ID: 52267
Title: Assessment of detergent activity of streptococcus sp. ASO2 protease isolated from soil of Sahastradhara, Doon valley, Uttarakhand , India
Author: Ananya Shukla, Akshat Rana, Lokendra Kumar, Balvinder Singh and Debashish Ghosh
Editor: P.K Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2009
Publisher: Global Science Publications, India, Vol 11, No 3, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Detergent, Protease, streptococcus sp, Temperature, washing
Abstract: Proteases are typical enzymes that are being investigated for their potential usage in many areas of application, such as detergent, brewing meat, photography, leather and dairy. A large number of proteases have been purified and characterized from bacteria and few from fungi. Bacteria were isolated from the soil sample collected from Sahastradhara, Doon Valley. Protease producing microorganisms were screened through activity zone method. Protease activity was checked spectrophotometrically using azocasein dye as a substrate. The producer was biochemically designed as Streptococcus sp. The maximum enzyme production was obtained at 72 h. Temperature optima was found to be 70oC and pH optima was 9.0. The enzyme production was not affected with the use of antifoam. The enzyme completely lost its activity with 4mM EDTA. The compatibility of the enzyme was studied with commercial and local detergents in the presence of 10mM CaCl2 and 1M glycine. The addition of 10mM CaCl2 and 1M glycine, individually and in combination, was found to be very effective in improving the enzyme stability where it retained 50% activity even after 3 hours. This enzyme also had a improved the cleaning power. It removed stains completely when used with detergents in the presence of 10mM CaCl2 and 1M glycine.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52266
Title: Efficacy of GA and IAA for vegetable yield and uptake of macronutrients (P and K) in spinach (Spinacia)
Author: H.K.Singh and A.N.Maury
Editor: P.K Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2009
Publisher: Global Science Publications, India, Vol 11, No 3, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: GA, IAA, Spinach, Macronutrients
Abstract: Spinach is a common vegetable plant cultivated throughout the year in the agricultural farms and kitchen gardens as well for its fleshy, green leaves. It is also grown in areas of coal-smoke pollution along the thermal power stations. The coal-smoke pollutants caused considerable damage to the vegetable matter which showed reduction to the extent of 66.9%. Ameliorative effects of the growth hormone doses of GA: H1 (2 ppm), H2 (5 ppm), H3 (10 ppm) and H4 (20 ppm) and IAA : H1 (5 ppm), H2 (10 ppm), H3 (25 ppm), H4 (50 ppm) on the vegetable yield and teh nutrient content of phosphorus and potassium were studied. Phosphorus in the vegetable matter under GA and IAA was mobilized to significantly lower extent at UPS as compared to its reverse trend recorded at PS with non-significantly higher values. H1 of GA was the only treatment that exhibited significant increase in P (0.411%) over the control (0.311%). Potassium in the spinach shoot, in contrast to phosphorus, showed significantly higher contents, 5.8% (P=5) at H3 and 6.4% (P>50) at H4 of GA over 3.95% of the control. IAA was equally effective on the mobilization of the nutrient. The mobilization of the organic food (photosynthates) along with K reached to their highest levels Le. 187.9% and 62% respectively, both at H4 of GA . P mobilization got hampered under the two hormones at UPS. But it was significantly enhanced to 32.1% in HI dose of GA-applied plants at PS. This study, therefore, reveals that vegetable yield and nutrient content, particularly K in GA and IAA-applied plants, can be safely harvested at enhanced levels under the ambient atmospheric environment at PS facing considerable levels of air pollutants.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52265
Title: Antibacterial potential and GC-MS analysis of aqueous and ethonolic extracts of Asteracantha longifolia and Andrographis paniculata
Author: N.Abirami, V.Shanmuga Raju, K.Rajathi and A.Mahalakshmi Priya
Editor: P.K Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2009
Publisher: Global Science Publications, India, Vol 11, No 3, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Antibacterial acitivity, Asteracantha longifolia, Andrographis paniculata
