ID: 64255
Title: Performance of advanced machine learning models in the prediction of amylose content in rice using internet of things-based colorimetric sensor
Author: Shrinivas Deshpande, Udaykumar Nidoni , Sharanagouda Hiregoudar , K. T. Ramappa , Devanand Maski and Nagaraj Naik
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 124 (6) 722-730 (2023)
Subject: Performance of advanced machine learning models in the prediction of amylose content in rice using internet of things-based colorimetric sensor
Keywords: Amylose content, artificial intelligence, machine learning, mathematical modelling, rice.
Abstract: Rice ageing is a complicated process that is difficult to
examine methodically. Several physicochemical properties of rice change with age as a function of moisture
content and storage temperature. Among these qualities, amylose content is the most important and numerous
metrics depend on it. Several sensors, Internet of Things,
Information and Communication Technology, artificial
intelligence and machine learning (ML) approaches are
being used in technological interventions to tackle this
problem. In the present study, seven advanced ML
models were evaluated to classify the different concentrations of amylose using light-intensity data obtained
by the novel colorimetric amylose sensor. From the
performance of the evaluated ML models, it was observed that for the light intensity dataset obtained from
the sensor, higher and similar model parameters and
an accuracy value of 0.77 were observed for both artificial neural network (ANN) and k-nearest neighbour
(KNN) algorithms, followed by accuracy values of 0.75,
0.74, 0.65, 0.61 and 0.61 respectively, for the decision
tree, random forest, AdaBoost, logistic regression and
support vector machine algorithms. Thus ANN and
KNN are promising in predicting the different classes
of amylose in rice.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Perez, C. M. and Juliano, B. O., Texture changes and storage of
rice. J. Texture Stud., 1981, 12(1), 321–333.
Faruq, G., Prodhan, Z. H. and Nezhadahmadi, A., Effects of ageing
on selected cooking quality parameters of rice. Int. J. Food Prop.,
2015, 18(4), 922–933.
Literature cited 2: Zhou, Z., Robards, K., Helliwell, S. and Blanchard, C., Ageing of
stored rice: changes in chemical and physical attributes. J. Cereal
Sci., 2001, 35(1), 65–78.
Devraj, L., Natarajan, V., Ramachandran, S. V., Manicakam, L.
and Saravanan, S., Accelerated aging by microwave heating and
methods to distinguish aging of rice. J. Food Process Eng., 2020,
43(6), 13405–13415.
ID: 64254
Title: Effect of interannual rainfall variability and distribution on growth and yield of kharif onion cultivars in India
Author: A. Thangasamy, Pranjali A. Gedam, P. S. Soumia, Sourav Ghosh, V. Karuppaiah, Vijay Mahajan and Major Singh
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 124 (6) 713-721 (2023)
Subject: Effect of interannual rainfall variability and distribution on growth and yield of kharif onion cultivars in India
Keywords: Bulb yield, kharif onion cultivars, leaf area index, plant growth period, rainfall intensity.
Abstract: Four-year field experiments were conducted to assess
the effect of interannual rainfall variability and distribution on the plant growth parameters and yield five
kharif onion cultivars, viz. Bhima Super, Bhima Dark
Red, Agrifound Dark Red, Arka Kalyan and Phule
Samarth. Each cultivar was replicated six times. The
plant growth parameters and yield were recorded during the plant growth period. The results showed that
rainfall received 30–60 days after transplanting substantially and negatively affected the plant growth parameters and bulb yield of all the cultivars during the
high-rainfall years while increasing onion bulb rotting
losses. Bhima Super and Bhima Dark Red produced
significantly higher marketable bulb yields throughout
the experimental period. Hence these two cultivars can
be successfully cultivated during the kharif season. However, they produced 44.5–63.6% lower yield during the
high-rainfall than the low-rainfall years. This indicates
that the yield of kharif onion cultivars could be further
increased through improved management practices.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC (accessed on 1 November
2022).
