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ID: 63595
Title: Biomass and Carbon stock Assessment of Phanerophytes: A case study of village Ecosystem used for Ecological Optimization to Mitigate Climate Change
Author: Subhajit Lahiri, Monalisa Das and Moumita Chatterjee
Editor: Aarti Chaudhary
Year: 2019
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 145 (11) 1048- 1052 (2019)
Subject: Biomass and Carbon stock Assessment of Phanerophytes: A case study of village Ecosystem used for Ecological Optimization to Mitigate Climate Change
Keywords: Girth at breast height (GBH), Phanerophytes, Carbon sequestration potential, Village ecosystem
Abstract: The present communication is based on Carbon sequestration potential of ten selected ligneous species which were predominant in the Rajhat village of Hooghly district. It was observed that Sweetenia Mahogani has highest carbon sequestration potential whereas Disoxylum costulatum has lowest potential. The correlation between GBH and height with carbon sequestration potential were determined which is positive which summing up it can be said that , the present work exhibit the pathway of aesthetic rejuvenation though landscape designing with environmental optimization through CO2 sequestration with appropriate trees.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Das M. and Mukherjee A. (2015) .Carbon sequestration potential , its correlation with height and girth of selected trees in the Golapbag Campus, Burdwan, West Bengal (India) .Indian Journal of Scientific Research, 10 (1) : 53-57. Das M., Das M. and Mukherjee A. (2017) .Carbon sequestration potential of eight tree species selected from the Golapbag campus of Burdwan university, West Bengal (India) .Research Journal of Pharmaceutical ,Biological and Chemical Sciences , 8 (2) : 1901-1908.
Literature cited 2: Gitay H; Sqarez A; Watson R T. and Dokken D.J. (2000) .Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Hangarge L.M., Kulkarni D.K. Gaikwad V.B., Mahajan D.M. and Chudhari N. (2012) .Carbon sequestration potential of trees species in Somjaichi Rai (Sacred grove) at Nandghur village, in Bhor region of Pune District, Maharashtra State, India. Annals of Biological Research, 3 (7): 3426-3429.

ID: 63594
Title: Biomass and Carbon Stocks in different Tree species of Kaptai National Park, Bangladesh
Author: Mohammed Mukhlesur Rahman, M.Al-Amin and Syed Hafizur Rahman
Editor: Aarti Chaudhary
Year: 2019
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 145 (11) 1039- 1047 (2019)
Subject: Biomass and Carbon Stocks in different Tree species of Kapitai National Park, Bangladesh
Keywords: Biomass and Carbon Stocks in different Tree species of Kaptai National Park, Bangladesh
Abstract: The aboveground, belowground and total tree biomass along with carbon stocks were estimated in forests of the Kaptai National Park of Bangladesh. These forests are composed of some evergreen and deciduous trees, some of which are natural and others were planted. Seventy seven tracks or reference points, 500 m apart from each other, were selected randomly throughout the park area, and had 4 plots of 10 m were selected randomly throughout the park area, and had 4 plots of 10 m radius in each of these tracks. Each plot had an area of 314m2; so the total sampling area was 9.67 hectares. All the trees in each plot were measured for height and diameter at breast height, which were used to calculate the biomass following an allometric equation. There were 65 trees species in the area; the most dominant trees were Acacia auriculiformis, Dipterocarpus turbinatus, Gmelia arborea, Lagerstroemioa speciosa, Swieteni macrophylla and Tectona grandis. Biomass and carbon stocks per tree of these species varied among themselves and with age. The average increment rates in biomass of these species indicated their relative potentials of fixing carbon. However, biomass and carbon stocks of these corresponding tree species were 35.03, 73.86, 23.52, 30.16, 44.49, and 42.67 mg ha-1 .Mean values of aboveground, belowground and total tree biomass were 37.41, 3.86 and 41.27 Mg ha-1 respectively. However, biomass values of some of the trees species differed significantly higher biomass than others; G.arborea and L.speciosa were similar but differed from the rest of the tree species. Again, the highest carbon stock per tree was in D.turbinatus -0.37 Mg C tree-1, followed by S.macrophylla -0.23 Mg C tree-1 and T.grandis -0.21 Mg C tree-1.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Achard F., Eva H.D., Mayaux P., Stibig H. J. and Belward A.(2004).Improved estimates of net carbon emission s from land cover change in the tropics for the 1990s.Glob Biogeochem Cycles, 18:1029-1042. ADB (Asian Development Bank) (2001) .Chittagong Hill Tracts Region Development Plan. Final Report No.3: Agriculture and Marketing in the CHT.ADB TA No.3328.Rangamati.
