ID: 64540
Title: Status of integrated solid waste management and its practices in the twenty-first century in India
Author: Bikram Sen Sahu and B. Anjan Kumar Prusty
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 124 (11) 1343-1351 (2023)
Subject: Status of integrated solid waste management and its practices in the twenty-first century in India
Keywords: Disposal, energy recovery, integrated solid waste management, landfills, per capita waste generation, recycling.
Abstract: Integrated solid waste management is an important challenge as well as an opportunity for public authorities, academicians, researchers and policymakers. The lack of understanding about the issues related to municipal solid waste management (MSWM) among different stakeholders and the associated cost makes the process challenging. This study was conducted based on the literature, reports and data available in public domain. India has the second largest population in the world, and its urbanization has posed many challenges for MSWM. The objectives of this study were to quantify the MSW generation, treatment and disposal rates in different states of India in recent years of the 21st century. We explain the geographical distribution of per capita generation of MSW in different states and Union Territories of India, considering the data from the Central Pollution Control Board, New Delhi. We observed that Odisha and Delhi had the highest per capita generation of waste in the country. Karnataka reported the highest percentage rise in per capita generation of MSW from 2014–15 to 2019– 20. An in-depth study of the treatment methods and status in different states has also been reviewed by us. Maharashtra reported highest treatment of MSW in 2019–20 and also had the maximum number of landfills in India.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Ghatak, T. K., Municipal solid waste management in India: a few unaddressed issues. Procedia Environ. Sci., 2016, 35, 169–175. Kumar, A. and Agrawal, A., Recent trends in solid waste management status, challenges, and potential for the future Indian cities – a review. Curr. Res. Environ. Sustain., 2020, 2, 100011.
Literature cited 2: Zhang, D. Q., Tan, S. K. and Gersberg, R. M., Municipal solid waste management in China: status, problems and challenges. J. Environ. Manage., 2010, 91(8), 1623–1633. Wilson, D. C., Rodic, L., Modak, P., Soos, R., Carpintero, A., Velis, K., Iyer, M. and Simonett, O., Global waste management outlook. UNEP, 2015.


ID: 64539
Title: Efficacy of bio-pesticide Beauveria bassiana against kharsu oak stem and wood borer Xylotrechus basifuliginosus Heller, 1926 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in the Garhwal region, Western Himalaya, India
Author: Gaurav Chand Ramola and Arun Pratap Singh
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 124 (11) 1339-1342 (2023)
Subject: Efficacy of bio-pesticide Beauveria bassiana against kharsu oak stem and wood borer Xylotrechus basifuliginosus Heller, 1926 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in the Garhwal region, Western Himalaya, India
Keywords: Beauveria bassiana, biocontrol, oak trees, mortality, Xylotrechus basifuliginosus
Abstract: Xylotrechus basifuliginosus is a secondary stem borer of stressed, weakened, and dying kharsu oak trees. Recently, it has been found to cause significant infestation in kharsu oak forests in Chakrata Forest Division, Dehradun district, Uttarakhand, India. The susceptibility of eggs and adult stages of X. basifuliginosus was tested against the entomopathogenic fungus, ‘TAG VERIA’ Beauveria bassiana (1 × 108 CFU/g minimum) under both laboratory and field conditions. B. bassiana was found to be effective against both stages (adults and eggs) of X. basifuliginosus. It caused 71.34% mortality in adults and 86% inhibition in the eggs after 12 days of exposure under laboratory conditions, and 38.4% mortality in adults under field conditions in the Deoban Reserve Forest, Chakrata Forest Division, suggesting it to be a promising bio-pesticide against this wood borer.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Ramola, G. C. and Singh, A. P., Relationship between Cerambyciid borer (Insecta: Coleoptera) infestation and human-induced biotic interferences causing mortality of kharsu (Quercus semecarpifolia Smith in Rees) oak trees in Garhwal, Western Himalaya, India. Curr. Sci., 2022, 122(3), 327–332. Ramola, G. C. and Singh, A. P., Biology of Xylotrechus basifuliginosus Heller – a borer of Kharsu oak trees in the Western Himalaya. Indian J. E
Literature cited 2: Pelaez, H., Hernández, J., Martín, M., Moreno, C. and Santiago, Determinación de lascaracterísticas del huevo de Xylotrechus arvicola (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae, Olivier, 1795). Libro de Actasdel X CongresoIbérico de Entomología: Zamora, Spain. In X CongresoIbérico de Entomología, 2002, p. 52 (in Russian). Rodríguez-González, Á., Mayo, S., González-López, Ó., Reinoso, B., Gutierrez, S. and Casquero, P. A., Inhibitory activity of Beauveria bassiana and Trichoderma spp. on the insect pests Xylotrechus arvicola (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) and Acan obtectus (Coleoptera: Chrisomelidae: Bruchinae). Environ. Monit. Assess., 2017, 189(1), 1–8


ID: 64538
Title: Education – world of work mismatch: a multidimensional competence gap analysis for reorienting the fisheries vocational education system in India
Author: Reshma Gills, C. Ramachandran, V. P. Vipinkumar , Manish Kumar , Eldho Varghese , Jayaraman Jayasankar , Shelton Padua , R. Narayana Kumar, Pooja Krishna and T. V. Ambrose
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 124 (11) 1329-1338 (2023)
Subject: Education – world of work mismatch: a multidimensional competence gap analysis for reorienting the fisheries vocational education system in India
Keywords: Competence gap, composite index, gender, marine fisheries and seafood processing, vocational education.
