ID: 52222
Title: Coastal ecosystem and management in India: An overview
Author: R.Ramesh and R.Purvaja
Editor: Dr. E.P.Yesodharan
Year: 2009
Publisher: ENVIS Centre, KSCSTE, 2-3 April 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Proceedings of National Seminar on Coastal ecosystem management & evaluation workshop of South Indian ENVIS centres, 2-3 April 2009
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: Kumta Field Station
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52221
Title: Common Property Resources: Concepts and Country Experiences
Author: None
Editor: P. Balaram
Year: 2009
Publisher: Current Science Association, Vol 97, No 10, 25 November 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Current Science
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52220
Title: Desertification/land degradation status mapping of India
Author: Ajai, A.S.Arya, P.S.Dhinwa, S.K.Pathan and K.Ganesh Raj
Editor: P. Balaram
Year: 2009
Publisher: Current Science Association, Vol 97, No 10, 25 November 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Current Science
Keywords: A WiFS, desertification, dry lands, IRS-P6-resourcesat, land degradation
Abstract: Desertification is the process of land degradation in arid, semi-arid and dry-subhumid areas. This communication describes the classification system, methodology and the results of desertification and land degradation status mapping carried out for the entire country on 1:500,000 scale using multi-temporal Resourcesat AWiFS data. The dominant processes of land degradation, viz. water erosion, vegetal degradation, wind erosion, salinization/alkalization, water logging, frost shattering, mass movement, etc. have been deciphered and mapped using satellite data. The study reveals that 105.48 mha area of the country is undergoing processes of land degradation (32.07% of the total geographic area of the country). Area undergoing desertification is 81.4 mha.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52219
Title: Impact of offshore placer mining experiments (PLAMEX) on the sediment size and heavy minerals
Author: Anil B. Valsangkar and Domnica Fernandes
Editor: P. Balaram
Year: 2009
Publisher: Current Science Association, Vol 97, No 10, 25 November 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Current Science
Keywords: Environmental impact, grain size, heavy minerals, offshore mining, placer
Abstract: Two offshore placer mining experiments (PLAMEX) were conducted using submersible pumps specially designed by Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute (CMERI), Durgapur at 8 m water depth in Kalbadevi Bay (PLAMEX-I), Ratnagiri, Maharashtra, and off Paradip (PLAMEX-II), Orissa, to determine the effects on sediment grain size and heavy mineral assemblages. The PLAMEX-I results for the sediments off Kalbadevi Bay showed no major effects on the average sand, silt and clay, grain size, and the heavy mineral percentages. The PLAMEX-II results for the sediments off Paradip showed mixed effects due to the dynamic environmental conditions.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52218
Title: Observed changes in water mass properties in the Indian Sundarbans (northwestern Bay of Bengal) during 1980-2007
Author: Abhijit Mitra, Avijit Gangopadhyay, Anumeha Dube, Andre C.K.Schmidt and Kakoli Banerjee
Editor: P. Balaram
Year: 2009
Publisher: Current Science Association, Vol 97, No 10, 25 November 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Current Science
Keywords: Bay of Bengal, climate change, deglaciation, hydrological parameters, Indian Sundarbans
Abstract: We present evidence that the Indian Sundarbans is experiencing the effects of climate change over the last three decades. Observations of selected variables, such as the surface water temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, and transparency show significant long-term variation over a period of 27 years (1980-2007). Specifically, the temperature in these waters has risen at the rate of 0.5oC per decade, much higher than that observed globally or for the Indian Ocean. Increasing melting of Himalayan ice might have decreased the salinity at the mouth of the Ganges River, at the western end of this deltaic complex. At the same time, salinity has increased on the eastern sector, where the connections to the meltwater sources have become extinct due to heavy siltation of the Bidyadhari Channel. The long-term changes in dissolved oxygen, pH level, transparency and water quality are also examined. The ecological impact of such changes warrants future study.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52217
Title: Management of Lantana, an invasive alien weed, in forest ecosystem of India
Author: Amit Love, Suresh Babu and C.R.Babu
Editor: P. Balaram
Year: 2009
Publisher: Current Science Association, Vol 97, No 10, 25 November 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Current Science
Keywords: Cut rootstock method, ecological restoration, Lantana, Soil seed bank, weeding
Abstract: Lantana is one of the world ' s worst weeds of South American origin that threatens native biodiversity of forest ecosystems across India. It was introduced into India as a garden ornamental and or a biohedge plant in the early part of the 19th century and now it has virtually invaded all the tropical and subtropical regions of India. Although attempts have been made to control Lantana by physical, chemical and biological methods, there is no sucess either in its control or the prevention of its spread. No effective management strategy is yet available for the containment of this obnoxious alien weed. On the basis of critical assessment of the biological and ecological attributes of Lantana that enabled it to overcome all the existing managment practices, we have developed a new management strategy. The new strategy involves (i) its removal by cut rootstock method, (ii) weeding of saplings from beneath the trees used for perching by generalist birds that disperse the seeds throughout their home range and from surface drainage channels originating from the area covered by such trees and (iii) ecological restoration of weed-free landscapes, preferably to grassland, or forest communities according to the needs of stakeholders to prevent reinvasion of the same species or secondary invasion by another alien species. The new stratergy developed has been implemented successfully in demonstration plots of 2-5 hectares at the Corbett Tiger Reserve (Uttarakhand), Kalesar National Park (Haryana) and Satpura Tiger Reserve ( Mandhya Pradesh). The advantage of the new management strategy over other control methods currently used are: (i) cost effectiveness, (ii) simple and easy to adopt and (iii) ensures successful control of Lantana without using chemicals and exotic biological control agents, and with minimum disturbance of soil.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52216
Title: Relocation of villages in Sariska Tiger Reserve
Author: Tanushree Srivastava
Editor: P. Balaram
Year: 2009
Publisher: Current Science Association, Vol 97, No 10, 25 November 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Current Science
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52215
Title: Climate Change: Uncertain Science, Certain Controversy
Author: P.Balaram
Editor: P. Balaram
Year: 2009
Publisher: Current Science Association, Vol 97, No 10, 25 November 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Current Science
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52214
Title: A matching algorithm for detecting land use changes using case-based reasoning
Author: Xia Li, Anthony Gar-On Yeh, Jun-ping Qian, Bin Ai, and Zhixin Qi
Editor: Russell G Congalton
Year: 2009
Publisher: ASPRS, Vol 75, No 11, November 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing
Keywords: SAR, Radarsat images, genetic alogrithm
Abstract: The paper deals with change detection using time series SAR images. SAR provides a unique opportunity for detecting land-use changes within short intervals (e.g. monthly) in tropical and sub-tropical regions with cloud cover. Traditional change detection methods mainly rely of per-pixel spectral information but ignore per-object structural information. In this study, a new method is presented that integrates object-oriented analysis with case-based reasoning (CBR) for change detection. Object-oriented analysis is carried out to retrieve a variety of features, such as tone, shape, texture, area and context. An incremental segmentation technique is proposed for deriving change objects from multi-temporal Radarsat images. Feature selection based on genetic alogrithms is carried out to determine the optimal set of features for change detection. A CBR matching alogrithm is developed to identify the temporal positions and the kind of changes. It is based on the weighted K-Nearest Neighbor classification using an accumulative similarity measure. The comparison of the four combinations of change detection methods, object-based or pixel-based plus case-based or rule-based, is carried out to validate the performance of this proposed method. The analysis shows that this integrated approach has provided an efficient way to detecting land-use changes at monthly intervals by using multi-temporal SAR images.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52213
Title: Analysis of dynamic thresholds for the normalized difference water index
Author: Lei Ji, Li Zhang, and Bruce Wylie
Editor: Russell G Congalton
Year: 2009
Publisher: ASPRS, Vol 75, No 11, November 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing
Keywords: Normalized difference water index (NDWI), shortwave-infrared (SWIR), SPOT-5, ASTER,Landsat ETM+, MODIS
Abstract: The normalized difference water index (NDWI) has been successfully used to delineate surface water features. However, two major problems have been often encountered: (a) NDWIS calculated from different band combinations [visible, near-infrared, or shortwave-infrared (SWIR)] can generate different results, and (b) NDWI thresholds vary depending on the proportions of subpixel water/non-water components. We need to evaluate all the NDWIs for determining the best performing index and to establish appropriate thresholds for clearly identifying water features. We used the spectral data obtained from a spectral library to simulate the satellite sensors Landsat ETM+, SPOT-5, ASTER, and MODIS, and calculated the simulated NDWI in different forms. We found that the NDWI calculated from (green-SWIR)/(green + SWIR), where SWIR is the shorter wavelength region (1, 2 to 1.8 ?m), has the most stable threshold. We recommend this NDWI be employed for mapping water, but adjustment of the threshold based on actual situations is necessary.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52212
Title: Adaptive registration of remote sensing images using supervised learning
Author: Line Eikvil, Marit Holden, and Ragnar Bang Huseby
Editor: Russell G Congalton
Year: 2009
Publisher: ASPRS, Vol 75, No 11, November 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing
Keywords: learning-based strateg, algorithm, RMS
Abstract: This paper describes a system for co-registration of time series satellite images which uses a learning-based strategy. During a training phase, the system learns to recognize regions in an image suited for registration. It also learns the relationship between image characteristics and registration performance for a set of different registration algorithms. This enables intelligent selection of an appropriate registration algorithm for each region in the image, while regions unsuited for registration can be discarded. The approach is intended for co-registration of sequences of images acquired from identical or similar earth observation sensors. It has been tested for such sequences from different types of sensors, both optical and radar, with varying resolution. For images with moderate differences in content, the registration accuracy is, in general, good with an RMS error of one pixel or less.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52211