Abstract: The aqueous and ethanolic extract of Asteracantha longifolia and Andrographis paniculata was subjected to antibacterial screening using clinical isolates of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium, Klebsiella aeruginosa, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Yersinia entercolitica, Streptococcus pyrogens, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus lentus, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cereus. Minimum inhibitory concentration of the extract was performed by broth dilution technique against the bacterial strains. The ethanolic extract of both the plants Asteracantha longifolia and Andrographis paniculata showed the maximal antibacterial activity and the chemical constituents present in the leaf ethanolic extract of the plants were analysed by GC-MS. The present study indicates the potential usefulness of Asteracantha longifolia and Andrographis paniculata in the treatment of various pathogenic diseases.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52264
Title: Production and enzyme activity of an extracellular amylase from Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus oryzae and Bacillus subtilis
Author: B.A.Aglave, P.P.Lele, M.O.Lokhande and R.S.Pagare
Editor: P.K Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2009
Publisher: Global Science Publications, India, Vol 11, No 3, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Amylase, enzyme activity, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus oryzae, Bacillus subtilis
Abstract: The study of amylase production were carried out with Bacillus subtilis bacterial and Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus oryzae fungal organism. The Bacillus were cultured in a mineral medium containing yeast extract, peptone, MgSO4, NaCl, CaCl2 and Aspergillus were cultured in a mineral medium incorporated with glucose, glycerol and yeast extract. The minerals in media shortened the lag phase greatly and improved the growth and amylase synthesis. The optimum temperature and pH for activity were 40oC and 7.0 respectively. The addition of substrate concentration at 1% exhibits maximum amylase activity.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52263
Title: Diversity and antimicrobial potential of actinomycetes from rhizosphere of Hibiscus rosasinensis
Author: S.Karthick Raja Namasivayam and T.V.Swathi
Editor: P.K Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2009
Publisher: Global Science Publications, India, Vol 11, No 3, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Actinomycetes, rhizosphere, antimicrobial activity
Abstract: Five actinomycetes belonging to micromonospora, streptomyces, arthrobactor, actinomyces and nocardia were isolated from rhizosphere of Hibiscus rosasinensis and their inhibitory activity against human pathogenic bacteria such as E.coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Serratia marcesens yeast viz Candida alhicans was studied in the present study . Among the five genera, Micromonospora sp was found to be dominant followed by Streptomyces sp. The antimicrobial activity was recorded in all the genera except Nocardia and Arthrobactor. Maximum antibacterial and antifungal activity was observed in Streptomyces and Micromonospora.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52262
Title: Age associated alterations in acetylcholinesterase and modulatory effect of Bacopa monniera (Linn) on brain of mice
Author: Meena M.Pillai, Shreya R. Vora and Rahul B.Patil
Editor: P.K Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2009
Publisher: Global Science Publications, India, Vol 11, No 3, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Bacopa monniera, Brain, acetylcholinesterase, peroxidation , aging
Abstract: Bacopa monniera (Linn.) commonly known as Brahmi is well known as medhyarasayana in the traditional system of Ayurveda. It is used to improve memory and intellect since long. It has also been suggested that Brahmi is helpful in treating the nervous disorders related with aging. The present investigation deals with the study of effect of Brahmi on activity of acetyl cholinesterase, in the brain of mice of both sexes during natural aging. It was observed that with the increase in age there was concomitant increase in the level of peroxidation in the brain tissues in both male and female mice. Activity of acetylcholinesterase was found reduced gradually with the advent of age. Treatment of ethanolic extract of Brahmi reduced the peroxidation reactions in brain to a significant level and also elevated the acetylcholinesterase activity in the brain region of male and female mice.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52261
Title: Bacterial degradation of tannery effluent
Author: D.Ramakrishnan, Venkatramalingam K and J.Ronald and S.Shanmugavel
Editor: P.K Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2009
