ID: 64600
Title: Estimation of length-weight relationship -in larva and adult to chrysomela populi (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) obtained from two species of Salix
Author: Amar Paul Singh, Agni Chandra, Kritish De and V.P. Uniyal
Editor: R.P.Singh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 148 (6) Pg No. 588-593 (2022)
Subject: Estimation of length-weight relationship -in larva and adult to chrysomela populi (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) obtained from two species of Salix
Keywords: Beetle, Body length, Body weight, Pest, Willow
Abstract: Authors had studied the relationship of length and weight of three larval stages and adults of leaf beetle Chrysomela populi taken from two species of Willow plants Salix alba and Salix fragilis at Lahaul, Himachal Pradesh, India. By performing Welch's t-test. The authors had found that there was no significant (P>0.05) difference in the length and weight of the larvae and adults feed on two species of willow. For three larval stages and adults of C.populi feeds on S.alba and S. fragilis the relationship between the body weight and the length was explained by the linear regression equation very well (for all linear models R2>0.81, p<0.05).This study will be helpful for effective management of pests of willow plant, particularly at Indian Trans Himalayan region.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Charles J.G. Nef L., Allegro G., Collins C.M., Delplanque A., Gimenez R., Hoglund S., Jiafu H., Larsson S., Luo Y. and Para P. (2014) Insect and other pest of poplars and willows. Poplars and willows, trees for society and the environment. CABI, Oxford, 459-526.
Delacre M. Lakens D. and Leys C. (2017) .Why Psychologists Should Default Use Welch's test instead of Students t-test. International Revie of Social Psychology, 30 (1): 92-101.
Literature cited 2: Jach M.A. and Balke M. (2008). Global diversity of water beetles (Coleoptera) in freshwater, Hydrobiology, 595 (1): 419-442.
Johnson S.D. and Midgley J.J. (2001). Pollination by monkey beetles (Scarabaeidae:Hopilini): do color and dark centers of flowers influence alighting behavior? Environmental Entomology, 30 (5): 861-868.
ID: 64599
Title: Field evaluation of Populus deltoides clones for growth traits and tolerance to leaf spot disease.
Author: Lakhwinder Singh, Parminder Singh Tak and G.P.S. Dhillon
Editor: R.P.Singh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 148 (6) Pg No. 583-587 (2022)
Subject: Field evaluation of Populus deltoides clones for growth traits and tolerance to leaf spot disease.
Keywords: Agroforestry, Foliar disease, Poplar, Variation, Wood volume
Abstract: The study was conducted to evaluate the growth characters of the 16 clones of Populus deltoides under field conditions at Main Experimental area, Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana following Randomised Complete Block Design with four replications and plot size of four trees. Significant variation was observed among the clones for tree height, diameter and wood volume. Clones L-48/89, 9607, L-47/88, 9607 and 6503 were observed to be most promising for wood productivity. The poplar clones were found susceptible of leaf spot disease caused by Cercospora populina, Alternaria alternate, Drecslera sp. And Rhizoctonia species. Clone L-48/89 with least leaf spots severity of 6.9 percent was categorized as moderately resistant along with clone L-47/88, 9607 and T-50. Moderate susceptibility response against leaf spot disease was observed in clone T-59, G-48 and 5503.None of the clones exhibited resistant reaction to leaf spots.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Anon (2012) .Poplar cultivation .A Booklet by Punjab Agricultural University. Ludhiana.
Baranwal V.K., Mikkilneni V., Zehr U.B.Tyagi A.K. and Kappor S. (2012).Heterosis: emerging ideas about hybrid vigour.J.Exp.Bot. 63: 6309-6314.
Literature cited 2: Chakraborty S., Luck J., Hollaway G., Freeman A, Nortan R., Garrett K.A.,Percy K.,Hopkins A., Davis C. and Karnosky D.F., (2008) .Impacts of global change on diseases of agricultural crops an forest trees. Agricultural, Veterinary Science, Nutrition and Natural Resource, 3: 54.
