ID: 62826
Title: Current need for identifying and preserving pigments in the prehistoric cave paintings of India
Author: Chandra Shekhar Mohanty, Rojalin Pattanayak
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 123 (5) 632-633 (2022)
Subject: Current need for identifying and preserving pigments in the prehistoric cave paintings of India
Keywords: Identifying and preserving pigments, prehistoric cave, paintings of India
Abstract: The history of cave paintings in Indian ranges from the upper Paleolithic to the early historic period. There are more than 10,000 locations in the country where these cave paintings can be found. The remnants of rock shelter arts are found on sandstone or sedimentary rocks of Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh. In North India, many rock engravings are in the upper reaches of the Kara-koram Hills and Zanskar Valley. Several rock paintings are reported in Varanasi, Prayag Raj and Agra, Uttar Pradesh. In Eastern India, Odisha has the richest repository of rock arts. The Bhimbetka group of rock shelters in Madhya Pradesh is one of the most famous rock arts of the country and is a World Heritage Site.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Chakravarthy, K.K.and Bedmarik, R.G., Indian Rock Art and its Global Context, Motilal Banarsidas Publ., Bhopal, India,1997.
Blinkhorn, J., Rock Art Studies: News of the World VI, rachaeo Press, Oxford, 2021, p.137.
Literature cited 2: Kumar, V., Indian, J., Archaeol., 2021, 7(1), 1203-1878.
Mathpal, Y., Prehistoric Painting of Bhimbetka, Abhinav Publications, 1984.
ID: 62825
Title: Modal data-based simple statistical analysis as an effective petrogenetic indicator: a study from Kadavur gabbro-anorthosite complex, Tamil Nadu, southern India
Author: Debaleena Sarkar, Jyotisankar Ray, Papiya Banerjee and Suranjana Kayal
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 123 (4) 601-605 (2022)
Subject: Modal data-based simple statistical analysis as an effective petrogenetic indicator: a study from Kadavur gabbro-anorthosite complex, Tamil Nadu, southern India
Keywords: Gabbro-anorthosite, isopleths map, mineralogical parameters, modal data, statistical anal
Abstract: Field and petrographic studies on the Neoproterozoic Kadavur intrusive complex (10°35′N, 78°11′E) (located in the Southern Granulite Terrane of the Indian shield)
reveal three distinct types: (i) earliest phase of deformed schistose gabbro-anorthosite; (ii) most dominant layered gabbro-anorthosite, and (iii) locally developed
pegmatoidal gabbro-anorthosite. A simple modal databased statistical analysis of layered gabbro-anorthosite type yields highly significant or significant correlation
coefficients for different mineralogical parameters and strongly supports differentiation from a common magma.
Typical dispositions of the mineralogical parameters (as depicted by isopleths patterns) suggest maintenance of a magmatic lineage in varying hydration ambience that developed several petrographic variants within the layered type.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Ashwal, L. D., Mineralogy of mafic and Fe–Ti oxide rich differentiates of the Marcy Anorthosite massif, Adirondacks, New York.
Am. Mineral., 1982, 67, 14–27.
Singhinolfi, G. P. and Gorgoni, C., Genesis of massif-type anorthosites – the role of high-grade metamorphism. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 1975, 51, 119–126.
Literature cited 2: Crosby, P., Petrogenetic and statistical implications of modal studies
in Adirondack anorthosite. In Origin of Anorthosite and Related Rocks (ed. Isachsen, Y. W.), New York State Museum and Science Service Memoir, 1969, vol. 18, pp. 289–303.
Taylor, G. J., The composition of the lunar highlands: evidence from modal and normative plagioclase contents in anorthositic lithic fragments and glasses. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 1972, 16, 263–268.