Abstract: India’s New Education Policy 2020, which is in tune with SDG 4 (quality education) and SDG 8 (decent work and economic growth), has stressed the redesigning of vocational education (VE) to equip the youth for the world of work, considering the window of opportunities available till 2040. Though the competence gap is being pronounced as the foremost hurdle in the ‘education–world of work’ transition in every sector, its precise measurement and quantification remain elusive. In this context, we have develop an innovative methodological framework and a composite index (η) to measure the competence gap of the vocational higher secondary education system (VHSES), taking marine fisheries and seafood processing courses offered under the VHSES in Kerala, India as a case study. This study demonstrates that the educational gap, delivery gap, propensity to normalize with general education and inadequate learning ecosystem are responsible for the ‘education–world of work mismatch’ in VE. The findings of the present study point to specific areas of VE that need pedagogic and pragmatic reconstruction. It also shows strategic policy considerations to place the learners’ aspirations, gender and vocational opportunities in a balanced manner for a better vocational teaching–learning ecosystem
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Kundu, S. K. and Santhanam, H., All pain and no gain: factors impacting local and regional sustainability due to COVID-19 pandemic with respect to the Indian marine fisheries. CRSUST, 2021, 3, 100086. PIB, India exports 1,149,341 MT of marine products during 2020– 2. June 2021; https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID= 1724011 (accessed on 21 May 2022)
Literature cited 2: Sajesh, V. K., Suresh, A., Mohanty, A. K., Vikram, S. and Ravishankar, C. N., Skill development in marine fisheries: some reflections on the issues and way outs. Indian J. Anim. Sci., 2021, 91(7), 518–524. Mukesh, P. B., Gaikawad, B. B., Ramteke, K. K., Joshi, H. D., Ingole, N. A., Brahmane, M. P. and Gupta, N., Anticipating the impact of the COVID-19 lockdowns on the Indian fisheries sector for technological and policy reforms. Curr. Sci., 2021, 121(6),


ID: 64537
Title: Characterization of synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles and their effect on growth, productivity and zinc use efficiency of wheat and field pea in the Indian Himalayan foothills
Author: Renu Verma , G. K. Dwivedi , Jai Paul Singh , Ajeet Pratap Singh , Neha Tamta and Amit Kumar
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 124 (11) 1319-1328 (2023)
Subject: Characterization of synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles and their effect on growth, productivity and zinc use efficiency of wheat and field pea in the Indian Himalayan foothills
Keywords: Field pea nanofertilizers, growth and productivity, wheat, zinc oxide nanoparticles.
