Enter records

ID: 63460
Title: The effect of flood on seasonal dynamics of Haemaphysalis (Acari: Ixodidae) tick vectors in Western Ghats forest area of Kerala, South India
Author: R.Balasubramanian an S.Sahina
Editor: Dr.Sumati Gaumat
Year: 2022
Publisher: Triveni Enterprises
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Journal of Environmental Biology Vol. 43 (1) 66-72 (2022)
Subject: The effect of flood on seasonal dynamics of Haemaphysalis (Acari: Ixodidae) tick vectors in Western Ghats forest area of Kerala, South India
Keywords: Flood, Haemaphysalis sp.Rainfall, Ticks, Western Ghats
Abstract: Hard ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) play a significant role as vectors of disease to humans and animals by transmitting many important pathogens such as virus, bacteria, protozoa, and helminthes (Estrada-Pena an Jongejan, 1999).The most crucial tick genus in the Western Ghats of India is Haemaphysalis spp., vector of Kyasanur Forest Disease. This zoonotic disease is endemic along the Western Ghats (Balasubramanian et al.) 2019a).Thus, the abundance of these ticks is a major public and animal health issue. Key abiotic factors such as temperature, rainfall, and humidity influence the presence , development , activity, and longevity of these ticks (Knap et al., 2009; Mljak et al, 2017).Extreme events , such as heavy rain and subsequent flood, many affect the environmental distribution and abundance of ticks in their natural habitats (North and Hurteu, 2011; steel et al, 2015).The response of ticks to these factors may increase or decrease tick abundance and their distribution in the forest and wildlife (Mac Donald, 2018).Furthermore, heavy rainfall events have many indirect effects on the presence and survival of ticks, such as destruction of host animals or habitats, host migration, and spectular changes in the undergrowth of vegetation (Overbeek et al., 2008).
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Adejinmi, J.O.: Effect of water flooding on the oviposition capacity of engorged adult females and hactchability of eggs of dog ticks: Rhipicephalus sanguineous and Haemaphysalis leachi.J.Parasitol.Res., 6, 824162 (2011). Balasubramanian,R. and T.L.Nikhil:Effects of rainfall and salinity increase on prevalence of vector mosquitoes in coastal areas of Alappuzha district , Kerala.J.Environ.Biol., 36, 1325-8 (2015).
Literature cited 2: Balasubramanian, R., D.Y.Pragya, S. Sahina and V.A. Nadh: Distribution and prevalence of ticks on livestock population in the endemic area of Kyasanur forest disease in Western Ghats of Kerala South India.J.Parasit. Dis., 43, 256-262 (2019a). Balasubramanian,R.N.V.Arathy,and S.Sahina :Ecology of breeding habitats of mosquito population and screening for virus of Japanese enecephalitis and West Nile in the coastal area of Kerala, India.Vector Borne Dis. , (2021).DOI: 10.4103/0972-9062.318307.

ID: 63459
Title: Genetic variability and population structure of Leucinodes orbonalis 9Guenee), a severe insect pest of brinjal in India
Author: K.G.Padwai, S. Chakravarty and C.P.Srivastava
Editor: Dr.Sumati Gaumat
Year: 2022
Publisher: Triveni Enterprises
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Journal of Environmental Biology Vol. 43 (1) 59-65 (2022)
Subject: Genetic variability and population structure of Leucinodes orbonalis 9Guenee), a severe insect pest of brinjal in India
Keywords: Brinjal, Diversity, Leucinodes orbonalis, Mitochondrial COI gene, Phylogeny
Abstract: Brinjal (Solanum melongena L), also known as aubergine or eggplant, is a highly productive an popular vegetable crop cultivated throughout the wamer regions of the world. Being a rich and cheap source of many essential minerals and vitamins, consumption of brinjal quickly helps to meet the vital nutrient requirements even in malnourished people (Palraju et al., 2018), and is considered as “the poor man’s vegetable”. In India, it is considered as a cash crop mostly by small and marginal farmers and is cultivated in an area of about 730 ha with annual production of 12801 metric tonnes, which is about 9 percent of the total vegetable production in the country (Sikia et al, 2021).Though hardy for aboitic stress, this crop is prone attack from several insect pests and diseases.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Atikah, N.W., Y.B. Esa,M. Rozihan,M.F.S.Ismail and I.S.Kamaruddin: Phytogenetic analysis revealed first report of Eleutheronema rhadinum lineage in the coastal waters of Malaysia.J.Environ.Biol, 41, 1424-1431 (2020). Bandelt, H.J.P.Forster and Rohl: Median-joining networks for inferring intraspecific phylogenises.Mol.Biol.Evol, 16, 37-48 (1999).
Literature cited 2: Chatterjee, M.J. Yadav, S. Venilla, P.R., Shashank, N.Jaiswal, R. Sreevathsha and U. Rao: Diversity analysis reveals genetic homogeneity among Indian populations of legume pod borer, Maruca vitrata (F)3Biotech, 9 , 319 (2019) Emelianov, I.J., Mallet and W.Baltensweiler: Genetic differentiation in Zeiraphera diniana (Lepidoptera: Toricidae, the larch budmoth): polymorphism, host races or sibling species. Heredity, 75, 416-424 (1995).

ID: 63458
Title: Seasonal variation in population and biochemical contents of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stal)
Author: S.Narayana, S.Chander, S. Doddachowdappa, S.Sabtharishi and P.Divekar
Editor: Dr.Sumati Gaumat
Year: 2022
Publisher: Triveni Enterprises
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Journal of Environmental Biology Vol. 43 (1) 52-58 (2022)
Subject: Seasonal variation in population and biochemical contents of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stal)
Keywords: Brown planthopper, Glycogen, Macrropterous, Migration, Protein, Water-soluble carbohydrates
Abstract: Brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stal) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) is a serious economic pest of rice across Asia. Besides physical damage of sucking the sap, its also vector of rice grassy stunt and rice ragged stunt virus (Huang et al., 2015).Severe outbreaks of brown plant hopper have been recorded in North India in 2008 and 2013, wherein up to 70-80 % crop damage was witnessed causing distress among growers (Chander and Hussain, 2018). Such outbreaks of brown planthopper were also observed during 2016-2018 in different parts of India. The huge loss to rice crop from brown planthopper is attributed to prevalence of favourable weather conditions for its multiplication, absence of natural enemies, mono-cropping of rice (Hu et al., 2019) and migration (Hu et al, 2014).
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Bradford, M.M: A rapid and sensitive method for the estimation of microorganism quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein –dye Binding.Anal.Biochem, 72, 248-254. (1976). Briegel, H: Metabolic relationship between female body size, reserves, and fecundity of Aedes aegypti.J.Insect Physiol., 36, 165-72 (1990).
Literature cited 2: Brower, L.P., L.S. Fink and P.Walford: Fuelling the fall migration of the monarch butterfly.Integr.Comp.Biol. 46, 1123-1142 (2006). Chander, S. and M.Hussain: Brown plant hopperoutbreak in rice: Analysis of weather parameters during outbreak and non-outbreak years. Indian J.Entomol. 3, 677-682 (2018).

ID: 63457
Title: Correlation studies on pathological changes in brain with neurotransmitters and behavioural changes in Balb/c mice
Author: G.Balaji, S.N.Sinha, M.V. Surekha, V.Kasturi, S.K.Mungamuri and P.Shashikala
Editor: Dr.Sumati Gaumat
Year: 2022
Publisher: Triveni Enterprises
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Journal of Environmental Biology Vol. 43 (1) 43-51 (2022)
Subject: Correlation studies on pathological changes in brain with neurotransmitters and behavioural changes in Balb/c mice
Keywords: Altered behaviour, ASD animal model, Plasma neurotransmitters, PND 14 BALLB/c, Sodium valproate
Abstract: Autism spectrum disoroders (ASD) are heritable neurodevelopment disorders that occurring 1 to 2 % children , generally below the age of three, with differing symptoms and severity (Balaji and Sinha, 2018).ASD is characterised by impaired social interactions, impaired verbal and non-verbal communication, and the appearance of unusual stereotypic, and communication, and the appearance of unusual stereotypic , and sometimes self-injurious , behaviours factors, such as genetic aberrations, environmental insults , and social factors, contribute to the development of autism (Pragnya et al, 2014).The etiology of autism increases oxidatives stress, hyperserotoanaemia, and loss of Purkinje cell integrity in the cerebellum (Balaji and Sinha, 2018).Neurotransmitters are endogeneous chemicals, so called as chemical transmitters or chemical messengers binding neurons that play a key role in normal brain development , memory, motor activity, and behaviour regulation development ( cetlin et al., 2015).Several studies have been conducted in humans on this subject reporting neurotransmitters , corresponding mostly to the pathogenesis of ASD and are serotonergic, GABAergic and glutamatergic systems.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Al-AAmin, M.A., Zinchenko and T.Geyer, Hippocampal subfield volume changes in subtypes of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Bra.Res. 1685, 1-8 (2018). Alen, G. Cerebellar contributions to autism spectrum disorders.Clin.Neurosci.Res, 6, 195-207 (2006).
Literature cited 2: Anderson, G.M., W.C., Home, D. Chatterjee and D.J. Cohen: The hyperserotonemia of autism.Ann.Ny.Acad.Sci, 600, 331-34 (1990). Balaji, G. and S.N.Sinha: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD): A current review of assessment, risk factors and prevention.Ind.J. Biochem.Bilophys.55, 375-383 (2018).

ID: 63456
Title: Effect of a glyphosate formulation on freshwater plankton: A community combined metric approach
Author: W.M.Polla, L.Regaldo, U.Reno, A.Popielarz, S.Gervasio, V.Fernandez and A.M.Gagneten
Editor: Dr.Sumati Gaumat
Year: 2022
Publisher: Triveni Enterprises
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Journal of Environmental Biology Vol. 43 (1) 35-42 (2022)
Subject: Effect of a glyphosate formulation on freshwater plankton: A community combined metric approach
Keywords: Community parameters, Glyphosate, Herbicide, Mesocosm, Zooplankton
Abstract: Agricultural practices have increased in the last years to meet the population’s food demands. To this end, two approaches have been used: (i) expansion, by the use of new land, usually in environmentally fragile areas (II) intensification, by increasing the productivity of cultivated land. Intensification of agricultural practices involves the use of high amounts of fertilizers and pesticides. The agrochemicals applied can reach freshwater bodies of drift, leaching of runoff, affecting non target organisms (Amoros et al., 2007; Sasal eta l., 2015).There is a growing concern about the pollution of continental water bodies by agrochemicals , because their species and habitat diversity as well as their ecosystem services are declining (Ervin, 2009).Therefore there is an urgent need to study the effects of agrochemicals on the aquatic biota and the processes that support environmental biodiversity and its functionality.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Amoros, I.J.L. Alonso, S., Romaguera and J.M.Carrasco: Assessment of toxicity of a glyphosate-based formulation using bacterial systems in lake water. Chemosphere, 67, 2221-2228 (2007). Annett, R., H.R. Habibi and A. Hontela: Impact of glyphosate and glyphosate-based herbicides on the freshwater environment.J.Appl.Toxicol, 34, 458-479 (2014).
Literature cited 2: APHA (American Public Health Association): Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 23th Edn, APHA, AWWA, WPCF, Washington DC, USA (2017). Austin, A.P., G.E., Harris and W.P.Lucey: Impact of an organophosphate herbicide (Glyphosate R) on periphyton communities developed in experimental streams.B.Environ.Contam.Tax, 47, 29-35 (1991).

ID: 63455
Title: Serum deprivation enhanced ethanol-induced toxic responses in A549, lung carcinoma cells
Author: P.Khare, V.K.Singh and L.Bala
Editor: Dr.Sumati Gaumat
Year: 2022
Publisher: Triveni Enterprises
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Journal of Environmental Biology Vol. 43 (1) 26-34 (2022)
Subject: Serum deprivation enhanced ethanol-induced toxic responses in A549, lung carcinoma cells
Keywords: A549 cells, Cytotoxicitty, Ethanol, Micronucle formation, Serum deprivation
Abstract: Globally, cancer cases have been estimated to rise to 19.3 million and approximately 10 million deaths in the year 2020,as per the reports of GLOBOCAN 2020 generated by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (Sung et al., 2021).Similarly, as the Cancer Statistics Report-2020 of India produced by the National Cancer Registry Programme, India the estimated number of cancer patients in India was 1,392,179 for the year 2020(Mathur et al. 2020) .The term cancer incorporate multiple variants. Among them, the seriousness of lung cancer has increased multifold in the recent past. Lung cancer is the largest cause of cancer death despite advancements in our understanding of risk; progression, immunological control, and therapeutic choices (Bade and Dela Cruz, 2020).According to the above report, there were 2.09 million cases reported and 1.76 million deaths in 2018 due to lung cancer.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Akbar, M.M. Egli, Y.E., Cho, B.J. Song and A.Noronha:Medications for alcohol use disorders: An overview.Pharmacol.Ther.185, 64-85 (2018). Arzumanyan, A.H., Anni, R. Rubin andE.Rubin: Effects of ethano on mouse embryonic stem cells.Alcohol Clin.Expp.Res., 33.2172-2179(2009).
Literature cited 2: Bade B.C. and C.S. Dela Cruz: Lung Cancer 2020:Epidemiology.Ethiology and Prevention. Clin. Chest Med., 4, 1-24 (2020). Bagnardi, V.G., Randi, J.L bin, D. Consonni, T.K. Lam, A.F. Subar, A.M. Goldstein, S.Wacholder, A.W Bergen, M.A. Tucker, A.Decarli, N.E.Caporaso, P.A.Bertazzi and M.TLandi: Alcohol consumption and lung cancer risk in the environment and genetics in lung cancer etiology (EAGLE) study.Am.J.Epidemiol. 171, 36-44 (2010).

ID: 63454
Title: Effect of mangosteen peel extract on BPA-exposed murine during gestation
Author: K.L.Loh, P.J.Kwong, M.Y.Chan and G.C. Tan
Editor: Dr.Sumati Gaumat
Year: 2022
Publisher: Triveni Enterprises
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Journal of Environmental Biology Vol. 43 (1) 20-25 (2022)
Subject: Effect of mangosteen peel extract on BPA-exposed murine during gestation
Keywords: Bisphenol A, Endocrine disruptor, Fertility, Mangosteen peel extract
Abstract: Endocrine-disrupting chemicals are compounds that mimic, block or interfere with the function of hormones in the body’s endocrine system (Schug et al, 2011). Bisphenol A (BPA) is one among them which serve as plasticizer in the production of polycarbonate plastics, epoxy resin and unsaturated polystyrene. The usage of BPA has progressively increased worldwide due to its extensive application in manufacturing of daily necessities such as plastic bottles, food packaging, thermal paper, electronic equipment and medical appliances (Vandenberg et al., 2007). Humans can be exposed to BPA via ingestion, inhalation and skin contact at micrograms per kg of body weight daily. PA has demonstrated, multiple adverse effects on laboratory animals, in term of neurological development, behavioural changes, reproduction and lead to carcinogenesis (Inadera,2015).
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Agarwal, A.A., Aponte-Mellado, B.J.Premkumar, A. Shaman and S.Gupta: The effects of oxidative stress on female reproduction.Reprod.Biol.Endocrinol. 10, 1477-7827 (2012). Alonso-Magdalena, P.E., Vieira, S, Soriano, L. Menes, D. Burks, I. Quesada and A.Nadal: Bisphenol A exposure during pregnancy disrupts glucose homeostasis in mothers and adult male offspring .Environ.Hilth.Perspect, 118, 1243-1250 (2010).
Literature cited 2: Burstyn, I.J.W. Martin exposure to bisphenol-Afetal growth restriction: A case referent study. Int. J. Environ.Res.Public.Hilth., 10, 7001-7014 (2013). Chen, J., Y., Xiao, Z. Gai, R. Li, Z. Zhu, C. Bai, R.L. Tanguay, X. Xu, C. Huang and Q.Dong: Reproductive toxicity of low level bisphenol A exposures in a two-generation zebrafish assay: Evidence of male–sopecific effects. Aquat. Toxicol. Amst. Neth., 169, 204-214 (2015).

ID: 63453
Title: Indian scenario on the occurrence of a dreaded insect pest pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella on Bt cotton –A review
Author: G.M.V.Prasada Rao
Editor: Dr.Sumati Gaumat
Year: 2022
Publisher: Triveni Enterprises
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Journal of Environmental Biology Vol. 43 (1) 11-19 (2022)
Subject: Indian scenario on the occurrence of a dreaded insect pest pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella on Bt cotton –A review
Keywords: Bt cotton, Cry toxins, Management, options, Pectinophora gossypiella, Pink bollworm
Abstract: The pink bollworm , Pectinophora gossypiella, has become a significant production constraint on Bt cotton in India. This problem is unique to India because the pest has developed multi-fold resistance to Cry toxins in many Indian populations but not in other countries. Most India populations have developed multifold resistance to Cry 1 Ac and Cry 1Ac+ Cry 2 Ab toxins. Year-round cultivation of long-duration Bt cotton hybrids on a large scale has a pronounced impact on the incidence. Also discussed other factors responsible for the occurrence of pink bollworm on Bt cotton in India. Insecticide Resistance Management (IRM) strategies implemented by different cotton-growing countries globally; the USA, India and China had a significant impact on the interaction of pink bollworm on Bt cotton.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: AICCIP Annual Report: Al India Coordinated Cotton Improvement Project, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu (2015-16). AICCIP Annual Report: All India Coordinated Cotton Improvement Project, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu (2016-17)
Literature cited 2: August Busck: The Pink bollworm, Pectinophora Pectinophora gossypiella. J. Agr. Res., 9, 343-30 (1917). Barlett, AA. C: Resistance of the pink bollworm to Bt transgenic cotton. In Proceedings, Beltwide Cotton Conferences.Naonal Cotton Council of America, Memphis, TN. Pp.766-768 (1995).

ID: 63452
Title: Utilization of biomolecules as fuel energy and their physiological mechanism during migration in birds-A review
Author: A.S.Dixit, R.Chetri and N.S.Singh
Editor: Dr.Sumati Gaumat
Year: 2022
Publisher: Triveni Enterprises
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Journal of Environmental Biology Vol. 43 (1) 1 -10 (2022)
Subject: Utilization of biomolecules as fuel energy and their physiological mechanism during migration in birds
Keywords: Birds, Bio molecules, Energy, Fasting, Fattening, Metabolites, Migration
Abstract: Migratory birds undergo physiological and behavioural changes to fuel their high energy demanding migratory flights. They increase their food intake as part of the preparation for migration which results in increase in their body mass. Ft, carbohydrates and protein acquired from food are stored mainly in the adipose tissue (triglycerides), muscle and liver (Glycogen) and body organs (protein) in migratory birds. These stored foods ac as fuels to support birds’ migratory flights. Dietary carbohydrates and lipids not only provide energy for migration but also help in fattening as carbohydrates can be converted into fat and lipids which can be stored. Lipolysis of adipose –stored fats leads to the production of triglycerides, fatty acids and glycerol, which provide energy for migration. Fats are depleted after long migratory flights and replenished during refuelling at the stopover sites. Being chemically reduced and hydrophobic in nature, fat releases more energy on oxidation as compared to carbohydrate and protein. Due to its high energy-yielding nature, that fat is the preferred fuel to support migration in birds. Migratory birds deposit fat and deplete it during the course of migration. Though, the stored fat act as the primary source of energy, metabolism of body protein also provides energy for migratory flights. Uric acid in plasma is elevated when protein is catabolised .The metabolism of carbohydrate, stored as glycogen in liver and muscle in migratory birds, produce glucose which also fuels migration. Glucose in migratory is maintained at stable levels in plasma and it provides energy only for a flight of short period.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Akesson, S. and B.Helm: Endogenous programs and flexibility in bird migration. Front. Eco. Evo., 78, 1-20 (2020) Alerstam, T. and Lindstorm: Optimal bird migration: the relative importance of time, energy and safety. In: Bird Migration: Physiology and Ecophysiology (Ed: E.Gwinner): Springer –Verlag, New York, pp. 331-351 (1990).
Literature cited 2: Bairlein, F: How to get fat: Nutritional mechanisms of seasonal fat accumulation in migratory songbirds. Naturwissenchaften, 89, 1-10 (2002). Banerjee, S. and C.M. Chaturvedi: Migratory preparation associated alterations in pectoralis muscle biochemistry and ptroteome in Paleactic-Indian emberizid migratory finch, redheaded bunting, Emberiza bruniceps. Comp.Biochem.Physiol, 17, 9-25 (2016).

ID: 63451
Title: Study of decadal variations in width and mangrove cover of the Thane Creek, Maharashtra, India, using remote sensing
Author: Study of decadal variations in width and mangrove cover of the Thane Creek, Maharashtra, India, using remote sensing
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 124 (3) 363 -370 (2023)
Subject: Study of decadal variations in width and mangrove cover of the Thane Creek, Maharashtra, India, using remote sensing
Keywords: Creek, decadal variations, mangrove cover, mudflats, remote sensing.
Abstract: The present study depicts decadal variations in the area, width and mangrove cover of Thane Creek, Maharashtra, India, using the remote sensing technique. The study is significant because the Creek has lush-green mangrove cover on its vast intertidal region and considerable urban developmental activities are occurring around it. Landsat datasets were used for different years from 1972 to 2014 and Sentinel 2A satellite data were used for the year 2020. To understand the variations in width from mouth to upstream, the Creek was divided into three zones, viz. mouth, middle and upstream. For mangrove cover estimation, supervized classification analysis was used for images from 2005 to 2014, while object-based image classification analysis with multispectral resolution was used for images from 2020. From the results, it can be confirmed that there is an overall increase in the spatial extent of mangroves and a reduction in the width of Thane Creek. The study also shows that creek width had decreased by 1.15 km at the mouth and 0.08 km at the upstream end from 1972 to 2020, while mangrove cover had increased by 14.1 km2 from 2005 to 2020 (15 years). The overall reduction in the area between the west and east banks of the Creek was around 15.3 km2 from 1972 to 2020. This study shows that Thane Creek is rapidly narrowing at its northern end
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Chaves, A. B. and Lakshumanan, C., Remote sensing and GIS-based integrated study and analysis for mangrove wetland restoration in Ennore creek, Chennai, South India. In Proceedings of Taal 2007. The 12th Word Lake, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 2007, pp. 685–690. Borkar, M. U., Quadros, G. and Athalye, R. P., Threats to mangroves Thane creek and Ulhas river Estuary, India. J. Coast. Dev., 2007, 11, 49–57.
Literature cited 2: Vijay, V., Biradar, R. S., Inamdar, A., Deshmukh, G., Baji, S. and Madhavi, P., Mangrove mapping and change detection around Mumbai (Bombay) using remotely sensed data. Indian J. Geo-Mar. Sci., 2005, 34, 310–315. Nayak, S. and Bahuguna, A., Application of remote sensing data to monitor mangroves and other coastal vegetation of India. Indian J. Geo-Mar. Sci., 2001, 30, 195–213.

ID: 63450
Title: Sahyadri gourd (Momordica sahyadrica): a lesser-known albeit important traditional vegetable
Author: Chaudhari Ganesh Vasudeo, A. R. Desai , Parag M. Gawas , Dhillan Velip and Parveen Kumar
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 124 (3) 359 -363 (2023)
Subject: Sahyadri gourd (Momordica sahyadrica): a lesser-known albeit important traditional vegetable
Keywords: Climate resilience, hermaphrodite flower, Momordica sahyadrica, neutraceutical benefits, Sahyadri gourd, traditional vegetables.
Abstract: The World Vegetable Center, Taiwan regards traditional vegetables as one of the important means of ‘climateresilient pathways’. Momordica sahyadrica is a lesserknown traditional vegetable having neutraceutical virtues. It grows well under marginal input and partial shade environment, thereby, it aptly highlights one of its niche attributes, ‘climate resilience’. It is endemic to the typical habitat of the Western Ghats (Sahyadri mountain range) and is a distinguished species of the well-known vegetable genus Momordica. Popularizing this species, conservation through cultivation, and further focused research and development using various techniques will facilitate the recovery of promising genotypes and mainstreaming of this Sahyadri gourd.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: 1. Kuo, C. G., Schafleitner, R., Schreinemachers, P. and Wopereis, M. C. S., Vegetables and Climate Change: Pathways to Resilience. WorldVeg Publication No. 20-843, 2020; https://worldveg.tind. io/record/73383?ln=en (accessed on 26 July 2022). Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund, Biodiversity hotspots, 2022; https://www.cepf.net/our-work/biodiversity-hotspots (accessed on 26 July 2022)
Literature cited 2: Ramalhete, C., Gonçalves, B. M. F., Barbosa, F., Duarte, N. and Ferreira, M.-J. U., Momordica balsamina: phytochemistry and pharmacological potential of a gifted species. Phytochem. Rev., 2022, 21, 617–646; https://doi.org/10.1007/s11101-022-09802-7. Kattukunnel, J. J. and Antony, V. T., Momordica sahyadrica sp. nov. (Cucurbitaceae), an endemic species of Western Ghats of India. Nordic J. Bot., 2007, 24, 539–542

ID: 63449
Title: Financial burden of psychiatric disorders of Telangana state, India
Author: Gopala Sarma Poduri
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 124 (3) 355 -358 (2023)
Subject: Financial burden of psychiatric disorders of Telangana state, India
Keywords: Case study, cost estimation, financial burden, health budget, psychiatric disorders.
Abstract: Psychiatric disorders can be devastating, causing damage to the patient, his/her family and society. Financial aspect is the main criterion in a disease or group of diseases for decision-making, planning and prioritizing issues. The aim of the present study was to estimate the tangible cost of psychiatric disorders per annum in Telangana, India, from societal perspective. Cost estimation of various components was done under direct and indirect heads. The direct costs included were consultation, drugs, inpatients, investigations, procedures, psychologist consultation, rehabilitation and travel for treatment. The indirect costs included attendant, disability benefits, faith healing, loss of taxes on earnings, patients in conflict with the law, student training, statutory bodies, substance abuse, suicide and attempted suicide, work absence/loss of wages and productivity. Costs were also estimated based on other published works and local conditions. Of the Rs 140,963.0 crore cost, direct costs were only a small fraction (2%) while fraction indirect costs were high (98%). Cost due to wages and productivity loss accounted for 55% of the total cost. The estimated arrived at was several times more than the total health budget of the state. Thus, there is an urgent need to improve and expand mental health services to reduce the financial burden
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: 1. https://www.who.int/campaigns/world-mental-health-day Sagar, R. et al., The burden of mental disorders across the states of India: The Global Burden of Disease Study 1990–2017. India State Level Disease Burden Initiative Mental Disorders Collaborators. Lancet Psychiatry, 2020, 7, 148–161.
Literature cited 2: World Mental Health Day: Nearly half of India Inc employees suffer from depression, 30 April 2020; https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/magazines/panache/world-mental-health-day-nearlyhalf-of-india-inc-employees-suffer-from-depression/articleshow/ 66119215.Cms?Utm_source=contentofinterest&utm_medium=text &utm_campaign=cppst Math, S. B. et al., Cost estimation for the implementation of the Mental Healthcare Act 2017. Indian J. Psychiatry, 2019, 61(Suppl. S4), 650–659

ID: 63448
Title: Cannibalistic nature and time of habitat occupancy of invasive maize fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda are the key factors for competitive displacement of native stem borer, Sesamia inferens in India
Author: C. M. Kalleshwaraswamy, J. Divya , H. B. Mallikarjuna , Sharanabasappa S. Deshmukh and C. Sunil
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 124 (3) 348 -354 (2023)
Subject: Cannibalistic nature and time of habitat occupancy of invasive maize fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda are the key factors for competitive displacement of native stem borer, Sesamia inferens in India
Keywords: Cannibalistic nature, competitive displacement, fall armyworm, habitat occupancy, larval density, stem borer.
Abstract: Invasion of fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) has been implicated in reducing the incidence of native stem borers in India. The present study aimed to verify the reasons for the displacement of native stem borers using S. frugiperda and pink stem borer, Sesamia inferens (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Field incidence of FAW and S. inferens was recorded during the 2020 and 2021 wet seasons, indicating negligible field incidence of S. inferens compared to FAW. In controlled greenhouse experiments, the competition was measured by releasing larvae at different densities into the maize whorl and also by varying their release at two-day intervals among the two species tested. In competition assays, the frequency of cannibalism increased with increasing density. The study documents that cannibalistic nature and early habitat occupancy in the whorls by FAW are the key factors involved in reducing the incidence of native stem borer, S. inferens
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Bruno, J. F., Fridley, J. D., Bromberg, K. D. and Bertness, M. D., Insights into biotic interactions from studies of species invasions. In Species Invasions: Insights into Ecology, Evolution and Biogeography (eds Sax, D. F., Stachowicz, J. J. and Gaines, S. D.), Sinauer Associates Inc. Publishers, Sunderland, MA, USA, 2005, pp. 13–40. Bentivenha, J. P. F., Baldin, E. L. L., Hunt, T. E., Paula-Moraes, S. V. and Blankenship, E. E., Intraguild competition of three noctuid maize pests. Environ. Entomol., 2016, 45, 999–1008
Literature cited 2: Chapman, J. W., Williams, T., Escribano, A., Caballero, P., Cave, R. D. and Goulson, D., Fitness consequences of cannibalism in the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda. Behav. Ecol., 1999, 10(3), 298–303. Gao, Y. and Reitz, S. R., Emerging themes in our understanding of species displacements. Annu. Rev. Entomol., 2017, 62, 165–183.

ID: 63447
Title: Geoelectrical study for groundwater resources in parts of the Ahmedabad and Gandhinagar cities, Gujarat, India
Author: Rakesh Nikam, G. Pavankumar, Vasu Pancholi , Dilip Singh, Mehul Nagar , D. Nagarjuna and Sumer Chopra
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 124 (3) 340 -347 (2023)
Subject: Geoelectrical study for groundwater resources in parts of the Ahmedabad and Gandhinagar cities, Gujarat, India
Keywords: Aquifers, borehole data, groundwater, sedimentary basins, two-dimensional resistivity imaging
Abstract: The central alluvial plains of Gujarat, western India, consist of deposits of north–south flowing rivers from the Aravalli hills. The Gandhinagar and Ahmedabad districts in the state form a part of the Cambay basin and are occupied by Quaternary alluvium comprising mainly of sand, gravel, silt clay, kankar, etc. Direct current (DC) electrical resistivity studies have been carried out at six sites in Gandhinagar and Ahmedabad cities to map groundwater levels and major shallow subsurface geoelectric layers using a 72-electrode resistivity imaging system. Two dimensional (2D) resistivity models and borehole data infer a multilayered aquifer system in Ahmedabad. The top confined aquifer is at a depth of 22–25 m and the second unconfined aquifer is at a 60–65 m depth. These two aquifers are separated by highly compacted clay/clayey sand. For the two locations in Ahmedabad city, the 2D resistivity model suggests 10–15 m variation in the groundwater level. In Gandhinagar, as the survey location is close to the Sabarmati River and the exploitation of groundwater is less than in Ahmedabad, the groundwater table is at shallow level. Further, the resistivity estimates suggest that, at all three locations, the groundwater is moderately saline. The infer resistivity sections are correlated with groundwater level and borehole data.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Kumar, G. P., Mahender, E., Singh, Y. K., Mahesh, P. and Mohan, K., Delineation of aquifer layer along Anjar–Rapar corridor, eastern Kachchh basin, Gujarat using electromagnetic investigations. J. Indian Geophys. Union, 2016, 20, 201–208. 2. Aktarakci, H. K., Harthill, H. and Blohm, M. W., Time domain electromagnetic survey for gold exploration, Nevada. Geophysics, 1977, 62, 1409–1418.
Literature cited 2: Ebraheem, A. M., Hamburger, M. W., Bayless, E. R. and Krothe, N. C., A study of acid mine drainage using earth resistivity measurements. Ground Water, 1990, 28, 361–368. Danielsen, J. E., Auken, E., Jørgensena, F., Søndergaard, V. and Sørensena, K. I., The application of the transient electromagnetic method in hydrogeophysical surveys. J. Appl. Geophys., 2003, 53, 181–198

ID: 63446
Title: Iron technology in medieval Kerala: archaeometallurgical studies on iron artefacts from Triprangode
Author: Mo Rizwan Ahmad Qureshi , Nishkarsh Srivastava , Alok Kumar Kanungo, Amit Arora and Krishna Raj, K
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 124 (3) 333 -339 (2023)
Subject: Iron technology in medieval Kerala: archaeometallurgical studies on iron artefacts from Triprangode
Keywords: Archaeometallurgical studies, AMS dating, iron artefacts, medieval period, microstructure
Abstract: Iron was a new entrant and a must in weaponry in the 2nd and 1st millennium BCE. There is every possibility of iron being used for generations, and deposited or hidden it for use in the times of need or even as a part of religious activities. Dating iron has been mostly based on the associated finds, and iron has been repeatedly melted, shaped and reused. Differentiating the iron in use at present from that in earlier times has been a challenge, and requires the dating of artefacts. Chemical objects characterization is contextual-specific. Three iron objects recovered from a cave near Triprangode, Kerala, India was studied using various analytical techniques to understand the metallurgical characteristics such as microstructure, phases, inclusions and production technology. The artefact was also dated using accelerator mass spectroscopy (AMS). The three artefacts included two swords and a tripod, which were reported to belong to the 1st millennium BCE based on associated pottery finds and typological comparison. Optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy techniques were employed for microstructure analysis. X-ray fluorescence analysis was used to identify the elements present in the samples. X-ray diffraction and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analyses were performed to identify the phases present in the samples. AMS radiocarbon dating was carried out to determine the age of the artefacts. A combination of these techniques helped identify the iron-making process.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Jaikishan, S., Survey of iron and wootz steel production sites in northern Telangana. Indian J. Hist. Sci., 2007, 42, 445–460. Singh, A. K., Kanungo, A. K., Selvakumar, V. and Arora, A., Ancient high carbon steel from South Tamil Nadu, India: microstructural and elemental analysis, Curr. Sci., 2021, 121, 239–247.
Literature cited 2: Srinivasan, S., Indian iron and steel, with special reference to southern India. In The World of Iron, Archetype Press, London, 2013, pp. 83–90. Thiele, A., Smelting experiments in the early medieval fajszi-type bloomery and the metallurgy of iron bloom, Period. Polytech. Mech. Eng., 2010, 54, 99–104.