ID: 62824
Title: Growth performance, biomass, carbon storage and carbon dioxide release abatement of bamboo plantation in Chhattisgarh plains of India
Author: Jiwan Lal, M. N. Naugraiya , Nalish Kumar Anchal, Jaimangal Tirkey and Digvesh Kumar Patel
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 123 (4) 596-600 (2022)
Subject: Growth performance, biomass, carbon storage and carbon dioxide release abatement of bamboo plantation in Chhattisgarh plains of India
Keywords: Bamboo plantation, biomass, carbon stock, emission
Abstract: This study was carried out in a bamboo (Dendrocalamus strictus) plantation (8 × 6 m spacing) at the forestry research farm of Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya,
Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India, during 2018–19. The average population of bamboo was 33.38 culms per clumps during July 2018 after 8 months bamboo population was
45.0 culms per clumps during March 2019. The girth of clump was measured 5.66 m during March 2019. The average bamboo height was 8.35 ± 0.54 m and diameter
3.56 ± 0.77 cm at the third internode. The emerging number of new culms per clump was recorded highest in August (5.25 ± 1.91) and lowest in October (0.25 ±
0.45) with no emerging new culms per clumps during November to March. The total biomass, carbon storage and carbon dioxide release abatement were estimated as 3.85 Mg ha–1, 30.01 Mg ha–1 and 110.13 Mg CO2 eq ha–1 respectively
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: CFI, In Proceedings of Non-Timber Forest Product (NTFP) Workshop and Seminar, Community Forest International, Phnom Penh, Cambodia, 7–8 December 2006.
Dietz, J. and Kuyah, S., Guidelines for establishing regional allometric equations for biomass estimation through destructive sampling. World Agroforestry Centre, International Center for Research
in Agroforestry, Nairobi, Kenya, 2011.
Literature cited 2: Kaushal, R., Subbulakshmi, V., Tomar, J. M. S., Alam, N. M., Jayaparkash, J., Mehta, H. and Chaturvedi, O. P., Predictive models
for biomass and carbon stock estimation in male bamboo (Dendrocalamus strictus L.) in Doon valley, India. Acta Ecol. Sin., 2016,
36, 469–476.
INBAR, Bamboo and climate change mitigation: a comparative analysis of carbon sequestration, Beijing, China. International Network for Bamboo and Rattan, Technical Report No. 32, 2010, p. 47.
ID: 62823
Title: Nutrient cycling in the major ecosystems of the cold desert of Himachal Pradesh, India
Author: Poonam, Rajan Bawa and Avanish Sharma
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 123 (3) 488-492 (2022)
Subject: Nutrient cycling in the major ecosystems of the cold desert of Himachal Pradesh, India
Keywords: Agroecosystem, alpine pasture ecosystem, forest ecosystem, nutrient flow, plant biomass
Abstract: Nutrient cycling study was carried out in three major ecosystems, viz. forest ecosystem, alpine pasture ecosystem and agroecosystem of Goshal village, Lahaul and Spiti district, Himachal Pradesh, India to assess the flow of nutrients from one ecosystem to another. Soil nutrients, plant biomass and nutrient content of grasses, herbs and woody species present in the study area were
estimated. It was observed that in forest and alpine pasture ecosystems, nutrients from the woody species return to the system. In the alpine pasture ecosystem, of the total nutrients present in grasses and herbs, 30% returned to the system after decomposition and the remaining 70% was transferred to agricultural fields
through grazing. In the agroecosystem, 90% of aboveground biomass of grasses and herbs was harvested as fodder for winter stall feeding, which returned to the agricultural fields as farmyard manure. Thus, 100% of belowground and 10% of aboveground nutrients in the agroecosystem remained in the field, got decomposed and returned to the system.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Jain, S., Nutrient cycles: basics of ecology and life support systems.
In Ecosystems Processes, Centre for Environment Education, Ahmedabad, 2005, p. 47.
Wood, S., Sebastian, K. and Scherr, S. J., Pilot analysis of global ecosystems: agroecosystems. Food and Agriculture Organization Report, International Food Policy Research Institute and World Resources Institute, Washington DC, USA, 2000.
Literature cited 2: Khosla, P. K., Chadha, T. R., Bawa, R. and Rana, K. K., Action plan on cold deserts. An integrated approach for sustainable development. Regional Centre, National Afforestation and Eco-development
Board, YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, 1993, p. 65.
Samant, S. S., Dhar, U. and Palni, L. M. S., Medicinal Plants of Indian Himalayas: Diversity Distribution and Potential Values, Gyanodaya Prakashan, Nanital, 1998, pp. 111–114
ID: 62822
Title: Genotypic variation in auxin-induced rooting response of detached tomato leaves: an innovative approach for indirect evaluation of yielding ability in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
Author: S. Das, P. Satpathy , S. K. Dash, A. Mohanty, S. Sarkar, B. Pradhan, G. S. Sahu and P. K. Tripathy
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 123 (4) 568-573 (2022)
Subject: Genotypic variation in auxin-induced rooting response of detached tomato leaves: an innovative approach for indirect evaluation of yielding ability in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
Keywords: Genotypic variation, auxin-induced rooting response of detached tomato leaves,innovative approach, indirect evaluation, yielding ability,tomato,Solanum Lycopersicon
Abstract: In this study, the extent of genetic variation in auxin induced rooting response of detached tomato leaves has been assessed and correlated with yielding ability. Fully
expanded, healthy and disease-free compound leaves were excised and treated with 500 ppm aqueous indole butyric acid solution for 45 sec, then washed thoroughly
with tap water and kept in beakers filled with distilled water. The leaves were examined randomly for the number of roots induced, length of the longest root, fresh
root weight and frequency of rooted leaves to determine variation in auxin response of the genotypes. Auxin treated detached leaves of 22 tomato genotypes showed
wide variation in their root traits. The genotypic coefficient of variation for the number of roots, root length, fresh root weight and frequency of rooted leaf cuttings was 45.43, 11.72, 38.45 and 31.66 respectively. Auxin sensitivity index (ASI) of the genotypes ranged from 0.0
to 3.0. A significant positive correlation (0.647) was observed between ASI and fruit yield. This study reveals that genetic variation in the auxin-induced rooting response of detached tomato leaves could be used as an indicator for screening high-yielding tomato genotypes. This innovative approach is simple, rapid and inexpensive.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Yarwood, C. E., Detached leaf culture. Bot. Rev., 1946, 12, 1–56.
Kachru, S., Kumar, P., Sharma, P., Rana, U. and Upadhyay, S. K., Effect of indole butyric acid (IBA), cow urine and growing media
on root formation in tomato stem cuttings. Himachal. J. Agric. Res., 2017, 43, 40–43.
Literature cited 2: Pramanik, K. and Mohapatra, P. P., Role of auxin on growth, yield and quality of tomato – a review. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. Appl. Sci.,2017, 6, 1624–1636.
Ashraf, M. I., Sajad, S. and Iqbal, R., Effect of plant growth regulators (IBA and 2,4-D) on the morphology and biochemical characteristics of radish (Raphanus sativus L.). Int. J. Appl. Sci. – Res. Rev.,2018, 5, 6–10.
ID: 62821
Title: Efficacious piezoelectric energy harvesting, including storage from low-frequency non-periodic bridge vibration
Author: Sumit Balguvhar , Suresh Bhalla, and Chee-Kiong Soh
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 123 (4) 544-567 (2022)
Subject: Efficacious piezoelectric energy harvesting, including storage from low-frequency non-periodic bridge vibration
Keywords: Efficacious piezoelectric energy harvesting,storage from low-frequency non-periodic bridge vibrations
Abstract: Although piezoelectric energy harvesting (PEH) from structural vibrations is well-recognized as a viable paradigm for renewable power generation in the micro- to milliwatt range, most real-life structures, such as bridges, are characterized by low-frequency erratic vibrations, which tend to diminish their practical utility for PEH. This is because the interface circuits involved in rectification and storage tend to lose their efficiency on account of low frequencies and the erratic nature of real-life structural vibrations. This study proposes a fine-tuned D1000 bridge rectifier circuit to circumvent the above problem, culminating in a successful proof-of-concept demonstration of PEH and subsequent storage in Ni–MH rechargeable batteries from real-life bridge vibrations. The unique feature of
this experimental study entails successfully utilizing simple-type piezo elements directly bonded to the host structure and operating in the d31 mode. Additionally, piezo elements bonded to a secondary cantilever structure (acting as a parasite to the main structure) are studied for comparison. Here we present a laboratory based experimental study of a bridge rectifier circuit
for charging a battery from the energy harvested using piezoelectric elements. Results show that it is feasible to charge a battery under a low-frequency and
low-voltage scenario (Voc = 1 V at 5 Hz) employing the proposed D1000 rectifier circuit. We also present a field evaluation of the fine-tuned circuit on vibrations of a real-life flyover. Storage of energy in the capacitors as well as battery has been successfully realized in a realistic environment, achieving a power of 0.27 mW. This study represents successfully increasing the technology readiness level of PEH from 4 to 7 from structural vibrations.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Aabid, A. et al., A systematic review of piezoelectric materials
and energy harvesters for industrial applications. Sensors, 2021,
21, 4145; ttps://doi.org/10.3390/s21124145.