Thangasamy, A. and Singh, M., Kharif onion production technology:
for uninterrupted supply of onion and price stabilization. Technical
Folder Number 33, ICAR-Directorate of Onion and Garlic Research,
Pune, 2020, pp. 1–5.
Literature cited 2: Mohanta, S., Mandal, J. and Dhakre, D. S., Growth of kharif onion
(Allium cepa L.) in response to planting dates and cultivars.
HortFlora Res. Spectr., 2017, 6(4), 262–267.
Abewoy, D., Review on impacts of climate change on vegetable
production and its management practices. Adv. Crop Sci. Technol.,
2018, 6(1), 330; doi:10.4172/2329-8863.1000330.
ID: 64253
Title: Deciphering tropical tree communities using earth observation data and machine learning
Author: Rahul Bodh, Hitendra Padalia, Divesh Pangtey , Ishwari Datt Rai, Subrata Nandy and C. Sudhakar Reddy
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 124 (6) 704-712 (2023)
Subject: Deciphering tropical tree communities using earth observation data and machine learning
Keywords: Biodiversity, canopy height, machine learning, remote sensing, tropical forest
Abstract: Publicly available EO datasets offer new possibilities to
generate biodiversity information at the community
composition level, an essential biodiversity variable,
beyond forest type. We demonstrated the potential of
Sentinel-2, GEDI LiDAR canopy height and ALOSDEM in discriminating and classifying tropical tree
communities in the Western Himalayas, India. For this,
tree communities were first identified based on the ordination of field data and subsequently classified using
satellite data applying machine learning, i.e. random
forest (RF). From the three forest types in the study
area, eight distinct tree communities were identified
for which classification accuracy increased from single
date (75.17%) to multi-date images (85.33%) and further
by applying feature selection (88.17%). Whereas the best
classification accuracy of 94.66% was achieved when
canopy height and topographic variables were also
considered. The findings suggest that RF is suitable for
mapping tree communities by combining Sentinel-2 with
GEDI and DEM parameters.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Giam, X., Global biodiversity loss from tropical deforestation.
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2017, 114, 5775–5777.
Barlow, J. et al., Anthropogenic disturbance in tropical forests can
double biodiversity loss from deforestation. Nature, 2016, 535,
144–147.
Literature cited 2: Imai, N. et al., Tree community composition as an indicator in
biodiversity monitoring of REDD+. For. Ecol. Manage., 2014, 313,
169–179.
Ferrier, S., Mapping spatial pattern in biodiversity for regional
conservation planning: where to from here? Syst. Biol., 2002, 51,
331–363.
ID: 64252
Title: Hybrid assimilation on a parameter-calibrated model to improve the prediction of heavy rainfall events during the Indian summer monsoon.
Author: Sandeep Chinta, V. S. Prasad and C. Balaji
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 124 (6) 693-703 (2023)
Subject: Hybrid assimilation on a parameter-calibrated model to improve the prediction of heavy rainfall events during the Indian summer monsoon.
Keywords: Heavy rainfall events, hybrid assimilation, numerical weather model, parameter calibration, summer monsoon
Abstract: Heavy rainfall events during the Indian summer monsoon cause landslides and flash floods resulting in a
significant loss of life and property every year. The exactness of the model physics representation and initial
conditions is critical for accurately predicting these
events using a numerical weather model. The values of
parameters in the physics schemes influence the accuracy of model prediction; hence, these parameters are
calibrated with respect to observation data. The present
study examines the influence of hybrid data assimilation
on a parameter-calibrated WRF model. Twelve events
during the period 2018–2020 were simulated in this
study. Hybrid assimilation on the WRF model significantly reduced the model prediction error of the variables: rainfall (18.04%), surface air temperature (7.91%),
surface air pressure (5.90%) and wind speed at 10 m
(27.65%) compared to simulations with default parameters without assimilation.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Singh, D., Ghosh, S., Roxy, M. K. and McDermid, S., Indian summer
monsoon: extreme events, historical changes, and role of anthropogenic forcings. Wiley Interdiscip. Rev.: Climate Change, 2019,
10(2), e571.