Literature cited 2: Asadozzaman Nur, Rajasree Nandi, Mohammed Jashimuddin and Mohammed Akheter Hossain (2016) Tree species composition and regeneration status of Shitalpur Forest beat under Chittagong North Forest Division, Bangladesh. Advances in Ecology, Volume .2016, Article id 5947874, 7 pages. Baker T.R., Phillips O.L., Malhi Y., Almeida S., Arroyo L., Di Fiore A., Erwin T., Kileen T.J., Laurence S.G., Lurence W.F., Lewis S.L., Lloyd J., Monteagudo A., Neill D.A., Patino S., Pitman N.C.A., Silva J.N.M and Vasquez Martinez R.(2004).Variation in wood density determines spatial patterns in Amazonian forest biomass. Global Change Biol., 10:1-18.

ID: 63593
Title: Wood specific Gravity of Temperate Forest species of Garhwal Himalaya, India
Author: Subhasis Mahato, Kaiser Iqbal, Showkat Aziem, Aatif Hussain, Dharamveer, Sabyasachi Dasgupta and N.P. Todaria
Editor: Aarti Chaudhary
Year: 2019
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 145 (11) 1035- 1038 (2019)
Subject: Wood specific Gravity of Temperate Forest species of Garhwal Himalaya, India
Keywords: Stem core, Temperate species, Uttarakhand Himalaya, Wood Specific gravity
Abstract: One of the parameters for terrestrial biomass estimation is specific gravity of the woody species. Present study reports wood specific gravity of 26 species. Maximum moisture content method was used to calculate specific gravity. Specific gravity of eight species (8) was found between 0.71-0.80, seven species between (0.61-0.70) and specific gravity of 0.31-0.40 was recorded for only one species .Out of 26 species, Cedrus deodara has the highest specific gravity and the lowest value was recorded for Robus ellipticus.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Baker T.R., Phillips L.O., Malhi Y., Almeida S., Arroyo L., Difiore A., Erwin T., Killeen J.T., Laurance G.S., Laurance F.W., Lewis L.S., Lloyd J., Monteagudo A., Neill A.D., Patino S., Pilan A.C.M., Silva M.N.J. and Martinez V.R. (2004) .Variation in wood density determines spatial patterns in Amazonian forest biomass. Global Change Biology.10:545-562. Bhatt B.P. and Todaria N.P. (1990) .Fuelwood characteristics of some mountain trees and shrub, Biomass, 21:233-238.
Literature cited 2: Bhatt B.P. and Todaria N.P. (1992) .Firewood characteristics of some mountain trees and shrub, Commonwealth Forestry Review, 71 (314): 183-185. Bhatt B.P. and Todaria N.P. (1992) .Fuelwood characteristics of some Indian mountain species. Forest Ecology and Management, 47: 363-366.

ID: 63592
Title: A Glimpse in to Forest Research in Tamil Nadu Forest Department over a Century
Author: S. Balaji
Editor: Aarti Chaudhary
Year: 2019
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 145 (11) 1027- 1034 (2019)
Subject: A Glimpse in to Forest Research in Tamil Nadu Forest Department over a Century
Keywords: Forest Research, Evolution of organization, Research priorities, Future portends
Abstract: Tamil Nadu Forest Research wing celebrates its centenary this year. On this occasion, this paper briefly reviews the evolution of the State Forest Research Institute over the years in terms of its organization and research priorities. The focus of research evolved from developing nursery technology for forestry species and developing volume tables to evaluating different fast-growing exotics like Eucalyptus and wattle to promote industrial forestry in sixties and seventies. Subsequently, raising of Acacias under Social forestry and multiple use species under Joint Forest Management project in eighties and nineties had built in research component to support them. The current priorities for biodiversity conservation and bio-productivity enhancement are discussed. The future challenges and organizational reforms required for improving the quality of research and sustaining the continuity of personnel to achieve better delivery are discussed toward the end.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Anon (1921) .Silvicultural Research in Madras Presidency 1919-20 prepared by Rao Sahib Venkatramana Ayyar, Extra Deputy Conservator of Forest Research Officer, Madras Forest Bulletin No.1 Anon., (1924) .Silvicultural Research in Madras Presidency 1922-23 prepared by J.M.Sweet, Deputy Conservator of Forest and Forest Research Officer, Madras Forest Bulletin.
Literature cited 2: Anon., (1949) .Forest Research in India during 1947-48, FRI, Dehradun Anon. (1962) .A bridged Annual Report on Silvicultural Research in Madras State for the year 1959-60 prepared by Sri A.Yegnaswami, State Silviculturist, and Government of Madras.

ID: 63591
Title: The Economic Value of Forests: An Analysis of the Provisioning Services of Laokhowa and Burhachapori Wildlife Sanctuaries of Assam, India
Author: Kulen Chandra Das and Mrinal Kanti Dutta
Editor: Aarti Chaudhary
Year: 2019
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 145 (10) 998-1006 (2019)
Subject: The Economic Value of Forests
Keywords: Economic valuation, Environmental services, Missing Market, Ecosystem services (ESS), Anthropogenic pressure
Abstract: Economic valuation is a process of ascribing monetary values to the unquantifiable social and environmental services of the eco-system. The need for valuation arises since the intangible services of an ecosystem are not taken into account while making environmental decision making leading thereby to missing markets and eventually to their exploitation and loss. This paper seeks to estimate values of provisioning services of the forest ecosystem of Laokhowa and Burchapori wildlife Sanctuaries of Assam in North East India. Once good repositories of floral and faunal diversity the sanctuaries suffered huge setback during eighties of the last century and presently grappling for survival due to huge anthropogenic pressures. Using primary data from 302 fringe households, the study identifies nine important provisioning services harvested by the fringe people. Besides providing nutritional security, these services fulfil occasional cash shortage of the collectors. Using market price method, this paper quantifies the value of the provisioning services both the sanctuaries together to be Rs 8.7 million. The paper further attempts to estimate the per hectare value of the sanctuaries on account of the provisioning services, including grazing, and finds it to be worth Rs 7685.6 ($106).
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Adepoju A.A. and Salau A.S. (2007) .Economic Valuation of Non-timber Forest Products (NTFPs) .MPRA paper 2689.Available at http://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/2689. Angelsen A., Jagger P., Babigumira R.,Belcher B., Hogarth N.J. Bauch S., Borner J., Smith-Hall C. And Wunder S. (2014) .Environmental Income and Rural Livelihood: A global Comparative Analysis .World Development, 64: 12-28.
Literature cited 2: Appasamy P. (1993) .Role of non-timber forest products in a susbsistence economy: the case of a joint forestry project in India. Economic Botany, 47:258-267. Belcher B., Achdiawan R. and Dewi S. (2015) .Forest –Based Livelihoods Strategies Conditioned by Market Remoteness and Forest Proximity in Jharkhand, India. World Development, 66: 269-279.

ID: 63590
Title: Conservation Status of the Indian Peafowl Pavo cristatus (Aves: Galliformes: Phasianidae) in Bangalore University Campus, Bengaluru, Kanataka, India
Author: S.Rajashekara, N.Ananda, S.Amulya, M.Bhagyashree, Najma Khanam, Y.Pratibha, Shahista Imraz, R.S. Sowmyashree, V.Hamsa Rekha, D.S.Vijayalakshmi and M.G.Venkatesha
Editor: Aarti Chaudhary
Year: 2019
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 145 (10) 992- 997 (2019)
Subject: Conservation Status of the Indian Peafowl Pavo cristatus
Keywords: Abundance, Indian Pea fowls, Conservation methods, Nesting trees.