Dhillion G.PS. Sandhu J.S.and Singh P. (2020).Variation among Poplar (Populus deltoides Bartr) clones for growth, wood traits and tolerance to leaf spot diseases.Curr.Agri.Res.J., 8(2) :128-136.http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/CARJ.8.2.08
ID: 64598
Title: Heavy infection of Melampsora leaf rust on populus deltoides
Author: R.C. Dhiman
Editor: R.P.Singh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 148 (6) Pg No. 571-582 (2022)
Subject: Heavy infection of Melampsora leaf rust on populus deltoides
Keywords: Melampsora rust, Populus deltoides,Rust infection Indiex(RII)Infection rating (IR)
Abstract: This paper reports heavy and widespread infection of Melampsora rust on poplar (Populus deltoides) in most of its growing region in South of the Indian Himalayan foothills. The results of a field survey and clonal variation of commercially grown clones and germplasm are presented in the form of rating of the rust infection. Nurseries have been categorized on the basis of Rust Infection Index (RII) .Clones rated between 0-10 scale of Infection Rating (IR) have shown wide variation. Nurseries located around the core area of intensive poplar culture had higher RII compared to those in infringe locations. Similarly, wide variation has been recorded in IR of clones maintained in the germplasm. Clone W110 had maximum IR in most locations in the core area of poplar culture.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Barclay A. (1891). Addition Uredine from the neighborhood of Shimla. Jur. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, 60:211-230.
Dhiman R.C. (2012a). Status of Poplar culture in India. ENVIS Forestry Bulletin. Vol. 12(1): 15-32.
Literature cited 2: Dhiman R.C. (2012b) .Transforming rural Uttar Pradesh through integrating tree culture on farmland: A Case study of WIMCO's Poplar Programme. LMA Convention Journal, Vol.8(1): 85-98.
Dhiman R.C. (2014). Poplars in India: Past, Present and Future. In (P.P., Bhojveid and N.Khandekar, Eds), Sustainable Forest Management for Multiple Values: A Paradigm Shift Foret Research Institute, Dehradun, pp.183-206.
ID: 64597
Title: Spectrum of insect fauna infesting western Himalayan Oaks (Quercus spp.) and management of key pests in Uttarakhand state
Author: Arun pratap Singh and Gaurav chand Ramola
Editor: R.P.Singh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 148 (6) 555-570 (2022)
Subject: Spectrum of insect fauna infesting western Himalayan Oaks (Quercus spp.) and management of key pests in Uttarakhand state
Keywords: Erebidae, Geometridae, Cerambycidae, Curculionidae, Cicadidae, Seasonality, Stem borer, Defoliator, Lymantria obfuscate, Aphrodisium hardwickianum,Rosalia lateritia, Xylotrechus smei.
Abstract: The Western Himalayan state of Uttarakhand in India represents five species of oaks of the genus Quercus that are important for conservation as they support rich biodiversity of fauna and also for their multiple utilization values for local communities living in the region. However, oak forest are under threat of extinction toddy, mainly due to anthropogenic pressures along with attack by many species of insects. Hence, there is a need to know the insect pest spectrum of oak forest and indentity those species which can cause damage to these trees, directly. As such field surveys across the oak forests of the state were carried out for 3 years (2017-2020) and revealed 114 species of insects infesting these 5 species of oaks. The comprehensive annotated checklist of insects infesting western Himalayan oaks in the state was prepared for 233 species (117 Lepidoptera; 99 Coleoptera, 16 Hemiptera and Diptera) so far recorded on them and is presented in this paper along with their classification, habit, month of incidence and species of oak tree infested .Break up of species in different families of each of these 4 orders recorded is given along with species in different families of each of these 4 orders recorded is given long with species capable of causing potential damage to oak trees. Management of key important pests i.e., stem and wood borders, defoliators, shootborers, acron weevils and sap sucking insects by using IPM methods is discussed.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Aoki K., Kato M. and Murakami N. (2009) Phylogeographical patterns of a generalist acorn weevil: insight into the biogeographical history of broadleaved deciduous and evergreen forests.BMC Evolutionary Biology, 9, 103.doi:10.1186/1471-2148-9-103.
Beeson C.F.C. and Bhatia B.M. (1938). On the biology of the Cerambycidae (Coleoptera). Indian forest Records (Entomolgy), 5: 33-35.
