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ID: 61672
Title: Seedling Evaluation of Nyctanthes arbor-Tristis Linn.
Author: Nawa Bahar
Editor: Kunal Satyarthi
Year: 2016
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 142 (2) 139-143 (2016)
Subject: The Indian Forester.
Keywords: Nyctanthes arbor-tristis, Harshinghar, Seed, Seedling evaluation, Abnormal seedling.
Abstract: The present investigation was carried out on seedlings evaluation in Nyctanthes arbor-tristis under laboratory condition. During the course of test, the nature of germination was epigeous and the normal and abnormal seedlings were observed 85 and 9 percent respectively. Eight categories of abnormalities were also found in this species.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: A.O.S.A. (1992).Seedling evaluation handbook, Contrib.N.35 p.84-87.Association of Official seed analyst.Las Cruces.N.M. Anon (1966).International Rules for Seed Testing.Proc.Int.Seed Test. Assoc. 31 (1).
Literature cited 2: Frank W.J. (1929).The germination test regarded from a biological point of vew.Proc.Int.Seed Test. Assoc., 9-10, 1. Gadd, I. (1934).Uber anormale Kimlinge und ihren Wert.Proc.Int.Seed Test.Assoc.18, 137.

ID: 61671
Title: In Vitro seed germination studies of Drypetes Roxburghii (Wall) Hurusava
Author: K.Sri Rama Murthy and M.Chandrasekhara Reddy.
Editor: Kunal Satyarthi
Year: 2016
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 142 (2) 133-138 (2016)
Subject: The Indian Forester.
Keywords: Seed germination, Viability, D.Roxburghii
Abstract: This study was designed to analyse seed germination barriers and effect of storage duration on the seed viability of Drypetes roxburghii. Present study showed that the hard seed coat was affecting the in vivo seed germination. The decoated seeds showed 83.3 % of germination under in vitro conditions on optimum medium of MS+0.5 mg/l GA3 + 0.01 % AC. The seeds of D.roxburghii showed maximum seed viability at storage period of 7 days and declines with further increase of the storage period.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Ahmed M. and Gogoi P. (2000).Agar: History and scope of plantation a perspective. All Assam agar traders and agar oil manufacturers ' association, Nagaon, Assam, India. Badole M., Dighe V.and Charegaonkar G. (2011).Simultaneous quantification of B.amyrin and stigmasterol in Puranjiva roxburghii Wall.by High-performance Thin-Layer Chromatography, International journal of Parma and Bio-Sciences, 2: 346-352.
Literature cited 2: Bag N., Chandra S., Palni L.M.S. and Nandi S.K. (2000).Micropropagation of Devringal [Thamnocalamus spathiflorus (Trin).Munro]-a temperate bamboo, and comparison between in vitro propagated plants and seedlings, plant science, 156: 125-135. Bowes B.G. (1999). A Colour Atlas of Plant Propagation and Conservation. Manson Publishing Ltd, London.

ID: 61670
Title: Clonal Testing of Eucalyptus Clones and Estimation of their Genetic parameters.
Author: Ashok Kumar and G.P.S.Dhillon
Editor: Kunal Satyarthi
Year: 2016
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 142 (2) 127-132 (2016)
Subject: The Indian Forester.
Keywords: Eucalyptus clones, Variability, Heritability, Genetic gain, Path analysis.
Abstract: The present study was carried out to estimate the genetic variability, and genetic advance in clones of Eucalyptus spp. at Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab (India).Significant differences were found among the clones for growth, number of branches and tolerance to gall wasp. The estimates of phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation clearly reflected large amount of variation for volume index and number of galls, and reasonable amount of genetic variability for plant height, collar diameter and number of branches. High heritability with high genetic advance as percentage of mean clearly suggested the potentiality of the clonal material for the improvement of plant height and volume index through selection. Significant positive correlations were recorded for all characters except number of galls, Path analysis revealed that plant height and collar diameter had high and positive direct and indirect effect, whereas, number of branches and number of galls had negative direct and indirect effect on volume index.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Allard R.W. (1960).Principles of plant breeding. Edition 26.John Wiley and Sons, Inc.London. Apiolaza L.A., Raymond C.A. and Yeo B.J.(2005).Genetic variation of physical and chemical wood properties of Eucalyptus globules.Silvae Genetica, 54: 160-166.
Literature cited 2: Aradhya K.M.and Phillips V.D. (1993).Genetic variability ' s in 14 provenances of Eucalyptus species in Hawaii.Silvae Genetica, 42 (1): 9-15. Dhanda S.K. (2003).Seed source trials of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh.in Hryana.ph.D.Thesis, FRI Deemed University, Dehradun.

ID: 61669
Title: Fluctuation of forest floor litter Arthropod population at two tropical dry evergreen forests in India.
Author: L. Arul Pragasan
Editor: Kunal Satyarthi
Year: 2016
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 142 (2) 121-126 (2016)
Subject: The Indian Forester.
Keywords: Insect, Litter arthropod, Arthropod population, Tropical forest, India.
Abstract: This study aimed to address the population changes in the forest floor litter arthropods of two tropical dry evergreen forests namely Kuzhanthaikuppam (KK) and Oorani (OR) located in India. Arthropod samples from the two forests were collected every month for one-year period. The richness of arthropods (size > 3mm) ranged from 8 to 12 taxa at KK and from 7 o12 at OR. The density of arthropods fluctuated from 257.8 to 1257.8 ind m-2 at KK and from 266.7 to 1417.8 ind m-2 at OR. Statistical analysis (ANOVA) revealed that the diversity and the density of arthropods fluctuated significantly (p <0.0001) at both the study sites.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Andesen J.M. and Swift M.J. (1983).Decomposition in tropical forests. In: Tropical rainforests: ecology and management (Sutton, S.L., Whitmore, T.C., Chadwick, A.C.Eds).Blackwell Scientific, Oxford, UK, pp.287-309. Anu A., Sabu T.K.and Vineesh P.J. (2009).Seasonality of litter insects and relationship with rainfall in a wet evergreen forest in South Western Ghats. Journal of Insect Science, 9:1-10.
Literature cited 2: Ashton P.S. (1990).Thailand: biodiversity center for the tropics of Indo-Burma. Journal of the Science Society Thailand, 16:107-116. Asprey G.F. and Loveless A.R. (1958).The dry evergreen formation of Jamaica.II.The raised coral beaches of the north coast. Journal of Ecology, 46: 547-570.

ID: 61668
Title: A study on passages to Global climate change financing: funding for a Greener Earth.
Author: Kapil Kumar Joshi
Editor: Kunal Satyarthi
Year: 2016
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 142 (2) 112-120 (2016)
Subject: The Indian Forester.
Keywords: Climate Finance, UNFCCC, Multilateral Funds, Bilateral Funds, GHG Emission, NAPCC.
Abstract: This paper provides an insight of the present global climate change financing scenario. It develops an understanding of international climate change financing architecture in relation to the various funding mechanism and institutions available at international as well as at nation levels.Contributio0ns by such schemes at global level are discussed at one hand while as India ' s specific requirements for mitigation and adaptation financing in relation to National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) is highlighted on the other. Appropriateness of various multilateral and bilateral funding mechanisms for Indian forestry sector with reference to REDD+ is one of the major derivable of the study. Adequacy of such finances to meet various adaptation and mitigation activities, critical nature of funds as being an ODA rather being additionality and the future course of action of UNFCCC are some other vital issues which are fundamentally presented in the paper to make a reader perceptive as well as sensitive about the issue.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Angelsen A., Brown S. and Zarin D. (2009).Reducing emission from deforestation and forest degradation: An option assessment report. Bird N.and Brown J. (2010).International climate finance: Principles for European support to developing countries.EDC 2020.
Literature cited 2: Buchner B.Falconer A., Trabacchi C. and Brickman M. (2011).The landscape of climate finance. Venice: Climate policy initiatives. Brown J., Nanasta D. and Bird N. (2009).Financing climate change to support mitigation and adaptation actions in Africa: key issues and options for policies and negotiations.

ID: 61667
Title: A perspective on Brazilian Forest policies and Management: Are there some lessons for India?
Author: Suresh Chandra Gairola
Editor: Kunal Satyarthi
Year: 2016
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 142 (2) 103-111 (2016)
Subject: The Indian Forester.
Keywords: Brazilian forest policies, National environmental system, Environmental council, Forest development fund, Forest certification.
Abstract: There are striking similarities in evolution of forest policies and management in India and Brazil. This paper deals with the analysis of Brazilian forest laws, policies, significant forest management practices, Institutional arrangements and participation of communities and civil society with the objective of exploring the possibilities of adopting the same in Indian context. The study reveals that Brazil has no single comprehensive national forest policy like India but it comprises of environmental, agricultural, industrial, indigenous, and timber related decrees, laws and mandates. It enacted Public Forest Management Law in 2006 which brought about far reaching changes in Brazilian forest policy including opening of public forests for the first time for timber harvest by private contractors through the process concessions. Unlike India, there is significantly higher level of participation of civil society and communities in policy formulation at the highest level and management of forests. The National Environmental System is a federal apex body for policy formulation comprising of multi-state and civil society representation. National Environmental Council is a consultative agency with a broad based representation. Sixty per cent (60%) of Brazilian public forests are community forests safeguarding the right of local communities to forest resources without encumbrances. Significant steps have mandate of regulating and overseeing forest concessions, approval of management plans and imparting training, conducting research and providing technical assistance. Brazil has initiated National Forest Development Fund to be primarily financed through forest concessions and to be used for scientific forest management. Brazil has embarked upon the task of preparing National Public Forest Registry. Brazilian protected area network is much more flexible with twelve categories having varying degree of protection. Brazil has developed its own program of forest certification called CERFLOR suited for national criteria and indicators formulated by Brazilian association of technical standards. No such national certification system exists in India. Adoption of similar initiatives in Indian context will significantly contribute towards improved conservation of forests.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Rylands Anthony B.and Brandon Katrina (2005).Brazilian Protected areas. Conservation Biology, 19 (3): 612-616. Banerjee Onil and Alavalapati Janaki (2010).Illicit exploitation of natural resources. The forest concessions in Brazil. Journal of Policy Modelling, 32 (4): 488-504.
Literature cited 2: Davies, Catriona (2010).Brazil Auctions Parts of Amazon for Logging. News article dated November 12, 2010 for CNN Available at http://articles.cnn.com/2010-11-12/world/brazil.forest.auction_1illegal-logging-deforestation-daniel-nepstad?_s=PM:WORLD Eastaugh, Chris, Reyer Christopher, Gonzalez, Pablo Moreno, Wu Jian, Alberto Gappmayer Biscaia and Olga Pentelkina (2009).Forest Agencies ' Early Adaptations to Climate Change, IUFRO Occasional Paper No.23.IUFRO Headquarters, Vienna.

ID: 61666
Title: Capitalizing on the information in Allometric Equation Data Bases for forest Biomass Estimation.
Author: Javier G.P.Gamara, Matieu Henry, Luca Birigazzi and Emily Donegan.
Editor: Kunal Satyarthi
Year: 2016
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 142 (1) 93-101 (2016)
Subject: The Indian Forester.
Keywords: Allometric equations, Globallometree, Bootstrap, Aboveground biomass, Forest inventory.
Abstract: In many countries, inventory data or biomass or volume equations are often incomplete or unavailable. Either taxonomic information is not accurate at the species level, or else no literature exist compiling particular allometric equations for some species. On the other hand, some species are represented by many alternative equations in the database. The vast quantity of information that allometric equation databases such as Globallometree can provide, can be capitalized to inform other, non-available species from the ranges and distributions of aboveground biomass estimates that other, better known species provide. In this study we provide an alternative method that takes those elements to estimate overall plot aboveground biomass from bootstrapping different equations belonging to a certain ecozone. Using a real inventory plot as an example, we prove that such estimates present error levels similar to those of generalized patropical equations when a minimum set of rules for quality control has been added. This opens the possibility to establish more adequate quality control protocols that end up providing even better estimates than those published pantropical equations.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Alvarez E., Duque A., Saldarriage J., Cabrera K., de las Salas G., del Valle I., Lema A., Moreno F., Orrego S. and Rodriguez L. (2012).Tree above-ground biomass allometries for carbon stocks estimation in the natural forests of Colombia. Forest Ecology and Management, 267:297-308. Baishya R. and Barik S.K. (2009). Distribution pattern of aboveground biomass in natural and plantation forests of humid tropics in northeast India. Tropical Ecology, 50 (2): 295-304.
Literature cited 2: Brown S. (1997). Estimating biomass and biomass change of tropical forests: a primer.FAO Forestry Papers 134, Rome, Italy, FAO.55 pp. Canty A.and Ripley B. (2011).boot: Bootstrap R (S-Plus) Functions.R.package version 1.3 Plu1.

ID: 61665
Title: Forest carbon stock measurement to management: perspective REDD+ in Bangladesh.
Author: M.Al-Amin.
Editor: Kunal Satyarthi
Year: 2016
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 142 (1) 86-92 (2016)
Subject: The Indian Forester.
Keywords: Carbon, Allometric equation, GIS application, REDD+ in Bangladesh.
Abstract: Quantification of the organic carbon stock any forest area is impossible without estimating organic carbon storage of the forest. Presently, very scantly information is available about the organic carbon storage for forest areas of developing country like Bangladesh and thereby, a clear picture of organic carbon storage in the forests are yet to develop and the present study proposes a model of estimation of organic carbon of forest area based on their yield classes, as carbon content varies with the age of species. Therefore, development of an allometric equation considering variables like yield class, species, age, site and exposures to hazard are necessary to estimate the carbon content of the species. Technological interventions i.e. applying remote sensing and GIS in measuring and managing carbon stock may facilitate in upcoming important event of forestry sector i.e. REDD+ and its MRV tasks to withstand the proper appraisal of carbon stock for present and future.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Al-Amin M. (2011).Application of spatial data in forest ecology and management.Book: Lambert Academic Publications.Germany.242 pp. Avery B.W. (1980).Systems of soil classification for England and Wales (higher categories.) Soil survey technical monograph no.14 Harpenden.
Literature cited 2: Busby R.J.N. (1974).Forest site yield guide to upland Britain. Forestry Commission Forest Record.Edinburgh.UK.13pp. Dewar R.C. andCannellM.G.R. (1992).Carbon sequestration in the trees, products and soils of forest plantations: an analysis using UK examples. Tree physiology, 11:49-71.

ID: 61664
Title: Status of forest biomass and carbon stock assessment in South Asia.
Author: M.Sivaram, S.Sandeep and H.Matieu.
Editor: Kunal Satyarthi
Year: 2016
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 142 (1) 81-85 (2016)
Subject: The Indian Forester.
Keywords: Forest biomass, Carbon stock, South Asia.
Abstract: In this paper, the status of forest biomass and carbon stock assessment in South Asia has been reviewed based on the reports of Forest Resource Assessment (FRA) -2010 published by FAO. The quality of the data reported to FAO is mediumto high. The countries heavily depend on growing stock volume from National Forest Inventory reports for biomass and carbon estimation. While the National Forest Inventory is being carried out in India at regular intervals, other countries are attempting or in the process of undertaking periodic forest inventory. Besides updating existing database of volume and biomasss allometric equations, the region/country specific biomass and carbon conversion factors are required to improve the present biomass and carbon estimates.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Brown, S. (1997).Estimating biomass and biomass change of Tropical Forests: a primer.FAO Forestry Paper -134.FAO, Rome (also available at http:www.fao.org/docrep/w4095e/w095e00.HTM). FAO (2010).Global forest resources assessment (2010), Country reports-Bangladesh, FRA 2010/017 Rome 2010.
Literature cited 2: FAO (2010).Global forest resources assessment (2010), Country reports-Bhutan, FRA 2010/024Rome 2010. FAO (2010).Global forest resources assessment (2010), Country reports-India, FRA 2010/094 Rome 2010.

ID: 61663
Title: Status of tree volume calculation and development of allometric equations in Pakistan.
Author: Syed Moazzam Nizami and Syed Mahmood Nasir.
Editor: Kunal Satyarthi
Year: 2016
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 142 (1) 75-80 (2016)
Subject: The Indian Forester.
Keywords: REDD+, Allometric models, Biomass, Tree volume, Forest ecosystem, Pakistan.
Abstract: This paper reviews and analyses the biomass and volume allometric models that have been developed for various tree species in forest ecosystem types in Pakistan. The mathematical form of the allometric model, the associated statistical parameters, as well as information about the size (tree diameter and height) and the number of the sample trees used to develop models were collected from various sources published in scientific (both international and national) journals, student thesis and conference presentations. The total number of allometric models that have been reviewed in this paper are 18 consisting of 16 models for estimating biomass of tree components and 2 models for calculating stem volume. The spatial distribution analysis showed that these models have been prepared for dominant species of sub-tropical and coniferous sub-alpine forest ecosystem of Pakistan. These species include Acacia modesta (Phulai), Olea ferruginea (Kahu), Pinus roxburghii (Chir) and Betula utilis (Birch).In biomass models, both above and below ground biomass have been considered. Besides information on model distribution, data coverage, this paper analyses the gaps and proposes strategies to fill the gaps. The collected information on the models provides a basic tool for estimation of forest biomass relevant to its ecosystem. This information also provides input to support the national forest carbon accounting for REDD+.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Abbas M.Nizami S.M., Saleem A.Gulzar S.and Khan I.A (2011).Biomass expansion factors of Olea furriginea (Royle) in sub tropical forests of Pakistan. African Journal of Biotechnology, 10 (9): 1586-1592. Alam K.and Nizami S.M. (2014).Assessing Biomass Expansion Factor Factor Tree Betula Utilis D.DON.Open Journal of Forestry, 4: 181-190.
Literature cited 2: Baskerville G.L. (1972).Use of logarithmic regression in estimation of plant biomass, Canadian Journal of Forestry, 2: 49-53. IPCC (2006).IPCC Guidance for national Greenhouse Gas Inventories, prepared by national greenhouse gas inventories program, Eggleston.

ID: 61662
Title: Attempts of modeling forest tree volume and biomass in SriLanka.
Author: S.M.C.U.P.Subasinghe
Editor: Kunal Satyarthi
Year: 2016
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 142 (1) 68-74 (2016)
Subject: The Indian Forester.
Keywords: Modelling forest, Tree Volume, Biomass, Srilanka.
Abstract: Modelling forest tree volume has a long history due to its importance in forest management decision making. However, tree biomass prediction become more popular recently because it has a strong relationship with carbon sequestration. Over the years, numerous attempts were made to construct allometric models in predicting tree volume and biomass in Sri Lanka for different forest species. Volume and biomass estimation in forest trees in Sri Lanka can be divided into four main types, i.e., (i) use of specific models built for the target species, (ii) use of models originally built for different tree species from the target once, (iii) use of common/universal conversions and (iv) use of remote sensing related studies. The first three types, however, became more common because mainly remote sensing studies do not facilitate the biomass estimation at the tree level. Details of tree volume and biomass prediction models constructed for Eucalyptus grandis, E.torelliana, E.microcorys, Tectona grandis, Pinus caribaea, Khaya senegalensis and Alstonia macrophylla are discussed in this paper.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Amaro A., Reed D.and Soares P. (2003).Modelling forest systems.CABI Publishing, CAB International, Wallingford, UK. Bandaratillake H.M. (1998).Administration report of the Conservation of Forests of Sri Lanka for the year 1998, Forest Department
Literature cited 2: Bukhart H.E.(2003).Suggestions for choosing and appropriate level for modeling forest stands.In A.Amaro, D.Reed and P.Soares (eds.) Modelling forest systems.CABI Publishing, CAB International, Wallingford, UK, pp 3-10. Forest inventory manual for Sri Lanka (1996).Forest Department, Sri Lanka.

ID: 61661
Title: Error propagation in forest biomass assessment.
Author: M.Sivaram, S.Sandeep and H.Matieu.
Editor: Kunal Satyarthi
Year: 2016
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 142 (1) 62-67 (2016)
Subject: The Indian Forester.
Keywords: Biomass, Error propagation, Allometric equation, Monte Carlo analysis, Pseudo-meta-analysis and Bayesian model.
Abstract: Forest biomass is the basis for the estimation of carbon storage and emission due to forestry sector. Through the total forest biomass includes aboveground and belowground biomass, this paper deals with the issues related to aboveground biomass. The total aboveground biomass is estimated through a number of variables measured across various components of trees using non-destructive methods. The techniques employed range from simple measuring tape to regression models to satellite imageries. The total error in biomass estimates is the sum of errors in the variables propagated in a hierarchical fashion. The knowledge of prediction errors helps to know the quality of biomass and subsequently bio-energy and carbon estimates. In this paper, various sources of error in biomass estimation, error quantification and error propagation are discussed. The sources of error include tree measurements, sampling strategy, choice of an allometric model and satellite imageries. In South Asia, the standard errors of co-efficient of biomass equations and R2 are often depicted as indicators for the quality of volume and biomass equations. The studies on error propagation in biomass estimates are scarce. Monte Carlo analysis, Pseudo-meta-analysis and Bayesian model averaging have been investigated to address the issues of error propagation in biomass estimation. Among these Bayesian model averaging to be a promising technique.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Ajith, Srivastava P.N., Gupta V.K.and Solanki K.R. (1999).Tree growth modeling: Problem of negative and constant estimation size.Agro Forestry News Letter, 11 (1): 4. Brown S. (1997).Estimating biomass change of Tropical Forests: a primer.FAO Forestry Paper-134.FAO, Rome (also available at http://www.fao.org/docrep/w4095e/w4095e00.HTM.).
Literature cited 2: Case B.S and Hall R.J.(2008).Assessing prediction errors of generalized tree biomass and volume equations for the boreal forest region of west-central Canada, Can.J.For.Res., 38: 878-889. Chave.J. Condit R., Aguilar S., Hernandez A., Lao S. and Perez R. (2004).Error propagation and scaling for tropical forest biomass estimates, The Royal Society, 359:409-420.

ID: 61660
Title: The Randomized branch sampling-A cost effective estimation method of above ground biomass.
Author: Purna B., Chhetri, Santosh Katwal, Tashi Dukpa, Sonam Drukgyel and Timothy G.Gregoire.
Editor: Kunal Satyarthi
Year: 2016
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 142 (1) 47-61 (2016)
Subject: The Indian Forester.
Keywords: Randomised, Branch, Sampling, Bhutan.
Abstract: Forest ecosystem plays an important role in global cycling and storing and United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCC) and its Kyoto Protocol recognized the role of forests in carbon sequestration and storage. Modelling forest dynamics, predicting future yield, and exploring alternatives sustainable management options require accurate tree wood volume and biomass estimation. In order to achieve best biomass estimation, it is important to use appropriate biomass sampling technique that is unbiased. Here we described a randomized branch sampling a technique recently been popularized in forestry to sample above ground biomass of tree species (Gregoire et al., 1995) in relatively most effective and statistically reliable manner.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Alvarez E., Duque A., Saldarriaga J., Cabrera K., Salas G.D.L., Valle I.D., Lema A.,Moreno F., Orrego S., and Rodriguez L.(2012).Trees aboveground biomass allometrics for carbon stocks estimation in the natural forests of Columbia.For.Ecol.and Mgt., 267(7): 297-308. Baral S.K., Malla R., and Ranakhat S. (2009).Aboveground carbon stock assessment in different forest types of Nepal.Banko Janakari, Vol.19, No.2.
Literature cited 2: Bhattarai T.P., Skutsch M.and Rana E.B. (2012).Carbon sequestration Potentials of Community-based Forest Management in Nepal. International Journal of Climate Change: Impacts and Responses, (3) 2. Brandeis T.J., Delaney M., Parresol B.R. and Royer L. (2006).Development of equations for predicting Puerto Rican subtropical dry forest biomass and volume.For.Ecol &Mgt., 233: 133-142.

ID: 61659
Title: An overview of Allometric equations used for biomass estimation in Nepal.
Author: H.B.Thapa
Editor: Kunal Satyarthi
Year: 2016
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 142 (1) 36-46 (2016)
Subject: The Indian Forester.
Keywords: Allometric equation, Biomass estimation, Application, Terai, Mid-hills, Nepal.
Abstract: Estimation of Biomass is an important tool in the management of different types of natural forests and plantations in Nepal. It is essential to estimate growing stock (biomass) in a particular area for better management of government-managed forest, private forest and community forests through the use of reliable allometric equations. The importance in producing allometric equations for biomass estimation of tree components for fuel wood and fodder has increased due to assessment of forest carbon in recent years in Nepal. The existing tree-wise allometric equations developed for predicting biomass of tree components are a fewer number of species. Very few organizations have been involved in biomass studies. Mostly, the equation Ln (W) = a+b Ln DBH (W refers to green or oven-dry weight of tree components in kg and DBH refers to over bark diameter at breast height in cm measured at 1.3 m or 1.37 m) has been used for estimation of above-ground biomass for 46 tree and NTFP species in the Terai, Siwalik and Mid-hills of Nepal. The biomass studies have been carried out for three mixed species in the Mid-hills and two mixed species in the Terai. The equation, Ln (W) = a+b Ln (D2L) has been developed for estimation of foliage, branch and culms of four bamboo species (Bambusa nutans sub sp.nutans, B.nutans sub sp.cupulata, B.tulda and Dendrocalamus hookeri) in the Terai region of Nepal. These equations for biomass prediction are available for predicting the above ground tree components (stem, branch, and foliage in most cases) and only for some of the major tree species. There are no equations or models for predicting the below-ground-components of tree biomass (stump and root) in Nepal. The existing allometric equations for estimation of biomass have been developed from a narrow geographical area and small-sized trees in most cases, which has caused the limited use of such equations. Gaps and shortcomings related to developed allometric equations are discussed. Sound government plan and support, amendment in existing rules and regulations, strong coordination among the institutions (government, non-government and private), and use of standard manuals are some of the major future priorities to carry out-above-ground and below-ground biomasses in Nepal.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Acharya K.P., Regmi R. and Acharya B. (2003).Biomass and Volume Tables for terai sal (Shorea robusta) forest of Nepal. Forest Research Leaflet No.15 Department of Forest Research and Survey, Ministry of Forests and Soil Conservation, Karthmandu, Nepal. Applegate G.B., Hawkins T. and Thompson I. (1985).Preliminary Guidelines for Biomass Studies in Nepal. Nepal-Australia Forestry Project. Technical Note 2/85.Kathmandu, Nepal.
Literature cited 2: Applegate G.B.Gilmour D.A. and Mohns B. (1988a).The use of Biomass Estiamtions in the Management of Forests for Fuelwood and Fodder production. Commonwealth For.Rev, 67 (2): 141-148. DoF. (1996).Biomass Tables of Ten Preferred Species in the Hills of Nepal. Community and Private forestry Division, Department of Forests, Babarmahal, Kathmandu, Nepal.

ID: 61658
Title: Use of volume/Allometric equations in national biomass estimation.
Author: Prakash Lakhchaura
Editor: Kunal Satyarthi
Year: 2015
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 142 (1) 31-35 (2016)
Subject: The Indian Forester.
Keywords: Volume, Allometric equation, Biomass estimation, Carbon stocks.
Abstract: The role of volume/allometric equations in precise estimation of National Forest Biomass/Carbon is immense. In the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, the potential benefits for non-annex-I parties will be based on results that must be measured, reported and verified. Therefore, precise volume/allometric equations will play an important role in verifying the volume and carbon stock estimates for the country. The data collected during National Forest Inventory (NFI) is used for estimation of carbon stock in country ' s forest using species wise volume/allometric equations developed by FSI.FSI has developed around 750 volume equations for 190 species spread throughout India, Bhutan and parts of Nepal. In addition, FSI also developed more than 600 allometric biomass equations for different species in different physiographic zones of the country through a special study.FSI continuously develop local volume equations using the data collected during NFI and used them for estimation of volume. In addition, volume equation can be used for estimation of quantity of wood contain in trees, prediction in future yield and estimation of increment.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Govt. of India Forest Survey of India, Ministry of Environment & Forests (2012).Carbon Stock in India ' s Forest. Govt. of India, Forest Survey of India, Ministry of Environment & Forests (2013).India State of Forest Report.
Literature cited 2: Govt.of India, Forest Survey of India, Ministry of Environment & Forests (2005).India state of Forest Report. Govt. of India, Forest Survey of India, Ministry of Environment & Forests (1996).Volume Equations for Forests of India, Nepal and Bhutan.