Dash, S. K., Kulkarni, M. A., Mohanty, U. C. and Prasad, K.,
Changes in the characteristics of rain events in India. J. Geophys.
Res.: Atmosp., 2009, 114(D10)
Literature cited 2: Pattanaik, D. R. and Rajeevan, M., Variability of extreme rainfall
events over India during southwest monsoon season. Meteorol.
Appl., 2010, 17(1), 88–104.
Bjerknes, V., Hesselberg, T. and Devik, O., Dynamic Meteorology
and Hydrography2. Kinematics. Number v. 2 in Publication, Carnegie Inst., 1911.
ID: 64251
Title: Climate change impacts on crop–weed interaction and herbicide efficacy
Author: D. Sreekanth, D. V. Pawar, J. S. Mishra and V. S. G. R. Naidu
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 124 (6) 686-692 (2023)
Subject: Climate change impacts on crop–weed interaction and herbicide efficacy
Keywords: Carbon dioxide concentration, climate change, crop–weed interaction, elevated temperature, herbicide efficacy, weed flora shift.
Abstract: Weeds are likely to show more resilience and adaptation
to rising carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration and temperature than crops because of their diverse gene pool
and greater physiological plasticity. In agroecosystems,
C3 and C4 plants exhibit varied responses to elevated
CO2 (eCO2) and temperature (eTem), which can impact
the crop–weed competition and efficacy of herbicides.
Most C3 plants respond positively to eCO2 by increasing
their photosynthetic rate and biomass production. Weeds
compete with crops for nutrients, water and light, and
considerably reduce yield and quality of the produce.
Hence more attention is needed on crop–weed interaction
and management under changing climate to ensure sustainable agricultural production. This study emphasizes
on the impacts of climate change on crop–weed interaction, herbicide efficacy and weed flora shift, and also
highlights the research gaps for further studies.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Patterson, D. T., Weeds in a changing climate. Weed Sci., 1995,
43(4), 685–700.
https://www.co2.earth/daily-co2 (accessed on 6 November 2022).
Literature cited 2: Schellnhuber, H. J., Global warming: stop worrying, start panicking? Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2008, 105(38), 14239–14240.
IPCC, Climate Change: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Secretariat, Geneva,
Switzerland, 2007, p. 986.
ID: 64250
Title: Export of fishery products from India: status, challenges and the way forward
Author: A. Suresh, Satyen Kumar Panda and V. Chandrasekar
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 124 (6) 664-670 (2023)
Subject: Export of fishery products from India: status, challenges and the way forward
Keywords: Aquaculture, food safety, shrimp export, SPS measures, value addition.
Abstract: Marine products have remained a consistent and leading foreign exchange earner to India for a long
time. This study analyses the status and trend in marine products export from India and sketches the
way ahead. Augmenting exports without hampering domestic nutritional security calls for enhancing
domestic fish production through science-based culture practices, promoting value addition, improving quality assurance systems and effecting enabling policy changes.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Economic Survey 2021–22; https://www.indiabudget.gov.in/economicsurvey/ (retrieved on 2 September 2022).
https://dof.gov.in/sites/default/files/2020-07/AnnexureFrameworktostatesUT_0.pdf (retrieved on 4 September 2022).
Literature cited 2: Kumar, A., Export performance of Indian fisheries: strengths and
challenges ahead. Econ. Polit. Wkly, 2004, 39(38), 4264–4270.
