Enter records

ID: 61852
Title: Linking movement and environmental data: The need for representation.
Author: A.Ibrahim, U.Turdukulov, M.-J.Kraak.
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. Vol. 45 (A) 95-105(2016).
Subject: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation
Keywords: Movement data, Environmental data, Spatiotemporal representation, Spatiotemporal data integration, Movement behaviour.
Abstract: In several domains, there has been an increasing interest in analysisng moving objects due to recent ubiquity of location tracking devices. These locations are commonly abstracted and stored as trajectories: a finite set of ordered in time geometries. Tracked objects tend to move in a certain environment that influences their movement behaviour. Time dependent environmental data are commonly abstracted and stored/ in grid/array structures that have different granularities and characteristics compare to the trajectory datasets. Movement analysis requires linking these two data types. However, little consideration has been given to the issues of integration in the moving objects databases that is primarily dealing with trajectory storage and analysis as well as in array databases dealing mainly with the storage and retrieval of grid structures. In this paper, we propose a database model that utilizes abstract data types for combining trajectories and time dependent environmental data. We introduce a set of spatio-temporal operations for interacting with raster data and integrating them with the moving geometries. We demonstrate how integration operations can be used for manipulation and analysis of moving objects, using trajectories of tropical cyclone and environmental data, using sea surface temperature (SST) for the period from 1980 to 2009 as a case study. Since tropical cyclones generally gain strength over the warmer seas, the proposed operations are used to answer questions about genesis and movement patterns of tropical cyclones, in relation to the changing patterns of the SST.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Andrienko, G., Andrienko, N., M., 2011.An event-based conceptual model for context-aware movement analysis.Int.J.Geograph.Inf.Sci.25, 1347-1370. Baumann, P., Holsten, S., 2011.A comparative analysis of array models for databases. In: Kim, T., Adeli, H., Arslan, T., Zhang, Y., Ma, J., Chung, K., Mariyam, S., Song, X. (Eds).Database Theory and Application, Bio-Science and Bio-Technology, Vol.258 of Communications I n Computer and Information Science. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, pp.80-89.
Literature cited 2: Buchin, M.Dodge, S., Speckmann, B., 2014.Similarity of trajectories taking into account geographic context.J.Spat.Inf.Sci.9, 101-124. Emanuel, K., 1988.The maximum intensity of hurricanes.J.Atmos.Sci.45, 1143-1155.

ID: 61851
Title: A new burn severity index based on land surface temperature and enhanced vegetation index.
Author: Zhong Zheng, Yongnian Zeng, Songnian Li, Wei Huang.
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. Vol. 45 (A) 84-94 (2016).
Subject: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation
Keywords: Burn severity, vegetation index, Land surface temperature, Forest fire.
Abstract: Remotely sensed data have already become one of the major resources for estimating the burn severity of forest fires. Recently, Land surface Temperature (LST) calculated from remote sensing data has been considered as a potential indicator for estimating burn severity. However, using the LST-based index alone may not be sufficient for estimating burn severity in the areas that has unburned tree and vegetation. In this paper, a new index is proposed by considering LST and enhanced vegetation index (EVI) together. The accuracy of the proposed index was evaluated by using 264 composite burn index (CBI) field sample data of the five fires across different regional eco-type areas in the Western United States. Results show that the proposed index performed equally well for post-fire areas covered with both sparse vegetation and dense vegetation and relatively better than some commonly-used burn severity indices. This index also has high potential of estimating burn severity if more accurate surface temperatures can be obtained in the future.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Berg, N.D., Gese, E.M., Squires, J.R., ASubry, L.M., 2012.Influence of forest structure on the abundance of snowshoe hares in western Wyoming.J.Wildl.Manage.76, 1480-1488. Brown, P.M., Sieg, C.H., 1999.Historical variability in fire at the ponderosa pine-Northern Great Palins prairie ecotone, southeastern Black Hills, south Dakota.Ecoscience 6, 539-547.
Literature cited 2: Chen, X., Voglemann, J.E., Rollins, M., Ohlen, D., Key, C.H., Yang,L., Huang, C., Shi,H., 2011.Detecting post-fire burn severity and vegetation recovery using multitemporal remote sensing spectral indices and field-collected composite burn index data in a ponderosa pine forest.Int.J.Remote Sens.32, 7905-7927. Chuvieco, E., Cocero ,D., Riano, D.,Martin, P., Martinez-Vega,J., de la Riva, J., Perez ,F., 2004.Combining NDVI and surface temperature for the estimation of live fuel moisture content in forest fire danger rating. Remote Sens.Environ.92, 322-331.

