ID: 63262
Title: Treatment of wastewater generated from coke oven by adsorption on steelmaking slag and its effect on cementitious properties
Author: Yogesh Nathuji Dhoble and Sirajuddin Ahmed
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2019
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 116 (8) 1346-1355 (2019)
Subject: Treatment of wastewater generated from coke oven by adsorption on steelmaking slag and its effect on cementitious properties
Keywords: Coke-oven wastewater, compressive strength, leaching, steelmaking slag
Abstract: In this study, steelmaking slag is selected as and adsorption material to treat coke-oven wastewater. The study shows the use of solid waste to treat liquid waste of the same industry. The full effect of adsorption on steel slag with coke-oven wastewater has been analysed using SEM, XFR, XRD, FTIR and GC-MS. The adsorption pattern for steel slag at high temperatures i.e. up to 1100 ºC was studied. It is observed that adsorption of pollutants does not favour higher temperature. Leaching studies showed increase in traces of heavy metals. However, only arsenic was found to be leaching beyond permissible limits. GC-MS studies showed no desorption of organic compounds from the treated slag. Compressive strength slightly weakend for the slag as an adsorbent. Overall analysis suggests that steel slag can be used for adsorption of coke-oven wastewater pollutant at lower temperatures. Thus steelmaking slag is found to be an efficient, readily available and economical adsorbent for removal of toxins from the coke-oven wastewater at lower temperatures.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Ghose, M., Complete physic-chemical treatment for coke plant effluents. Water Res., 2002, 36, 1127-1134; doi: 10:1016/SOO43-1354 (01) 00328-1.
Biswas, J., Evaluation of various methods and efficiencies for treatment of effluent from iron and steel industry-a review.Int.J.Mech.Eng.Robot Res., 2013; http: www.ijmerr.com/uploadfile/2015/0409/20150409043210915.pdf (accessed on 29 August 2017.)
Literature cited 2: Papadimitriou,C.A., Samaras ,P. and Skellaropoulos,G.P.,Comparative study of phenol and cyanide containing wastewater in CSTR and SBR activated sludge reactors.Bioresour.Technol., 2009, 100, 31-37; doi:101016/j.biortech.2008.06.004.
Dong, Y. And Zhang,J. Testing the genotoxicity of coking wastewater using Vicia faba and Hordeum vulgare bioassays.Ecotoxicol.Environ.Saf., 2010, 73, 944-948; doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2009.12.026.
ID: 63261
Title: Dynamic modelling and parameter identification for cable-driven manipulator
Author: Fei Yan, Yaoyao Wang, Feng Ju, Jiafeng Yao, Bai Chen and Hongtao Wu
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2019
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 116 (8) 1331-1345 (2019)
Subject: Dynamic modelling and parameter identification for cable-driven manipulator
Keywords: Artificial bee colony algorithm, cable-driven manipulator, dynamics, parameter identification.
Abstract: Cable-driven manipulatrs (CDMs) have several advantages, but unknown dynamic characters restrict their control performance. The motors of CDMs are placed at the base and power is transmitted by cables between the motors and driving pulleys. These cables interact with the links of the manipulator, which poses a challenge for obtaining the dynamic model. In this study, the interaction between cables and manipulators is analysed, and a dynamic model is derived based on Newton-Euler method. To eliminate excessive variance in recursive equations, the impact of pretension force is considered and some equivalent assumptions are proposed. To improve the accuracy of parameter identification, limited terms of Fourier series are adopted for the identification trajectory. Considering various limitations of CDMs, such as maximum joint angle, speed and acceleration, artificial bee colony algorithm is used to optimize the coefficients of the identification trajectory. Considering various limitations of CDMs, such as maximum joint angle, speed and acceleration, artificial bee colony algorithm is used to optimize the coefficients of the identification trajectory. Simulations verify that the dynamic model can precisely calculate the driving torque of CDMs. Moreover, parameter identification experiment affirms the efficiency of the proposed parameter identification method.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Shang, W., et al., Synchronization control in the cable space for cable-driven parallel robots. IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., 2018, 66 (6), 4544-4554; doi:10.1109/TIE.2018.2864512.
Zhang, N., Shang, W.W., and Cong, S., Geometry-based trajectory planning of a 3-3 cable-suspended parallel robot. IEEE Trans. Robot., 2017, 33 (2), 484-491.
Literature cited 2: Wang, Y., et al., Practical tracking control of robot manipulators with continuous fractional-order non-singular terminal sliding mode. IEEE Trans.Ind.Electron., 2016, 63 (10), 6194-6204.
Wang, Y. Eta l., a new adaptive time-delay control scheme for cable-driven manipulators.IEEE Trans.Ind.Inform. Doi: 10.1109/TII.2018.2876605.
ID: 63260
Title: Impact of salinity and zinc application on growth, physiological and yield traits in wheat.
Author: Sonia Rani. Manoj Kumar Sharma, Neeraj Kumar and Neelam
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2019
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 116 (8) 1324-1330 (2019)
Subject: Impact of salinity and zinc application on growth, physiological and yield traits in wheat.
Keywords: Growth and yield, salinity, wheat, zinc.
Abstract: Globally salinity impairs the productivity potential of agricultural land. Apart from salinity, there are a number of factors responsible for the stagnation of wheat productivity. This problem is becoming acute day by day due to improper management of natural resources. Salinity has repressive effects on physiological characteristics of wheat. Soil salinity affects plant growth by creating water and ionic imbalance in the plant due to the presence of toxic ions. Salt-affected plants exhibit stunted growth and have darker leaf colour. Nutrient deficiency is n other yield-limiting factor and this problem is aggravating gradually due to intensive cultivation, imbalanced and injudicious usage of fertilizers. The widespread deficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus is followed by Zn deficiency. Zinc is an important component of proteins and acts as a structural, functional or regulatory cofactor of a number of enzymes. Moreover, it plays a significant role in plant metabolism. Generally, the presence of excess salt decreases photosynthesis, total carbohydrate, fatty acid and protein, therefore, zinc has the tendency to offset the negative effects of salinity on plant growth.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Rengasamy, P., World salinization with emphasis on Australia.J.Exp.Bot. 2006, 57, 1017-1023.
Shrivastava, P. and Kumar, R., Soil salinity: A serious environmental issue and plant growth promoting bacteria as one of the tools for its alleviation. Sau. J. Biol. Sci., 2015, 22,123-131
Literature cited 2: Paranychianakis, N.V. and Chartzoulakis, K.S., Irrigation of Mediterranean crops with saline water: From physiology to management practices.Agric.Eco.Environ. 2005, 106, 171-187.
He, L., Ban, Y., Inoue, H., Matsuda, N., Liu. J. And Moriguchi, T., Enhancement of spermidine content and antioxidant capacity in transgenic pear shoots over expressing apple spermidinesynthase in response to salinity and hyperosmosis. Phytochemistry, 2008, 69, 2133-2141.
ID: 63259
Title: Potential of surplus crop residues, horticultural waste and animal excreta as a nutrient source in the central and western regions of India.
Author: Sudeshna Bhattacharjya, Asha Sahu, M.C.Manna and A.K. Patra
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2019
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 116 (8) 1314-1323 (2019)
Subject: Comparing research performance of private universities in India with IITs, central universities and NITs
Keywords: Animal excreta, crop residue, horticultural waste, waste.
Abstract: In the recent past, yield stagnation in major cropping systems of India along with declined soil fertility and soil health have emerged as a prime threat to sustainable food security. Moreover, with the rising population, there is increase in food demand from the limited land resources. This situation has led to a huge gap between the availability of nutrients and demands to sustain food security. It has thus become the need of the hour to recover and recycle nutrients that have been mined from the soil. Hence, recycling of surplus crop and horticultural residues, and animal excreta seems to be viable option to minimize the nutrient gap. However, cumulative estimated data on the availability of unutilized crop and horticultural residues, and animal excreta are scare in Indian context. The present article gives an estimate of recyclable biowaste in the states of central and western India that could be utilized as baseline information by future policymakers.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Reicosky, D.C. and Wilts, A.R., Crop-residue management. In Reference Module in Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences Encyclopedia of Soils in the Environment, Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 2005, pp.334-338.
Hilooidhari, M., Das, D. And Baruah, D.C., Bioenergy potential from crop residue biomass in India.Renew.Sustian.Energ.Rev. 2014, 32, 504-512.
Literature cited 2: Manna, M.C., Subba Rao, A., Sahu, A. and Singh, U.B., Compost Handbook: Research-Production-Application, Fertilizer development and consultation Organization, New Delhi, 2012, pp.1312 +xiii.
Manna, M.C. et al., Quality compost production from solid urban waste for enhancing crop productivity and soil health. Bulletin No.02/IISS/2017, Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal, 2017.pp1-63.
ID: 63258
Title: Comparing research performance of private universities in India with IITs, central universities and NITs
Author: Sumit Kumar Banshal, Vivek Kumar Singh and Philipp Mayr
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2019
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 116 (8) 1304-1313 (2019)
Subject: Comparing research performance of private universities in India with IITs, central universities and NITs
Keywords: Private universities, research performance, research in India, research policy
Abstract: During the last two decades the number of private universities in India has increased significantly. According to AISHE report of 2016, out of 799 universities in India, 277 are private universities, i.e. one out of every three universities in India is a private university. A significant proportion of colleges (about 78 %) are also privately managed, as they do not contribute much to research activities and hence are not included in this analysis. Private universities are now becoming a component of the Indian higher education system. Some of the private universities are exclusively positioning and projecting themselves as universities for high quality research and innovation. A few of them are now well placed in the national-level NIRF ranking framework. It is in this context that this paper presents a comparative account of research performance of the 25 most productive private universities with the set of Indian Institutes of Technology (IIITs), Central Universities (CUs) and National Institutes of Technology (NITs, all of which have a well-established environment and culture of research. A set-based comparison methodology is followed. The results show good performance of private universities in research, especially in terms of output and rate of growth of output. However, on quality and productivity per capita and per rupee spent, they have a long way to go to match the performance levels of well-established centrally funded higher education institutions of India. This study presents detailed scientometric assessment of some most productive private universities in India.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: All India survey on Higher Education (2015-16), Department of Higher education, Ministry of Human Resource Development, Govt. of India; http://mhrd.gov.in/sites/upload_files/mhrd/files/statistics-new/AISHE-201516.pdf.
Literature cited 2: Banshal, S.K., Singh, V.K., Bsu.A.and Muhuri, P.K., Research performance of Indian Institutes of Technology.Curr.Sci., 2017, 112 (), 923-932.
Marisha, Banshal, S.K.and Singh, V.K., Research performance of central universities in India.Curr.Sci. 2017, 112 (11), 2198-2208.
ID: 63257
Title: How accomplished are we for writing our national flora?
Author: Potharaju Venu and Munivenkatappa Sanjappa
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2019
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 116 (8) 1299-1303 (2019)
Subject: How accomplished are we for writing our national flora?
Keywords: Herbaria, multilateral collaboration, national flora, taxonomic literature
Abstract: This article deliberates upon expertise availability and material limitations which are considered as core hurdles in writing a comprehensive flora for India. The efforts carried out so far by the Botanical Survey of India and multiple and diverse technical impediments for permission to collect biological materials in Reserve Forests and other Protected Areas are detailed. Constraints to access type specimens and authenticated materials housed in European berbaria are elaborated. Digitization and database development to build an Indian virtual herbarium are to be taken up on priority basis for expeditious completion. Multinational collaborative projects promoting joint explorations/scrutiny of specimens/old literature /correspondence related to Indian flora would facilitate a full grasp and a clear presentation on the taxa reported from the country. This will boost the pace of publishing a national flora with the desired excellence.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Hooker, J.D., The Flora of British India, Vols 1-7,L.Reeve & Co, London, 1872-1890.
Gamble, J.S., Flora of the Presidency of Madras, Vols 1-3, West New man and Adlard, London, 1915-1936.
Literature cited 2: Cooke, T., The Flora of the Presidency of Bombay, Vols 1-3, West ,New man and Adlard ,London, 1915-1936.
Prain, D., Bengal Plants. Vols 1-2, N W & Compan Printers & Publishers, Calcutta, 1903.
ID: 63256
Title: Uranium mineralization in Kappatralla outlier of Gulcheru quartzite formation, Mesoproterozoic Cuddapah Supergroup, Kurnool district, Andhra Pradesh, India
Author: H.S. Rajaraman, S.K.Jain, B.S.Bisht, A.V.Jeyagopal, M.B.Verma
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2019
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 116 (8) 1294-1298 (2019)
Subject: Uranium mineralization in Kappatralla outlier of Gulcheru quartzite formation, Mesoproterozoic Cuddapah Supergroup, Kurnool district, Andhra Pradesh, India
Keywords: Uranium mineralization, Kappatralla outlier, Gulcheru quartzite formation, Mesoproterozoic Cuddapah, Kurnool district, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Abstract: In the eastern Dharwar craton, the crescent-shaped Cuddapah Basin forms a large intracratonic basin, comprising Meso-Neoproterozoic sedimentary sequence with volcanic rock components. The sedimentary environment of the Cuddapah Basin, in general, is comparable with peri-tidal complex with shallow marine carbonate shelf and beach environment. Systematic geological studies of the Cuddapa Basin are well documented. The litho-units of the basin are mainly divided into older Cuddapah Supergroup and a younger Kurnool Group. The former is present throughout the basin, while the younger group is seen in its western and northeastern parts. The sediments of the basin overlie the Late Archaean-Lower Proterozoic granitoids intruded by basic and ultra-potassic dykes.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: King, W., Mem.Geol.Surv.India, 1872, 8, 346.
Nagaraja Rao, B.K., Rajurkar, S.T., Ramalinga Swamy, G. And Ravindar Babu, B., Mem.Geol.Soc.India. 1987, 6, 33-86.
Literature cited 2: Umamaheswar, K., Basu, H., Patnaik, J.Geol.Soc.India, 2001.57, 405-409.
Dwivedi, A.K., Hegde, G.N.and Umamaheshwar, K., J.Geol.Soc.India., 2006, 67, 197-200.
ID: 63255
Title: Current scenario of air pollution in relation to respiratory health
Author: H.Paramesh
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2019
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 116 (8) 1289-1292 (2019)
Subject: Current scenario of air pollution in relation to respiratory health
Keywords: Air pollution, respiratory health
Abstract: We inhale 420 litres of oxygen and exhale 35 litres of carbon dioxide per day. This gas exchange happens in the air sacs called alveoli which are over 600 millions and lined by thin membrane of 0.3 micron. These alveoli are connected by over 100-2000 million patient branching bronchial to accommodate 10, 000 litres of air and 10, 000 litres of blood should circulate per day to carry oxygen to all the cells in our body. We need to breathe clean air to maintain our health.
The analysis of skulls belonging to various ages by CT scan in relation to air pollution in the UK has shown that the incidence of chronic sinusitis during the Bronze age and Iron age was 0.5 % when there was no cooking; in the Romano British Age it went up to 3 % when food was cooked outside; in the Anglosaxon Age it went up to 7 %, when civilized population started cooking food inside their huts.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: History and Early Air Pollution, the Big Smoke, Sinusitis frequency in Britain through the Ages, https: books.google.co.in/books? ISBN=1136703292
JohnArbuthnot, An essay concerning the effects of Air on Human Bodies, 1773; https: books.google.co.in/book?isbn=1137315660
Literature cited 2: Bharat Rathna Sir M.Visvesvaraya,Bangalore Literacy Union address, 20th May 1953, Century Club Centenary Celebration,Jwalamukhi Mudranalaya PVT Ltd,Bangalore, 10 February 2018.
Guarnieri, M. and Balmes, J.R., Lancet, 2014, 383 (9928), 1581-1592; doi: 2014, 383 (9928), 1581-1592; doi: 10.1016/SO140-6736 (14) 60617-6
ID: 63254
Title: Why challenges of doubling farmer’s income by 2022 are acceptable in context of the present Indian agricultural scenario
Author: Sukanya Barua; Rajeev Kumar, Satyapriya and Premlata Singh
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2019
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 116 (8) 1287-1288 (2019)
Subject: Why challenges of doubling farmer’s income by 2022 are acceptable in context of the present Indian agricultural scenario
Keywords: challenges of doubling farmer’s income, acceptable, Present Indian agricultural scenario
Abstract: The earlier strategies for agricultural development in our country focused primarily on enhancing agricultural production and food security. The policies largely emphasized on increase in agricultural productivity through latest technologies and cultivars, and augmented use of quality seeds, agrochemicals and plant nutrients. Those approaches transformed India not only as food self sufficient at the national level, but also as one of the leading food-exporting counties at the global level; though it did not explicitly recognize the need to increase farmers’ income and never identified any direct means to support the welfare of farmers. Past experiences show that although growth in production enhances farmers’ income in some cases, in most others, it does not enhance with output. The net result is the stagnating farmers’ income, which is evident from the increasing poverty among rural households.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Chand, R. And Parapappurathu, S., Econ.Polit.Wkly, 2013, 47 (26), 55-63.
Chand, R., In Proceedings of the 23rd CD r.B.P.Pal Memorial Lecture, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 2016.
Literature cited 2: Gulati, A. And Sweta Saini, In Proceeedings of Foundation Seminar on Doubling Farmer’s Income by National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development ,Vigyan Bhavan,New Delhi, 12 July 2016.
Department of Agriculture and Cooperation (DAC) Report, Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare; http:agricoop.gov.in/sites/default/files/DFI %Volume %202.pdf.
ID: 63253
Title: Impact of pusa hydrogel application on yield and productivity of rinfed wheat in North West Himalayan region
Author: Trisha Roy,Suresh Kumar,Lekh Chand ,D.K.Kadam,Bankey Bihari,S.S. Shrimali,Rajesh Bishnoi,U.K.Maurya,Madan Singh, ,.Muruganandam,Lakhan Singh, S.K.Sharma, Rakesh Kumarand Anil Mallik
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2019
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 116 (7) 1246-1251 (2019)
Subject: Impact of pusa hydrogel application on yield and productivity of rinfed wheat in North West Himalayan region
Keywords: Hydrogel, Northwest Himalayas, rainfed wheat, yield
Abstract: Farmers in the Northwest Himalayan region generally practice rainfed agriculture and have very limited scope for irrigation. Water scarcity is a major constraint for crop production in these areas. This problem exacerbates further during the Rabi season where vagaries of winter rain result in complete crop failure. This study was conducted in the Raipur Block of Dehradun district in the farmer’s field to study the impact of hydrogel on yield and productivity of wheat. Hydrogel is a hydrophilic polymer having high water holding capacity and can provide water to crops during moisture stress. Hydrogel was applied in the field in Rabi wheat with two broad treatments, i.e. with hydrogel (WH) and without hydrogel (WHO).Each treatment was replicated ten times, i.e. ten demonstrations were laid out in the field conditions. Hydrogel was applied at the rate of 5 kg ha-1 and observations related to various plant growth parameters and yields were recorded. The plant population in hydrogel plots increased by 22 % compared to the non-hydrogel treated plots. The effective tillers, plant height, ear length and grains per ear significantly improved due to hydrogel application. The total yield as well as green yield increased significantly after hydrogel amendment. The improved performance of wheat upon hydrogel application was evident in the field. This technology could be promising in terms of productivity improvement of rainfed crops and in combating the moisture stress in agriculture.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Venkateswarlu, B., Rainfed agriculture in India: issues in technology development and transfer. Model training course on Impact of climate change in rainfed agriculture and adaptation strategies, CRIDA, Hyderabad, India, 22-29 November 2011.
FAN, S. and Hazel, P., Should developing countries invest more in less-favored lands? An empirical analysis of rural India.Econ.Pol.Wkly, 2000, 34, 1455-1464.
Literature cited 2: Kalhapure, A., Kumar, R., Singh, V.P. and Pandey, D.S., Hydrogels: a boon for increasing agriculture productivity in water-stressed environment.Curr.Sci. 2016, 111 (11), 1773-1779.
Devendra, C., Improvement of value supply chains in sustainable small ruminant production to consumption systems in Asia. Indian J. Anim., Sci., 2016, 86, 3-10.
ID: 63252
Title: Transcriptome profile of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading fungi isolated from Taxus rhizosphere
Author: Rui Gao, Da Cheng Hao, Wenli Hu, Song Song, Shi Yang Li and Guang Bo Ge
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2019
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 116 (7) 1218-1228 (2019)
Subject: Transcriptome profile of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading fungi isolated from Taxus rhizosphere
Keywords: Biodegradation, Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, Talaromyces verruculosus, Taxus mairei, transcriptome sequencing.
Abstract: The present study aims to examine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-degrading fungal strains isolated from rhizosphere soil of Taxus mairei. Talaromyces verruculosus strain DJTU-SJ5 showed the higher PAH degradation than other strains. Improved degradation of five PAHs was attained using the two-member consortium. The industrial potential of DJTU-SJ5 has been highlighted. The transcriptome profiles of DJTU-SJ5 before and after PAH challenge were decoded by high-throughput RNA sequencing. A total of 33, 084 unigenes were obtained by de novo assembly of 19.9 Gb clean sequencing reads; 10, 532, 1, 104 and 11, 779 unigenes were expressed distinctly between control and phenanthrene (phen)-treated samples; control and pyrene (pyre)-treated samples, and phen and pyre respectively. These included numerous PAH degradation, defence and stress-related genes. The degradation pathway of PAHs in strain DJTU-SJ5 is proposed based on the metabolites and transcriptome analyses.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Haritash, A.K and Kaushik, C.P., Biodegradation aspects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs): a review. J. Hazard. Mater. 2009, 169, 1-15.
Hao, D.C., Zhang, C.R., and Xiao, P.G., The first Taxus rhizosphere microbiome revealed by shotgun metagenomic sequencing.J.Basic Micribiol. 2018, 58, 501-512.
Literature cited 2: Goyari,S., Devi,S.H.,Bengyella,L., Khan,M.and Sharma,C. K., Unveiling the optimal parameters for cellulolytic characteristics of Talaromyces verruculosus SGMNPf3 and its secretory enzymes.J.Appl.Micribiol., 2015, 119, 88-98.
Fang, D. and Shi, C., Characterization and flocculability of a novel proteoglycan produced by Talaromyces trachyspermus OU5. J. Biosci.Bioeng., 2016, 121, 52-56.
ID: 63251
Title: Trade-off between salt secretion and gas exchange by stomata in the leaves of Glycyrrhiza uralensis
Author: Peng You Chen, Miao Ma and Ling Yu Shi
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2019
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 116 (7) 1212-1217 (2019)
Subject: Trade-off between salt secretion and gas exchange by stomata in the leaves of Glycyrrhiza uralensis
Keywords: Licorice, stomata, salt secretion
Abstract: Our previous study found that stomata in the leaves of Glycyrrhiza uralensis (licorice) could secrete salt crystals. In theory, secretion of salt should affect the normal functioning of stomata, thereby affecting the growth and development of G.uralensis; however, its population grows well. We suspect that there may be a trade-off between stomatal salt secretion and gas exchange from the leaves at different positions. Therefore, we compared stomatal salt secretion capacity, chlorophyll content, anatomical structure, net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance from the leaves at different positions of licorice. The stomata of lower leaves exhibited strongest salt secretion capacity, whereas the stomata of upper leaves did not secrete any salt. Additionally, the upper and middle leaves had significantly higher chlorophyll content than the lower leaves. The arrangement of mesophyll cells in the upper leaves was densest, and that in the lower leaves was least dense. The net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance in the upper leaves were lowest. We conclude that the stomata of upper leaves are mainly used for gas exchange. In contrast, stomata of lower leaves, showing weak photosynthesis, are responsible for secreting excessive salt to maintain the inner ion balance and ensure normal metabolism in G. uralensis.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Zhang, W., Lan, F., and Hong, X.X., Chinese Pharmacopoeia, China Medical Science and Technology Press, Beijing, 2015.
Gafner, S. et al., Isoflavonoids and coumarins from Glycyrrhiza uralensis: antibacterial activity against oral pathogens and conversion of isoflavans into isoflavan-quinones during Prurification.J.Nat.Prod. 2011, 74, 2514-2519; doi: 10.1021/np2004775.
Literature cited 2: Saha, S. et al., Structural features and in vivo antitussive activity of the water extracted polymer from Glycyrrhiza glabra. Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 2011, 48, 634-638; doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2011.02.003.
Yazdi, A., Sardari, S., and Sayyah, M., Evaluation of the anticonvulsant activity of the leaves of Glycyrrhiza glabra var.glandulifera grown in Iran, a possible renewable source for anti-convulsant compounds.IJPR, 2011, 10, 75-82.
ID: 63250
Title: Cloud microphysical characterization during AVIRIS-NG campaign
Author: Bipasha Paul Shukla, Jinya John and Sambit Kumar Panda
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2019
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 116 (7) 1196-1200 (2019)
Subject: Cloud microphysical characterization during AVIRIS-NG campaign
Keywords: Cloud microphysical parameters, hyperspectral imaging, remote sensing, spectral matching
Abstract: Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer-Next Generation (AVIRIS-NG) air campaign has provided a unique opportunity to characterize the properties of tropical clouds at microscale. A novel approach based on spectral matching technique has been used to derive the cloud microphysical parameters (CMPs) such as optical thickness and effective radius over campaign sites of Kurnool (Andhra Pradesh) and Chilika (Odisha) region in India. It is found that the derived CMPs correspond to medium opacity and effective radius ranging from 4 to 18 μm. The hyper spectral bands coupled with high spatial resolution of the observations make it possible to identify pockets populated densely with large particles within a cloud. This has great applications for picking up fast developing convective cloud cells. More insight with different cloud type observations is anticipated with AVIRIS-NG phase-2 campaign.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Goetz, A.F., Vane, G., Solomon, J.E., and Rock, B.N., Imaging spectrometry for earth remote sensing .Science, 1985, 228 (4704), 1147-1153.
Ben-Dor, E., Schlafer, D., Plaza, A.J. and Malthus, T., Hyper-spectral remote sensing. In Airborne Measurements for Environmental Research: Methods and Instruments (eds Wendisch, M. and Brenguier, J.L.), 2013, pp.413-456.
Literature cited 2: Heiden, U., Segl, K.Roessner, S. and Kaufmann, H., Determination of robust spectral features for identification of urban surface materials in hyperspectral remote sensing data .Remote Sensing Environ., 2007, 111 (4), 537-552.
Horig, B., Kuhn, F., Oschutz, F. and Lehmann, F., HyMap hyperspectral remote sensing to detect hydrocarbons.Int.J.Remote Sensing, 2001, 22 (8), 1413-1422.
ID: 63249
Title: Characterization and retrieval of snow and urban land cover parameters using hyper spectral imaging
Author: S.K. Singh, Gaurav Jain, Asfa Siddiqui, Smruti Naik, B.P. Rathore, Vaibhav Garg, Snehmani, Vinay Kumar, I.M. Bahuguna, S.A. Sharma, Chander Shekhar, Praveen K. Thakur, Kavach Mishra, Pramod Kumar, T.H. Painter and J. Dozier.
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2019
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 116 (7) 1182-1195 (2019)
Subject: Characterization and retrieval of snow and urban land cover parameters using hyper spectral imaging
Keywords: AVIRIS-NG, hyperspectral imaging, snow reflectance, super-resolution method, terrain parameters, urban land cover.
Abstract: Snow and urban land cover are important due to their role in hydrological management and utility, climate response, social aspects and economic viability, along with influencing the Earth’s environment at local, regional and global scale. Hyperspectral data enable identification, characterization and retrieval of these land-cover features based on physical and chemical properties of compositional materials. AVIRIS-NG hyperspectral airborne data, with synchronous ground observations using field spectroradiometer and collateral instruments , were collected over two widely varied land-vover types, viz. a relatively homogeneous area covered by snow in the extreme cold environment of the Himalaya (Bhaga sub-basin, Himachal Pradesh), and a completely heterogeneous urban area of a metropolitan city (Ahmadabad, Gujarat).
AVIRIS-NG airborne data were analysed to understand the effect of terrain parameters such as slope and aspect on snow reflectance. Snow grain index using visible and near-infrared (VNIR) bands and absorption peak in the near-infrared (NIR) were used to retrieve grain size in parts of the Himalayan region. A radiative transfer model was used to understand the grain size variability and its effect on absorption peak in NIR. Continuum removal was performed for snow spectral observations obtained from airborne, modelled and field platforms to estimate band depth at 1030 nm. Grain size was observed to vary with altitude from 100 to 500 μm using AVIRIS-NG image. In the urban area, the data also separated pervious and impervious surface cover using spectral unmixing technique , identified several urban features over multispectral data such as buildings with red tiled roofs, metallic surfaces and tarpaulin sheets using the material spectral profiles. Two single-frame super-resolution methods namely sparse regression and natural prior (SRP) , and gradient profile prior (GPP) were applied on AVIRIS-NG data for the mixed environment around Kankaria Lake in the city of Ahmedabad, which revealed that SRP method was better than GPP, and affirmed by eight indices. Preliminary analysis of AVIRIS-NG imaging over snow-covered areas and densely populated cities indicated utility of future space borne hyperspectral missions, particularly for hydrological and climatological applications in such diverse environments.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Kulkarni, A.V., Singh, S.K., Mathur, P. and Mishra, V.D., Algorithm to monitor scow cover using AWiFS data of RESOURCESAT-1 for the Himalayan region. Int. J. Remote Sensing, 2006, 27, 2449-2457.
Hall, D.K., Riggs, G.A., Salomonson, V.V., DiGirolamo, N. And Bayr, K.J., MODIS snow cover products. Remote Sensing Environ. 2002, 83, 1181-194.
Literature cited 2: Singh, S.K., Rathore, B.P., Bahuguna, I.M. and Ajai, Snow cover variability in the Himalayan-Tibetrtan region. Int. J. Climatol., 2014, 34, 446-452; doi: 10.1002/joc.3687.
Rathore, B.P. et al. Trends of snow cover in Western and West Central Himalayas during 2004-2014.Curr.Sci., 2018, 114 (25), 800-807.
ID: 63248
Title: Water quality assessment of river Ganga and Chilika lagoon using AVIRIS-NG hyperspectral data
Author: S. chander, Ashwin Gujarati, K. Abdul Hakeem, Vaibhav Garg, Annie Maria Issac, Pankaj R.Dote, Vinay Kumar and Arvind Sahay
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2019
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 116 (7) 1172-1181 (2019)
Subject: Water quality assessment of river Ganga and Chilika lagoon using AVIRIS-NG hyperspectral data
Keywords: Hyperspectral data, remote sensing reflectance, semi-analytical algorithms, spectroradiometer
Abstract: Remote sensing is a vital tool to assess water quality parameters in water bodies like rivers, lakes, estuaries and lagoons. All these fall under the category of optically complex waters (case 2), where water-leaving radiance is affected by optically active water constituents and bottom substrate. The present study estimates water quality parameters, viz. turbidity, suspended sediment concentration and chlorophyll in River Ganga in Buxar (Bihar) and Howrah (West Bengal) and Chilika lagoon (Odisha) using hyperspectral reflectance data of AVIRIS-NG. Concurrent ground-truth data of water samples were collected, and simultaneous spectro-radiometer measurements were made in synchronous with the AVIRIS-NG flight over the study area. Semi-analytical simulation modelling followed by inversion and contextual image analysis-based methods were used for estimating the water quality parameters. Water turbidity maps were generated for both the study sites. Over Gange river, water was relatively clear in Buxar (6.87-20 NTU, TSS 42-154 mg/l), while it was extremely turbid in Howrah (50-175 NTU, TSS 75-450 mg/l). In Chilika lagoon, water was more turbid in the northern sector, which may be due to the river input and resuspension from shallow bathymetry. The results suggest that the small-scale changes in turbidity due to point sources like river tributaries or sewerage discharges can be identified using hyper spectral data. The imaging spectroscopy data over water are a key source to find out potential locations of water contamination.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Ritchie, J.C., ZAimba, P.V. and Everitt, J.H., Remote sensing techniques to assess water quality. Photogram. Eng. Remote Sensing, 2003, 69, 695-704.
Agarwal, A., Pandey R.S and Sharma, B., Water pollution with special reference to pesticide contamination in India.J.Water Resour.Prot., 2010, 2, 432-448.
Literature cited 2: Lee, Z., Carder, K.L., Mobley, C.D., Steward, R.G., and Patch, J., S., Hyperspectral remote sensing for shallow waters: 2 Deriving bottom depths and water properties by optimization. Appl. Opt., 1999, 38, 3831-3843.
Trivedi R.C., Water quality of the Ganga River-an overview.Aquat.Ecosyst.Health Manage. 2010, 13 (4), 347-351.