Literature cited 2: Beeson C.F.C. (1941) .The ecology and control of the Forest Insects of India and Neighbouring Countries. The Vasant Press, Dehradun, ii +1007 pp.
Casida John E (2018) .Neonicotinoids and Other Insect Nicotinic Receptor Competitive Modulators: Progress and Prospects. Annual Review of Entomology .Annual Reviews. 63(1): 125-144.doi:10.1146/annurev-ento-020117-043042.ISSN0066-4170.PMID 29324040.
ID: 64596
Title: Traditional knowledge of pest management and entomophagy: perspective on kiwi crop management by the Apatani tribe of Arunachal Pradesh, Northeast India
Author: Nending Muni , Yallappa Rajashekar and Jharna Chakravorty
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 124 (12) 1473-1475 (2023)
Subject: Traditional knowledge of pest management and entomophagy: perspective on kiwi crop management by the Apatani tribe of Arunachal Pradesh, Northeast India
Keywords: Chafer, entomophagy, kiwi, pest control, traditional knowledge
Abstract: Conventional insect pest control methods and approaches
are being used in agroecosystem management. However,
some pest control methods affect human health and
are unsustainable. Consumption of some insect pests as
food by humans can be incorporated in a sustainable
manner to manage the pest species, which locally provide
some positive outputs. The traditional and sustainable
ethno-entomophagy practice of the Apatani tribe, inhabiting primarily the Ziro valley of Arunachal Pradesh,
North East India, can be considered a prime example
of such practices. They consume three species of chafer
beetles locally known as Jojer, Dikang-Diilang and SankoTapu, i.e. Anomala sp., Phyllophaga sp. and Lepidiota
sp. respectively. It is also known that the adults of these
species are pests of the kiwi plant (Actinidia deliciosa)
and chestnut tree species (Castanopsis spp.). In this
study, we unravel the practice of entomophagy of these
beetles by the Apatanese and understand its implications
for the sustainable management of agroecosystems
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Dent, D. and Binks, R. H., Insect Pest Management, CABI, Oxfordshire, UK, 2020, 3rd edn, pp. 268–284.
Chopra, A. K., Sharma, M. K. and Chamoli, S., Bioaccumulation of
organochlorine pesticides in the aquatic system – an overview. Environ.
Monit. Assess., 2011, 173(1), 905–916
Literature cited 2: Chakravorty, J., Ghosh, S. and Meyer-Rochow, V. B., Comparative
survey of entomophagy and entomotherapeutic practices in six tribes of Eastern Arunachal Pradesh (India). J. Ethnobiol. Ethnomed., 2013,
9(1), 1–12.
Chakravorty, J., Diversity of edible insects and practices of entomophagy in India: an overview. J. Biodivers. Bioprospect. Dev.,2014, 1(3), 124.
ID: 64595
Title: Fennel, Foeniculum vulgare as banker crop for syrphids to promote aphidophagy and myophily
Author: Amala Udayakumar, K. G. R. Chandramanu, Sunil Joshi and Timalapur M. Shivalingaswamy
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 124 (12) 1469-1472 (2023)
Subject: Fennel, Foeniculum vulgare as banker crop for syrphids to promote aphidophagy and myophily
Keywords: Fennel, natural predation, pollination index, syrphid
Abstract: A study was conducted to document the pollination index
of syrphid flies and to record the natural incidence of
syrphid larvae on fennel aphid, Hyadaphis coriandri.
Five different species of syrphid flies, viz. Episyrphus
balteatus, Ischiodon scutellaris, Paragus serratus, Dideopsis aegrota and Betasyrphus linga were recorded in the
flowers of fennel. E. balteatus ranked first in the order
of pollination index. The natural incidence of larvae of D.
aegrota was significantly higher in the umbels infested
with H. coriandri. The results of the study confirmed
the possible utility of fennel as a banker crop for the
natural proliferation of syrphid predators
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Skaldina, O., Insects associated with sweet fennel: beneficial visitors
attracted by a generalist plant. Arthr. Plt. Interac., 2020, 14, 399–407.
Klecka, J., Hadrava, J., Biella, P. and Akter, A., Flower visitation
by hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) in a temperate plant-pollinator
network. Peer J., 2018, 6, e26516v26511; https://doi:10.7717/
peerj.6025.
Literature cited 2: Joshi, S. and Ballal, C. R., Syrphid predators for biological control
of aphids. J. Biol. Cont., 2013, 27, 151–170.
Meena, N. K., Lal, G., Meena, R. D. and Choudhary, M. K., Pest
status on fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill) under organic production system in semi-arid region of Rajasthan, India. J. Ent. Zool.
Stud., 2020, 8, 181–184.
ID: 64594
Title: Acaricide resistance among broad mite (Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks)) populations in Karnataka, India
Author: Neenu Augustine , Venkatesan Thiruvengadam , Upasna Selvapandian and Mohan Muthugounder
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 124 (12) 1462-1468 (2023)
Subject: Acaricide resistance among broad mite (Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks)) populations in Karnataka, India
Keywords: Acaricide, bioassay, Polyphagotarsonemus latus, stability, susceptibility.
Abstract: The broad mite, Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks), is
a cosmopolitan pest that attacks a wide range of economically important crops like hot and sweet peppers, mulberry, jute, tea and several ornamentals. This study
was undertaken to monitor the development of acaricide
resistance, if any, in five representative field-collected
populations of Karnataka, India. Bioassays were carried
out against five acaricide chemistries, and resistance
ratios were calculated by comparing the LC50 values of
field populations with the susceptible laboratory population (Pa-Lab). The resistance ratios varied from 26.03
to 81.16-fold for diafenthiuron, 27.35 to 83.47-fold for
dicofol, 9.72 to 45.42-fold for fenazaquin, 8.77 to 16.84-
fold for propargite and 48.37 to 163.39-fold for spiromesifen. Resistance to the acaricides was unstable in P.
latus as a decline in resistance (14.11–102.53-fold) was
observed over generations in the absence of selection
pressure. The results suggest that acaricides should be
sprayed at economic threshold levels or on a rotation
basis for one or more seasons for better management
of P. latus by delaying the development of resistance.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Van Leeuwen, T., Tirry, L., Yamamoto, A., Nauen, R. and
Dermauw, W., The economic importance of acaricides in the control of phytophagous mites and an update on recent acaricide mode
of action research. Pestic. Biochem. Physiol., 2015, 121, 12–21.
Khajuria, S., Rai, A. K. and Lata, K., Occurrence and distribution
of insect pests attacking solanaceous vegetables in semi-arid region
of central Gujarat. Insect Environ., 2013, 19, 248–249.
Literature cited 2: Girish, R., Srinivasa, N. and Shruthi, H. R., Occurrence and status
of pests infesting chilli (Capsicum annuum L.). Environ. Ecol.,
2014, 32, 916–919.
Lin, J. and Zhang, Z. Q., Tarsonemidae of the World (Acari: Prostigmata): Key to Genera, Geographical Distribution, Systematic
Catalogue and Annotated Bibliography, Systematic & Applied Acarology Society, London, U
ID: 64593
Title: Nutritional composition of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) genetic resources
Author: Dalamu S. K. Luthra , Jagesh K. Tiwari , Jagdev Sharma , Pinky Raigond , B. Chaudhary and Ashwani K. Sharma
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 124 (12) 1454-1461 (2023)
Subject: Nutritional composition of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) genetic resources
Keywords: Cluster analysis, germplasm, nutritional compounds, potato, principal components
Abstract: Seventy-one germplasm lines comprising of commercial
Indian potato cultivars, advanced clones exotic and
indigenous cultivars were evaluated for nutritional
compounds. We observed significant variability in the
lines for anthocyanins (1.81–17.20 mg/100 g FW), carotenoids (4.75–27.75 µg/g FW), ascorbic acid (14.50–
85.00 mg/100 g FW) and total phenolics (19.22–73.54 mg
GAE/100 g FW). However, for zinc (10.62–27.58 ppm),
iron (30.49–56.29 ppm), and tuber dry matter content
(14–26%), only small variations were found. The anthocyanin, carotenoids, and total phenolic contents of indigenous cultivars and nutrient-rich advanced clones
were generally much higher than those of the common
variety. It is interesting to note that anthocyanin (r =
–0.46; –0.43), total carotenoids (r = –0.47; –0.38), ascorbic
acid (r = –0.27; –0.24) and tuber dry matter (r = –0.21,
–0.24) all had negative correlations with marketable
and total tuber yield respectively. Cluster analysis revealed that genotypes from clusters 1 and 3 can be used
in bio-fortification breeding. The results of this study
also reveal that two genotypes, viz. JEX/A-122 (Andigena line) and Kala Aloo (indigenous line) may be
used as breeding material to develop nutrient-rich potato varieties.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Lutaladio, N. and Castaldi, L., Potato: the hidden treasure. J. Food
Comp. Anal., 2009, 22, 491–493.
Walker, C. L. F., Global and regional child mortality and burden of
disease attributable to zinc deficiency. Eur. J. Clin. Res., 2009, 63,
591–597.
Literature cited 2: Cappellini, M. D., Musallam, K. M. and Taher, A. T., Iron deficiency anaemia revisited. J. Intern. Med., 2020, 287, 153–170.
FAOSTAT database, 2022; http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC
(accessed 19 February 2022).
ID: 64592
Title: Extraction of Antarctic ice features using hybrid polarimetric RISAT-1 SAR data
Author: Esha Shah, P. Jayaprasad , Raghav Mehra , Deepak Putrevu , Arundhati Misra and M. E. James
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 124 (12) 1445-1453 (2023)
Subject: Extraction of Antarctic ice features using hybrid polarimetric RISAT-1 SAR data
Keywords: Classification accuracy, confusion matrix, hybrid polarimetry, ice features, m–χ decomposition, synthetic aperture radar data.
Abstract: Compact polarimetry has gained popularity due to its
advantages, such as larger swath, simple architecture
and low power consumption. The backscattered signal
and scattering decomposition vary for different targets
based on their electrical, geometrical and structural
properties. As of now, the potential of hybrid polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data for exploring
Antarctic ice features is not fully explored. Here, we
present a comprehensive polarimetric feature analysis
and classification results of the hybrid polarimetric dataset acquired by RISAT-1 near the Indian Antarctic research station Maitri. The single-look complex images
have been subjected to polarimetric data processing for
extracting Antarctic ice features using POLSARPRO
software. The polarimetric coherence matrix is generated
and then filtered to eliminate speckles. Raney m–χ decomposition technique has been utilized to understand
the scattering mechanism of the targets. The decomposed
RGB image is classified using Wishart-supervised classification, and classification accuracy is assessed using
a confusion matrix. It is found that the comparatively
simple hybrid polarimetric SAR provides sufficient information to detect and discriminate various Antarctic
ice features. Features such as rifts, ice–rises, ice shelves
and icebergs are clearly discriminated using Wishartsupervised classification. It is also found that the overall
accuracy of the classification of study areas varies between 80% and 97%, suggesting a good classification
outcome.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Clausi, D. A. and Deng, H., Operational segmentation and classification of SAR sea ice imagery. In Proceedings of IEEE Workshop
on Advances in Techniques for Analysis of Remotely Sensed Data,
Greenbelt, MD, USA, 2003, pp. 268–275.
Moen, M. A., Doulgeris, A. P., Anfinsen, S. N., Renner, A. H.,
Hughes, N., Gerland, S. and Eltoft, T., Comparison of feature based
segmentation of full polarimetric SAR satellite sea ice images with
manually drawn ice charts. Cryosphere, 2013, 7, 1693–1705
Literature cited 2: Denbina, M. and Collins, M. J., Iceberg detection using simulated
dual-polarized Radarsat constellation data. Can. J. Remote Sensing,
2014, 40, 165–178.
Dabboor, M. and Geldsetzer, T., On the classification of sea ice
types using simulated Radarsat Constellation Mission (RCM) compact
polarimetric SAR parameters. In Proceedings of the ASPRS 2014
Annual Conference, Louisville, Kentucky, USA, 2014, pp. 23–28.
ID: 64591
Title: Mapping and monitoring of soil organic carbon using regression analysis of spectral indices
Author: Bullo Yami , N. J. Singh, B. K. Handique and Sanjay Swami
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 124 (12) 1431-1444 (2023)
Subject: Mapping and monitoring of soil organic carbon using regression analysis of spectral indices
Keywords: Regression models, remote sensing, rice– fallow system, soil organic carbon, spectral indices.
Abstract: The soil carbon sinking ability is dominantly controlled
by local topographical settings, soil–crop management
and traditional farming practices on which the food
demand of the major population is dependent. The
degradation of natural resources causing poor soil
health is likely to strain the hilly and mountain ecosystem.
This study aims to map soil organic carbon (SOC) of
rice–fallow system under varying slopes and its changes
during the past 20 years under traditional management
practice using geospatial tools and techniques. Regression models of SOC were derived from remote sensing
(RS)-based indices using multiple linear regressionstepwise (MLR-stepwise), partial least square regression
(PLSR) and principal component analysis-regression
(PCA-R). The MLR-stepwise model was found to be
superior in performance with high R2 (0.87) and least
RMSE (0.026) compared to PLSR (R2 = 0.71 and RMSE =
0.05) and PCA-R (R2 = 0.27 and RMSE = 0.11) models
for SOC prediction.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Rajasekaran, B. and Whiteford, M. B., Rice–crop production system: The role of indigenous knowledge in designing food security
policies. Food Policy, 1992, 18(3), 237–247.
Gadgil, M., Berkes, F. and Folke, C., Indigenous knowledge for
biodiversity conservation. Ambio, 1993, 22, 151–156
Literature cited 2: Kala, C. P., Traditional ecological knowledge on characteristics,
conservation and management of soil in tribal communities of
Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve, India. J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr.,
2013, 13(1), 201–214.
Sanders, D., Soil conservation. In Land Use, Land Cover and Soil
Sciences (ed. Willy, H. V.), UNESCO, Eolss Publishers, Oxford,
UK, 2004, 4, 1–21
ID: 64590
Title: Effect of confinement on cross-sectional performance of steel–concrete composite beams with solid and cellular steel sections
Author: Pankaj R. Teware and Ashish P. Khatri
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 124 (12) 1401-1411 (2023)
Subject: Effect of confinement on cross-sectional performance of steel–concrete composite beams with solid and cellular steel sections
Keywords: Composite beams, concrete confinement, moment–curvature characteristics, solid and cellular steel sections
Abstract: The aim of this study was to compare the moment–curvature (M–φ) characteristics of a solid composite section
(SCS) and cellular composite section (CCS) of a beam
under a sagging moment. The strip method, based on
the principles of fundamental mechanics that consider
linear strain variation across composite sections, was
used to determine M–φ. It was first developed for SCS
for different parameters, i.e. the grade of concrete, unconfined and confinement strength of concrete, and effective width of a concrete slab, and then extended for
CCS. CCS had a 50% depth enhancement over the steel
section of SCS. Full interaction between the steel beam
and the concrete slab up to the failure of the slab was
assumed in the analysis. According to the M–φ analysis,
CCS enhances the ultimate moment capacity and ultimate curvature for unconfined and confined concrete.
Concrete confinement for CCS effectively boosted steel
material utilization and resulted in higher curvature
ductility before failure. The high concrete strength and
wider effective flange width of the slab resulted in high
ultimate moment capacity and ultimate curvature for
SCS and CCS for unconfined and confined concrete.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: IS 11384, Code of practice for composite construction in structural
steel and concrete. BIS, New Delhi, 2022.
EN 1994-1-1, Eurocode 4: design of composite steel and concrete
structures – Part 1-1: general rules and rules for buildings. CEN,
Brussels, Belgium, 2004.
Literature cited 2: Nethercot, D., Composite Construction, CRC Press, 2003.
Hauke, B., Economic application of composite beams with moderate
high strength materials. In 5th European Conference on Steel and
Composite Structures, Graz, Austria, 2008, pp. 3–5.
ID: 64589
Title: Fat supplementation: implication in dairy cattle
Author: Sonali Prusty, D. Rajendran , Meenu Dubey and Savita Bisen
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 124 (12) 1393-1400 (2023)
Subject: Fat supplementation: implication in dairy cattle
Keywords: Dairy cattle, essential fatty acids, fat supplementation, milk production, reproduction
Abstract: Supplementation of fat or oil in the ration of high yielding
dairy cattle increases the energy density of the ration
without altering the composition of the other ingredients.
A high proportion of free fatty acids in vegetable fat
possibly improves fat digestibility in the total gastrointestinal tract and has been associated with variable effects
on milk yield and milk fat composition. Vegetable fats
are rich sources of essential fatty acids, viz. linoleic and
linolenic acid, and varying amounts of monounsaturated
oleic acid. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in dietary fat are important substrates for the synthesis of
reproductive hormones and prostaglandins and to augment the reproductive performance through stimulation
of the growth of ovarian follicles, increase in follicle
size and number, and increased function of corpus luteum
(CL) in cattle. PUFA undergoes biohydrogenation in
the rumen to produce conjugated linoleic acid (CLA).
The milk CLA is identified to reduce body fat levels, improve glycaemic profile, resynthesize glycogen, modulate
immune function, improve bone mineralization, prevent
heart diseases, atherosclerosis, diabetes and cancer in
humans. Significantly higher levels of fat/oil (>3%,
generally) in the diet may adversely affect the fermentation pattern through adverse effects on fibrolytic
bacteria and protozoa in the rumen, subsequently lowering the fibre and dry matter digestibility. To minimize
the effect of higher levels of fat on rumen fermentation,
fat may be supplied in a protected form that escapes
rumen fermentation and is subsequently utilized in the
lower digestive tract of high-yielding dairy cattle to produce beneficial effect
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: AlZahal, O., Or-Rashid, M., Greenwood, S. L. Douglas, M. S. and
McBride, B. W., Subacute ruminal acidosis increases milk fat depression with diets supplemented with polyunsaturated fatty acids.
J. Dairy Sci. (Suppl. 1), 2007, 90, 561.
Zheng, H. C., Liu, J. X., Yao, J. H., Yuan, Q., Ye, H. W., Ye, J. A.
and Wu, Y. M., Effects of dietary sources of vegetable oils on performance of high-yielding lactating cows and conjugated linoleic
acids in milk. J. Dairy Sci., 2005, 88, 2037–2042.
Literature cited 2: . He, M. and Armentano, L. E., Effect of fatty acid profile in vegetable
oils and antioxidant supplementation on dairy cattle performance
and milk fat depression. J. Dairy Sci., 2011, 94(5), 2481–2491.
Castro, T., Martinez, D., Isabel, B., Cabezas, A. and Jimeno, V.,
Vegetable oils rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids supplementation
of dairy cows’ diets: effects on productive and reproductive performance. Anim., 2019, 9(5)
ID: 64588
Title: Unstable slopes and threatened livelihoods of the historical Joshimath town, Uttarakhand Himalaya, India
Author: S. P. Sati, Maria Asim, Y. P. Sundriyal, Naresh Rana, Vijay Bahuguna and Shubhra Sharma
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 124 (12) 1384-1392 (2023)
Subject: Unstable slopes and threatened livelihoods of the historical Joshimath town, Uttarakhand Himalaya, India
Keywords: Geological fragility, higher Himalaya, historical town, land subsidence, slope instability.
Abstract: This study analyses the causes and consequences of slope instability around the historical Himalayan town of Joshimath, Uttarakhand, India. The town is in the Higher Himalaya near the Main Central Thrust. The lithology constitutes fissile, shattered and sheared gneiss. Consequently, the slopes are
prone to land subsidence and mass wasting. In the last few decades rise in population has led to a
surge of infrastructure development, thus causing immense pressure on the finite resources and limited
accommodation space on precariously balanced vulnerable slopes. Particularly, the unplanned infrastructure development, lack of adequate drainage and excavation of roads through unstable debris
slopes are some of the reasons that seem to have accelerated the ongoing slope instability and land
subsidence
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Saklani, P. M., Nautiyal, V. and Nautiyal, K. P., Sumer, earthquake
resistant structures in the Yamuna Valley, Garhwal Himalayas, India.
South Asian Stud., 1999, 15(1), 55–65.
Rautela, P. and Joshi, G. C., Earthquake-safe Koti Banal architecture of Uttarakhand, India. Curr. Sci., 2008, 95(4), 475.
