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ID: 61117
Title: Assessment of plant diversity in Hollongapar Gibbon wildlife sanctuary, Assam, Northeast India.
Author: Moumita Sarkar and Ashalata Devi.
Editor: Kunal Satyarthi
Year: 2015
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 141 (6) 648-659 (2015)
Subject: The Indian Forester.
Keywords: Community structure, Conservation, Diversity, Phytosociology, Species.
Abstract: The quantitative analysis of plant diversity of semi evergreen forest of Hollongapar Gibbon Wildlife Sanctuary in upper Assam was investigated during 2010-2011 by random plot sampling method. A total of 202 plant species (75 trees, 23 shrubs, 85 herbs including herbaceous climbers, 9 lianas, 3 bamboos, 6 rattans and 1 palm) belonging to 169 genera and 87 families were recorded from the sanctuary. Vatica lanceaefolia Bl., a critically endangered species, emerged as the dominant tree species. The highest plant density and diversity were found in herbaceous species. Shannon-Wiener diversity index (1.93 to 3.81) and Simpson ' s index (0.05 to 0.17) were within the range reported for different Indian tropical forests which indicated that the sanctuary is a species diverse forest. Plant species diversity and their quantitative features recorded from the present study may provide baseline information for conservation and management strategies of the present forest.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Ashton P.S.(1964). A quantitative phytosociological technique applied to tropical mixed rain forest vegetation. Malaysian Forester, 27: 304-17. Ayyappan N.and Parthsarathy N. (2001). Composition, population structure and distribution of Dipterocarps in a tropical evergreen forest at Varagalaiar, Anamalais, Western Ghats, South India. Journal of Tropical Forest Science, 13: 311-321.
Literature cited 2: Bhuyan P., Khan M.L. and Tripathi R.S. (2003). Tree diversity and population structure in undisturbed and human-impacted stands of tropical wet evergreen forest in Arunachal Pradesh, Eastern Himalayas, India.Biodiversity and Conservation, 12: 1753-1773. Campbell D.G. (1994). Scale and patterns of community structure in Amazonian forests. In: Larger-scale ecology and conservation biology P.J.Edwards, R.M. May & N.R.Webb (ed). Blackwell Scientific, Oxford, pp. 179-197.

ID: 61116
Title: Preliminary experimental investigation on splitting of Bambusa polymorpha.
Author: Seema Bhatt, Rajesh Bhandari and Sneha Dobhal.
Editor: Kunal Satyarthi
Year: 2015
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 141 (6) 642-647 (2015)
Subject: The Indian Forester.
Keywords: Bombusa polymorpha, Splitting
Abstract: The study was investigated the splitting failure of Bambusa polymorpha through two testing methods: fracture test and edge bearing test. This is mainly done with an aim to generate preliminary data for studying splitting behaviour of Bambusa polymorpha. The fracture test appears to yield both reliable and accurate results, but so far only one geometry has been tested for split pin test. It has yet to be shown whether a change in the pin diameter, the culm diameter, or the size of the initial crack will have any effect on the stress intensity obtained. It is further proposed that selecting a pin diameter similar to that used for bolted connections may help to develop appropriate values for design. In edge bearing test there is no significant differences were found in considering specimen with different length. As the engineering interest in bamboo is recent, there are many areas still requiring further investigation. The fracture test appears to yield both reliable and accurate results, but so far only one geometry has been tested. In edge bearing test there is no significant differences were found in considering specimen with different length.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: 1: Amada (2001). Fracture properties of bamboo.Composites.Part B.engineering, 32: 451-459. Arce O. (1993).Fundamentals of the design of bamboo structures. Thesis, Eindhoven University, Eindhoven, The Netherlands, 281pp.
Literature cited 2: Kumar S. (1994). ?Bamboo Preservation Techniques: A Review.?International Network for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China.

ID: 61115
Title: In Vitro propagation of Haldu (Adina cordifolia RoxB).
Author: Nusrat Sultana, Saiful Alam M.Tareq and Sharmila Das.
Editor: Kunal Satyarthi
Year: 2015
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 141 (6) 638-641 (2015)
Subject: The Indian Forester.
Keywords: Micro propagation, Growth regulators, Adina cordifolia
Abstract: Haldu (Adina cordifolia Roxb). is a naturally grown tree in moist deciduous forests of Bangladesh and has diversified uses. But the population of the species has become threatened due to over exploitation. The large scale propagation of this species is quite difficult through sexual and asexual methods. So to rescue this important species from going to be threatened, attempts were made to develop an efficient protocol through in vitro culture that would maintain and propagate it in large scale. The shoot tips were used as explants and culture established in MS media supplemented with different concentration of BAP and combination of BAP and NAA 0.5 mg/l. It was observed that MS media supplemented with BAP 1.0 +NAA 0.5 mg/l was more effective for shoot production and development. The present study also showed that IBA was more suitable than NAA where IBA 1.0 mg/l was found more effective for root induction. After sequential hardening, rooted plantlets were successfully transferred to soil and the plantlets were grown luxuriously.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Amin M.N. (1991).Callus culture and plant regeneration from an economically important tropical tree- jackfruit In: Intl.Conf.Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Kathmandu, Nepal, pp 50. Amin M.N., Islam M.N. and Azad M.A.K. (1999). Regeneration of plantlets in vitro from the seedling explants to pomegranate (Punica granatum).Plant Tissue Culture, 9 (1): 53-61.
Literature cited 2: Caboni E.and Tonalli M.G. (1999).Effect of 1, 2-Benzisoxazole-3 acetic acid on adventitious shoot regeneration and in vitro rooting in apple. Plant Cell Reports, 18: 985-988. Cheksum T., Haldina R.I., Sosef M.S.M., Hong L.T. and Prawirohatmodjo S. (1998). (Eds) : Plant resources of south-east Asia Timber trees: Lesser-known timbers.Prosea Foundation, Bogor, Indonesia, 5 (3) : 278-280.

ID: 61114
Title: Progeny variation in seed, germination and seedling traits in seedling seed orchard of Pongamia pinnata (L) Pierre.
Author: C.P.Rahangdale, L.D. Koshta, K.K. Jain and R.P. Dongre.
Editor: Kunal Satyarthi
Year: 2015
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 141 (6) 630-637 (2015)
Subject: The Indian Forester.
Keywords: Pongamia pinnata, Seed variability, Correlation, Germination, Growth.
Abstract: 22 progenies of seedling seed orchard Pongamia pinnata were evaluated for seed morphomatric traits, germination traits and seedling at the age of 8 year old provenance trial. Patterns of genetic variation in Pongamia pinnata (L) Pierre, a humid tropical oilseed leguminous tree, were evaluated at the population level. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among progenies in all studied attributes at nursery stage. All seed morphometric traits were positively correlated among themselves and with germination traits viz., germination per cent, germination value and germination index, except days of initiation of germination and germination energy but no significant correlation was observed with seedling growth traits at nursery stage. The genetic parameters for seed morphometric traits, germination and seedling growth also showed a wide range of variations. Heritability value for different traits was varied from 79 to 96 % for seed morphometric traits, 63-84 % for germination traits, 83 % for shoot height and 62 %for volume index and 56 % for collar diameter. Seed weight and seed volume showed high heritability value coupled with more genetic gain, which indicate the presence of good amount of heritable additive component in both traits.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Annapurna D., Rathore T.S. and Someshekhar P.V. (2005). Impact of clones in a clonal seed orchard on the variation of seed traits, germination and seedling growth in Santalum album L.Silvae Genetica, 54 (4&5): 153-160. Anonymous (2007). Statistical Package for Social Sciences. SPSS 16.0.0.Copyright 1993-2007 Polar Engineering and Consulting, http: // www.winrap.com
Literature cited 2: Bagchi S.K. and SharmaV.P. (1989).Biometrical studies on seed characters of Santalum album L., Silvae Genetica, 38: 152-153. Burton G.W. (1952). Quantitative in heritance in grass.Proc 6th Int.Grassland Congress, 1: 227-228.