ID: 61850
Title: Improving remote sensing research an education in developing countries: Approaches and recommendations.
Author: Barry Haack, Robert Ryerson.
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. Vol. 45 (A) 77-83 (2016).
Subject: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation
Keywords: Remote sensing, Developing countries, Technology transfer, Capacity building.
Abstract: Since the 1970s, a number of different models have been used to develop basic and applied science capacities of remote sensing in developing countries. Those efforts have had varied levels of success. One of the more effective capacity building efforts is extended training workshops held within the targeted developing country institution with existing resources. The extending training format requires participant teams to complete a remote sensing project for their country in their organization. The basic science activity of developing country scientists was documented was by a review of six remote sensing journals which determined that a very small percentage of remote sensing manuscript authors are from developing countries. Many developing countries have established internal remote sensing capacities but many others have not. Given the potential importance of remote sensing for natural resource assessment and monitoring as well as economic decision making, more attention must be given to assisting those countries in hardware, software, internet capacity and technical assistance.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Adedeji, A., 1988.Remote sensing and African development programmes.Photogrammetria 43 (1), 17-24. Brandenberger, A.J., 1968.The impact of (photogrammetric) surveying and mapping on the framework of national and international economy. In: Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the American Society of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Washington, D.C.
Literature cited 2: Campbell, F.H.A., Ryerson, R.A., Brown, R.J., 1995.GlobeSAR: a Canadian radar remote sensing program.Geocarto Int. 10 (3), 3-7. Conitz, M., 1978.A development Assistance Program in Remote Sensing.Photogramm.Eng.Remote Sens.44, 177-182.

ID: 61849
Title: Estimating leaf functional traits by inversion of PROSPECT: Assessing leaf dry matter content and specific leaf area in mixed mountainous.
Author: Abebe Mohammed Ali, Roshanak Darvishzadeh, Andrew K.Skidmore, Iris van Duren, Uta Heiden, Marco Heurich.
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. Vol. 45 (A) 66-76 (2016).
Subject: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation
Keywords: Functional leaf traits, Radiative transfer model, PROSPECT, LDMC, SLA.
Abstract: Assessments of ecosystem functioning rely heavily on quantification of vegetation properties. The search is on for methods that produce reliable and accurate baseline information on plant functional traits. In this study, the inversion of the PROSPECT radiative transfer model was used to estimate who functional leaf traits: leaf dry matter content (LDMC) and specific leaf area (SLA).Inversion of PROSPECT usually aims at quantifying its direct input parameters. This is the first time the technique has been used to indirectly model LDMC and SLA. Inversion of PROSPECT usually aims at quantifying its direct input parameters. This is the first time the technique has been used to indirectly model LDMC and SLA. Biophysical parameters of 137 leaf samples were measured using an ASD FieldSpec3 quipped with an integrating sphere. PROSPECT was inverted using a look-up table (LUT) approach. The LUTs were generated with and without using prior information. The effect of incorporating prior information on the retrieval accuracy was studied before and after stratifying the samples into broadleaf and conifer categories. The estimated values were evaluated using R2 and normalized root mean square error (nRMSE). Among the retrieved variables the lowest nRMSE (0.0899) was observed for LDMC. For both traits higher R2 values (0.83 for LDMC and 0.89 for SLA) were discovered in the pooled samples. The use of prior information improved accuracy of the retrieved traits. The strong correlation between the estimated traits and the NIR/SWIR region of the electromagnetic spectrum suggests that these leaf traits could be assessed at canopy level by using remotely sensed data.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Albert, C.H., Thuiller, W., Yocoz, N.G., Soudant A., Boucher, F., et al., 2010.Intraspecific functional variability: extent, structure and sources of variation.J.Ecol.98 (3), 604-613. Asner, G.P., Braswell, B.H., Schimel, D.S., Wessman, C.A., 1998.Ecological research needs from multiangle remote sensing data. Remote Sens.Environ.63 (2), 155-165.
Literature cited 2: Asner, G.P., Martin, R.E., 2008.Spectral and chemical analysis of tropical forests: scaling from leaf to canopy levels. Remote Sens.Environ.112 (10), 3958-3970. Asner, G.P., Martin, R.E., 2009.Airborne spectranomics: mapping canopy chemical and taxonomic diversity in tropical forests.Front.Ecol.Environ. 7 (5), 269-276.

ID: 61848
Title: Characterizing the spatial dynamics of land surface temperature-impervious surface fraction relationship.
Author: Jiong Wang, Zhan Qingming, Huagui Guo, Zhicheng Jin.
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. Vol. 45 (A) 55-65 (2016).
Subject: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation
Keywords: Spatial dynamics, Scale, LST, ISF, Relationship.
Abstract: The land surface temperature (LST) pattern is treated as one of the primary indications of environmental impacts of land cover change. Researchers continue to explore the potential contribution of land surface to temperate rising. The LST-land surface relationship is dynamic and varies spatially. Based upon the previous studies, this research assumes that such dynamics is manifested at two levels: (1) the phenomenon level, and (2) its formation mechanism level. The research presents a workflow of exploring such dynamics at both levels. The variogram of the phenomenon and multi-scale analysis of the LST-land surface relationship are mutually interpreted. In the case study of Wuhan, China, the variogram of the LST indicates that the operational scale of the phenomenon is 500-650 m. It suggests the optimal scale to inspect the LST and its cause in the study area. This finding is verified and further inspected through multi-scale analysis of the LST-Impervious Surface Fraction (ISF) relationship at the formation mechanism level. The research also employs the Spatial Autocorrelation model to show how the ISF impacts the LST through scales. A flexible autocorrelation weight matrix is proposed and implemented in the model. The parameters of the model exhibit the thermal sensitivity of land surface and again represent the scale features. The ordinary Least Square regression is used as the benchmark. Several implications are discussed.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Abedini, M.J., Shaghaghian, M.R., 2009.Exploring scaling laws in surface topography. Chaos Soliton.Frac.42 (4), 2373-2383. Anderson, M.C., Norman, J.M., Kustas, W.P., Houborg, R., Starks, P.J., Agam, N., 2008. A thermal-based remote sensing technique for routine mapping of land-surface carbon, water and energy fluxes from field to regional scales. Remote Sens.Environ.112 (12), 4227-4241.
Literature cited 2: Anselin, Luc, Bera, Anil K., 1998.Spatial dependence in linear regression models with an introduction to spatial econometrics. Stat Textbooks Monogr.155, 237-290. Anselin, Luc, 2001.Spatial Econometrics. A Companion to Theoretical Econometrics. Wiley, pp.310-330.

ID: 61847
Title: Disturbance analyses of forests and grassland with MODIS and Landsat in New Zealand.
Author: Kirsten M.de Beurs, Braden C.Owsley, Jason P.Julian.
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. Vol. 45 (A) 42-54 (2016).
Subject: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation
Keywords: MODIS, Landsat, Tasseled Cap, Forests, Grasslands.
Abstract: In this study we present, evaluate and validate an approach to monitor forest and grassland disturbance. We apply the approach to both Landsat and MODIS imagery for the North Island of New Zealand and validate the results based on high resolution OrbView and Ikonos imagery. We found an overall accuracy of the disturbance index of 98 % for the two studied land cover types. The kappa value was 0.770 indicating a 77 % better agreement than what would have occurred by chance. We found that there is a difference between the accuracy received for grassland areas compared to the accuracy received for forest areas, with the grassland areas outperforming the forest areas (Kappa of 0.855 vs.0.656).We split the validation results by soil type and also evaluate the effect of different soil types with respect to grazing pressures. The disturbance index behaved consistently for all available soil orders. We found forest disturbance for approximately 36.2 % of the exotic forests, resulting in an annual clearing rate of 2.6 % of the forest over the study period. Lastly we present a close-up study to evaluate the changes in grazing in one intensely used catchment. We demonstrate that the December/January disturbance rates have increased from about 6 % in 2000 to about 16 % in 2012.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Arnett, J.T., Coops, N.C., Gergel, S.E., Falls, R.W., Baker, R.H., 2014.Detecting stand-replacing disturbance using rapideye imagery: a tasseled cap transformation and modified disturbance index.Can.J.Remote Sens.40, 1-14. Conant, R.T., 2010.Challenges and Opportunities for Carbon Sequestration in Grassland Systems: a technical Report on Grassland Management and Climate Change Mitigation. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
Literature cited 2: Congalton, R.G., 1991. A review of assessing the accuracy of classifications of remotely sensed data. Remote Sens.Environ.37, 35-46. Crist, Eric P., 1985.A TM tasseled cap equivalent transformation for reflectance factor data. Remote Sens.Environ.37, 35-46.

ID: 61846
Title: Classification mapping and species identification of salt marshes based on short-time interval NDVI time-series from HJ-1 optical imagery.
Author: Chao Sun, Yongxue Liu, Saishuai Zhao, Minxi Zhou, Yuhao Yang.
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. Vol. 45 (A) 27-41 (2016).
Subject: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation
Keywords: Salt marshes, Time-series, C5.0 decision tree, HJ-1 satellite, Spartina alterniflora, Phenology.
Abstract: Salt marshes are seen as the most dynamic and valuable ecosystems in coastal zones, and in these areas, it is crucial to obtain accurate remote sensing information on the spatial distributions of species over time. However, discriminating various types of salt marsh is rather difficult because of their strong spectral similarities. Previous salt marsh mapping studies have focused mainly on high spatial and spectral (i.e., hyperspectral) resolution images combined with auxiliary information; however the results are often limited to small regions. With a high temporal and moderate spatial resolution, the Chinese Huanjing 1 (HJ-1) satellite optical imagery can be used not only to monitor phonological changes of salt marsh vegetation over short-time intervals, but also obtain coverage of large areas. Here, we apply HJ-1 satellite imagery to the middle coast of Jiangsu in east China to monitor changes in saltmarsh vegetation cover. First, we constructed a monthly NDVI time-series to classify various types of salt marsh and then we tested the possibility of using compressed time-series continuously, to broaden the applicability of this particular approach. Our principal findings are as followsL1) the overall accuracy of salt marsh mapping based on the monthly NDVI time-series was 90.3 %, which was ~16.0 % higher than the single-phase classification strategy; (2)a compressed time-series, including NDVI from six key months (April, June-September, and November), demonstrated very little reduction (2.3 %) in overall accuracy but led to obvious improvements in unstable regions; and (3) a simple rule for Spartina alterniflora identification was established using a scene solely from November, which may provide an effective way for regularly monitoring its distribution.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Artigas, F.J., Yang, J.S., 2006.Spectral discrimination of marsh vegetation types in the New Jersey Meadowlands, USA.Wetlands 26, 271-277. Belluco, E., Camuffo, M., Ferrari, S., Modenese, L., Silvestri, S., Marani, A., Marani, M., 2006.Mapping salt-marsh vegetation by multispectral and hyperspectral remote sensing. Remote Sens.Environ.105, 54-67.
Literature cited 2: Bertness, M.D., Ewanchuk, P.J., Silliman, B.R., 2002.Anthropogenic modification of New England salt marsh landscapes.Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.U.S.A.99, 1395-1398.

ID: 61845
Title: Looking back and looking forwards: Historical and future trends in sea surface temperature (SST) in the Indo-Pacific region from 1982 to 2100.
Author: Idham Khalil, Peter M.Atkinson, Peter Challenor.
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. Vol. 45 (A) 14-26 (2016).
Subject: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation
Keywords: SST, Space-time, Coral Triangle, South China Sea.
Abstract: The ocean warming trend is a well-known global phenomenon. As early AS 2001, and then reiterated in 2007, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported that the global average sea surface temperature (SST) will increase by about 0.2? C per decade. To date, however, only a limited number of studies have been published reporting the spatio-temporal trends in SST in the Indo-Pacific region, one the richest marine ecosystems on Earth. In this research, the monthly 1? spatial resolution NOAA Optimum interpolation (OI) sea surface temperature (SST) V2 dataset (OISSTv2) derived from measurements made by the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) and in situ measurements, were used to examine the spatio-temporal trends in SST in the region. The multi-model mean SST from the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP2.6) mitigation scenario of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) was also used to forecast future SST from 2020 to 2100, decadally. Three variables from the OISSTv2, namely maximum (MaxSST), mean (MeanSST) and minimum (MinSST) monthly mean SST, were regressed against time measured in months from 1982 to 2010 using linear regression. Results revealed warming trends detected for all three SST variables. In the Coral Triangle a warming trend with a rate of 0.013? C year-1, 0.017?C year-1,and 0.019?C year-1 was detected over 29 years for MaxSST, MeanSST and MinSST, respectively. In the SCS, the warming rate was 0.011?C year-1, (MaxSST), 0.012?C year-1 (MeanSST) and 0.015?C year-1 (MinSST) over 29 years. The CMIP5 RCP2.6 forecast suggested a future warming rate to 2100 of 0.004? C year-1 for both areas, and for all three SST variables. The warming trends reported in this study provide useful insights for improved marine-related management.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Alien, M.R., Mutlow, C.T., Blumberg, G.M.C., Christy, J.R., Mcnider, R.T., Llewellyn-Jones, D.T., 1994.Global change detection. Nature 370, 24. Bruno, J.F., Selig, E.R., 2007.Regional decline of coral cover in the Indo-Pacific: timing, extent, and subregional comparisons.PLoS One 2, e 711.
Literature cited 2: Burke, L., Reytar, K., Spalding, M., Perry, A., 2012.Reefs at Risk Revisited in the Coral Triangle. World Resource Institute, Washington D.C., USA. Carpenter, K.E., Arbar, M.,Aeby, G.,Aronson, R.B., Banks, S.,Bruckner, A., Chiriboga, A., Cortes, J., Dewlbeek, J.C., Devantier, L.,Edgar, G.J., Edwards, A.J., Fenner, D., Guzman, H.M.,Hoeksema, B.W.,Hodgson, G.,Johan,O., Licuanan, W.Y.,Livingstone, S.R, Lovell, E.R.,Moore, J.A., Obura, D.O., Ochavillo, D., Polidoro, B.A., Precht, W.F., Quibilan, M.C., Reboton, C., Richards, Z.T., Rogers, A.D.,Sanciangco, J., Sheppard, A., Sheppard, C.,smith, J., Stuart, S.,Turak, E., Veron, J.E., Wallace, C., Weil.E.,Wood, E., 2008.One-third of reef-building corals face elevated extinction risk from climate change and local impacts. Science 321, 560-563.

ID: 61844
Title: The backscattering characteristics of wetland vegetation and water-level changes detection using multi-mode SAR: A case study
Author: Meimei Zhang, Zhen Li, Bangsen Tian, Jianmin Zhou, Panpan Tang.
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. Vol. 45 (A) 1-13 (2016).
Subject: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation
Keywords: Multi-mode, Backscattering mechanism, Interferometric characteristics, Water-level changes, The Liaohe River Delta.
Abstract: A full understanding of the backscattering characteristics of wetlands is necessary for the analysis of the hydrological conditions. In this study, a temporal set of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery, acquired at different frequencies, polarizations and incidence angles over the coastal wetlands of the Liaohe River Delta, China, were used to characterize seasonal variations in radar backscattering coefficient for reed marshes and rice fields. The combination of SAR backscattering intensity and an optical-based normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) for long time series can provide additional insight into vegetation structural and its hydrological states. After identifying the factors that induce the backscattering and scattering mechanism changes, detailed analysis of L-band ALOS PALSAR interferometric SAR (InSAR) imagery was conducted to study water-level changes under different environmental conditions. In addition, ENVISAT altimetry was used to validate the accuracy of the water-level changes estimated using the InSAR technique-this is an effective tool instead of sparsely distributed gauge stations for the validation. Our study demonstrates that L-band SAR data with horizontal polarization is particularly suitable for the extraction of water-level changes in the study area; however, vertically-polarized C-band data may also be useful where the density of herbaceous vegetation is low at the initial stage. It is also shown that integrated analysis of the backscattering mechanism and interferometric characteristics using multi-mode SAR can considerably enhance the reliability of water-level retrieval scheme and better capture the spatial distribution of hydrological patterns.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Alsdorf, D.E., Smith, L.C., Melack, J.M., 2001.Amazon floodplain water level changes measured with interferometric SIR-C radar.Geosci.Remote Sens.IEEE Trans.39, 423-431. Bourgeau-Chavez, L.L, Smith, K.B., Brunzell, S.M., Kasischke, E.S., Romanowicz, E.A., Richardson, C.J., 2005.Remote monitoring of regional inundation patterns and hydroperiod in the greater everglades using synthetic aperture radar. Wetlands 25, 176-191.
Literature cited 2: Cai, X., Ji, W., 2009.Wetland hydrologic application of satellite altimetry-a case study in the Pyong Lake watershed.Prog.Nat.Sci.19, 1781-1787. Coe, M.T., 1998.Alinked global of terrestrial hydrologic processes: simulation of modern rivers, lakes, and wetlands.J.Geophys.Res.Atmos. (1984-2012) 103, 8885-8899.

ID: 61843
Title: Facilitating the production of ISO-compliant metadata of geospatial datasets.
Author: Gregory Giuliani, Yaniss Guigoz, Pierre Lacroix, Nicolas Ray, Anthony Lehmann
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. Vol. 44 239-243 (2016).
Subject: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation
Keywords: ISO 19115, CSW, Metadata production, Harvesting, Data discovery, Spatial data infrastructure.
Abstract: Metadata are recognized as an essential element to enable efficient and effective discovery of geospatial data published in spatial data infrastructures (SDI).However, metadata production is still perceived as a complex, tedious and time-consuming task. This typically results in little metadata production and can seriously hinder the objective of facilitating data discovery. In response to this issue, this paper presents a proof of concept based on an interoperable work-flow between a data publication server and a metadata catalog to automatically generate ISO-complaint metadata. The proposed approach facilitates metadata creation by embedding this task in daily data management workflows; ensures that data and metadata are permanently up-to-date; significantly reduces the obstacles of metadata production; and potentially facilitates contributions to initiatives like the Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS) by making geospatial resources discoverable.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Batcheller, J.K., 2008.Automating geospatial metadata generation-an integrated data management and documentation approach.Comput.Geosci. 34 (4), 387-398. Batcheller, J.K., Gittings, B.M., Dunfey, R.I., 2009.A method for automating geospatial dataset metadata.Fut.Internet 1 (1), 28-46.
Literature cited 2: Craglia, M., de Bie, K., Jackson, D., Pesaresi, M., Remetey-Fulopp, G., Wang, C., Annoni, A., Bian, L., Campbell, F., Ehlers, M., van Genderen, J., Goodchild,M., Guo,H., Lewis,A., Simpson, R., Skidmore,A., Woodgate,P., 2012.Digital Earth 2020: towards the vision for the next decade.Int.J.Digit.Earth 5 (1), 4-21. Diaz, L., Granell, C., Gould, M., Huerta, J., 2011.Managing user-generated information in geospatial cyberinfrastructures.Fut.Gener.Comput.Syst.27 (3), 304-314.

ID: 61842
Title: The effect of imposing ' fractional abundance constraint ' onto the multilayer perceptron for sub-pixel land cover classification.
Author: Stien Heremans, Johan A.K.Suykens, Jos Van Orshoven
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. Vol. 44 226-238 (2016).
Subject: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation
Keywords: Fractional abundance constraints, Softmax, Multilayer perceptron, Sub-pixel land cover.
Abstract: To be physically interpretable, sub-pixel land cover fractions or abundances should fulfill two constraints, the Abundance Non-negatively Constraint (ANC) and the Abundance Sum-to-one Constraint (ASC).This paper focuses on the effect of imposing these constraints onto the MultiLayer Perceptron (MLP) for a multi-class sub-pixel land cover classification of a time series of low resolution MODIS-images covering the northern part of Belgium. Two constraining modes were compared; (i) an in-training approach that linearly rescales the outputs of the unconstrained MLP. Our results demonstrate that the pixel-level prediction accuracy is markedly increased by the explicit enforcement, both in-training and post-training, of the ANC and the ASC. For aggregations of pixels (municipalities), the constrained perceptrons perform at least as well as their unconstrained counterparts. Although the difference in performance between the in-training and post-training approach is small, we recommend the former for integrating the fractional abundance constraints into MLPs meant for sub-pixel land cover estimation, regardless of the targeted level of spatial aggregation.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Atkinson, P.M., Tatnall, A.R.L., 1997.Introduction Neural networks in remote sensing. International Journal of Remote Sensing 18, 699-709. Atzberger, C., 2013. Advances in remote sensing of agriculture: context description: existing operational monitoring systems and major information needs. Remote Sens.5, 949-981.
Literature cited 2: Buttner, G., Maucha, G., Kosztra, B., 2011. European Validation of Land Cover Changes in CLC2006 Project.In: Halounova, L (Ed). 31st EARSel Symposium ' Remote Sensing and Geoinformation Not Only for Scientific Cooperation ' .

ID: 61841
Title: Region-based urban road extraction from VHR satellite images using Binary Partition Tree.
Author: Mengmeng Li, Alfred Stein, Wietske Bijker, Qingming Zhan.
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. Vol. 44 217-225 (2016).
Subject: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation
Keywords: Binary Partition Tree, Fuzzy aggregation, Morphological profiles, Road extraction, Very high resolution images.
Abstract: This paper provides a hierarchical method for urban road extraction. It consists of (1) obtaining the road region of interest from a VHR image (2) hierarchically representing this road region of interest in a Binary Partition Tree (BPT), and extracting the roads based on this BPT at hierarchical levels. Besides using two existing geometrical features (i.e. compactness and elongation), we define two other structural features based on orientation histograms and morphological profiles to guide the region merging of BPT. The morphological profiles are constructed using a series of path openings, which facilitate modeling linear or curved structures. The proposed method was applied to two types of VHR images with different urban settings, corresponding to a Pleiades-B image of Wuhan, China and a Quickbird image of Enschede, the Netherlands. Experimental results show that the proposed method was able to group adjacent small segments that have high spectral heterogeneity and low road-like geometrical properties to form more meaningful roads sections, and performed superior to the existing methods. Furthermore, we compared the proposed method with two other existing methods in the literature. We conclude that the proposed method can provide an effective means for extracting roads over densely populated urban areas from VHR satellite images.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Adeline, K., Chen, M., Briotter, X., Pang, S., Paparoditis, N., 2013.Shadow detection in very high spatial resolution aerial images: a comparative study. ISPRS J. Photogramm. Remote Sens. 80, 21-38. Bajcsy, R., Tavakoli, M., 1976.Computer recognition of roads from satellite pictures. IEEE Trans.Syst.Man Cybern.SMC-6 (9), 623-637.
Literature cited 2: Baltsavias, E., 2004.Object extraction and revision by image analysis using existing geodata and knowledge: current status and steps towards operational systems. ISPRS J.Photogramm.Remote Sens.58 (3-4), 129-151. Benz, U.C., Hofmann, P., Willhauck, G., Lingenfelder, I., Heynen, M., 2004.Multiresolution, object-oriented fuzzy analysis of remote Sensing data for GIS-ready information.ISPRS J.Photogramm.RTemote Sens.58 (3-4), 239-258.

ID: 61840
Title: A computational framework for generalized moving windows and its application to landscape pattern analysis.
Author: Alex Hagen-Zanker
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. Vol. 44 205-216 (2016).
Subject: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation
Keywords: Moving window, Gradient model, Landscape metric, Multi-scale.
Abstract: Land cover products based on remotely sensed data are commonly investigated in terms of landscape composition and configuration; i.e. Landscape pattern. Traditional landscape pattern indicators summarize an aspect of landscape pattern over the full study area. Increasingly, the advantages of representing the scale-specific spatial variation of landscape patterns as continuous surfaces are being recognized. However, technical and computational barriers hinder the uptake of this approach. This article reduces such barriers by introducing a computational framework for moving window analysis that separates the tasks of tallying pixels, patches and edges as a window moves over the map from the internal logic of landscape indicators. The framework is applied on data covering the UK and Ireland at 250 m resolution, evaluating a variety of indicators including mean patch size, edge density and Shannon diversity at window sizes ranging from 2.5 km to 80 km. The required computation time is in the order of seconds to minutes on a regular personal computer .The framework supports rapid development of indicators requiring little coding. The computational efficiency means that methods can be integrated in iterative computational tasks such as multi-scale analysis, optimization, sensitivity analysis and simulation modeling.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Abrahams, D., Gurtovoy, A.2005.C++ Template Metaprogramming: Concepts, Tools, and Techniques from Boost and Beyond.Addison-Wesley, Boston. Baker, W.L., Cai, Y., 1992.The r.le programs for multiscale analysis of landscape structure using the GRASS geographical information system.Landsc.Ecol.7 (4), 291-302.
Literature cited 2: Bogaert, J., Rousseau, R., Van Hecke, P., Impens, I.2000.Alernative area-perimeter ratios for measurement of 2D shape compactness of habitats.Appl.Math.Comput.111 (1) 71-85. Buttner, G., 2014.CORINE Land and Land Cove Change Produycts.In: Manakos, I.Braun, M. (Eds). Land Use and Land Cover Mapping in Europe. Springer, Netherlands, pp. 55-74.

ID: 61839
Title: A combined remote sensing and multi-tracer approach for localizing and assessing groundwater-lake interactions.
Author: Jean Wilson, Carlos Rocha
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. Vol. 44 195-204 (2016).
Subject: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation
Keywords: Groundwater discharge, Lakes, Landsat ETM+ TIR, Temperature, Geochemical tracing, Radon.
Abstract: The combination of thermal imagery and geochemical tracing has been demonstrated as an affordable and effective technique to identify potential groundwater discharge sites in coastal areas on a regional scale. In this paper, a combined multi-tracer approach is evaluated in its applicability to lakes and verified as an appropriate and powerful means to localize and assess groundwater-lake interactions, demonstrated through a case study of Lough Mask in the west of Ireland. Surface water temperature patterns generated from Landsat 7 Thermal Infrared (TIR) images were used to locate groundwater inputs captured as anomalous cold plumes visibly emanating from shallow lake margins during summer months.Radon-222 was used to confirm the presence of groundwater and to detect localized seepage points or groundwater ?hotspots?. Conductivity was used as a secondary tracer in support of radon to identify areas of active groundwater in flow. Radon results show that groundwater enters the lake through carboniferous limestone adjacent to the north and east of the lake and no groundwater inflows were observed from the west characterized by Ordivician sandstones and mixed volcanic. The observed strong anti-correlation between mapped radon and satellite derived temperature values implies that decreases in surface water temperatures are associated with increases in radon activity and hence groundwater inputs to the lake. Moreover the spatial pattern of mapped temperature anomaly displays a positive correlation to the mapped radon and conductivity anomalies which further suggests that the tracers are inextricably linked and support a common groundwater source. The study demonstrates the suitability of a multitracer approach as a comprehensive and cost-effective preliminary screening tool for groundwater-lake interactions with the potential for application elsewhere. This information is important and can be used in support of national water policy and legislation by helping to identify for example, lakes at risk of failure to comply with Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC) water quality objectives particularly where mapped inputs are linked to groundwater bodies classified as less than good status as per the requirements of the Groundwater Directive (2006/118/EC).Evaluating the potential occurrence and understanding where groundwater discharge occurs is the first step towards more in-depth geochemical surveys that seek to clarify the role played by groundwater in lacustrine biogeochemical budgets.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Anderson, M.P., 2005.Heat as a groundwater tracer. Groundwater 43 (6), 951-968. Becker, M.W., 2005.Potential for satellite remote sensing of groundwater. Groundwater 44 (2), 306-318.
Literature cited 2: Barsi,J.A., Schott,J.R., Palluconi, F.D., Helder, D.L., Hook, S.J.,Markhan,B.L., 2003.Landsat TM and ETM+ thermal band calibration.Can.J.Remote Sens.29, 141-153. Burnett, W.C., Peterson, R., Moore, W.S., de Oliveira, J., 2008.Radon and radium isotopes as tracers of submarine groundwater discharge -results from the Ubatuba, Brazil SGD assessment intercomparison.Estuar, Coast. Shelf Sci.76, 501-511.

ID: 61838
Title: Effect of topographic correction on forest change detection using spectral trend analysis of Landsat pixel-based composites.
Author: Curtis M.Chance, Txomin Hermosilla, Nicholas C Coops, Michael A. Wulder, Joanne C. White.
Editor: F.D.van der Meer
Year: 2016
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation. Vol. 44 186-194 (2016).
Subject: Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation
Keywords: Change detection, Landsat, Image composting, Topographic correction.
Abstract: Pixel-based image composting enables production of large-area surface reflectance images that are largely devoid of clouds, cloud shadows, or haze. Change detection with spectral trend analysis uses a dense time series of images, such as pixel-based composites, to quantify the year, amount, and a magnitude of landscape changes. Topographically-related shadows found in mountainous terrain may confound trend-based forest change detection approaches. In this study, we evaluate the impact of topographic correction on trend-based forest change detection outcomes by comparing the amount and location of changes identified on an image composite with and without a topographic correction. Moreover, we evaluated two different approaches to topographic correction that are relevant to pixel-based image composites: the first corrects each pixel according t the day of year (DOY) the pixel was acquired, whilst the second corrects all pixels to a single reference data (August 1st), which was also the target date for generating the pixel-based image composite. Our results indicate that a greater area of change is detected when no topographic correction is applied to the image composite, however, the difference in change area detected between no correction and either the DOY or the August 1st correction is minor and less than 1 % (0.54-0.85 %).The spatial correspondence of these different approaches is 96.2 % for the DOY correction and 97 .7% for the August 1st correction. The largest differences between the correction processes occur in valleys (0.71-1.14 %),upper slopes (0.71-1.09 %), and ridges (0.73-1.09 %).While additional tests under different conditions and in other environments are encouraged, our results indicate that topographic correction may not be justified in change detection routines computing spectral trends from pixel-based composites.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Banskota, A., Kayastha, N., Falkowski, M.J., Wulder, M.A., Froese, R.E., White, J.C., 2014.Forest monitoring using and sat time series data: a review.Can.J.Remote Sens.40, 362-384, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0038992.2014.987376. Fan, Y., Koukal, T., Weisberg, P.J., 2014.A sun-crown sensor model and adapted C-correction logic for topographic correction of high resolution forest imagery.ISPRS J.Photogramm.Remote Sens.96, 94-105, http:dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2014.07.005.
Literature cited 2: Frazier, R.J., Coops, N.C., Wulder a, M., Kennedy, R., 2014.Characterization of aboveground biomass in an unmanaged boreal forest using Landsat temporal segmentation metrics. ISPRS J.Photogramm. Remote Sens.92, 137-146, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2014.03.003 Griffiths, P., Kuemmerle, T., Baumann, M., Radeloff, V.C., Abrudan, I.V., Lieskovsky, J., Munteanu, C., Ostapowicz,K.,Hostert, P., 2013a.Forest disturbances, forest recovery, and changes in forest types across the Carpathian ecoregion from 1985 to 2010 based on Landsat image composites. Remote Sens.Environ., http:dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2011.11.006.