Literature cited 2: Bhatt, C. P. and Juyal, N., Living with earthquakes: lesson from
Chamoli and Rudraprayag (Central Himalaya). J. Sci. Cult., 2000,
66(1), 16–19.
Rautela, P., Traditional practices of the people of Uttarakhand
Himalaya in India and relevance of these in disaster risk reduction
in present times. Int. J. Disaster Risk Reduct., 2015, 13, 281–290.
ID: 64587
Title: Debunking the narrative of India as a large greenhouse gas emitter
Author: J. R. Bhat
Editor: S.K. Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 124 (12) 1378-1383 (2023)
Subject: Debunking the narrative of India as a large greenhouse gas emitter
Keywords: Climate change, GHG emission, NDC targets
Abstract: India is frequently portrayed as the fourth largest greenhouse gas (GHG) emitter globally, based on
the current annual emissions of sovereign nation-states. Through a comprehensive review and assessment, this article argues that other metrics of country-wise emissions provide a more holistic and
unbiased view. The article argues that ranking per se by any metric is of minor value unless also
placed along the actual quantities. India’s cumulative emissions (excluding LULUCF, 1850–2019)
amount to only 4.31% of the global total, well behind the three leading emitters, the United States
(22.46%), the European Union (16.06%) and China (13.45%). Therefore, in terms of annual emissions, the story of India as the fourth largest emitter is very mistaken, as the gap between us and the
third is substantial. The article argues that national emissions must be judged by equity in mitigation
and in the light of climate action being undertaken. On both grounds, India, relative to its responsibility and what equity demands, is doing far more than her fair share
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Stocker, T. F. et al. (eds), IPCC, Climate Change 2013: The Physical
Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2013, p. 1535.
UNEP, Emission GAP Report, United Nations Environment Programme, 2018; https://www.unep.org/resources/emissions-gap-report2018.
Literature cited 2: UNFCCC, Paper No. 1: Brazil; proposed elements of a protocol to
the United Nations framework convention on climate change. No.
UNFCCC/AGBM/1997/MISC.1/Add.3 GE.97, 1997.
Eckstein, D., Kunzel, V., Schaefer, L. and Winges, M., Global Climate Risk Index 2020, Germanwatch e.V., 2020
ID: 64586
Title: HPLC validation of phyllanthin, it’s seasonal variation in phyllanthus fraternus and evaluation of the procurement time
Author: Ch.Venkata narasimhaji, Ravindra singh, Anupam Mangal, Rekha Prabu, Gokul Marimuthu, R.Ilavrasan and Narayanam srikanth
Editor: R.P.Singh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 148 (4) 447-454 (2022)
Subject: HPLC validation of phyllanthin, its seasonal variation in phyllanthus fraternus and evaluation of the procurement time
Keywords: Seasonal validation, Phyllanthus fraternus, Procurement time, Phyllanthin, HPLC-Validation
Abstract: Medicinal plants efficacy for various activities depends on the nature of primary, secondary metabolites and presence of its degree of quantity. The concentrations of secondary metabolites play a vital role for medicinal properties. The amount of secondary metabolites directly related with the growth of the herbs or plants, certainly depends on the collection time of the plant materials for which parts and which season they are acquired .Hence it is important to find out the best season for the collection of raw botanical materials for its desired therapeutic action in an effective manner and it is aimed to evaluate the best harvesting time for phyllanthus fraternus whole plant in terms of assay of phyllanthin through HPLC.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Abedin S. Mossa J.S., Al-Said M.S. and Al-Yahya M.A.(2001) .Flora of kingdom of Saudi Arabia, In Chudhary S.A., ed., National Agriculture and water research Centre, Riyadh, 298 pp.
Agarwal T. and Tiwari J.S.,(1991) .A note on the flavonoid and other constituents of Phyllanthus genus.J.Indian Chemical Society, 68:479-480.
Literature cited 2: Anon., The Wealth of India for Supplement Series (Raw Materials), (2003) .CSIR, New Delhi, Vol.4, 306-307.
Bagalkotkar G., Sgineedu S.R., Saad M.S. and Stanslas J. (2006) Phytochemicals from phyllanthus niruri Linn and their pharmacological properties: A review .J. Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 58 (12): 1559-70.