Abstract: The Indian Peafowl, Pavo cristatus was abundant in Bangalore University Campus (BUC) during 1970-80.However, the peafowl population declined alarmingly in the BUC region after 1990.The present paper deals with the abundance, sex ratio of peafowls and their conservation methods in the Biodiversity Park (Bio-Park) of BUC, which had been established in 2006.A total of 117 peafowls was recorded in the BUC region in which the females outnumbered the males. The increased abundance of the peafowl population in the campus could be mainly due to the availability of suitable roosting, foraging and nesting sites. The peafowls have used 18 species of plants and trees for perching and roosting in BUC. The peafowl population increased in the BUC region due to habitat rejuvenation and protection, availability of food sources and breeding/nesting sites. The results of the present investigation constitute the baseline data for the further understanding of the ecological community of national bird in the protected habitats as hotspots for biodiversity of urban ecosystem. Conservation of microhabitats through the proper restoration of ponds, streams and water check-dams including vegetation in the BUC is responsible for the existence of peafowl population.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Ajay G.A. (2010) .Studies on the ecology and conservation strategies for Indian Peafowl Pavo cristatus in some selected areas of Karnataka. Ph.D. thesis, Department of Post Graduate Studies and Research in applied Zoology, Kuvempu University, Shimoga. iv+149 pp. Ali S (2012) .The Book of Indian Birds. Salim Ali Centenary edition. Bombay Natural History Society, Mumbai and Oxford University Press, New Delhi.
Literature cited 2: Ali S. and Ripley, S.D. (1983).A pictorical guide to the birds of the Indian subcontinent.1st edition. Oxford University Press, New Delhi. Ali S. and Ripley S.D. (1987).Compact Handbook of the Birds of Indi and Pakistan together with those of Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan and Srilanka.2nd edition. Bombay Natural History Society, Mumbai: xiii+737 pp.

ID: 63589
Title: Man-Wildlife Conflict due to Agriculture Practice in The Fringe Areas of Little Rann of Kachchh (LRK), Gujarat, India
Author: Darpak Joshi, Ketan Tatu, Jigar D. Joshi and R.D. Kamboj
Editor: Aarti Chaudhary
Year: 2019
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 145 (10) 986- 991 (2019)
Subject: Man-Wildlife Conflict due to Agriculture Practice in The Fringe Areas of Little Rann of Kachchh (LRK), Gujarat, India
Keywords: Cropland, Fringes, Indian Wild Ass, Little Rann of Kachchh, Man-wildlife conflict.
Abstract: Rural or tribal communities and wildlife in different parts of country have a long history of co-existence with variable types and intensity of Man-wildlife interaction. In the past, intensity of Man-wildlife competitive interaction for common resources might have been less due to low human population. In turn, ample space to inhabit and sufficient life supporting resources were available for man and wildlife. Thus, in the past there might be a limited confrontation between man and wild animals for daily life requisites like land, food and water. However, the present time-frame, due to ever-increasing human population land utilization and natural resource exploitation by man has increased to substantial levels. In turn, the present era, chances of confrontation between rural/tribal communities and wildlife sharing the sample localities for avialble natural resources have increased in various parts of the country including those in Gujarat state. Existence of high population of human beings and their livestock and good population of a variety of wild ungulates and predators in a landscape such as the Little Rann of Kachchh (LRK), often lead to Man-wildlife friction which furthergive rise to undesirable effects on social, economic and cultural life man and conservation of wildlife. An attempt is made through the present study to assess this scenario in the context of man-wildlife interaction due to crops, which constitute a natural resource shared by man and Wild Ass in the fridge areas of LRK.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Dave C.V. (2010) .Understanding conflicts and conservation of Indian wild ass around Little Rann of Kachchh, Gujarat, India. Final Technical report submitted to Rufford Small Grant Program, UK. GEER Foundation (2017) .Conservation Mapping of Little Rann of Kachchh Landscape under Biodiversity Conservation in Rural Livelihood Improvement Project (BCRLIP).Gujarat Ecological Education and Research (GEER) Foundation,Gandhinagar,Gujarat,India.622 pp.
Literature cited 2: Gee E.P. (1963) The Indian Wild Ass: A survey .J. Bombay Natural History Society, 60 (3): 517-529. Gordon I.J (2009).What is the future for wild, large herbivores in human-modified agricultural landscapes? Wildlife Biology, 15 (1): 1-9.