Abstract: Nanofertilizers have emerged as an effective alternative to traditional fertilizers. They contribute to increased agricultural production by increasing input efficiency and reducing relevant losses. The present study was carried out at the G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India, during 2016–17 to study the effect of synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on the growth and productivity of wheat and field pea crops. The results of the study revealed that significantly greater wheat and field pea plant height was recorded with 10, 20 and 50 ppm concentration of ZnO NPs, which decreased at 100 ppm concentration. A significantly higher yield of wheat was recorded at 50 ppm ZnO NPs concentration (3.28 ± 0.51 g plant–1 ), followed by 20 ppm (3.05 ± 0.43 g plant–1 ), which was at par with 100 ppm (3.02 ± 0.45 g plant–1 ), and the minimum at 10 ppm concentration (2.70 ± 0.34 g plant–1 ) over control. A similar trend in yield was observed for field pea. With respect to the mode of application, a higher yield of wheat was observed in the seed-soaking method (3.05 ± 0.43 g plant–1 ); however, in the case of field pea, a higher yield was observed using foliar spray (6.21 ± 0.52 g plant–1 ) method of ZnO application. Higher Zn content was observed in 50 ppm concentration for wheat (42.39 µg g–1 ) and field pea (26.00 µg g–1 ). The higher Zn use efficiency in terms of physiological efficiency was recorded at 20 ppm concentration (1.46) for wheat and 10 ppm (5.51) for field pea. Hence, it can be concluded that the applied ZnO NPs have stimulating effects on wheat and field pea crop growth and yield through increased zinc content in plants, zinc uptake and zinc use efficiency.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Adhikari, T., Kundu, S., Biswas, A. K., Tarafdar, J. C. and Rao, A. S., Characterization of zinc oxide nano particles and their effect on growth of maize (Zea mays L.). J. Plant Nutr., 2015, 38, 1505– 1515. Amooaghaie, R., Norouzi, M. and Saeri, M., Impact of zinc and zinc oxide nanoparticles on the physiological and biochemical processes in tomato and wheat. Botany, 2017, 95(5), 441–455
Literature cited 2: Alwan, R. M. et al., Synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles via sol–gel route and their characterization. Nanosci. Nanotech., 2017, 5(1), 1–6. De Rosa, M. R., Monreal, C., Schnitzer, M., Walsh, R. and Sultan, Y., Nanotechnology in fertilizers. J. Nat. Nanotechnol., 2010, 5(2), 91–96.


ID: 64536
Title: Vertical assessment of soil quality in permanent manurial experiment of dryland ecosystem, Tamil Nadu, India
Author: V. Venkatesh, N. Chandra Sekaran , V. Sanjivkumar, S. Meena , K. T. Parthiban , B. Balaganesh , K. Subash Chandra Bose and S. Murali
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 124 (11) 1308-1318 (2023)
Subject: Vertical assessment of soil quality in permanent manurial experiment of dryland ecosystem, Tamil Nadu, India
Keywords: Cotton, dryland ecosystem, nutrient management practices, permanent manurial experiment, soil quality index
Abstract: A study was conducted to assess the impact of different nutrient management practices on soil quality in a permanent manurial experiment cotton field established in 1982 at the Agriculture Research Station of the Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, which falls under the dryland ecosystem of Kovilpatti in Tamil Nadu, India. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design with nine different treatments. The effect of these treatments in different depths (0–15, 15–30 and 30– 45 cm) was compared, and the soil quality index was developed with a total of 27 parameters, including physical, chemical and biological parameters. Principal component analysis was carried out and the principal components with eigenvalue >1 were selected to determine the indicators to be retained in the minimum dataset. The highly weighted variables, viz. field capacity, available water content, cation exchange capacity, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, etc. with a variance of 93.57% were retained for MDS. Linear scoring functions were used to transform them into unitless scores ranging from 0 to 1. Three different methods of soil quality were analysed, viz. weighed additive soil quality index (SQIw), additive soil quality index (SQIa) and Nemoro soil quality index (SQIn). In all three methods, the treatment receiving farmyard manure at 12.5 t ha–1 showed superiority in maintaining soil quality.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Tian, Y., Xu, Z., Wang, J. and Wang, Z., Evaluation of soil quality for different types of land use based on minimum dataset in the typical desert steppe in Ningxia, China. J. Adv. Transp., 2022, 2022, 1–14. Krauss, M., Berner, A., Perrochet, F., Frei, R., Niggli, U. and Mäder, P., Enhanced soil quality with reduced tillage and solid manures in organic farming – a synthesis of 15 years. Sci. Rep., 2020, 10(1), 1–12.
Literature cited 2: Nortcliff, S., Standardisation of soil quality attributes. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ., 2002, 88, 161–168. Mandal, U. K. et al., Assessing soil quality in a semiarid tropical watershed using a geographic information system. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 2011, 75, 1144–1160.


ID: 64535
Title: Extreme temperature and rainfall event trends in the Middle Gangetic Plains from 1980 to 2018
Author: S. Vijayakumar, Sudhir Kumar Rajpoot , N. Manikandan , R. Jayakumara Varadan , J. P. Singh , Dibyendu Chatterjee , Sumanta Chatterjee , Santosha Rathod , Anil Kumar Choudhary , and Adarsh Kumar
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 124 (11) 1300-1307 (2023)
Subject: Extreme temperature and rainfall event trends in the Middle Gangetic Plains from 1980 to 2018
Keywords: Adaptation plans, climate change, extreme weather events, temperature and rainfall, statistical significance, trends
Abstract: Regional-level studies aimed at identifying and assessing various types of extreme weather events and comprehending their effects on various sectors are crucial. In the present study, we have utilized the RClimDex software to compute the trend in temperature and precipitation extreme events in the Varanasi district of Uttar Pradesh, India, from 1980 to 2018. We employed both Mann–Kendall test and linear regression to test the statistical significance of the computed trend. Out of 13 temperature indices, 8 showed a significant trend while the remaining showed a non-significant trend. The annual mean maximum temperature, warm days, diurnal temperature range and a monthly minimum of maximum temperature had decreased significantly by 0.029ºC, 0.159 days, 0.032ºC and 0.122ºC/yr respectively, whereas cool days and cold spell duration had increased significantly by 0.264ºC and 0.372 days/yr respectively, indicating an increased cooling effect over the study area. Similarly, out of the 11 rainfall indices, only two showed a significant trend, while the remaining showed a nonsignificant trend. The increasing drought over the study area is evident as the number of rainy days and consecutive wet days have decreased significantly by 0.262 days and 0.058 days/yr respectively, with a non-significant increase in consecutive dry days during the same period. The weak negative non-significant trend of a maximum of five consecutive days of rainfall, very heavy rainfall days and total annual precipitation indicate the decreasing trend of floods. This study stresses the development of adaptation plans to overcome the adverse consequences of extreme weather events in Varanasi district.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Luhunga, P. M. and Songoro, A. E., Analysis of climate change and extreme climatic events in the Lake Victoria Region of Tanzania. Front. Climate, 2020, 2, 559584. Sarker, Md. A. R., Alam, K. and Gow, J., How does the variability of Aus rice yield respond to climate change in Bangladesh? J. Agron. Crop Sci., 2012, 199, 189–194.
Literature cited 2: Curtis, S., Fair, A., Wistow, J., Val, D. and Oven, K., Impact of extreme weather events and climate change for health and social care systems. Environ. Health, 2017, 16, 128. Manikandan, N., Das, D. K., Mukherjee, J., Sehgal, V. K. and Krishnan, P., Extreme temperature and rainfall events in National Capital Region of India (New Delhi) in the recent decades and its possible impacts. Theor. Appl. Climatol., 2019, 137(3), 1703–1713.


ID: 64534
Title: Study of sea surface salinity due to river fluxes using the CMIP6 models for the Bay of Bengal region
Author: V. Kumar, A. P. Joshi and H. V. Warrior
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 124 (11) 1290-1299 (2023)
Subject: Study of sea surface salinity due to river fluxes using the CMIP6 models for the Bay of Bengal region
Keywords: Climate models, freshwater spread, river fluxes, skill score, trend analysis.
Abstract: The large influx of freshwater and mixing of different water masses make simulating salinity challenging for the Bay of Bengal (BoB) region. This study analyses the variability of the simulated sea surface salinity (SSS) using models present in the Coupled Modal Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6). We collected data for 37 models from CMIP6 and validated them against the Argo (2005–14) and Aquarius (2011–14) data. Based on the skill scores, we narrowed down our search to one CMIP6 model, viz. CIESM. This model was used to study the freshwater spread (FWS) in BoB during different seasons. We found that the correlation between pH and FWS was appreciable. The CIESM model was then used to project the future trends for 10 years for the tier-1 scenario. The trend analysis of future projections revealed a positive trend in SSP1-2.6, with a decreasing trend in SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Arias, P. A. et al., Technical summary. Climate Change, 2021, 51, 221–227. Vinayachandran, P. et al., A summer monsoon pump to keep the Bay of Bengal salty. Geophys. Res. Lett., 2013, 40(9), 1777–1782.
Literature cited 2: Shetye, S. et al., Hydrography and circulation in the western Bay of Bengal during the northeast monsoon. J. Geophys. Res.: Oceans, 1996, 101(C6), 14011–14025. Vinayachandran, P., Murty, V. and Ramesh Babu, V., Observations of barrier layer formation in the Bay of Bengal during summer monsoon. J. Geophys. Res.: Oceans, 2002, 107(C12), SRF–19.


ID: 64533
Title: Preparedness of Indian cities for the implementation of urban planning schemes
Author: Shantanu Singh, Krishna Kumar Dhote and Sanjeev Kumar
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 124 (11) 1282-1289 (2023)
Subject: Preparedness of Indian cities for the implementation of urban planning schemes
Keywords: City rank, development plan, modern principles, scheme implementation, urban plannin
Abstract: The implementation of global, modern urban planning principles has influenced India’s new urban planning and development schemes, which are outlined in statutory development plans. This study assesses the level of preparedness of Indian cities to implement these schemes by evaluating the extent to which their development plan policies address global, modern urban principles. The policies were graded for each principle, and the cities were ranked based on their total grade. The study reveals that Indian cities have not fully adopted modern urban principles in their development plan policies, and there are significant variations in the implementation of these principles across different cities.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Kumar, S. and Dhote, K. K., A grounded theory approach for the assessment of urban development policies in Indian cities. Curr. Sci., 2021, 121(12), 1561–1571. Singh, S., Dhote, K. K. and Kumar, S., Assessment framework for public satisfaction on the urban water management attributes in Central India. Curr. Sci., 2023, 124(5), 591–598.
Literature cited 2: Turok, I., The evolution of national urban policies: a global overview. Cities Alliance, Nairobi, Kenya, 2014. Shaban, A., Kourtit, K. and Nijkamp, P., India’s urban system: sustainability and imbalance growth of cities. Sustainability, 2020, 2941(12), 1–20.


ID: 64532
Title: Indian Arachnology (order: Araneae) in the 21st century: trends, gaps and future prospects
Author: Irina Das Sarkar, Manju Siliwal and V. P. Uniyal
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 124 (11) 1270-1281 (2023)
Subject: Indian Arachnology (order: Araneae) in the 21st century: trends, gaps and future prospects
Keywords: Arachnology, conservation and policy-making, current trend, ecology, future perspectives.
Abstract: Although Indian Araneae research over the last 20 years has provided insights into spatio-temporal diversity patterns, we lack a methodical synthesis of the work, resulting in knowledge blind spots for answering more pressing questions of ecology and conservation for the taxon. In this study, we present a comprehensive review of the status of Indian arachnological research spanning the 21st century. We find a systematic bias in research (>80%) towards inventories and taxonomic descriptions, with little work on aspects of ecology, biogeography and phylogeny, thereby impairing conservation efforts. Compared to global research advancements, much of the Indian data seems to be qualitative with under-documentation from several important ecozones, highlighting an urgent need to initiate systematic research to achieve a more comprehensive understanding of the Araneae fauna of the country for inclusion in conservation and policymaking.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Cardoso, P., Erwin, T. L., Borges, P. A. and New, T. R., The seven impediments in invertebrate conservation and how to overcome them. Biol. Conserv., 2011, 144(11), 2647–2655. Costanza, R. et al., The value of the world’s ecosystem services and natural capital. Nature, 1997, 387(6630), 253–260.
Literature cited 2: Zamin, T. J., Baillie, J. E., Miller, R. M., Rodríguez, J. P., Ardid, A. N. A. and Collen, B., National red listing beyond the 2010 target. Conserv. Biol., 2010, 24(4), 1012–1020. Milano, F. et al., Spider conservation in Europe: a review. Biol. Conserv., 2021, 256, 109020.


ID: 64531
Title: Influence of supplementary cementitious materials on transport properties of concrete and interfacial transition zone
Author: Shivani Sharma and Dhiman Basu
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 124 (11) 1263-1269 (2023)
Subject: Influence of supplementary cementitious materials on transport properties of concrete and interfacial transition zone
Keywords: Concrete, durability, ITZ, supplementary cementitious materials, transport properties
Abstract: Transport properties of concrete directly affect durability. A good comprehension of different transport properties and the role of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) will help in improving concrete quality. This article presents a brief review of the role of SCMs in concrete, transport mechanisms and their correlation with durability. The progress of research on transport properties like water penetration, sorption, electrical resistivity, chloride ingress, etc. with the partial replacement of different blenders is reviewed. The article also briefly examines the influence of SCMs on the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) and the link between ITZ and overall transport properties.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Shekarchi, M., Bonakdar, A., Bakhshi, M., Mirdamadi, A. and Mobasher, B., Transport properties in metakaolin blended concrete. Constr. Build. Mater., 2010, 24, 2217–2223. Shekarchi, M. and Moradi, F., Concrete durability issues in the Persian Gulf. In CBM-CI International Workshop, Karachi, Pakistan, 2007, pp. 357–370.
Literature cited 2: Mehta, P. K., Concrete in the Marine Environment, CRC Press, London, 1991, pp. 1–15. Ahmadi, B., Sobhani, J., Shekarchi, M. and Najimi, M., Transport properties of ternary concrete mixtures containing natural zeolite with silica fume or fly ash. Mag. Concr. Res., 2014, 66, 150–158.


ID: 64530
Title: Trend analysis of medicinal plants in Kinnaur district, Himachal Pradesh, India
Author: Akanksha Klate, Shilpa, Niyati Thakur and Ajit Sharma
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 124 (11) 1256-1262 (2023)
Subject: Trend analysis of medicinal plants in Kinnaur district, Himachal Pradesh, India
Keywords: Medicinal plants, nominal and real prices, price elasticity, trend analysis, scarcity ratio.
Abstract: Trend analysis helps predict future events based on past time-series behaviour. Therefore, trend analysis of five medicinal plants having high economic value (chilgoza, kala jeera, dhoop, karro and kuth) was done during the period 2011–12 to 2020–21. According to the study, growth rate in real terms was seen only in Dhoop species, while the other species were dribbling due to overexploitation as these were easily accessible to the local population. Growth rate was recorded highest for dhoop (18.37%/annum) and lowest for kala jeera (4.75%/annum). Nominal price elasticity for chilgoza, karro and kuth was greater than one, indicating that their quantity is changing faster than price, whereas nominal price elasticity for kala jeera and dhoop was less than one, demonstrating that these species possess inelastic properties, with their quantity changing slower than prices. In the case of real price elasticity, only kala jeera was elastic in nature in real value terms, while the remaining species were inelastic. Scarcity ratio was found to be positive only for kuth, which indicates that the availability of this species is dwindling in the forests daily. Therefore, it is necessary to educate the local population on how to grow key medicinal plants, and every household that depends on the forests for these plants should be provided with in-depth guidelines on how to continue using them
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Maithani, G. P., Management perspectives of minor forest produce. MFP News, October–December 1994. FSI, India State of Forest Report 2021. Forest Survey of India, Dehra Dun, 2021
Literature cited 2: Kala, C. P., Prioritization of cultivated and wild edible by local people in the Uttaranchal hills of Indian Himalaya. Indian J. Tradit. Knowl., 2007, 6, 239–244. Reddy, K. N., Pattanaik, C., Reddy, C. S. and Raju, V. S., Traditional knowledge on wild food plants in Andhra Pradesh. Indian J. Tradit. Knowl., 2007, 6, 223–229.


ID: 64529
Title: Grid-based Environmental Monitoring to Identify Environmentally Fragile Regions in Bagalkote district, Karnataka
Author: T V Ramachandra Tulika Mondal Bharath Setturu
Editor: T.V. Ramachandra
Year: 2023
Publisher: Energy &Wetlands Research Group
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Grid-based Environmental Monitoring to Identify Environmentally Fragile Regions in Bagalkote district, Karnataka, SCS: 123, ETR: 195, Pg No: 1-42
Subject: Grid-based Environmental Monitoring to Identify Environmentally Fragile Regions in Bagalkote district, Karnataka
Keywords: LULC, agrarian landscape, forest fragmentation, CA-Markov, Random Forest, Machine Learning, Environmental Fragile Regions (EFRs)
Abstract: Landscapes are the biological units that sustain a wide array of ecosystem functions. Environmental fragility is the ability to cope with various environmental disturbances that adversely change the character of the natural landscapes (Ramachandra et al., 2018). It is measured by the degree of variation or disturbance in abundance and composition of the ecological variables. The disturbance is measured in terms of impact on the ecosystem (Nilsson and Grelsson, 1995). Delineation of Environmental Fragile Regions (EFRs) is essential to endure biodiversity by integrated management of bio-geo-hydroclimatic-social resources. Environmental fragility assessment helps identify the region's vulnerable status, quantitative and qualitatively, for ecological restoration and management (Nguyen et al. 2018; França et al. 2022). It aids in visualizing and planning for future development without disturbing the local ecosystem by regulating anthropogenic activities through the active participation of all stakeholders of the region (Gadgil et al. 2011; Yang et al. 2018; Ramachandra et al. 2022). The spatial conservation of Environmental Fragile Regions (EFRs) entails interventions based on ecological and cultural dimensions at disaggregated levels. Mapping multiple levels of EFR (with grids prioritized based on the cumulative eco-sensitive metrics score) aids in opting for eco-friendly development measures through effective regional planning strategies with the conservation of sensitive regions.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Ali, U., Esau, T. J., Farooque, A. A., Zaman, Q. U., Abbas, F., & Bilodeau, M. F. (2022). Limiting the Collection of Ground Truth Data for Land Use and Land Cover Maps with Machine Learning Algorithms. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, 11(6), 333. Almeida, D. D., Broadbent, E. N., Zambrano, A. M. A., Wilkinson, B. E., Ferreira, M. E., Chazdon, R., ... & Brancalion, P. H. S. (2019). Monitoring the structure of forest restoration plantations with a drone-lidar system. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 79, 192-198.
Literature cited 2: Amin, A., & Fazal, S. (2017). Assessment of forest fragmentation in district of Shopian using multitemporal land cover (A GIS Approach). Journal of Geosciences and Geomatics, 5(1), 12-23. Amini, S., Saber, M., Rabiei-Dastjerdi, H., & Homayouni, S. (2022). Urban Land Use and Land Cover Change Analysis Using Random Forest Classification of Landsat Time Series. Remote Sensing, 14(11), 2654.


ID: 64528
Title: GRID BASED NATURAL RESOURCES MONITORING IN MANDYA DISTRICT, KARNATAKA
Author: T V Ramachandra Vinayaka Bhatta Bharath Setturu
Editor: None
Year: 2023
Publisher: Energy &Wetlands Research Group
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: GRID BASED NATURAL RESOURCES MONITORING IN MANDYA DISTRICT, KARNATAKA, SCS: 122 ,ETR: 194, Pg No: 1-82
Subject: GRID BASED NATURAL RESOURCES MONITORING IN MANDYA DISTRICT, KARNATAKA
Keywords: GRID BASED NATURAL RESOURCES MONITORING,MANDYA DISTRICT, KARNATAKA
Abstract: The landscape is an assortment of heterogeneous interacting dynamic ecosystem elements (Ramachandra et al., 2016) sustaining human and other life forms (Wiens, 2002). The diverse lithological, topographical, spatial settings and the interactions among ecosystem elements contribute to the functioning of the landscape resulting in the flow of nutrients, minerals, and energy (Burgi et al., 2007). The landscape dynamics, which could be natural or anthropogenic induced, and unplanned anthropogenic activities result in the imbalance in processes (Farina, 2021). Land use and land cover are the prime factors that aid in gauging the landscape quality and quantity of resources. Land cover can be defined as the earth's physical surface, which consists of a natural environment such as flora, surface water, and soil. Land cover configuration is stated as a combined vision of the existing natural resources and natural processes that are dynamic in nature (Ramachandra et al., 2021). Land use (LU) indicates how a particular land is used for human activity to derive economic benefits (Lillesand et al., 2003). Land use refers to the changes in land cover with human activities for agriculture, industry, housing, and recreation. Land use land cover (LULC) changes significantly affect critical aspects of 'the Earth System's' functioning, for example, contributing to local and regional climate change and global climate warming, impacting the water quality, or increasing soil degradation (Houet et al., 2010). Unplanned developmental activities such as urbanization, agriculture intensification, and overgrazing, leading to deforestation, and subsequent land degradation, have been causing changes in the structure and composition of a landscape (Geist et al., 2006).
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Arsanjani, J.J., Helbich, M., Kainz, W. and Boloorani, A.D., 2013. Integration of logistic regression, Markov chain and cellular automata models to simulate urban expansion. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 21, pp.265-275. Bharath, S., Aithal, B.H., Sanna Durgappa, D. and Ramachandra, T.V., 2012, February. Landscape dynamics through spatial metrics. In Proceedings of India GeoSpatial Conference, Epicentre, Gurgaon, India (pp. 7-9).
Literature cited 2: Bharath, S., and Ramachandra, T.V., 2021. Carbon Emissions in Karnataka and Scope for Sequestration, An In-Depth Look at Carbon Emissions, NOVA Science Publishers, 207. Berberoglu, S. and Akin, A., 2009. Assessing different remote sensing techniques to detect land use/cover changes in the eastern Mediterranean. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 11(1), pp.46-53.


ID: 64527
Title: Grid-based Environmental Monitoring to Prioritise Ecologically Significant Regions in Tumkur district, Karnataka
Author: T V Ramachandra Vinayaka Bhatta Bharath Setturu
Editor: T.V. Ramachandra
Year: 2023
Publisher: Energy &Wetlands Research Group
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Grid-based Environmental Monitoring to Prioritise Ecologically Significant Regions in Tumkur district, Karnataka, SCS: 121, ETR: 193
Subject: Grid-based Environmental Monitoring to Prioritise Ecologically Significant Regions in Tumkur district, Karnataka
Keywords: Grid-based Environmental Monitoring,Ecologically Significant Regions,Tumkur district, Karnataka
Abstract: A landscape is a mosaic of heterogeneous ecosystem elements with dynamic components of biotic and abiotic features, which governs the landscape's health. Land cover (LC) depicts the natural cover on the earth's surface, whereas land use (LU) indicates anthropogenic usage of the land, and assessment of these variables aid in understanding the landscape and interactions (1). The rise in anthropogenic activities including enhanced carbon emissions, has been altering the landscape's natural processes, bio-geoclimatic interactions, hydrological regime, and global climatic alterations (2–6). The unconstrained land use land cover (LULC) changes induce various ecological imbalances such as fragmentation, loss of resource availability, and interrupted environmental planning. Fragmentation is a devastating phenomenon and a conservation challenge that affects habitat integrity induced due to LULC changes in the form of various development projects, the creation of linear corridors, various infrastructure developments, the establishment of industrial parks, and overexploitation resources. Fragmentation of forests contributes to discontinued forest patches of varying sizes, boost biodiversity loss and connectivity, enhances the forest communities' vulnerability, creates a microclimatic environmental gradient, and stimulates invasive species . Assessing LULC changes induced fragmentation helps in addressing habitat isolation and edge effects on the forest patches
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Twisa S, Buchroithner MF. Land-use and land-cover (LULC) change detection in Wami River Basin, Tanzania. Land. 2019, 8(9), 136. Bharath S, Rajan KS, Ramachandra TV. Land Surface Temperature Responses to Land Use Land Cover Dynamics. Geoinfor Geostat An Overview. 2013, 1(4), 1-10.
Literature cited 2: Vinay S, Bharath S, Bharath HA, Ramachandra TV. Hydrologic model with landscape dynamics for drought monitoring. In: proceeding of: Joint International Workshop of ISPRS WG VIII/1 and WG IV/4 on Geospatial Data for Disaster and Risk Reduction, Hyderabad, November. 2013, 67-72. Ramachandra TV, Vinay S, Bharath S, Shashishankar A. Eco-Hydrological Footprint of a River Basin in Western Ghats. YALE J BIOL MED. 2018, 91(4), 431–44.


ID: 64526
Title: Lake 2022 – XIII Biennial International Lake Conference Proceedings (Posters)
Author: T V Ramachandra Tulika Mondal Vinay S
Editor: None
Year: 2023
Publisher: Energy &Wetlands Research Group
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Lake 2022 – XIII Biennial International Lake Conference Proceedings (Posters) , SCS: 120, ETR: 192
Subject: Lake 2022 – XIII Biennial International Lake Conference Proceedings (Posters)
Keywords: Lake 2022 – XIII Biennial International Lake Conference Proceedings (Posters)
Abstract: The Conference therefore expressed the hope that the Government would make radical changes in our agricultural agenda by all out promotion of pulses which is of high significance in this country having the world’s largest population of vegetarians and semi-vegetarians, whose main sources of proteins come from pulses. Pulse based diet would also help in creating healthy and sensible youth who would constitute valuable asset to the nation. Pulse based diet has numerous health benefits such as (i) optimal brain functioning, (ii) controls obesity due to lower lipid accumulation in human body, (iii) controls diabetes, blood pressure, (iv) helps in optimal, digestion, muscle generation, etc.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1:
Literature cited 2: