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ID: 62062
Title: Temporal stability analysis of resin yield of natural regenerated Chir pine (Pinus roxburghii Sargent) in Himachal Pradesh.
Author: Bharti, R.K.Gupta, P.K.Mahajan and K.R.Sharma
Editor: Kunal Satyarthi
Year: 2016
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 142 (4) 374-378 (2016)
Subject: The Indian Forester.
Keywords: Chir pine, Finlay and Wilkinson ' s stability model, Eberhart and Russel ' s stability model.
Abstract: The present investigation entitled ' Temporal Stability analysis yield of natural regenerated Chir pine (pinus roxburghii Sargent) in Himachal Pradesh. was carried out during the year 2012-13 with the aim to identify the stable diameter classes with respect to resin yield obtained from Pinus roxburghii. Secondary data on resin yield for 145 trees for seven years w.e.f.year 2005 to year 2011 were taken from the Department of Forest products, Dr.Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, Himachal Pradesh. The tree set of 145 trees remain same for all the years. These trees were divided into seven diameter classes i.e. 30-35 cm, 35-40 cm, 40-45 cm, 45-50 cm, 50-55 cm, 55-60 cm and 60-65 cm depending upon the variability among data. Two stability models viz. Finlay and Wilkinson ' s model (1963) and Eberhart and Russell ' s model (1996) were used to identify the stable diameter class for the production of resin. Pooled analysis of variance was performed to detect the presence of diameter class (D) x year (y) interaction. The effects due to Y, D and D X Y interaction were found to be significant. Finlay and Wilkinson ' s model suggested that the diameter class 40-45 had the mean (D) greater than the overall mean regression coefficient bi was nearly equal to one. Eberhart and Russel ' s model indicated that the diameter class 40-45 cm had (0.35) which was greater than zero, regression coefficient bi (0.872) which was nearly equal to one an low (s2di).Thus, diameter class 40-45 cm was identified as stable diameter class with respect to resin yield obtained from Pinus roxburghii. Therefore, it may be concluded that diameter class 40-45 cm was most stable for resin yield.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Eberhart S.A. and Russell W.L. (1966).Stability parameters for comparing varieties. Crop Science, 6 (1): 36-40. Finlay K.W. and Wilkinson G.N. (1963).Analysis of adoption in a plant-breeding programme.Aust.J.Agric.Res., 14: 742-54.
Literature cited 2: Joshi H.B. (1972).Lowering of minimum diameter for resin tapping in chir (Pinus roxburghii).Indian Forester 98 (1): 441-448. Noh E., Koo Y.and Lee S. (1997).Selection of Populus davidiana dode clones using stability analysis. Research Report of the Forest Genetics Research Institute Suwon, 33 (1): 1-13.

ID: 62061
Title: Vegetative propagation of Maggar Bans (Dendrocalamus Hamiltonii Munro): Effects of planting time, spacing and phosphorus application on macro-proliferation behaviour under open Nursery Bed.
Author: Suveena Thakur, D.R.Bhardwaj, and R.Kaushal.
Editor: Kunal Satyarthi
Year: 2016
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 142 (4) 367-373 (2016)
Subject: The Indian Forester.
Keywords: Biomass production, Development-Growth, P-uptake, Rhizome, Genesis.
Abstract: Dendrocalamus hamiltonii Munro was evaluated for the effect of month of planting, spacing and phosphorus application on survival, growth, rhizome-genesis, biomass partitioning and P-uptake in macro-proliferated stock. April planted propagules significantly excelled over July ones for all of these traits. Two to three times more dry biomass of stem, roots, rhizome an underground biomass per sapling (g) production was recorded in April planted propagules as compared to propagules planted in July. P-uptake was also higher in April planted propagules than July ones. Spacing of 30 cm x 30 cm and 15 cm x 15 cm spacing. Phosphorus application @ 5 g SSP per propagule resulted in maximum growth, development, rhizome-genesis, dry weight of stem and underground biomass. Higher dose i.e. 10 and 15 g SSP per propagule showed slight depressing effect.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Banik R.L. (2000).Silviculture and field guide to priority bamboos of Bangladesh and South Asia.BFRI, Chittagong.187p. Banik R.L. (2008).Issues in production of bamboo planting materials-lessons and strategies. Indian Forester, 134 (3): 291-304.
Literature cited 2: Barham R.O. (1984).Effects of seedbed density on nursery grow cherry bark Oak, Tree planter ' s Notes.31 (4): 7-9. Biswas S.A.S. (1988).Studies on Bamboo distribution in N.E. region of India Forester, 114 (9):514-531.pp

ID: 62060
Title: Quality evaluation of Toona Ciliata M.Roem seeds.
Author: Thounaojam Bidya Chanu and Manisha Thapliyal.
Editor: Kunal Satyarthi
Year: 2016
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 142 (4) 364-366 (2016)
Subject: The Indian Forester.
Keywords: Toona ciliata, Purity percentage, Viability, Germination percentage
Abstract: The present study was conducted at Forest Tree Seed Laboratory, Silviculture Division, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun (Uttarakhand) during 2013 on the seeds of Toona ciliata (Cedrela toona) known as Toon, Red Cedar, Moulmein Cedar. The data were recorded for purity (%), seed weight (g), moisture content of the seed (%), seed viability, seed vigour, germination (%), root-shoot lengths (cm) for quality evaluation of the seeds of Toona ciliata. The seeds of Toona ciliata was found to have very high physical purity percentage i.e 93.28 % .The average moisture content of the seeds was found to be 18.65% and weight of 1000 seeds was found to be 2.1g.Due to low viability period, it is recommended to sow the seeds soon after collection. The seeds germinated was maximum in ambient temperature (55%) followed by 25?C and 30?C.The mean root length of the seedlings was approximately same in room temperature condition an 25?C temperature condition (0.6 cm) followed by 30?C temperature (0.4 cm) but the mean shoot length of the seedlings was maximum at 25?C followed by 30?C and ambient temperature.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Andres Pilar, Salgado Cloribel and Espelta Josep M. (2011).Optimizing nursery and plantation methods to grow Cedrela odorata seedlings in tropical dry agroecosyatems. Agroforestry System: 225-234. Baldwin H.I. (1989).Forest Tree Seed. Delhi: Periodical Experts Book Agency: 146, 152-154, 189.
Literature cited 2: Bedell P.E. (1998).Seed Science and Technology (Indian Forestry Species).New Delhi: Allied Publishers Limited: 1-4, 144, 210-219. Chacko,K.C.,Pandalai R.C.,Seethalakshmi K.K.,Mohanan C.,Mathew G. and Sasidharan N. (2002).Manual of Seeds of Forest Trees, Bamboos and Rattans. Kerala: Kerala Forest Research Institute: 20-26, 242-243.

ID: 62059
Title: Quantifying the Extent of unsustainable harvest of fuelwood, Fodder and Non-Timber Forest Produce: Major Driver of Forest Degradation in the dry deciduous forest of Renukoot, Uttar Pradesh.
Author: P.Kohli and J.V.Sharma
Editor: Kunal Satyarthi
Year: 2016
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 142 (4) 355-363 (2016)
Subject: The Indian Forester.
Keywords: Drivers of forest degradation, Unsustainable harvest, Sustainable management of forest, Sustainable limit, Forest biomass.
Abstract: Forest degradation is a challenging issue worldwide, particularly in a country like India where forests are the major source of livelihood for millions of rural poor. But, over the years, forests are gradually degrading due to unsustainable harvest of fuel wood, fodder and Non-timber forest produce. The research study, aims to identify the major drivers of forest degradation in the dry deciduous forest of Gardarwa village forest of Renukoot forest division. Further, the study quantifies the extent of unsustainable harvest of fuelwood, fodder, and other Non-timber forest produce in the study region and suggests ways to substitute them. Techniques such as coppice, pollarding, pruning, root suckers and trenching for sustainable harvest for produce are also recommended in the study to overcome the unsustainable extraction of Non-timber forest produce. The research study further estimates the potential forest biomass projection owing to the substitution of unsustainable harvest with alternative sources of livelihood and with adoption of sustainable techniques for the collection of other Non-timber forest produce in the Gardarwa village forest of Renukoot forest division in Sonbhadra district of Uttar Pradesh.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Aggarwal A., Paul V.and Das S. (2009a).Forest resources: livelihoods, degradation and climate change in Green India 2047 renewed: looking back to change track, the Energy and Resources Institute, New Delhi, pp 91-108. Banerjee A.and Madhurima C. (2013).Forest degradation and livelihood of local communities in India: A human rights approach. Journal of Horticulture and Forestry, 5 (8):122-129.
Literature cited 2: Davidar P.Sahoo S., Mammen P.C., Acharya P., Puyravaud J.P., Arjuna M., Garrigues J.P.and Roessingh K. (2010).Assessing the Extent and Causes of Forest Degradation in India: Where do we stand? Biological Conservation, 43 (12): 2937-2944. GOFC-GOLD (2009).Reducing greenhouse gas emissions from deforestation and degradatio0n in developing countries: a sourcebook of methods and procedures for monitoring, measuring and reporting. GOFC-GOLD Report version COP14-2, GOFC-GOLD Project Office, Natural Resources Canada, Alberta, Canada.

ID: 62058
Title: TMIS: A decision support system for monitoring and forecasting prices of Timber Logs.
Author: M.Sivaram, S.Sandeep, S.Jinesh, K.S.Sujith and G.Rini
Editor: Kunal Satyarthi
Year: 2016
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 142 (4) 346-354 (2016)
Subject: The Indian Forester.
Keywords: Timber market intelligence, Timber price index, Timber depots.
Abstract: The timber market in developing countries is unorganized and there is no proper system available to track the timber market trends. The aim of the study was to develop a computer based decision support system to monitor the timber prices. This system is called as Timber Market Intelligence System (TMIS).In order to monitor the prices of various timber species, timber price indices were constructed using three approaches viz., Laspeyre ' s Pasche ' s and Fisher ' s Price Index and implemented in TMIS. The price forecast models were also incorporated. The TMIS was demonstrated using the timber price data of Timber Sales Depots of Kerala Forests and Wildlife Department for the period 2005 to 2009.The results indicated that one of the three price index approaches is sufficient to track the teak prices. A simple aggregate price index was found useful in the case of other species Artocarpus hirsutus, Grewia tiliifolia, Xylia slocarpa, Terminellia paniculata, Terminelia bellirica, Terminelia tomentosa and Lagerstroemia microcarpa. The maximum growth in teak prices was observed during the period 2006 to 2007 and only a marginal increase was observed from the year 2008 onwards. The annual growth rate in the prices of teak was lower as compared to other timber species.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Box C.M. and Genkins G.M. (1994).Time series Analysis Forecasting and Control. Pearson Education Inc. Croxton F.E.Cowdon D.J.and Klein S.(1973).Applied General Statistics. Prentice Hall of India Private Limited.
Literature cited 2: Ferretti F., Dibari C., Meo I.D, Cantiani P. and Bianchi M. (2011).A data-driven decision support system for forest planning. Mathematical and Computational Forestry & Natural-Resource Sciences, 3 (1): 27-35. Fordaq (2013).Fordaq Timber Index.http://timber.fordaq.com/fordaq/Wood-Price-Index.html.Accessed 0n 21st July 2013.

ID: 62057
Title: Profitability analysis of Areca Nut Orchard in Meghalaya
Author: D.Remdor, Ram Singh, S.M.Feroze, R.J.Singh and Monika Aheibam
Editor: Kunal Satyarthi
Year: 2016
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 142 (4) 339-345 (2016)
Subject: The Indian Forester.
Keywords: Profitability, Analysis, Areca nut, Costs, Returns and Meghalaya.
Abstract: Areca nut is a major plantation crop in the state of Meghalaya. Areca nut assumes religious, cultural and economic significance in the ethnic community of the state. The study was conducted in four villages of two blocks of East Khasi Hills district of Meghalaya by taking two villages from each selected block. Total samples of 60 numbers of areca nut growers comprising of small (40 numbers), medium (17 numbers) and large (3 numbers) category were selected for the study. Economic analysis revealed that areca nut cultivation is economically feasible and viable in the study area. The B-C ratio was estimated at 1.34 for small, 1.32 for medium and 1.35 for the large category with an average ratio of 1.33.The areca nut cultivation in the state are being done traditionally, hence to make areca nut cultivation commercial the scientific package of practices in local dialect should be made available to the growers.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: GoM (2010).Directorate of Economics and Statistics. Statistical Abstract, 2009, Government of Meghalaya. GoM (2011).Directorate of Horticulture. Report on area, production and productivity of horticulture crops 2010-11, Government of Meghalaya.
Literature cited 2: NHB (2010).Indian Horticulture Database.NHB Ministry of Agriculture. Government of India.

ID: 62056
Title: Socio-Economic Profile of Lac Growers in Bastar District of Chhattisgarh State
Author: Rohit Dwivedi, K.K.Shrivastava and Govind Pal.
Editor: Kunal Satyarthi
Year: 2016
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 142 (4) 336-338 (2016)
Subject: The Indian Forester.
Keywords: Chhattisgarh, Bastar district, Lac growers, Socio-economic profile.
Abstract: The studies were conducted in the year 2012-2013 in Bastar district of Chhattisgarh state. The analysis of data showed that majority of the respondents (68.75 %) were involved in lac production + agriculture + labour work. The annual income of lac growers was found that majority (60.00 %) have belonged to Rs 20, 000 to 40, 000 per year. The land holding of lac growers was observed that 51.88 percent had marginal size of land holding. The credit facilities was found that 88.75 per cent of the respondents had taken credit from forest department, followed by 5.00 percent of the respondents had taken credit from friends, whereas 3.13 per cent of the respondents had taken credit from neighbours and 3.12 per cent respondents have taken credit from relatives respectively. The result of the study will be helpful in preparation of plans for improving the socio-economic status of lac growers of Bastar district of Chhattisgarh state.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Anon., (2010).www.cgmpfed.org, accessed on 12th march, 2015. Anon., (2011).www.worldbank.org, accessed on 12th march, 2015.
Literature cited 2: Mohammad S. (2012).An economic analysis of production and marketing of lac in Korba district of Chhattisgarh. State. Unpublished M.Sc.(Ag.) Thesis, I.G.K.V., Raipur (C.G). Pal G. (2012).Socio economic characteristics and marketing behavior of lac growers in Raigarh district of Chhattisgarh.J.of Non-timber Forest Products, 19 (3): 229-234.

ID: 62055
Title: Diversity of vegetation in the tail of Eastern Ghats. Tiruchirappalli Forest division, Tamil Nadu, India.
Author: A.Kumaraguru, T.Brinda and N.Satheesh
Editor: Kunal Satyarthi
Year: 2016
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 142 (4) 324-335 (2016)
Subject: The Indian Forester.
Keywords: Diversity, Plants, Eastern Ghats Landscape, Conservation, Tiruchirapalli, Tamil Nadu.
Abstract: Plants as the integrated of an ecosystem and forms the basis of food either directly or indirectly to the fauna of the ecosystem. The diversity of plants actually reflects the carrying capacity of the ecosystem. Hence, we have analysed the vegetation in terms of floral diversity of Tiruchirappalli forest division with a pioneer attempt to create baseline data on the diversity of plants. This paper comprehensively describes the diversity of floral wealth in Tiruchirapalli forest division. A total of 417 species comprising of 89 families have been recorded in our study during July to December 2013 in Tiruchirapalli forest division comprising the four ranges inclusive of Manapparai, Thuvarankuruchi, Thuraiyur and Tiruchirappalli. The predominant families being Euphorbiaceae, Poaceae, Cesalpiniodeae and Mimosaceae and nearly 38 families each comprising of only one species distribution in the forest range. This distribution forms the baseline data on vegetation of the tail end region of h Eastern Ghats, which makes it more significant for further study on this landscape.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Champion S.G. and Seth S.K. (1968).A revised survey of forest types of India, Delhi Government of India Press. Dinerstein E. (1979).An ecological survey of h Royal Karnali-Bardia Wildlife Reserve, Nepal. Part II: Habitat/Animal interaction. Biological Conservation, 16:265-300.
Literature cited 2: Dittus P.J.W. (1977).The ecological of a semi evergreen forest community in Srilanka, Biotropica, 9 (4): 268-286. Hubbell S.P. and Foster R.B. (1986).Conservation Biology: The Science of scarcity and diversity, Soule, M.E. (ed.), Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, Massachusetts, -205.

ID: 62054
Title: Observations on the Flora of Dampa Tiger Reserve in Bio-resource and park management perspectives.
Author: K.Haridasan, N.S.Bisht, Martin Paul and Geetha Suresh
Editor: Kunal Satyarthi
Year: 2016
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 142 (4) 317-323 (2016)
Subject: The Indian Forester.
Keywords: Conservation, Edible Plants, Flora, Park Management, Threatened plants
Abstract: Dampa Tiger Reserve (DTR) in Mizoram is an important biodiversity spot in northeast India with rich vegetation and floristic diversity that are well preserved. A study of the flora here revealed that the DTR not only shelters a good number of threatened plants but also harbours a large pool of important species which are directly beneficial to the fauna. It supports substantial number of species capable of contributing to the livelihood and health security of th surrounding community too. A proper understanding of these species will help in effective implementation of the management plan for this protected area.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Bisht N.S.and Naithani H.B. (2010).Bamboos of Mizoram. Published by Environment and Forest Department, Mizoram, Aizawl.Mizoram.98p.206p. Bisht N.S. (2011).Wood-decaying Fungi of Mizoram. Published by Environment and Forest Department, Mizoram, Aizawl.Mizoram.98p.
Literature cited 2: Fischer C.E.C. (1938).The Flora of Lushai Hills.Rec.Bot.Surv.India.12 (2): 75-161. Lalfazuala R, Lalramghinglova H.and Kayang H. (2007).Ethnobotanical usages of plants in western Mizoram. Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge. 6 (3): 486-493.

ID: 62053
Title: What should be the rotation age and harvest management in Teak
Author: Kaushalendra Kumar Jha
Editor: Kunal Satyarthi
Year: 2016
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 142 (4) 309-316 (2016)
Subject: The Indian Forester.
Keywords: Wood quality, Nutrient harvest, nutrient supplement, Carbon storage, Long rotation, Tectona grandis.
Abstract: This article is the outcome of author ' s view on the subject based on his field experience as a professional forester, his research work on the ecology of teak and reviewed literature on the subject. Although short rotation harvesting has its own value, long rotation is beneficial keeping in view GHG mitigation, paragon timber reputation and high value marketing of teak (Tectona grandis).Biological supplementing of the soil would be a useful management intervention to compensate nutrient drain from the soil due to timber harvest. However, delayed harvesting or longer rotation is recommended for two-pronged benefit-lower loss of nutrients and longer locking of Carbon.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Aditya B., Ghosh A.adn Chattopadhyay D. (2009).Co-inoculation effects of nitrogen fixing and Phosphate solubilising micro-organisms on teak (Tectona grandis) and Indian red wood (Chukresiatubularis).J.Biological Science, 1 (1): 23:32 Akindele S.O. (1989).Teak yields in dry lowland rain forest area of Nigeria.J.Tropical Forest Science, 2 (10): 32-36.
Literature cited 2: Anon. (2011).Teak designs by island edge. Internet document, accessed on 08/06/2014.Common.wayfair.com.au/common/marketing /leblon/product-information.pdf ATIF (Australia Timber Importers Federation).Timber User ' s Guide 1: Timber, Durability and External Applications. Internet document, accessed on 08/06/2014.www.timber.net.au/images/downloads/exterior/timber_under_users_guide_01.pdf.

ID: 62052
Title: None
Author: Dr. T.V. Ramachandra
Editor: Dr. T.V. Ramachandra
Year: 2017
Publisher: Energy &Wetlands Research Group
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: ETR 108
Subject: None
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None

ID: 62051
Title: Foaming of ALgal Blooms in water body
Author: Dr. T.V. Ramachandra
Editor: Dr. T.V. Ramachandra
Year: 2017
Publisher: Energy &Wetlands Research Group
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Foaming of Algal Blooms in Water body
Subject: Foaming of Algal Blooms in Water body
Keywords: None
Abstract: Foaming of Algal Blooms in Water body
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None

ID: 62050
Title: Status of Arekere
Author: Dr. T.V. Ramachandra
Editor: Dr. T.V. Ramachandra
Year: 2017
Publisher: Energy &Wetlands Research Group
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: None
Subject: Status of Arekere
Keywords: None
Abstract: Status of Arekere
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None

ID: 62049
Title: Lake 2016: The 10th Biennial Lake conference
Author: Dr. T.V. Ramachandra
Editor: Dr. T.V. Ramachandra
Year: 2017
Publisher: Energy &Wetlands Research Group
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Lake 2016:The 10th Biennial Lake conference 2017
Subject: Lake 2016 -Albums
Keywords: Lake 2016, 10th Biennial Lake conference.
Abstract: Lake 2016: The 10th Biennial Lake Conference: International Conference and Sustainable Management of Ecologically Sensitive Regions in Western Ghats.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None

ID: 62048
Title: Monitoring forest Dynamics within and Buffer Regions of Protected Areas of Karnataka, India
Author: Ramachandra T,V, Setturu Bharath, Nimish Gupta, Bhargavi R. Sharma
Editor: Dr. T.V. Ramachandra
Year: 2017
Publisher: Energy &Wetlands Research Group
Source: EWRG, CES
Reference: Monitoring Forest Dynamics within And Buffer Regions of Protected Areas of Karnataka, India Pg no-1-201 (2017))
Subject: Monitoring Forest Dynamics Within and Buffer Regions of Protected Areas of Karnataka, India
Keywords: Monitoring, Forest Dynamics,Buffer Regions, Protected Areas, Karnataka, India
Abstract: Management of natural resources to sustain food, fodder and water would help in minimising fauna straying to nearby villages and hence human animal conflicts.Maintaining ecological integrity in the protected area and also surrounding buffer region is essential as most of protected landscapes are open systems that face anthropogenic and other biotic threats from adjacent areas.Alterations in landscape structure with reduction in contiguous forests would increse the likelihood of invsive plants and animals range expansions, alter hydrologic regime (water availability), which leads to the erosion of integrity of the protected ecosystems.This research attempts to assess ecological integrity of the protected ares in Karnataka State, India through monitoring forest transitions using temporal remote sensing data.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Eldridge, D.J., Bowker, M.A., Maestre, F.T., Roger, E.,Reynolds, J.F., Whitford, W.G. (2011).Impacts of shrub encroachment on ecosystem structure and functioning: towards a global synthesis.Ecology Letters, 14 (7), 709-722.http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01630.x Gason, K.J.,Jackson, S.F., Cantu-Salazar, L., Cruz-Pinon G., 2008.The ecological performance of protected areas Annu.Rev.Ecol.Evol.Syst., 39:93-113.
Literature cited 2: Hansen, A.J.,DeFries R., 2007.Ecological mechanisms linking protected areas to surrounding lands Ecol.Appl., 974-988. Karnataka Forest Department Internal Evaluation Report 2008-09 (KFDIER) Evaluation of Plan an Non-Plan works implemented during 2004-05, 2005-06 & 2006-07.