Title: Large area scene selection interface (LASSI): Methodology of selecting Landsat imagery for the Global Land Survey 2005
Author: Shannon Franks, Jeffrey G.Masek, Rachel M.K.Headley, John Gasch, and Terry Arvidson
Editor: Russell G Congalton
Year: 2009
Publisher: ASPRS, Vol 75, No 11, November 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing
Keywords: The Global Land Survey (GLS), U.S.Geological Survey (USGS),Large Area Scene Selection Interface (LASSI),Scan Line Corrector (SLC)
Abstract: The Global Land Survey (GLS) 2005 is a cloud-free, orthorectified collection of Landsat imagery acquired during the 2004 to 2007 epoch intended to support global land-cover and ecological monitoring. Due to the numerous complexities in selecting imagery for the GLS2005, NASA and the U.S.Geological Survey (USGS) sponsored the development of an automated scene selection tool, the Large Area Scene Selection Interface (LASSI), to aid in the selection of imagery for this data set. This innovative approach to scene selection applied a user-defined weighting system to various scene parameters: image cloud cover, image vegetation greenness, choice of sensor, and the ability of the Landsat-7 Scan Line Corrector (SLC)-off pair to completely fill image gaps, among others. The parameters considered in scene selection were weighted according to their relative importance to the data set, along with the algorithm ' s sensitivity to that weight. This paper describes the methodology and analysis that established the parameter weighting strategy, as well as the post-screening processes used in selecting the optimal data set for GLS2005.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52210
Title: Assessment of 2001 NLCD percent Tree and Impervious Cover estimates
Author: Eric J. Greenfield, David J.Nowak, and Jeffrey T.Walton
Editor: Russell G Congalton
Year: 2009
Publisher: ASPRS, Vol 75, No 11, November 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing
Keywords: National Land Cover Database (NLCD), tree cover,
Abstract: The 2001 National Land Cover Database (NLCD) tree and impervious cover maps provide an opportunity to extract basic land-cover information helpful for natural resource assessments. To determine the potential utility and limitations of the 2001 NLCD data, this exploratory study compared 2001 NLCD-derived values of overall percent tree and impervious cover within geopolitical boundaries with aerial photo interpretation - derived values for the same areas. Results of the comparison reveal that NLCD underestimates tree cover and to a lesser extent, underestimates impervious cover. The underestimate appears to be consistent across the conterminous United States with no statistical differences among regions. However, there were statistical differences in the degree of underestimation of tree cover among mapping zones and of impervious cover by population density class.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52209
Title: Feasibility of Gurpur river at Malavoor as a sink for Bajpe town domestic waste disposal- A case study
Author: K.S.Babu Narayan, J.Pradeep Kumar, Subhash C.Yaragal and S.Shrihari
Editor: Dr. R.K.Trivedy
Year: 2009
Publisher: Enviro Media, Vol 28 (2), 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: BOD, COD, reaeration, deoxygenation constant, Streeter Phelps Model
Abstract: Mangalore is one of the fast growing cities in Karnataka with improved infrastructure taking place in recent days. In view of rapid development in and around Mangalore city, the sub urban or rural areas around the city have started developing at a rapid rate. One such place is Bajpe where the town is growing very fast due to the expansion of activity of Bajpe Airport and upcoming SEZ projects. An attempt has been made to find out the load on River Gurupur, if the Bajpe town domestic waste is assumed to be disposed to River Gurupur at Malavoor bridge point downstream without any treatment. Experiments were conducted to find the parameters used to find out the dissolved oxygen (DO) consumption and replenishment in the river body using BOD-DO river quality model developed by Streeter-Phelps (1925). Model formulation, analysis and the results obtained are discussed in the paper.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52208
Title: Arsenic trioxide induced protein content of a freshwater teleost fish, Amblyphryngodon mola
Author: A.D.Shelke and G.P.Wani
Editor: Dr. R.K.Trivedy
Year: 2009
Publisher: Enviro Media, Vol 28 (2), 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Arsenic trioxide, Protein content and Amblypharyngodon mola
Abstract: Developmental activities of industrialization and urbanization are depleting the natural resources of our environmental, resulting in environment degradation. Heavy metal contamination, being a major concern of chemical pollution poses a serious threat to aquatic ecosystems because of their properties and potential for bioaccumulation. In the present investigation effect of Arsenic trioxide on the total protein contents of liver and gonads of a freshwater teleost fish, Amblypharyngodon mola was studied. The fishes were exposed to 1.4557 ppm. Arsenic trioxide as acute treatment and 0.2911 ppm as chronic exposure to Arsenic trioxide protein contents were decreased in liver and gonads tissue during exposure periods.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None