Shinoj, P. et al., Export of India’s fish and fishery products: analysing the changing pattern/composition and underlying causes. Indian
J. Agric. Econ., 2009, 64(4), 541–556.
ID: 64249
Title: Revisiting the science of agronomy: crop production versus crop management
Author: A. K. Tripathi and S. K. Dubey
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 124 (6) 662-663 (2023)
Subject: Revisiting the science of agronomy: crop production versus crop management
Keywords: Revisiting the science of agronomy, crop production, crop management
Abstract: Addressing the emerging challenges of agriculture demands reorienting the agricultural education in general
and agronomy education in particular. Crop husbandry has been evolving constantly, although academically
and, for different operational purposes, agronomy science and academia have remained far more static than
they should have been. This note emphasizes that the science of agronomy must include all the important aspects of crop management so that agronomists/students can attain better comprehension in wider perspective so
that the goal of agronomy can be realized in the current context of changing crop husbandry
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agronomy (accessed on March 2021).
http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/
agronomy?&toperStarEhJUS=1 (accessed on
March 2021).
Literature cited 2: Norman, M. J. T., J. Austr. Inst. Agric. Sci.,
1980, 46, 105–111.
Jain, T. C., Indian J. Agron., 2008, 53(4),
241–244.
ID: 64248
Title: Agroforestry solutions for zero hunger and net zero climate targets
Author: Priyanka Singh, R. P. Dwivedi and A. Arunachalam
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 124 (6) 661-662 (2023)
Subject: Agroforestry solutions for zero hunger and net zero climate targets
Keywords: Agroforestry solutions, zero hunger, net zero climate targets.
Abstract: Transitioning to a net-zero world is one of the greatest challenges humanity may face across the world. Nonetheless, land-based carbon removal actions are vital to meet net-zero targets but involve significant trade-offs that
may risk food security. The potential increase in demand for land in the near future for land-based climate mitigation methods across India could certainly threaten the right to land and food, especially for people and communities whose livelihoods depend on land. In the context of global efforts to address and combat the climate
crisis and to improve food security, agroforestry is a sustainable land use with immense potential to achieve
significant impact and synergy across priorities
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: World Meteorological Organization, four key climate change indicators break records in 2021. Press Release Number. 18052022, 2022.
World Economic Forum, Mission 2070: a
green new deal for a net zero India. White
Paper, November 2021
Literature cited 2: Matemilola, S. and Salami, H. A., In Encyclopedia of Sustainable Management (eds Idowu, S. O. et al.), Springer Nature, Switzerland, 2020, pp. 1–6; https://doi.org/
10.1007/978-3-030-02006-4_512-1.
OXFAM International, Tightening the net:
net zero climate targets – implications for
land and food equity. 2021; doi:10.21201/
2021.7796
ID: 64247
Title: Conservation of Mangrove forests for fighting coastal disasters and carbon emissions
Author: Sharada Balasubramanian and Rahul Chavan
Editor: R.K Pachauri
Year: 2018
Publisher: Anupama Jauhry
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Terra green vol. 10 (11) 22-28 (2018)
Subject: Conservation of Mangrove forests for fighting coastal disasters and carbon emissions
Keywords: Conservation of Mangrove forests, coastal disasters, carbon emissions
Abstract: India's rich coastline, spanning across 7,500 km in 13 maritime mainland states and union territories, supports coastal and marine ecosystems that are rich in biodiversity. Mangroves are a part of these ecosystems. In India, mangrove forests have a long history of being one of the most biologically rich regions. India also holds 3 per cent of the mangrove cover of the world. Considered as wastelands in the past, large tracts of mangrove land were rampantly destroyed. As a result, between the years 1980 and 2000, mangroves declined massively. The Pichavaram mangroves in southern India reduced by almost 80 per cent during this time.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1:
Literature cited 2:
ID: 64246
Title: Are our coasts up for sale? draft MCRZ holds out a worrying prospect
Author: Dr. Rina Mukherji
Editor: R.K Pachauri
Year: 2018
Publisher: Anupama Jauhry
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Terra green vol. 10 (11) 12-17 (2018)
Subject: Are our coasts up for sale?
Keywords: Coasts, sale, Marine and coastal regulation zone (MCRZ)
Abstract: India's coast regulation norms are set for a major revision. As per the draft 'Marine and Coastal Regulation Zone (MCRZ) notification 2017, temporary tourism facilities, local housing, and infrastructure will be permitted beyond 50 m of the high tide line. Ecologically sensitive areas too will not be exempt from temporary tourism facilities.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1:
Literature cited 2:
ID: 64245
Title: Pesticides ,poor nutrition damage animal health combined effects on bee survival
Author: -[Environmental Research]
Editor: R.K Pachauri
Year: 2018
Publisher: Anupama Jauhry
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Terra green vol. 10 (11) 11-11 (2018)
Subject: Pesticides ,poor nutrition damage animal health
Keywords: Pesticides, poor nutrition, Animal health, bee survival
Abstract: In a study published in December 2017 in Proceedings of the Royal Society B, Simone Tosi, James Nieh, and their colleagues used honeybees due to their important role as agricultural pollinators and 'bioindicators' of environmental quality. The researchers studied how honeybees fared with exposure to neonicotinoids-pesticides broadly used in agriculture-along with limited nutrient sources, scenarios that are commonly found in agricultural areas.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1:
Literature cited 2:
ID: 64244
Title: Thermal energy storage the basic principles and technology
Author: Pratosh Saxena
Editor: R.K Pachauri
Year: 2018
Publisher: Anupama Jauhry
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Terra green vol. 10 (10) 34-36 (2018)
Subject: Thermal energy storage
Keywords: Thermal energy storage,principles and technology
Abstract: Thermal energy storage systems are used particularly in buildings and industrial processes. In this application, approximately half of the energy consumed is in the form of thermal energy, the demand for which may vary during any given day and from one day to another. TES i like a battery for a building's air conditioning system.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1:
Literature cited 2:
ID: 64243
Title: The Kaziranga Debate wildlife cringes or the view from the fringes?
Author: Nava Thakuria
Editor: R.K Pachauri
Year: 2018
Publisher: Anupama Jauhry
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Terra green vol. 10 (10) 30-33 (2018)
Subject: The Kaziranga Debate
Keywords: The Kaziranga Debate, Wildlife cringes, Fringes
Abstract: That which was revered as a success story in the history of wildlife conservation, has, of late, received immense criticism from the global media. An international tribal people's rights body even came forward with a boycott call against the abode of the greater one-horned rhinoceros, claiming that the infamous Indian forest reserve had slowly turned into a killing field of innocent tribal people in the name of wildlife protection.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1:
Literature cited 2:
ID: 64242
Title: The benefits of trees and plants in reducing pollution and global warming
Author: Guy C Noronha
Editor: R.K Pachauri
Year: 2018
Publisher: Anupama Jauhry
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Terra green vol. 10 (10) 12-17 (2018)
Subject: The benefits of trees and plants
Keywords: Trees ,plants, benefits, pollution, global warming
Abstract: We have known for a long time that trees and plants play an important role in the fight against climate change and global warming. Instinctively, we have known that the destruction of jungles and forest contributes to the overall degradation of the environment and an increased heating of our planet. Environmental activists, climate scientists, and the concerned people, have been advocating the planting of trees and fighting deforestation for many decades.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1:
Literature cited 2:
ID: 64241
Title: Tigers of Ranthambhore securing their safe future
Author: -[Wildlife]
Editor: R.K Pachauri
Year: 2016
Publisher: Anupama Jauhry
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Terra green vol. 9 (8) 46-47 (2016)
Subject: Tigers of Ranthambhore
Keywords: Tigers of Ranthambhore, Rajasthan
Abstract: Ranthambhore Tiger Reserve, located at the junction of the Aravalli and Vindhya hill ranges in Rajasthan, is a region of unparalleled scenic beauty and rich forests that are home to seven species of wild cats along with numerous mammals, birds, and reptiles. The Ranthambhore Tiger Reserve is spread across roughly 1,411 sq.km and is home to at least 40 tigers. It is connected to four other protected areas through degraded and fragmented forests and, collectively, this forest network spans more than 30,000 sq.km in Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1:
Literature cited 2: