Enter records

ID: 62662
Title: Structural variability of Mycobacterium tuberculosis SSB and susceptibility to inhibition
Author: Srikalaivani Raja, Anju Paul, Sriram Raghavan, Sibi Narayanan, Somnath Shee, Amit Singh, Umesh Varshney, Balasubramanian Gopal and Mamannamana Vijayan
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 122 (3) 281-289 (2022)
Subject: Structural variability of Mycobacterium tuberculosis SSB and susceptibility to inhibition
Keywords: Binding regions, crystal structure, docking, inhibitor development, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, structural plasticity
Abstract: Single-stranded DNA is formed at various stages of DNA metabolism. It is protected from degradation by single-stranded DNA-binding proteins (SSBs). Structural variability has been observed in the quaternary arrangement of tetrameric SSBs from mycobacteria arrangement of tetrameric SSBs from mycobacteria and other sources. Here we describe two novel crystal forms which illustrate the extent of structural variability. Docking studies carried out with inhibitors identified from DNA-binding assays allowed the characterization of eight distinct potential building regions or grooves on each tetramer that circumvent structurally variable regions. Compounds known to inhibit certain bacterial SSBs (MtSSB) using DNA-binding and cellular assays. We report two compounds that inhibit MtSSB and growth of the bacterium. Together, this structural analysis reveals a strategy to exploit the variability of MtSSB for the design of inhibitors to this protein. The variability in structure of MtSSB could contribute to its susceptibility to inhibitors.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Chase, J.W., and Williams, K.R., Single–stranded DNA binding proteins required for DNA replication.Annu.Rev.Biochem., 1986, 55, 103-136. Lohman, T.M. and Ferrari, M.E., Escherichia coli single –stranded DNA-binding protein: multiple DNA-binding modes and cooperatives .Annu.Rev.iochem., 1994, 63, 527-570.
Literature cited 2: Shereda, R.D., Kozlov, A.G., Lohman, T.M., Cox, M.M. and Keck, J.L., SSB as a n organizer/mobilize of genome maintenance complexes. Crit. Rev. Biochem, Mol. Biol., 2008, 43 (5), 289—318. Costes, A., Leconite, F., McGovern,S., Quevillion-Cheruel,S. and Polard,P., The C-terminal domain of the bacteria SSB protein acts as a DNA maintenance hub at active chromosome replication forks.PLOS Gnet.,2010, 6(12), e1001238.

ID: 62661
Title: Viral diseases in Indian freshwater and marine water pisciculture
Author: Vertika diseases in Indian freshwater and marine water pisciculture
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 122 (3) 267-280 (2022)
Subject: Viral diseases in Indian freshwater and marine water pisciculture
Keywords: Aquaculture, fish, freshwater, marine water, viral diseases
Abstract: Intensification of aquaculture allows emergent and resurgent viral pathogens to cause large die-offs in the wild and farms. The inherent capability of viruses to existing multiple forms outside the hosts gives them an edge for easy transmission and translocation increasing the chances of infection. More efforts are needed for an in-depth understanding of viral epidemiology. Quantification of factors determining the virulence mechanisms and variability in disease expression is necessary to strengthen the basic knowledge on virology. The article is an update on the current understanding on viral diseases in fish causing loss to Indian aquaculture system.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Walker, J. and Winton, J.R., Emerging viral diseases of fish and shrimp, Vet. Res., 2010, 41 (6), 51. Raja, K., Aanand, P., Padmavathy, S. and Sampath kumar, J.S., Present and future market trends of Indian ornamental fish sector.Int.J.Fish.Aquat.Stud. 2019, 7(2), 6-15.
Literature cited 2: Crane, M. and Hyatt, A., Viruses of fish: an overview of significant pathogens .Viruses, 2011, 3(11), 2025-2046. Sahoo, P.K., et al., Detection of goldfish haematopoietic necrosis herpes virus (Cyprinid herpesvirus 2) with multi-drug resistant infection in goldfish: first evidence of nay viral disease outbreak in ornamental freshwater aquaculture farms in India. Acta Trop., 2016, 161, 8-17.

ID: 62660
Title: Medicinal and aromatic plants as an emerging source of bioherbicides
Author: Pooja Maurya, Abdul Mazeed, Dipender Kumar, Iffat Zareen Ahmad and Priyanka Suryavanshi
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 122 (3) 258-266 (2022)
Subject: Medicinal and aromatic plants as an emerging source of bioherbicides
Keywords: Allelochemicals, bioherbicides, medicinal and aromatic plants, sustainable agriculture, weeds
Abstract: Weeds cause higher reductions in crop yield than any other pest or disease; yet they remain underestimated in tropical agriculture. Controlling composite culture of weeds in the crop field is difficult. Continuous use of synthetic herbicides may have an adverse impact on human health and the agro-ecosystem. Natural products such as essential oils, plants extracts, allelochemicals, agricultural by-products and some microorganisms are being studied in this area since they are environmentally friendly and have low toxicity. Being ecologically stable, they may provide an alternative to synthetic herbicides. In this article, we document the research done across the world to establish medicinal and aromatic plants as source of bioherbicides for sustainable agricultural production.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Yeduraju, N.T., Prasad Babu, M.B.B. and Chandla, P., Herbicide use. In Agriculture and Environment (eds Swaminathan, M.S., an Chadha, K.L., Malhotra Publishing House, New Delhi, 2006, pp.192-210. Meena, R.S. et al., Impact of agrochemicals on soil microbiota and management: a review. Land, 2020, 9 (2) 34.
Literature cited 2: Cordeau, S., Trilet, M., Wayman, S., Steinberg, C. and Guillemin, J.P., Bioherbiides: dead in the water? A review of the existing products for integrated weed management .Crop Prot., 2016.87, 44-49. GoI, Statistical database, Directorate of plant Protection .Quarantine and Storage, Government of India, 2020; http: //ppqs.gov.in/statistical –database (accessed on 18 October 2021.)

ID: 62659
Title: Breaking silos: can the emerging field of Ayurvedic biology contribute to the advancement of Indian health science
Author: Bhavya Vijay, Gurmeet Singh, Chethala N.Vishnuprasad, Ashwini Godbole, Subrahmauya Kumar Kukkupuni, Megha, Prasan Shankar, Poornima Devkumar and Darshan Shankar
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 122 (3) 251-257 (2022)
Subject: Breaking silos: can the emerging field of Ayurvedic biology contribute to the advancement of Indian health science
Keywords: Ayurvedic biology, Ayu-genomics, drug design, food science, health and wellness, regenerative biology
Abstract: This article describes the evolution of an emerging cross-cultural field of research called Ayurvedic biology. Ayurveda and biology both carry equivalent etymological meaning; the study of ‘changes’ in life processes. The difference lies in the systematic perspective of Ayurveda versus the molecular and mechanistic perspevtives in biology. The field of Ayurvedic-Biology seeks to systematically explore the convergence of biological phenomena of health and wellness, derived from different cultural viewpoints. With illustrations of research from genomics, regenerative biology, drug discovery, food sciences and disease classification methods, this article indicates the potential of Ayurvedic biology for the advancement of health sciences.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Lipphardt, V. and Ludwig, D., Knowledge transfer and science transfer. Notes, 2011, 2, 7. Latour, B., Visualisation and cognition: thinking with eyes and hands. Knowl. Soc., 1984, 6, 1-40.
Literature cited 2: Harari, Y.N., Saiens: A Brief History of Humankind, Random House, 2014. Saraf, S., and Parihar, R.S., Sushruta: the first plastic surgeon in 6000 BC. Int. J. Plast. Surg., 2007, 4.

ID: 62658
Title: Temporal consistency in foraging time and bouts of a carpenter bee in a specialized pollination system
Author: Neethu Sinu and Palatty Allesh Sinu
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 122 (2) 213-216 (2022)
Subject: Temporal consistency in foraging time and bouts of a carpenter bee in a specialized pollination system
Keywords: Carpentor bees, flower constancy, foraging, sword bean, visitation rate
Abstract: While site and plant fidelity are reported for bees, consistency in foraging pattern is less studied in field conditions. we monitored three marked carpenter bees-one female and two males-on the sword bean for 25 straight days of flowering to examine whether (1) the bee is consistent on the time of its first visit and the number of foraging bouts and (2) the number of flowers on the plant predicts foraging bouts of the bees. The female bee was consistent on the first arrival time and the number of visitation bouts, but the male bees were not. The median first arrival time of the female bee was 06:22 h. Number of visitation bouts of female bee was unaffected by the crop size. The duration the bees spent on the plant on subsequent visits increased with the duration they spent on the first visit. This study suggests that the carpenter bee, in particular the female, has a consistent visitation pattern to the flowers.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Brosti, B.J., Pollinator specialization: from the individual to the community. New Phytol., 2016, 210, 1190-1194. Heinrich, B., The foraging specializations of individual bumble bees. Ecol., Monogr., 1976, 46, 105-128.
Literature cited 2: Cecala, J.M. and Rankin, E.E.W., Mark-recapture experiments reveal foraging behaviour and plant fidelity of native bees in plant nurseries. Ecology, 2020, 101, e03021. Ogilvie, J.E. and Thomson, J.D., Site fidelity by bees drives pollination facilitation in sequentially blooming plant species. Ecology 2016, 97, 1442-1451.

ID: 62657
Title: Invasive pest, Thrips parvispinus (Karny) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)-a looming threat to Indian agriculture
Author: R.R. Rachana. P.Roselin, M.Amutha, K.Sireesha and G.Narasa Reddy
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 122 (2) 211-213 (2022)
Subject: Invasive pest, Thrips parvispinus (Karny) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)-a looming threat to Indian agriculture
Keywords: Capsicum annum, Quarantine, Mangifera indica, terebrantia
Abstract: The status and spread of notoriously destructive and invasive pest, Thrips parvispinus (Karny) (Thysanoptera: Terebrantia: Thripidae) on agriculturally important crops after its first report from India is reported. Description of the species and illustrations of its diagnostic characters are provided to facilitate identification since 2015, this species has been collected from nine host plants belonging to seven families from five Indian states, viz. Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu. The establishment of this thrips species warrants special attention in India as it is a potentially damaging plant pest and has a wide host range across various plant families. Unless successful quarantine measures are put in place, the spread and subsequent depredations of cultivated crops is inevitable.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: http://thrips.info/wikiMain-Page (accessed on 30 October 2021). Rachana, R.R. and Varatharajan, R., Checklist of terebrantian hips (Insecta: Thysanoptera) recorded from India. J. Threat., Taxa, 2017, 9 (1), 9748-9755.
Literature cited 2: Mound, L.A., So many thrips-so few tospoviruses.In Thrips and Tospoviruses: Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium of Thysanoptera (eds Marullo, R. and Mound, L.A), Australian National Insect Collection, Canberra, Australia, 2002, pp.3-6. Mound, L.A., and Collins, D.W., A Southeast Asian pest species newly recorded from Europe: Thrips parvisipinus (Thysanoptera: Thripidae, its confused identity and potential quarantine significance. J. Eur. Entomol, 2000, 97, 197-200.

ID: 62656
Title: Macro-charcolal in carbonaceous strata of the Lower Cretaceous of northwest India: remains from the Than Formation, Saurashtra Basin, Gujarat
Author: Gisele Sana Rebelato, Andre Jasper, Andrea Pozzebon-Silva, Julia Siqueira Carniere, Alpana Singh, Shivanna Mahesh, Bhagwan D.Singh, Marlon de Castro Vasconcelos and Dieter Uhl
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 122 (2) 205-210 (2022)
Subject: Macro-charcolal in carbonaceous strata of the Lower Cretaceous of northwest India: remains from the Than Formation, Saurashtra Basin, Gujarat
Keywords: Carbonaceous strata, gymnosperms, macro-charcoal, morphotypes, palaeo-wildfires
Abstract: The record of Cretaceous palaeo-wildfires is rather scarce for peninsular India. We aim to report a detailed macro-charcoal analysis as evidence for palaeo wild-fires of Early Cretaceous deposits from India. The macro-charcoal was studied using SEM and classified into three morphophytes based on anatomical characteristics. All morphotypes are probably associated with gymnosperms. These findings constitute a record of macro-charcoal and consequently of palaeo-wildfires for the lower Cretaceous strata of the Saurashtra Basin, Northwest India.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Sciott, A.C., The pre-Quaternary history of fire. Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecol., 2000, 164, 281-329. Glasspool, I.J., Edwards, D. and Axe, L., Charcoal in the Silurian as evidence for the earliest wildfire. Geology, 2004, 32, 381-383.
Literature cited 2: Bowman, D.M.J.S., et al., Fire in the earth system. Science, 2009, 324, 481-484. Jones, T.P. and Chaloner, W.G., Fossil charcoal, its recognition and palaeoatmospheric significance. Palaeogeogr., Palaeoclimatol., Palaeoecol., 1991, 97, 39-50.

ID: 62655
Title: Reproductive efficiency of Crotalaria mysorensis-a vesperal weed of subtropics
Author: Jayoti Devi, Priya Sharma, Pratibha Magotra and Namrata Sharma
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 122 (2) 201-205 (2022)
Subject: How capuchin monkeys use their semi-prehensile tails
Keywords: Crotalaria mysorensis, reproductive efficiency, seed germination, subtropical regimes, vesperal weed.
Abstract: An evolutionary changeover between mating systems comes about frequently and independently in flowering plants. Crotalaria mysorensis Roth., an annual weed growing wild in the subtropical regimes of northwestern Himalaya, displays this shift effectively. The species appears as an outbreeder on the basis of its floral architecture. Floral phonological events, however, confirm it to be a strict inbreeder because of its vesperal nature and brief blooming period. This mating strategy provides reproductive assurance to the species, but with low seed germination.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Jain, S.K., The evolution of inbreeding in plants. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst., 1976, 7, 469-495 Holsinger, K.E., Ecological models of plant mating systems and the evolutionary stability of mixed mating system. In Ecology and Evolutionary stability of mixed mating a system. In Ecology and Evolutionary stability of mixed mating system. In Ecology and Evolution of plant Reproduction, Chapman and Hall, New York, USA, 1992, pp.169-191.
Literature cited 2: Holsinger, K.E., Reproductive systems and evolution in vascular plants. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.USA, 2000, 97, 7037-7042. Schoen, D.J., Morgan, M.T. and Bataillon, T., How does self-pollination evolve? Inferences from floral and molecular genetic variation. In Ecology Phylogeny and Evolution, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1997, pp. 77-102.

ID: 62654
Title: How capuchin monkeys use their semi-prehensile tails
Author: Madhur Mangalan, Callum F.Ross, Patricia Iza, Elisabetta Visalberghi and Dorothy M.Fragaszy
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 122 (2) 195-200 (2022)
Subject: How capuchin monkeys use their semi-prehensile tails
Keywords: Left knee angle, locomotion, prehensility, Sapajus libidinosus, tail cantilever length, tropodal posture
Abstract: Among primates, prehensile/semi-prehensile tails have evolved independently in the families Atelidae and Cebidae of the infraorder Platyrrhini (Neotropical monkeys). They facilitate maintaining stability during locomotion on thin, flexible branches and while reaching for food on challenging substrates. How a prehensile/semi-prehensile tail is coordinated with the hind limbs to facilitate controlled, flexible adoption of posture remains unknown. In an experimental set-up in the wild, we induced capuchin monkeys to adopt a tail-assisted, head-down tripodal posture to reach for food, documenting from slow-motion video recordings (120 fps) both qualitative changes in the monkeys’ positional behaviour the relative orientation of their limbs and semi-prehensile tail-and quantitative changes in the left knee angle. The monkeys coordinated their tail and hind limbs in online manner by preparing to anchor the tail over a substrate when beginning to adopt a tail-assisted, head down, tripodal posture, but anchoring it only at the moment when they extended their hand to grasp the food. Coordination of their semi-prehensile tail with their limbs enables these capuchin moneys to adjust their posture more flexibly compared to anchoring their tail over a substrate in anticipation and subsequently changing posture.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Rosenberger, AA. L., Tale of tails: parallelism and prehensility. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol., 1983, 60, 103-107. Emmons, L.H. Gentry, A.H., Tropical Forest structure and distribution of gliding and prehensile-tailed vertebrates. Am. Nat., 1983, 121, 513-524.
Literature cited 2: Nowak, R.M. and Walker, E.P., Walker’s Mammals of the World, John Hopkins University Press, Bltimore, MD, USA, 1999. Larson, S.G and Stern Jr, J.T., Maintenance of above-branch balance during primate arboreal quadrupedalism: coordinated use of forearm rotators and tail motion. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol., 2006, 129, 71-81.

ID: 62653
Title: Design and development of human metabolic simulator for a deepwater manned submersible
Author: C.S. Sandhya, S.Ramesh, N. Thulasi Prasad, K.N.V.V. Murthy, D. Gobichandhru, M.Murugesan, N.Vadachalam, G.A.Ramadass
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 122 (2) 187-194 (2022)
Subject: Design and development of human metabolic simulator for a deepwater manned submersible
Keywords: Human metabolic simulator, life support system, manned submersible, personnel sphere, respiratory quotient.
Abstract: In order to cater to the scientific demand for deep ocean exploration with human presence, manned submersible capable of operating up to 6000 m depth is being designed and developed at National Institute of Ocean Technology. The submersible can accommodate three personnel inside the confined space volume of4.8 m3 human capsule (personnel sphere) for total endurance of 108 h (12 h normal mission and 96 h in case of emergency). Human Metabolic Simulator was developed by following Det Norske Veritas guideline to validate the life support system design during these initial stages of qualification inside the personnel sphere. By considering human respiratory quotient (RQ), HMS was designed by combusting propane gas (RQ 0.6) to produce carbon dioxide, water and heat.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Frank, B.R., Manned submersibles, Office of the Ocenographer of the Navy, United States, 1976. Ramadas, G.A., Ramesh, S., Vedachalam, N., Subramanian, A.N. and Sathianarayanan, D., Development of manned submersible MATSYA 6000.In Proceedings of the 15th MTS MUV Symposium, Underwater Intervention Conference, New Orleans, USA, 2018.
Literature cited 2: Ramadas, G.A., et al., Challenges in developing deep-water human occupied vehicles. Curr. Sci., 2020, 118 (11), 1687-1693. Vedachalam, N. et al., Design and development of remotely operated vehicle for shallow waters and polar research. IEEE Underwater Technol., (UT), 2015, 1-5.

ID: 62652
Title: Addressing agricultural income risks in India: efficacy of risk management options in hazard-prone regions
Author: Vinita Kanwal and Smita Sirohi
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 122 (2) 178-186 (2022)
Subject: Addressing agricultural income risks in India: efficacy of risk management options in hazard-prone regions
Keywords: Addressing risk, finance markets, finance service, income risk
Abstract: The present study discusses how formal risk management options (RMOs) have evolved in reducing agricultural income loss. It also considers the dependency of farm households on informal RMOs. Based on our analysis of a representative sample of 180 rural households, we conclude that the formal RMOs such as insurance and commercial credit markets need to improve. Addressing the complexity of claim assessment and the problem of information lop-sideness in the insurance market should be a top priority for reducing inefficiency. Ascertaining the adequacy of claim amount in comparison to the loss is also important. The absence or underdevelopment of the formal market leads to efficient utilization of informal RMOs to reduce income risk. In this regard, informal ex-ante RMOs may be advantageous to the stable rise of farmers’ income and development of the rural financial system in the long run.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Lesk, C., Rowhani, P. and Ramakutty, N., Influence of extreme weather disasters on global crop production. Nature, 2016, 529, 84-87. Pelling, M. et al., Reducing Disaster Risk: A Challenge for Development, United Nations, New York, 2004, 32; http://archive-ouverte.unige.ch/unige:77685.
Literature cited 2: Scott-Smith, T., Paradoxes of resilience; a review of the world disasters report 2016.Dev.Change, 2018, 49, 662-677. Cannon, T., World Disasters Report 2014-focus on culture and risk, 2014; https://www.ifre.org/world-disasters-report-2014.

ID: 62651
Title: Borophenes to borophites: exploration through electron counting
Author: Rinkumoni Chaliha, D.Sravanakumar Perumalla and Eluvathingal D.Jemmis
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 122 (2) 161-166 (2022)
Subject: Borophenes to borophites: exploration through electron counting
Keywords: Borophenes, borophites, bond density, electron count, hole density
Abstract: Isoelectronic comparison to grapheme and magnesium boride (MgB2) explains the inevitable holes in borophenes. Similar qualitative analysis of stacking borophene layers towards an equivalent of graphite brings up several possibilities, which are presented here. Electron counting indicates that, in addition to the van der Waals interaction commonly seen in graphite, interlayer 2c-2e and multi-centre bonds, and hole density play an important role in the structure of borophites. The complexity that arises here may surpass that of 3D boron allotropes.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Jemmis, E.D and Prasad, D.L.V.K., Unknowns in the chemistry of boron. Curr. Sci., 2008, 95, 1277-1283. Novoselov, K.S., et al., Electric field effect in atomically thin carbon films. Science, 2004, 306, 666-669.
Literature cited 2: Bush, S., Borophene: a heterjunction appeared out of nowhere Electron. Wkly, 23 February 2017; https://www.electronicweekly.com/news/research-news/borophene-heterju ction-appeared-nowhere-2017-02 (accessed on 11 November2021. Mannix, A.J. et al., Synthesis of borophenes: anisotrophic, two-dimensional boron polymorphs. Science, 2015, 350, 1513-1516.

ID: 62650
Title: Career challenges for young independent researchers in India
Author: David C.Vanlalfakawma, B.Malsawmkima, Keshav Kumar UpadhyayS.K.Tripathi
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 122 (2) 133-134 (2022)
Subject: Career challenges for young independent researchers in India
Keywords: Academia, career opportunities, challenges, scientific enterprises, STEM, young researchers
Abstract: Sinarundinaria griffithiana (Munro) Chao & Renvoiz is endemic to Southeast Asia, naturally occurring in India, Bhutan, Tibet, Laos and Myanmar. In India, it occurs in the highlands of Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland and West Bengal. The species grows well at an altitudinal gradient between 900 and 2200 m amsl on hilly slopes with good soil conditions. The distribution of the species is found to be mainly controlled by elevations and annual precipitation. In a previous study, discriminant analysis of the bioclimatic variables for S. griffithiana showed a narrow climatic niche for the species and indicated its vulnerability to climate change. In Mizoram, it is locally known as ‘phar’.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Barik, S.K., lyngdoh, E.K. and Naithani, H.B., Indian For., 2009, 135, 67-77. Gamble, J.S., Ann. Roy, Bot. Gard. (Calcutta), 1896.
Literature cited 2: Tewari, D.N., Monograph on Bamboo, International Book Distribution, Dehradun, 1992, p.314, ISBN: 81-7089-176-0. Zhengyi, W., Raven, P.H. and Deyuan, H., Flora of China, Vol.22: Poaceae, Beijing and St. Loius, MO: Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden, 2006, p.752.

ID: 62649
Title: Cancers in the Urban Environment: How Malignant Diseases are caused and Distributed Among the Diverse People and Neighbourhoods of a Major Global Metrololis , 2nd Edition
Author: Thomas M. Mack; reviewed by Pradyumna Kumar Mishra, Arpit Bhargava
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 122 (1)105-106 (2022)
Subject: Cancers in the Urban Environment: How Malignant Diseases are caused and Distributed Among the Diverse People and Neighbourhoods of a Major Global Metropolis, 2nd Edition
Keywords: Cancers, Urban Environment, Malignant Diseases, Major Global Metropolis
Abstract: This book is an interesting publication which integrates elementary knowledge of cancer, its types and occurrence in a complex urban environment. It is unique collection of statistical datasets of different cancers, which portrays their demographic and geographic patterns in a defined area. The methodology adopted is sound and most of the work presented is easy to understand for the medical and scientific fraternity. Surely, it will assist to recognize the specific patterns and causal hypothesis of cancers in an urban environment.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1:
Literature cited 2:

ID: 62648
Title: Cyclical assessment of superoxide anion-radical generation and characterization of linking physiological parameters in wheat (Triticum aestivum L) seedlings
Author: Batjuka
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2022
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 122 (1)93-98 (2022)
Subject: Cyclical assessment of superoxide anion-radical generation and characterization of linking physiological parameters in wheat (Triticum aestivum L) seedlings
Keywords: DNA sysnthesis, membrane permeability, physiological parameters, superoxide radical, Tricticum aestivum L
Abstract: This study was conducted to evaluate the dynamics of superoxide anion radical (O2.-) production rate and alterations in DNA content and permeability of cell membranes in etiolated wheat seedlings (Triticum aestivum Lcv. Harmony) as well as those grown under normal daylight regime. The results suggest that the development of etiolated wheat seedlings and those grown under normal daylight is accompanied by the periodic formation of O2.-which leads to alteration in DNA content as well as permeability of cell membranes. The results also indicate that the first enhancement in the rate of O2. - generation was detected on the sixth and seventh days of development, after which the rate of O2.- production reduced in etiolated seedlings and those grown under normal daylight regime. The second maximum of the O2.- producing rate in developing and senescent organs occurred on the ninth day of plant development. The lowest values of all studied parameters, such a O2.- producing rate (37%), total genomic DNA concentration (58%) and electrolyte leakage (EL; 18%) were observed in etiolated wheat seedlings. Towards the end of the study period, DNA concentration and EL in organs of wheat seedlings declined, suggesting possible destruction of cellular organelles and the beginning of apoptotic processes. Overall, these results indicate that O2.- generation is decisive for normal morphogenesis, and it is an indispensable element of synchronous growth and development.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Demidchik, V., Mechanism and physiological roles of K+ efflux from root cells.J.Plant Physiol., 2014, 171, 696-707. Nath, K. and Lu, Y., A paradigm of reactive oxygen species and programmed cell death in plants. J. Cell Sci. Ther., 2015, 6, 1-2.
Literature cited 2: Borovik, O.A. and Grabelnych, O.I., Mitochondrial alternative cyanide-resistant oxidase is involved in an increase of heat stress tolerance in spring whet.J.Plant Physiol., 2018, 231, 310-317. Shorning, B.Y., Smirnova, E.G., Yuguzhinsky, L.Sand Vanyushin, B.F., Necessity of superoxide production for development of etiolated wheat seedlings.Biochem. (Mosc), 2000, 65, 1357-1361.