ID: 61113
Title: Growth and Carbon storage study in some multipurpose tree species of Pondicherry area
Author: Miria A.Anisa B.Khan.
Editor: Kunal Satyarthi
Year: 2015
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 141 (6) 625-629 (2015)
Subject: The Indian Forester.
Keywords: Biomass, Growth, Carbon storage, Multipurpose trees.
Abstract: Growth rate and carbon storage in selected multipurpose trees were assessed to identify the fast growing trees and also those that store high carbon in their biomass. Among the plant parts studied, wood stored the higher carbon (56.38 mg/g), leaf stored the minimum (53.27 mg/g) and bark had a medium storage (54.06 mg/g).The fast growing tree with maximum increase in diameter and with maximum biomass production was Syzigium cumini (4.42 cm) and slow growing tree was Milletia pinnata (0.82 cm). Syzigium cumini stored maximum carbon (2.71 kg/year) and biomass (4.9 Kg/year). Milletia pinnata stored the minimum carbon (0.67 kg/year) and biomass (1.24 Kg/year). Parkia biglandulosa (3.97 cm), Khaya senegalensis (3.7 cm), Tabebuia rosea (3.5 cm), Peltaphorum pterocarpum (3.17 cm) are also considered as fast growing trees. Trees with fast growth rate and also those which store high biomass carbon are recommended for planting as avenue and ornamental trees as a step to mitigate atmospheric carbon concentration.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Chavan B.L., Rasal G.B. (2010).Sequestered standing carbon stock in selective tree species grown In University campus at Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India. International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, 2: 3003-3007. Chave J., Andalo C., Brown S., Cairns M.A.,Chambers J.Q.,Eamus D., Folster H., Fromard F., Higuchi N., Kira T., Lescure J.P.,NelsonB.W., Ogawa H., Puig H., Riera B. and Yamakura T. (2005). Tree allometry and improved estimation of carbon stocks and balance in tropical forests. Oecologia, 145: 87-99.
Literature cited 2: Chauhan S.K., Gupta N., Ritu S., Yadav and Chauhan R. (2009). Biomass and carbon allocation in different parts of agroforestry tree species. Indian Forester, 135: 981-993. Dinakaran J., Krishnayya N.S.R. (2010). Variations in soil organic carbon and litter decomposition across different tropical vegetal covers. Current Science, 99: 1051-1060.

ID: 61112
Title: Effect of pretreatment on Germination enhancement of Tephrosia Candida (ROXB) DC seed.
Author: Nawa Bahar
Editor: Kunal Satyarthi
Year: 2015
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 141 (6) 621-624 (2015)
Subject: The Indian Forester.
Keywords: Tephrosia candida, Physical dormancy, Hard coated seed, Treatment, Germination.
Abstract: Tephrosia candida is an excellent nitrogen fixing green manure yielding species, which produces hard-coated and green black colour seeds. Seed has physical dormancy due to hardiness of testa. Suitable pretreatment to break the dormancy was investigated. Germination was enhanced from 22.77 percent (untreated) to 90.14 percent (mechanical scarification). Although, mechanical scarification treatment gave early, uniform and highest germination, but it is not practicable on large-scale. Therefore, hot water soaking for 24 hours or scarification by sulphuric acid for 15 minutes is recommended.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Abdul-Baki A.A. and Anderson J.J (1973).Vigour determination in soya bean seed by multiple criteria. Crop Science, 13: 630-633. Acoba R.N. (1987). Pre-sowing treatments of Tropical Acacia. In (Kamra, S.K. and Ayiing, R.D., ed)., Proceedings of the International Symposium on forest seed problems in Africa, Harare, Zimbabwe, 23 August-2 September, 37-61.
Literature cited 2: Adeola A.O. and Dada A.O. (1986). Pretreatment effects on seed germination of Acacia nilotica Linn. Malaysian Forester, 49:45-462. Ahmed N., Bezbaruah H.P. and Singh I.D. (1993). Germination and storage of storage of shade tree seeds. Two-and-a-Bud, 40 (2): 34-37.

ID: 61111
Title: Effect of crown position on cone, seed and germination characteristics in blue pine (Pinus wallichiana, A.B.Jacks)
Author: Virendra Singh, V.K.Sah and Ajay Kumar Singh.
Editor: Kunal Satyarthi
Year: 2015
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 141 (6) 615-620 (2015)
Subject: The Indian Forester.
Keywords: Crown position, Cone length, Seed length, Seed width, Seed germination, Seedling length and dry weight.
Abstract: Effect of crown position study revealed that the cone length (22.14 cm), cone diameter (2.88 cm), number of fertile scales/cone (130.02), total number of scales/cone (141.58), number of seeds/cone (254.04) and weight of seeds/cone (13.04 g) were highest for the cones which were collected from middle crown. The seed length (11.80 mm), width (5.02 mm), thickness (2.99 mm), fresh (5.35 g) and dry weight of 100 seed (4.07 g) were also found maximum of seeds from middle crown. Seed germination was also maximum (68.25%) from middle crown cones under laboratory condition and was significantly higher than the germination of seeds of lower crown. The germination value differed significantly only with lower and upper crown. The maximum germination, germination value, germination index and speed of germination under nursery condition were obtained from the seeds of middle crown but the value of these parameters was less than the values obtained under controlled conditions. The collar diameter and shoot length obtained from the seed collected from middle crown showed a significant difference with the collar diameter and shoot length of lower crown position. However, the seedling dry weight from middle crown differed significantly from upper as well as lower crown position.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Copeland L.O. and McDonald M.B. (1985) .Principles of Seed Science and Technology. MacMillan Publishing Company, New York, 321 pp. Czabator F.J. (1962) Germination value: an index combining speed and completeness of pine seed germination. For Sci., 8: 386-396.
Literature cited 2: El-Lakany M.H., Omran T.A. and Shehata M.S. (1989) Variation in seed characteristics of Csuarina as affected by species, season of collection and position of tree crown. The International Tree Crops Journal, 5: 237-245. F.A.O. (2010). Planted forests in sustainable forest management-A statement of principles.15 pp, Rome.

ID: 61110
Title: Conserving Biodiversity through sacred groves in Pudukkottai district.
Author: M.Geethanjali and Mariaselvam
Editor: Kunal Satyarthi
Year: 2015
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 141 (6) 599-614 (2015)
Subject: The Indian Forester.
Keywords: Sacred groves, Biodiversity, Conservation, Ecosystem services.
Abstract: Pudukkottai is a small district which had a lot of rich forests earlier. Later, all these thick forests were cleared for eucalyptus plantation to feed the paper and rayon factories. Much of the biodiversity has been lost due to the monoculture of eucalyptus. There a quite few sacred groves in this district which still harbor a substantial number of the native flora and fauna and continue to offer the ecosystem services. But many of them are slowly getting degraded due to human intrusion, cattle grazing and invasion by exotic species like Prosopsis. Conservation of these sacred groves helps in conserving biodiversity and also restores the valuable ecosystem services. Conservation measures should aim to improve the conservation status of existing sacred groves and to replicate these in other areas available for plantation.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Anane M. (1997). Religion and conservation in Ghana. In: Leyla Alvanak and Adrienne Cruz (eds).Implementing Agenda 21: NGO experiences from around the world. United Nations Non-Governmental Liaison service, Geneva.pp. 99-107. Chandran M.D.S., Gadgil M.and Hughes J.D. (1998). Sacred groves of the Western Ghats of India. In: Conserving the sacred for Biodiversity management. (Ramakrishna, P.S., Saxena, K.G. and Chandrasekhara, V.M. eds) Oxford and IBH publishing Co.Pvt.Ltd.pp211-231.
Literature cited 2: FSI (2011). Forest Survey of India, Dehradun.Pp. 221. (http://fsi.org.in/cover_2011/tamilnadu.pdf Gadgil M.and Vartak V.D. (1976). The sacred groves of the Western Ghats in India. Economic Botany, 30:152-160.

ID: 61109
Title: Vegetation survey of the Panchpatmali Bauxite mine area, Koraput district, Orissa.
Author: Abhay Kumar Singh, Pradeep Kumar Das, V.R.R. Singh and Rajdeep Singh.
Editor: Kunal Satyarthi
Year: 2015
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 141 (6) 591-598 (2015)
Subject: The Indian Forester.
Keywords: Virgin area; Unmined area plantation; Overburden area; Pre-monsoon; Floristic composition; Rehabilitated area.
Abstract: The present study reports results vegetation survey of naturally occurring plant species found at Panchpatmali bauxite mine area at its undisturbed state and also after plantation without mining for bauxite and at rehabilitated sites of various ages after bauxite mining. Altogether 9, 12 and 23 shrub species and 43, 34 and 113 herb/lianas species were recorded during pre-monsoon period in virgin area, unmined area and rehabilitated over burden (OB) area, respectively. These figures were 9, 13 and 24 for shrubs, and 68, 51 and 163 for herb/lianas during post monsoon period in virgin area, unmined area and rehabilitated over burden (OB) area, respectively. A total 225 species belonging to 56 families were recorded from the study area.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Saxena H.O. and Brahman M. (1994-1996). The Flora of Orissa, vol.1-IV.Regional Research Laboratory, Bhubaneshwar and Orissa Forest Development Corporation Ltd., Bhubaneshwar.2918 p.
Literature cited 2: None

ID: 61108
Title: Conservation and Resource Augmentation of Medicinal Plants Karikanamma Forest,Honavar Forest Division,Uttara Kannada District
Author: Subash Chandran M.D, Ramachanchandra T.V., Joshi N.V.Akhil C.A., Rao G.R., Vishnu D. Mukri
Editor: Dr. T.V.Ramachandra
Year: 2015
Publisher: CES, EWRG
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Conservation and Resource Augmentation Of Medicinal Plants In Karikanama Forest,Honavar Forest Division,Uttara Kannada District
Subject: Conservation And Resource Augmentation Of Medicinal Plants In Karikanamma Forest,Honavar Forest Division,Uttara Kannnada District
Keywords: Conservation, Resource, Augmentation, Medicinal Plants, Karikanamma Forest, Honavar Forest Division,Uttara Kannada
Abstract: This project on "Conservation and Resource Augmentation of Karikanamma Forest in the Honavar Forest Division of Uttara Kannada District" is a part of "National Medicinal Plants Board assisted Resource Augmentation and Conservation of RET Species of Western Ghats" undertaken by the Karnataka Forest Department.The current project is a short term one entrusted to us vide letter No.A2/CR-53/NMPB/2014-15 dated 7-03-2015 of The Deputy Conservator of Forests, Honavar Division, Karnataka Government.The expected outcome from this study is enshrined in the very title itself while special emphasis is on (i) Regeneration studies and (ii).Rapid threat assessment as mandated in the letter from the DCF, Honavar Forest Division (vide letter No.A2/CR-53/NMPB/2014-15 dated 7-03-2015.)
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None

ID: 61107
Title: Sankey Lake: Waiting For An Immediate Sensible Action.
Author: Ramachanchandra T.V., Asulabha K.S., Sincy V.Vinay S, Sudarshan P.Bhat, Bharath H Aithal
Editor: Dr. T.V.Ramachandra
Year: 2015
Publisher: CES, EWRG
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Sankey Lake: Waiting For An Immediate Sensible Action, Page 1-130, June (2015)
Subject: Sankey Lake: Waiting For An Immediate Sensible Action
Keywords: Sankey Lake, Waiting, Immediate, Sensible, Action
Abstract: Wetlands (and lakes) constitute the most productive ecosystems with a wide array of goods and services.These ecosystems serve as life support systems; serve as habitat for a variety of organisms including migratory birds for food and shelter.They aid in bioremediation and hence aptly known as ' Kidneys of the landscape ' .Major services include food control,wastewater treatment,arresting sediment load,drinking waer,protein production, and more importantly recharging of aquifers apart from aidings as sinks and climate stabilizers.The wetlands provide a low cost way to treat the community ' s wastewater, while simultaneously functioning as wild fauna sanctuary,with public access.These ecosystems are valuable for education and scientific endeavours due to rich biodiversity.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None

ID: 61106
Title: Biodiversity, Ecology,Energy, Landscape Dynaimcs &Hydrology of Agastya Foundation Campus, Kuppam.
Author: Ramachanchandra T.V., Harish Bhat, Bharath H.Aithal, Rao G.R., Sudarshan Bhat, Vinay S., Ganesh Hegde, Gouri Kulkarni, Vishnu D.Mukri
Editor: Dr. T.V.Ramachandra
Year: 2015
Publisher: CES, EWRG
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Biodiversity, Ecology, Energy, Landscape Dynamics &Hydrology of Agastya Foundation Campus,Kuppam Page 1-176
Subject: Biodiversity, Ecology,Energy,Landscape Dynamics & Hydrology of Agastya Foundation Campus,Kuppam
Keywords: Biodiversity, Ecology,Energy,Landscape Dynamics & Hydrology ,Agastya Foundation Campus, Kuppam.
Abstract: Agastya International Foundation i a non-profit educational trust that seeks to transform and stimulate the thinking of economically disadvantaged childeren.This has been done by bringing innovative science education to the doorstep of Government schools in various states in India (http:://www.agastya.org)
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None

ID: 61105
Title: An improved assimilation method with stress factors incorporated in the WOFOST model for the efficient assessment of heavy metals stress levels in rice.
Author: Ming Jin, Xiangnan Liu, Ling Wu, Meiling Liu.
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2015
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION. Vol. 41 118-129 (2015).
Subject: APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION.
Keywords: Heavy metal stress, Assimilation, Remote sensing, Improved WOFOST model, Efficiency assessment.
Abstract: Heavy metal contamination in crops is a worldwide problem that requires accurate and timely monitoring. This study is aimed at improving the accuracy of monitoring heavy metal stress levels in rice utilizing remote sensing data. An assimilation framework based on remote sensing and improved crop growth model was developed to continuously monitor heavy metal stress levels over the entire period of crop growth based on the growth law of crops and the stress mechanism. Compared with other physiological indices, dry weight of rice roots (WRT) was selected as the best indicator to estimate heavy metal stress levels. The World Food Study (WOFOST) model, widely used for the description of crop growth, was improved by incorporating stress factors with overall consideration for the changes in physiological status under heavy metal stress. Three scenarios were put forward based on the stress factors fDTGA and f CVF-*, which respectively; correspond to the daily total gross assimilation of CO2 and carbohydrate-to-dry matter conversion coefficient, and were analyzed for their efficiency of simulating WRT. A method of assimilating the leaf area index (LAI) retrieved from remotely sensed data into the improved WOFOST model was applied to optimize f DTGA and f CVF. The results suggested that the scenario using both factors can simulate WRT under heavy metal stress more accurately, with a relative percent error (RPE) lower than 14 %. Based on the RS-WOFOST assimilation framework, continuous spatial-temporal evaluation of heavy metals stress levels based on WRT can be accomplished.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Azizur Rahman, M., Hasegawa, H., Mahfuzur Rahman, M., Nazrul Islam, M., Majid Miah, M.A., Tasmen, A., 2007. Effect of arsenic on photosynthesis, growth and yield of five widely cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L) varieties in Bangladesh. Chemosphere 67 (6), 1072-1079. Boogaard, H.L., Van Diepen, C.A.V.D., Rotter, R.P., Cabrera, J.M., C.A., Van Laar, H.H. (Eds)., 1998.Winand staring Centre, IDLO Wageningen, pp. 1-40.
Literature cited 2: Chen, Y.S., Wu, F.C., Lv, H.Z., Yao, C.S., 2004. Analysis on the water quality changes in the Xiangjiang River from 1981 to 2000.Resour.Environ.Yangtze Basin 13 (5), 508-512. Chi, G.Y., Liu, X.H., Liu, S.H., Yang, Z.F., 2006.Studies of relationships between Cu pollution and spectral characteristics of TritiZnm aestivium L. Spectrosc.Spect.Anal.26 (7), 1272-1276.

ID: 61104
Title: Spatiotemporal variation in the terrestrial vegetation phenology of Iraq and its relation with elevation.
Author: Sarchil H.Qader, Peter M. Atkinson, Jadunandan Dash.
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2015
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION. Vol. 41 107-117 (2015).
Subject: APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION.
Keywords: Phenology, Time-series, Iraq, NDVI, Elevation.
Abstract: Iraq contains the Great Mesopotamian alluvial palin of the Euphrates and Tigris rivers. Its regional vegetation phonological patterns are worthy of investigation because relatively little is known about the phenology of semi-arid environments, and because of their inter-annual variation is expected to be driven by uncertain rainfall and varied topography. The aim of this research was to assess and map the spatial variation in key land surface phenology (LSP) parameters over the last decade and their relation with elevation. It is the first study mapping land surface phenology during last decade over the whole of Iraq, and one of only a few studies on vegetation phenology in a semi-arid environment. Time-series of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data at 250 m spatial resolution and 8 day temporal resolution, were employed to map the spatial variation in three LSP parameters for the major vegetation types in Iraq during 2001-2012.LSP parameters were defined by inflection points after smoothing the vegetation phonological signals using the Fourier technique. The estimated key LSP parameters indicated that the relatively shorter length of season (LOS) in the north of Iraq resulted from a delayed start of season (SOS). Greater spatial variation occurred in the SOS than end of season (EOS) ,which may be due to the spatial distribution of rainfall and temperature as a function of elevation. A positive correlation was observed for SOS and EOS with elevation for all major land cover types with EOS producing the largest positive correlation (R2=0.685, R2=0.638 and R2=0.588, p<0.05 in shrubland, cropland and grassland, respectively). The magnitude of delay in SOS and EOS increased in all land cover types along a rising elevation gradient where for each 500 m increase ,SOS was delayed by around 25 or more days and EOS delayed by around 22 or more days, except for grassland. The SOS and EOS also varied temporally during the last decade, particularly the SOS in the lowland, north of the country where the standard deviation was around 80 to 120 days, due mainly to the practice of crop rotation and the traditional biennial cropping system. Thus, the results of this research emphasize the effect of elevation on key LSP parameters over Iraq, for all major vegetation types.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Acharya, P., Punia, M., 2013. Comparison of MODIS derived land use and land cover with Ministry of Agriculture reported statistics for India.J.Appl.Remote Sens., 7. Arroyo, J., 1990. Spatial variation of flowering phenology in the Mediterranean shrublands of southern Spain.Isr.J.Bot.39 (3), 249-262.
Literature cited 2: Aziz, F.H., 2011. Seventeen spp. new records for the Moss flora of Iraq.Phyton-Int.J.Exp.Bot.80, 35-46. Bobee, C., Ottle, C., Maignana, E., de Noblet-Decoudre, N., Maugisa, R., Lezine, A.M., Ndiaye, M., 2012. Analysis of vegetation seasonality in Sahelian environments using MODIS LAI, in association with land cover and rainfall.J.Arid Environ.84, 38-50.

ID: 61103
Title: Spectral indicators of forage quality in West Africa ' s tropical savannas.
Author: J.Ferner, A. Linstadter, K.-H.Sudekum, S.Schmidtlein.
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2015
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION. Vol. 41 99-106 (2015).
Subject: APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATION AND GEOINFORMATION.
Keywords: West Africa, Field spectroscopy, Partial least squares regression, Rangeland, Metabolisable energy, Green biomass.
Abstract: Forage is among the essential ecosystem services provided by tropical savannas. Expected changes in climate and land use may cause a strong decline in herbaceous forage provision and thus make it advisable to monitor its dynamics. Spectroscopy offers promising tools for fast and non-destructive estimations of forage variables, yet suffers from unfavourable measurement conditions during the tropical growing period such as frequent cloud cover and high humidity. This study aims to test whether spatio-temporal information on the quality (metabolisable energy content, ME) and quantity (green biomass, BM) of West African forage resources can be correlated to in situ measured reflectance data. We could establish robust and independent models via partial least squares regression, when spectra were preprocessed using second derivative transformation (ME: max.adjusted R2 in validation (adjR2VAL = 0.75, min.nRMSE=9.4 %). Reflectance data with a reduced spectral range (350-1075nm) still rendered satisfactory accuracy. Our results confirm that a strong correlation between forage characteristics and reflectance of tropical savanna vegetation can be found. For the first time in field spectroscopy studies, forage quality is modeled as ME content based on 24-h in vitro gas production in the Hohenheim gas test system and crude protein concentration of BM. Established spectral models could help to monitor forage provision in space and time, which of great importance for an adaptive livestock management.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
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