stranded dugongs from Tamil Nadu and Gujarat, India, to understand their dietary preferences. We quantified seagrass fragments from the gut as leaf, stem and rhizome, and identified leaf fragments up to genera level by their morphological features and epidermal cell characteristics using an inverted microscope. The overall abundance of aboveground fragments (leaf, stem) was higher in all samples, which may suggest the dugongs use a cropping mechanism to forage. The ingested seagrass generic diversity was higher in Tamil Nadu (n = 5) dugong individuals than those in Gujarat (n = 2). A total of five genera were recorded from all samples, viz. Halophila spp., Halodule spp., Cymodocea spp., Enhalus sp. and Syringodium spp. In Tamil Nadu, Cymodocea spp. (46.24%) was the most dominant, followed by Halophila spp. (26.49%), Syringodium spp. (14.83%) and Halodule spp. (12.16%), with a low occurrence of Enhalus spp. (0.19%). In Gujarat, Halodule spp. (61.48%) was the most dominant, followed by Halophila spp. (30.20%). The recorded plastic and wood fragments suggest fine spatial scale. threat mapping in dugong habitats.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Heinsohn, G. E. and Birch, W. R., Foods and feeding habits of the dugong, Dugong dugong (Erxleben), in northern Queensland, Australia. Mammalia, 1972, 36(3), 414–422; https://doi.org/10.1515/mamm.1972.36.3.414. Marsh, H., O’Shea, T. J., Reynolds, J. E. and Reynolds III, J. E., Ecology and Conservation of the Sirenia: Dugongs and Manatees (Vol. 18), Cambridge University Press, 2012, pp. 1–521; ISBN:9780521888288, 052188828X.
Literature cited 2: Marsh, H. and Sobtzick, S., Dugong dugon (amended version of 2015 assessment). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, 2019, e.T6909A160756767; https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK. 2015-4.RLTS.T6909A160756767.en. Hines, E., Adulyanukosol, K., Duffus, D. and Dearden, P., Community perspectives and conservation needs for dugongs (Dugong dugon) along the Andaman coast of Thailand. Environ. Manage., 2005, 36(5), 654–664; https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-003-0287-8.

ID: 62892
Title: A cross-taxonomic comparison of bird and butterfly communities of Tamhini Wildlife Sanctuary, Maharashtra, India, spanning two decades
Author: Shawn Dsouza and Anand Padhye
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 123 (10) 1253 -1258 (2022)
Subject: A cross-taxonomic comparison of bird and butterfly communities of Tamhini Wildlife Sanctuary, Maharashtra, India, spanning two decades
Keywords: Conservation management, functional diversity, indicator species, landscape change, wildlife sanctuary.
Abstract: Human disturbance can alter the structure and function of ecological communities. We studied the bird and butterfly communities of Tamhini Wildlife Sanctuary, Maharashtra, India, to understand the effects of changing land use and management in two decades. We replicated a previous study conducted between 1998 and 2001; sampling seven line transects every fortnight between April. 2016 and April 2017. Species diversity increased for both taxa, and community composition was significantly different across studies. Generalist species witnessed a maximum increase in diversity, while some specialist guilds declined. While this study is limited in spatial scale, we highlight the effects of local changes in land use and management across trophic levels and the cascading effects on ecosystem function
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Hill, J. K., Hamer, K. C., Lace, L. A., Banham, W. M. T., Lacet,L. A. and Banhamt, W. M. T., Effects of selective logging on tropical forest butterflies on Buru, Indonesia. Source J. Appl. Ecol.,1995, 32, 754–760. Sodhi, N. S. et al., Conserving southeast Asian forest biodiversity in human-modified landscapes. Biol. Conserv., 2010, 143, 2375– 2384.
Literature cited 2: Anand, M. O., Krishnaswamy, J., Kumar, A. and Bali, A., Sustaining biodiversity conservation in human-modified landscapes in the Western Ghats: remnant forests matter. Biol. Conserv., 2010, 143,2363–2374. Vellend, M., Conceptual synthesis in community ecology. Q. Rev. Biol., 2010, 85, 183–206.

ID: 62891
Title: Semantic data model for knowledge representation and dissemination of cultural heritage site, Poompuhar
Author: M. Lissa, V. Bhuvaneswari, T. Devi, J. Satheesh Kumar and R. Rajeswari
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 123 (10) 1237 -1245(2022)
Subject: Semantic data model for knowledge representation and dissemination of cultural heritage site, Poompuhar
Keywords: M. Lissa, V. Bhuvaneswari, T. Devi, J. Satheesh Kumar and R. Rajeswari
Abstract: Among the ancient cities and ports of Tamil Nadu, India,Poompuhar is a historical and coastal port that emerged. With the increasing maritime trade of the early Chola kingdom. The ancient trade town and the busy port of Poompuhar symbolize the Tamil culture and civilization. up to 200 CE. The city was destroyed and washed away by big shore waves during AD 500. The submerged parts and scattered destruction remains have been identified in onshore and offshore excavations around the coastal lines of the Bay of Bengal in Tamil Nadu. Information on the port city can be found in various sources, such as archaeological evidence, historical references, coastal erosion data and Sangam Tamil literature. Here, a methodology is presented for a semantic representation of Poompuhar port city, integrating heterogeneous data to create a knowledge base by mapping and associating related entities. The knowledge base has been created using CIDOC CRM to represent Poompuhar events digitally. The experimental results of the ontology are verified exploring the submergence of Poompuhar use cases for onshore and offshore. excavations through a knowledge graph
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
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