Jiao, P., Egbe, K. J., Xie, Y., Nazar, A. M. and Alavi, A. H., Piezoelectric sensing techniques in structural health monitoring: a state-of-the-art review. Sensors, 2020, 20, 3730; doi:10.3390/
s20133730.
Literature cited 2: Kaur, N. and Bhalla, S., Combined energy harvesting and structural health monitoring potential of embedded piezo-concrete vibration sensors. J. Energ. Eng., 2015, 141(4), D4014001; 10.1061/(ASCE)EY.1943-7897.0000224.
Khaligh, A., Zeng, P. and Zheng, C., Kinetic energy harvesting using piezoelectric and electromagnetic technologies – state-of-theart. IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., 2015, 57(3), 850–860; 10.1109/
TIE.2009.2024652.
ID: 62820
Title: Medicinal plants with kidney-protecting effect in diabetic nephropathy
Author: Arundhati Bag, Abhiskek Byahut and Bidita Khandelwal
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 123 (4) 542-553 (2022)
Subject: Medicinal plants with kidney-protecting effect in diabetic nephropathy
Keywords: Diabetic nephropathy, kidney, medicinal plants, renal diseases, therapeutic agents
Abstract: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a progressive kidney disease, which may often lead to end-stage renal diseases.DN is becoming more prevalent due to the increase in
the incidences of diabetes. Controlling blood glucose levels can inhibit DN, but a significant fraction of the diabetic population can develop DN despite glycemic control. Therefore, identification of new drug molecules that can prevent or ameliorate DN by directly acting
on the kidney would be a breakthrough in its management. Medicinal plants offer a vast repository of potential therapeutic agents for several diseases, including
diabetes and its complications. A good number of plants have been studied for their kidney-protecting effects
on DN. This article summarizes the active compounds and mechanisms by which these plants protect the kidney in diabetic conditions. The majority of the studies
are found for animal models. Clinical trials are available only for a few plants, which are also included in this article.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Chawla, T., Sharma, D. and Singh, A., Role of the renin angiotensin system in diabetic nephropathy. World J. Diabetes, 2010, 1(5),
141–145.
Haller, H., Ji, L., Stahl, K., Bertram, A. and Menne, J., Molecular
mechanisms and treatment strategies in diabetic nephropathy: new
avenues for calcium dobesilate-free radical scavenger and growth factor inhibition. Biomed. Res. Int., 2017, 2017, 1909258.
Literature cited 2: Hussain, S., Jamali, M. C., Habib, A., Hussain, Md. S., Akhtar, M.
and Najmi, A. K., Diabetic kidney disease: an overview of prevalence, risk factors, and biomarkers. Clin. Epidemiol. Global Health,
2021, 9, 2–6.
Jitraknatee, J., Ruengorn, C. and Nochaiwong, S., Prevalence and
risk factors of chronic kidney disease among type 2 diabetes patients: a cross-sectional study in primary care practice. Sci. Rep., 2020, 10(1), 6205.
ID: 62819
Title: MSR-based algorithms for biclustering of microarray gene expression data
Author: R. Balamurugan and S. P. Raja
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 123 (4) 530-541 (2022)
Subject: MSR-based algorithms for biclustering of microarray gene expression data
Keywords: MSR-based algorithms, biclustering,microarray gene expression data
Abstract: Biclustering plays a vital role in the analysis of gene expression data. The biclustering technique was proposed in the year 2000. For the past two decades, several biclustering methods and applications have been used to improve the quality to make sense of large microarray datasets. To find a highly correlated set of genes under specific conditions, usually one uses a measure
or cost function. In such cases, it does not indicate that biclustering methods base their search on evaluation measures to identify the coherent biclusters. However,
there is a substantial deviation between exploration in biclustering techniques and qualitative measure. Here, we present a review of different biclustering methods
with the use of the most efficient measure called mean square residue within the search method. This review will guide researchers to fruitfully investigate their large microarray gene expression data and give meaningful, novel insights with greater efficiency.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Achuthsankar, S. N., Computational biology and bioinformatics: a
gentle overview. Commun. Comput. Soc. India, 2003, 1–12.
Liew, A. W. C., Yan, H. and Yang, M., Data mining for bioinformatics. In Bioinformatics Technologies (eds Chen, P. and Yi-Ping),
Springer, Heidelberg, 2005, chapter 4, pp. 63–116.
Literature cited 2: Pérez-Suárez, A., Martínez-Trinidad, J. F. and Carrasco-Ochoa,
J. A., A review of conceptual clustering algorithms. Artif. Intell.
Rev., 2019, 52, 1267–1296.
Shannon, W., Culverhouse, R. and Duncan, J., Analyzing microarray
data using cluster analyses. Pharmacogenomics, 2003, 4(1), 41–52.
ID: 62818
Title: The invasive azedarach scale Aulacaspis crawii (Cockerell, 1898) (Hemiptera, Diaspididae) in India
Author: SUNIL JOSHI, K. D. PRATHAPAN M. M. SREEJITH HASEENA BHASKAR SHANTANU P. SHUKLA BABITA KUMARI T. K. KUNHAMU
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 123 (4) 527-529 (2022)
Subject: The invasive azedarach scale Aulacaspis crawii (Cockerell, 1898) (Hemiptera, Diaspididae) in India
Keywords: invasive azedarach scale,Aulacaspis crawii, Hemiptera, Diaspididae,
Abstract: Alien invasive species pose major economic and environmental threats that affect
ecosystems, human health and economies
. Of all the invaders, insects are highly successful due to their ability to escape detection, rapid reproduction and quick dispers.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Crooks, J., Oikos, 2002, 97, 153–166.
Pimentel, D., Zuniga, R. and Morrison, D.,
Ecol. Econ., 2005, 52, 273–288
Literature cited 2: Donovan, G. H., Butry, D. T., Michael, Y.
L., Prestemon, J. P., Liebhold, A. M., Gatiziolis, D. and Mao, M. Y., Am. J. Prev.
Med., 2013, 44, 139–145.
Liebhold, A. M., Yamanaka, T., Roques,
A., Augustin, S., Chown, S. L., Brockerhoff,
E. G. and Pyšek, P., Biol. Invas., 2016, 18,
893–905.
ID: 62817
Title: Climate change and adaptation in water sector in India
Author: Sharad K. Jain
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 123 (4) 515-516 (2022)
Subject: Climate change and adaptation in water sector in India
Keywords: Climate change, adaptation, Water sector
Abstract: Consumption of fossil fuels has increased to satisfy the growing demand for rising industrial activities, expanding transportation, intensifying agriculture and burgeoning population since the 1850s. Burning fossil fuels has led to a significant rise in the emission of gases, such as CO2, CH4, NOx, etc. (collectively known as greenhouse gases, GHGs) in the atmosphere. Consequently, more reflected radiation or heat is trapped in Earth’s atmosphere, raising its temperature and causing climate changes. The recently released Sixth Assessment Report (AR6) by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) mentions that ‘it is unequivocal that human influence has warmed the atmosphere, ocean
and land’. IPCC also notes that ‘the likely range of total human-caused global surface temperature increase from 1850–1900 to 2010–2019 is 0.8°C to 1.3°C, with the best
estimate of 1.07°C’.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1:
Literature cited 2:
ID: 62816
Title: Influencing factors and GIS-based spatial interpolation for distribution of draught in Madhya Pradesh
Author: Manoj Kumar, U.C.Dubey, Bikram Jyoti and Ajay Kumar Roul
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 123 (3) 488-492 (2022)
Subject: Influencing factors and GIS-based spatial interpolation for distribution of draught in Madhya Pradesh
Keywords: Anisotropy, draught animal power, semivariogram, spatial interpolation
Abstract: The study investigates the trend and spatial distribution of the draught animal population in Madhya Pradesh, situated at lat.21.6°N to 26.30°N and long.74°90`E to 82°N48`E.Draught animals dominated around 20% (3 million hectares) of the net sown area of Madhya Pradesh, with power availability of more than 0.37 kW/ha. A 1 % increase in tractor density reduces the draught animals by 0.89%, and a 1% increase in percentage forest area increases the draught animals by more than 0.5%. The spherical form of the semi variogram model with an estimate of nugget, sill and range as 0, 500 and 1.6 respectively, was used in kriging. The neighbour search radius and the minimum number of neighbours were taken as 3° and 20 respectively.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Anon., State of the Economy 2020-21:A Macro View, Economic Survey,2020-21,2.
Kumar, A. and Iyer, M., Report Summary: Economic Survey 2020-21.PRS Legislative Research, New Delhi, 2021.
Literature cited 2: anon., Sectoral paper on farm mechanization .Farm sector Policy Department, NABARD head office, Mumbai, India, 2018.
Mehta, C.R., Chandel, N.S., and Senthilkumar, T., Status, Challenges and strategies for farm mechanization in India.AMA-Agr.Mech. AsiaAf.,2014, 45 (4), 43-50.
ID: 62815
Title: The volatility spillover of potato prices in different markets of India
Author: Ranjit Kumar Paul, M.d.Yeasin and A.K.Paul
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 123 (3) 482-487 (2022)
Subject: The volatility spillover of potato prices in different markets of India
Keywords: Nonlinearity, potato price, spillover, volatility
Abstract: Agricultural commodity prices, particularly the prices of perishable commodities, are volatile. The interdependency of market prices of agricultural commodities makes it difficult for accurate modelling. In the present study, two variants of multivariate generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedastic models, namely DCC and BEKK have been applied for modelling the price volatility of potato in five major markets in India, i.e., Agra, Delhi, Bengaluru, Mumbai and Ahmedabad. It is observed that the Agra market has the highest price variability, whereas Mumbai has the least. All the studied market prices showed a significant presence of conditional heteroscedasticity. To this end, Volatility Impulse Response Function has been used to assess the impacts of a specific shock on the price volatility spillovers of potatoes among the studied markets. The volatility spillover has been computed for all the market.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Bellemare, M.F., Barrett, C.B. and Just, D.R., The welfare impacts of commodity price volatility: evidence from rural Ethiopia.Am.J.Agric.Econ. 2013, 95, 877-899.
Engle, R.F., Autoregressive conditional heterosedastiity with estimates of the variance of United Kingdom inflation. Eonometria, 1982, 987-1007.
Literature cited 2: New Bery, D.M., The theory of food price stabilisation .Econ. J., 1989, 99 (398), 1065-1082.
Zheng, Y., Kinnuan, H.W., and Thompson, H., News and volatility of food pries.Appl. Econ., 2008,40, 1629-1635.
ID: 62814
Title: A transcriptomic approach reveals the molecular basis of pre-pupal diapauses of Red Banded Mango Caterpillar, Deanolis sublimbalis
Author: Gandham Srishanarao, Avvaru Sujatha, Pola Sunitha, Meenal Vyas and Pagadala Damodaram Kamala Jayanthi
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 123 (3) 471-481 (2022)
Subject: A transcriptomic approach reveals the molecular basis of pre-pupal diapauses of Red Banded Mango Caterpillar, Deanolis sublimbalis
Keywords: Developmental stages, diapauses, metabolic pathways, Red Banded Mango Caterpillar, transcriptome analysis.
Abstract: The Red Banded Mango Caterpillar (RBMC), Deanolis sublimbalis Snellen (Lepidoptera:Crambidae), a devastating monophagous pest of mango (Mangifera indica L.), enters a pre-pupal diapaus in the absence of host fruits synchronizing its life cycle with seasonal fruiting across southeast Asia and Oceania. Considering its unique nature, a detailed de novo transcriptome analysis was carried out on different physiological stages of RBMC pupae to understand the mechanisms underlying diapauses. A total of 102 differentially expressed unigenes were identified with altered expression patterns (55 unregulated and 47 downegulated)and consequently mapped to various i.e., proteasome, Epstein-Barr virus infection and lipoic acid metabolism were significantly (P<0.01) enriched during the diapauses phase in D.sublimbalis. From the three pathways, 16 differentially expressed genes (15 up-regulated and 1 down-regulated) were identified to play a vital role in diapauses management. To our knowledge, no earlier studies have identified diapauses-related genes in D.sublimbalis. The information gained from the present study can be exploited to develop control strategies involving molecular tools.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Denlinger, D.L., Regulation of diapauses.Annu.Rev.Entomol. 2002, 47, 93-122.
MacRae, T.H., Gene expression, metabolic regulation and stress tolerance during diapauses.Cell.Mol.Life Sci., 2010, 67, 2405-2424.
Literature cited 2: Liu, J.Y., and Lin. J.R., Diapause induction and termination of Bombyx mori.Guangdong Canye, 2011, 45, 35-38.
Kostal, V., Eco-physiological phases of insect diapauses. J. Insect Physiol., 2006, 52, 113-127.
ID: 62813
Title: Population genetic structure and migration pattern of Nilaparvata lugens (Stal) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) populations in India based on mitochondrial COI gene sequences
Author: Guru-Pirasanna-Pandi Govindharaj, Jaipal Singh Choudhary, Aashish Kumar Anant, C.Parameshwaran, G.Basana-Gowda, Totan Adak, P.Paneerselvam, M.Annamalai, Naveenkumar Patil and Prakash Chandra Rath
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 123 (3) 461-470 (2022)
Subject: Population genetic structure and migration pattern of Nilaparvata lugens (Stal) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) populations in India based on mitochondrial COI gene sequences
Keywords: Brown planthopper, genetic variability, migration pattern, mitochondrial gene sequences, rice cultivation
Abstract: Despite the economic and ecological impact of the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens infestation associated with ice cultivation in India, studies on its genetic structure are lacking. Hence, the present study was conducted to assess the genetic variability of N.lugens in India. The study evaluated the diversity in N.lugens populations using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 gene sequences from India, and compared with the Bangladesh, China and Japan populations. In all, 47 unique halotypes were identified and the halotype number varied from 6 to 18 in the sampled populations. Genetic diversity indices like nucleotide diversity (o.oo4), average number of nucleotide differences (1.98), halotype diversity (0.667) and haplotype number (47) of N.lugens populations from India revealed a low level of genetic diversity. A highly significant negative correlation of demographic history of N.lugens populations along with no significant sum of square deviations indicated possible recent expansion of the brown planthopper in India. A non-significant correlation in isolation pattern by distance results indicated that geographic barriers present in the country are not sufficient for genetic differentiation among N.lugens from different migratory populations. In this study, the genetic diversity of N.lugens populations from India is compared with other Asian population.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Pandi G.G.P., Chander, S., Pal, M. And Pathak,H., Impact of elevated CO2 and temperature on brown planthopper population in rice ecosystem.Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci., India,Sect.B.,2016,88(1), 57-64; doi:10.1007/s40011-016-0727-x.
Jena, M.et al., Paradigm shift of insect pests in rice ecosystem and their management strategy. Oryza, 2018,55,82-89; doi:10.5958/2249-5266.2018.00010.3
Literature cited 2: Pandi, G.G.P., Chander, S., Pal, M. and Soumia, P.S., Impact of elevated CO2 on Oryza sativa phenology and brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) population.Curr.Sci., 2018, 114 (8), 1767-1777;doi:10.18520/cs/v114/i08/1767-1777.
Li, S., Wang, H., and Zhoum, G.S., Synergism between Southern rice-black streaked dwarf virus and Rice ragged stunt virus enhances their insect vector acquisition. Phytopathology, 2014, 104(7), 794-799; doi: 10.1094/PHYTO-11-13-0319-R.PMID:24915431.
ID: 62812
Title: Towards nutrition security of India with biofortified cereal varieties
Author: C.N.Neeraja, Firoz Hossain, K.Hariparasanna, Sewa Ram, C.Tara Satyavathi, T. Longvah, P.Raghu, S.R. Voleti and R.M. Sundaram
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 123 (3) 271-277 (2022)
Subject: Towards nutrition security of India with biofortified cereal varieties
Keywords: Biofortification, breeding, cereals, micronutrient malnutrition, nutrition security
Abstract: Rice and wheat are the major staples contributing more than 75% to food-grain consumption, while maize, pearl millet and sorghum are important alternative cereals in India. Cereal bio-fortification is one of the promising approaches to alleviate micronutrient malnutrition. Here we present an overview of the efforts towards development of biofortified cereal varieties enhanced with iron, zinc, protein and provitamin-Ausing conventional breeding approaches, and the possibilities of scaling up and adoption to ease the burden of malnourishment.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, GoI, UNICEF, Population Council, Comprehensive National Nutritional Survey 2016-2018,2019;https:nhm.gov.in/showfile.php?lid=712
Bouis,H.E., Saltzman,A. and Birol,E., Improving nutrition through biofortification.In Agriculture for Improved Nutrition Seizing the Momentum (eds Fan, S.,Yosef,S.and Pandya-Lorch.R.),2019, pp.47-57.
Literature cited 2: Bouis, H.E., and Saltzman, A., Improving nutrition through biofortification: review of evidence from Harvest Plus, 2003 through2016.Global Food Secur., 2017, 12, 49-58.
Mohapatra, T. and Rout, P.K, Indian agriculture: Journey from begging bowl to sustainable food security.Sci., Rep., 2021, 58, 63-69.