ID: 63588
Title: Avifaunal Community Composition and Current Status in Basai Wetlands: An important Bird area in Haryana, India
Author: Deepak Rai, Rakesh Gulia, Girish Chopra and Parmesh Kumar
Editor: Aarti Chaudhary
Year: 2019
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 145 (10) 971- 985 (2019)
Subject: Avifaunal Community Composition and Current Status in Basai Wetlands: An important Bird area in Haryana, India
Keywords: Basai wetlands, Birds, Conservation, Endangered, Habitat alteration
Abstract: Basai wetlands-an Important Bird Area (IBA site) Haryana, India, is a potential wintering site for migratory birds from the Palearctic region. Field line-transects method together with opportunities observations to assess assemblage of avifauna in this IBA site. A total of 171 avian species belonging to 51 families and 17 orders were recorded, of which 101 were residents, 62 were winter migrants and 8 were summer migrants. Antidae was the most diverse avian family. Species richness (104 species in 2016, and 98 species in 2017). Was recorded to be highest in the month of January. Eight species are considered as Near Threatened, four species as Vulnerable, two species and Endangered and one species as Critically Endangered in IUCN Red List. Ten species having a globally declining population trends, are frequently seen in the study area. This reveals that the study area is potential habitat for bird species of conservation priorities. Habitat alteration, weed infestation, water scarcity, discharge of untreated domestic sewage and industrial effluents remained as the major threats to the avifauna. Regular and long-term monitoring of avifauna is an excellent means of keeping watch on ecosystem health and thus might be useful to foster its sustainable improvement.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: All A.M.S., Kumar S.R. and Arun P.R. (2013) .Waterbird assemblage in rural ponds of Samakhiali region ,Kutch District, Gujarat, India. Bird Populations, 12:12-18. Bassi N., Kumar M.D., Sharma A., and Pardha-Saradhi P.(2014).Status of wetlands in India: a review of extent, ecosystem benefits, threats and management strategies. J. Hydrology: Regional Studies, 2:1-19.
Literature cited 2: Bhat I.P., Cristopher S.S and Hosetti B.B. (2009).Avifaunal diversity of Anekere wetland, Karkala Udupi District, Karnataka, India. J. Environmental Biology, 30:1059-1062. Bhatnagar C., Jani K and Sharma V. (2007).Vanishing habitats of aquatic birds in the city of lakes, Udaipur: a case study. Indian Forester, 133: 1395-1402.

ID: 63587
Title: Exploring the Human Wildlife interface in Social Forestry Division Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh
Author: Virat Singh Tomar, Sandeep Rout and Vijaya Rawat
Editor: Aarti Chaudhary
Year: 2019
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 145 (10) 962- 970 (2019)
Subject: Exploring the Human Wildlife interface in Social Forestry Division Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh
Keywords: Human, Conflict, Tiger, Snake
Abstract: Study was conducted on the Exploring the Human Wildlife interface, offences and community aspects in Social Forestry Division Bareilly ,Uttar Pradesh in 2013-2015.The study method consisted of data collection from primary and secondary resources and the wild animals pug mark, killing the animals and attack on humans in different villages of Social forestry Division Bareilly. The sighting was recorded from agriculture fields, village cottages, along Beghul River, water tank, graveyard and near the rivulet. Rural areas were infested with the conflicts of nilgai, black buck, rhesus macaque, wild pig, jackal and snake conflicts. A few cases of tiger/leopard conflict and problems due to bird species were also reported. The data received from the Social Forestry Division, Bareilly showed that 1183 problematic rhesus macaque were captured from different locations of Bareilly namely municipal corporation Bareilly, villages like simra Ajuba Begam and Rajau Parasapur villages. These monkeys were released by the Forest department to natural habitat. Road accident by wild animals and snake bite cases was also reported during the survey.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Altmann J. (1974).Observational study of behaviour. Sampling methods. Behavior, 49 (3): 35-40. Cnossen C. (1997). Secondary Research: Learning Paper 7, School of Public Administration and Law, the Robert Gordon University, January 1997.Available online (telnet): jura2.eee.rgu.ac.uk/dsk5/research/material/resmeth
Literature cited 2: Chouksey S. and Singh S. (2018). Assessment on the impacts of human-tiger conflict and community-based conservation in Bandhavgarh Tier Reserve, Madhya Pradesh, India, J. Threatened Taxa, 10 (7): 11844-11849.Dickman A.J. (2010) .Complexities of conflict: the importance of considering social factors for effectively resolving human-wildlife conflict. Animal Conservation, 13: 458-466.doi:10.1111/j.1469-1795.2010.00368.x

ID: 63586
Title: Integrating Conservation and Development in Southern Western Ghats of Kerala, India: Achievements, Challenges and Opportunities
Author: Aditi Bhardwaj
Editor: Aarti Chaudhary
Year: 2019
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 145 (10) 954- 961 (2019)
Subject: Integrating Conservation and Development in Southern Western Ghats of Kerala, India: Achievements, Challenges and Opportunities
Keywords: Ecodevelopment, Livelihood assests, Conservation development, Human Capital, Social Capital
Abstract: Ecodevelopment, a co-management model, is a site-specific approach, which seeks active community participation and ownership for the twin objectives of conservation and development in and around Protected Areas (PAs).The last three decades of implementation of this approach in different Pas of India have given mixed results. This study, carried out in three important Pas of Southern Western Ghats in Kerala, tries to evaluate the programme, present a people’s perspective on the issue of conservation and development and highlights the emerging challenges for effectively carrying forward these initiatives. Study employs a mixed approach to qualitative and quantitative assessment through surveys, focused group discussions and in-depth interviews with different Ecodevelopemnt Committees. The study reveals that while the programme has been largely successful achieving its objectives, there are variations primarily in terms of secondary benefits, which could be attributed to the varying extent of handholding and strength of institutional frameworks in three sites. Moreover, there are newer challenges that are emerging which call for a dynamic and flexible outlook towards continuation of these initiatives.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Badola R., Bhardwaj A.K. and Rathore B.M.S. (1998).Sharing Benefits of Conservation: Emerging Scenarios in People-PA Relationship in India. In Proc. of the National Seminar on Biodiversity Conservation-Challenges and Opportunities, October 9-10, 1998.Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education. Bhardwaj A.K. (2007) .An Assessment of Ecodevelopemnt Initiatives in Oeriyar Tiger Reserve, Kerala, India. Ph.D thesis Submitted to Forest Research Institute University, Dehradun.
Literature cited 2: Brockington D. (2002).Fortress conservation: the preservation of the Mkomazi Game Reserve, Tanzania. Indiana University Press. Cernea M.M (1987).Farmer organization and Institution building for sustainable development.

ID: 63585
Title: Nest and Nesting of Estuarine Crocodiles, Crocodylus Porosus Schneider in Bhitarkanika National Park of Odisha, India
Author: Sudhakar Kar and Soumya Darshan Pradhan
Editor: Aarti Chaudhary
Year: 2019
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 145 (10) 946- 953 (2019)
Subject: Nest and Nesting of Estuarine Crocodiles, Crocodylus Porosus Schneider in Bhitarkanika National Park of Odisha, India
Keywords: Crocodylus porosus Schneider, Estuarine Crocodiles, Nesting, Bhitarkanika National Park
Abstract: Study on nests and nesting biology of estuarine crocodiles (Crocodylus porosus Schneider) was conducted for a period of ten years from April 2007 to August 2016 in Bhitarkanika National Park of Odisha, India. Crocodile nests were visited and monitored during each nesting season. The hatchling emergence and behaviour of nest guarding mother crocodiles were observed on some selected nests. The distance of crocodile nests from tidal water was recorded with a mean 6.23 ± 4.23 m. The preferred nesting materials were phoenix paludosa (59.78%), Acrostichum aureum (29.15%) Myriostachya wightiana (5.35%).The average size of nests within a week after egg laying: height 69.80 ± 7.86 cm and diameter 152.80 ± 11.86 cm. The number of wallows varies from one to four per nest. The nest height above egg cavity was 20.75 ± 3.0 cm and below egg cavity was 25.91± 1.31 cm. The egg clutch size varies with size and age of nesting crocodiles. It was observed that 23 nesting mothers laid minimum 30 to maximum 67 eggs (mean =45.7 ± 9.55).The mean egg length was 7.01 ± 0.41 cm, width 4.9 ± 0.39 cm and weight 110.6 ± 4.37 gm. Nests were predated by Varanus salvator, Sus scrofa and occasionally python molurus. Hatchlings were predated by Varanus salvator and Haliaeetus leucogaster.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Banerjee L.K. (11984) .Vegetation of Bhitarkanika Sanctuary in Cuttack district, Orissa, India. J. Econ. Tax. Bot., 5 (5): 1065-1079. Behura B.K. and Kar S.K. (1984). The Bhitarkanika Wildlife Sanctuary.Pranikee, 5: 31-34.
Literature cited 2: Britton A.R.C. (2001) .Review and classification of call types of juvenile crocodilians, and factors affecting distress calls. In: Crocodilian Biology and Evolution, (G.C.Grigg, F. Seebacher and C. E. Franklin, eds), Survey Beatty and Sons, Chipping Norton.364-377 pp. Bustard H.R. (1974).A preliminary survey of the prospects for crocodile farming (India) .FO: IND/71/033 October 1974.FAO, Rome, 50 pp.

ID: 63584
Title: Status and distribution of Avifauna in Ramnagar forets Division, Western Terai-Arc Landscape, Uttarakhand
Author: Tanver Ahmed, Harendra Singh Bargali and Afifullah Khan
Editor: Aarti Chaudhary
Year: 2019
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 145 (10) 935- 945 (2019)
Subject: Status and distribution of Avifauna in Ramnagar forets Division, Western Terai-Arc Landscape, Uttarakhand
Keywords: Birds, Community structure, Feeding guild, Multiple-use reserve forest, Uttarakhand
Abstract: Mushrooming human population, large scale agriculture and infrastructural development projects over the last two decades have fragmented and degraded the habitats outside the protected areas. Scientific studies on birds inTerai-Arc Landscape are primarily restricted to protected areas. Authors have assessed the status and distribution of birds between November 2016 and June 2017 in Ramnagar Forest Division, Uttarakhand. Data on birds was collected by employing Mckinnon’s Species Richness method, on 1 km randomly laid transects in various habitats. A total of 254 species representing 18 orders and 64 families including three vulnerable and five near threatened species were encountered with the domination of Passeriformes (146 species).Most of the recorded species were resident (73.2%) followed by winter visitor (20.4%).Woodland supported the highest bird diversity (H=3.869) and feeding guild diversity (H=1.403).Majority of species were insectivore (143 species) which dominated human habitation/agriculture , scrubland, grassland, and woodland while carnivores and piscivore in a barren land and water body respectively. The current information is expected to aid in planning future conservation and management strategies outside protected areas.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Ahmed T., Bargali H.S., Verma N. And Khan A. (2018) .Status of wildlife habitats in Ramnagar Forest Division, Terai-Arc Landscape, Uttarakhand, Indi. Geoscience Research, 3 (1): 1-8. Asefa A., Davies A.B., McKechnie A. E., Kinahan A.A and van Rensburg B.J. (2017) Effects of anthropogenic disturbance on bird diversity in Ethiopian montane forests. The Condor, 119 416-430.
Literature cited 2: Brook T.M., Pimm S.L and Oyugi J.O (1999) .Time lag between deforestation and bird extinction in tropical forest fragments. Conserv .Biol., 13: 1150-1150. Chettri N., Deb D.C., Sharma E. and Jackson R. (2005).The relationship between bird communities and habitat. Mt Res. Dev., 25 (3): 235-243.

ID: 63583
Title: Fatal Human and Elephant Conflicts, 2000-2017: Anamalai Tiger Reserve, Southern Western Ghats
Author: M. Deivanayaki, N. Ezhilarasi and B.Ramakrishnan
Editor: Aarti Chaudhary
Year: 2019
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 145 (10) 927- 934 (2019)
Subject: Fatal Human and Elephant Conflicts, 2000-2017: Anamalai Tiger Reserve, Southern Western Ghats
Keywords: Anamalai Tiger Reserve, Human-Elephant Conflict, Human deaths, Elephant deaths
Abstract: Human-Elephant Conflict (HEC) is one of the challenges that the forest managers face today. An attempt was made to consolidate HEC in Anamalai Tiger Reserve (ATR) from the period 200-2017.The secondary data were collected from the records of the forests department. The result revealed that there were thirty-nine human deaths and forty-one human injuries caused by elephant. Of which 92% of casualities were caused by wild elephants and 8 % by captive elephants. Maximum numbers of deaths were recorded in 2011 and no deaths were recorded in 2010, 2013 and 2016.Most of the human deaths (94%) were recorded outside of the forest areas. Of which 77% were occurred in Tea plantations. Among the six ranges in ATR , high causalities was recorded in Manombolly range (59%) ,High human causalities were recorded in December and February months, few incidences were recorded in December and February months, few incidences were recorded in the months of March and July. Totally 176 elephant deaths were recorded from 2001 to 2017 and in which maximum 21 (12%) in 2012, 2013 and minimum 2 (1%) in 2001 and 200.The result shows that natural factors (50%) were the main causes for elephant death than the accidental factors (29%).
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Balmford A., Joslin Moore L., Brooks T., Nell Burgess, Louis A., Hansen, Paul Williams and Cartsen Rahbek. (2001).Conservation Conflicts Across Africa. Wilson Applied Science and Technology, 291 (5513): 2616-19. Bist S.S. (2002) .An overview of elephant conservation in India. India Forester, 128 (10): 121-136.
Literature cited 2: Baskara N., Kannan G. and Anbarasan U.(2007).Conservation of elephant population and its implications for the management of Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve India. In: Final Report. Final Report to United States Fish and Wildlife Service. Asian Nature Conservation Foundation, C/O Centre of Ecological Science, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India. Datya H.S. and Bhagawat A, M. (1995).Man-Elephant conflict: A case study of human deaths caused by elephants in parts of central India. In: A week with Elephants (J.C. Daniel and H.S. Datye, eds), Bombay Natural History Society/Oxford University Press, Bombay, 340-367 pp.

ID: 63582
Title: Density and abundance of Prey Species in Ranthambhore Tiger Reserve
Author: Raju Lal Gurjar and Anil Kumar Chhangani
Editor: Aarti Chaudhary
Year: 2019
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 145 (10) 921- 926 (2019)
Subject: Density and abundance of Prey Species in Ranthambhore Tiger Reserve
Keywords: Tiger, All prey, Wild Prey, Livestock and Ranthambhore National Park
Abstract: The density and abundance of prey species have been estimated in Ranthambhore Tiger Reserve. Authors estimated 128.44 animals of all prey, 05.83 animals of wild prey and 117.24 animals of livestock per km2 in Ranthambhore National Park and 92.39 animals of all prey, 03.16 animals of wild prey and 89.70 animals of livestock per km2 in human landscape area. All prey and livestock are more in Ranthambhore National Park than human landscape. Tigers are dispersed from Ranthambhore National Park to human landscape area and survive on livestock base in human landscape because of wild prey is very less in human landscape areas compared to Ranthambhore National Park.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Anderson D.R., Laake J.L. Crain B.R. and Burnham K.P. (1979) .Guidelines for Transect Sampling of Biological Populations. J. Wildlife Management, 43 (1): 71-79. Andheria A.P., Karanth K.U., and Kumar N.S. (2007). Diet and prey profiles of three sympatric large carnivores in Bandipur Tiger Reserve, India.J. Zoology.273 (2): 169-175.
Literature cited 2: Bagchi S., Goyal S.P. and Sankar K (2003) .Prey abundance and prey selection by tiger (Panthera tigris) in a semi arid, dry deciduous forest in western India. J. Zoology (London).260 (3):285-290. Buckland S.T. (1985) .Perpendicular Distance Models for Line Transect Sampling. Biometrics, 41:177-195.

ID: 63581
Title: Human-Elephant Conflict and its Possible Control Measures in South West Bengal Land Scape, India
Author: Prasanta Kumar Pandit and Subhamay Chanda
Editor: Aarti Chaudhary
Year: 2019
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 145 (10) 911- 920 (2019)
Subject: Human-Elephant Conflict and its Possible Control Measures in South West Bengal Land Scape, India
Keywords: Movement of migratory elephant herd, Conflict in SW Bengal, Crop and property damage, Los of Human life, Different mitigation measures
Abstract: Human elephant conflict (HEC) is South West (SW) Bengal viz., Purulia, Bankura and West Midnapore, has been a major administrative and social issue for the West Bengal Forest Department. The problem started in 1987 when elephant herds from Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary of Jharkhand state started migrating to Jharkhand Division in the West Bengal state. Initially this was not a significant problem. Later on, the JFM movement improved the forest cover in SW Bengal, the conflict took on a serious dimension. Such change, along with an increase in the human population in the area, has led to severe HEC resulting in depredation of crops and property as well as industry and loss of human life. Several short-term measures were adopted, out of which control driving of elephant herds and timely payment of compensation can give temporary results. Long-term measures require multiple collaborative approaches between other line departments, adjoining states and comprehensive action plan.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Anon. (2010) .A paradigm shift in the Elephant depredation in South Bengal. Divisional Report of Bankura (North) Division. Anon (2013a) Elephant depredation problem in Paschim Medinipur.Divisional Report of Rupnarayan Division.
Literature cited 2: Anon (2013b) Elephant Problem inPurulia.Divisional Report of Purulia division. Anon (2014). State Forest Report. Forest Department, Government of West Bengal.