Publisher: Global Science Publications, India, Vol 11, No 3, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Tanneries, Degradation, bacillus, effluent and decolouration
Abstract: Aerobic process is very effective for the degradation of highly toxic tannery effluent. Five bacterial species, Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus badius, Bacillus alvei, Bacillus stearothermophilus and Citrobacter diversus were isolated from the degraded sludge of tannery effluents. The bacterial consortium changed the physicochemical properties of tannery effluent and decolourization upto 55% was observed . The results also showed reduction in BOD, COD, TSS, Chloride, sulphide, sulphate, phenolic compound, chromium and other heavy metals; where as, dissolved oxygen was increased up to three fold.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52260
Title: Rhizosphere mycoflora of some species of myristicaceae of the Western Ghats, India
Author: P.Rama Bhat and K.M.Kaveriappa
Editor: P.K Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2009
Publisher: Global Science Publications, India, Vol 11, No 3, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Rhizosphere mycoflora, Western Ghats, Dominant fungi, Seasonal variation
Abstract: Rhizosphere mycoflora of Gymnacranthera farquhariana, Knema attenuata, Myristica dactyloides, M.fatua var.magnifica and M.malabarica was studied by soil plating and soil dilution methods. The soil samples were collected from the rhizospheres of each tree species in three seasons namely, summer, monsoon and post-monsoon over a period of two years from the forests of Gersoppa, Uttara Kannada district of Karnataka. The physico-chemical parameters such as soil moisture, temperature, pH, EC, OM, elements like N, P, K, Ca, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mg, Na and Zn were analysed using standard procedures. A total of 99 species of fungi were isolated form the rhizosphere of five tree species and 49 species from the non-rhizosphere region. Only six out of 49 species isolated from non-rhizosphere soils were not observed in the rhizosphere soils. However, fifty out of 99 rhizosphere fungal species were not observed in the non-rhizosphere soils. The Sorensen ' s index showed the dissimilarity between the mycoflora of rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil to the extent fo 35-38%. Among the five tree species, a maximum of 73 fungal species were isolated from the rhizosphere of M.fatua var. magnifica followed by 67 species in G.farquhariana, 65 species in K.attenuate, 64 species M.malabarica and 63 species in M.dactyloides. Whereas 37 species were common to the rhizosphere of all the five tree species and 17 species were observed in the rhizosphere of only one of the five tree species. The dissimilarity was 12-28% within five tree species. Season-wise maximum number of fungal species were recorded during monsoon in all plant species and minimum during post-monsoon as well as summer. The physico-chemical parameter of the rhizosphere soil varied in different plant species in different seasons. The dominant genera in terms of number of fungal species were Penicillium and Aspergillus. Trichoderma viride was dominant species in most of the seasons. The rhizosphere effect in the five tree species was in the range of 6.13-25.9 with the maximum (25.9) in Knema attenuata in the post-monsoon season. The rhizosphere fungal population of different seasons in each plant species was correlated with physico-chemical parameters of respective seasons and found that it was significant in some of the seasons or for some parameters only.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52259
Title: Screening of Mallotus phillipinensis for antifungal activity
Author: Maulik P. Suthar, R.K.Patel, Kalindi Hapani and Avani Patel
Editor: P.K Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2009
Publisher: Global Science Publications, India, Vol 11, No 3, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Antifungal, Rottlerin, EUCAST, NCCLS, Mallotus phillipinensis
Abstract: The present study reports antifungal activity of Mallotus phillipinensis. Anti fungal activity was reported against ten fungal species.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52258
Title: A study on the effect of pharmaceutical effluents on the soil and water quality of Kandivalasa Gedda
Author: Y.Avasn Maruthi, S. Ramakrishna Rao, Ch.Syam Kumar and D.Apta Chaitanya
Editor: P.K Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2009
Publisher: Global Science Publications, India, Vol 11, No 3, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Pharmaceutical effluents, Environmental pollution, Water quality Index, Soil
Abstract: An attempt was made to assess the impact of pharmaceutical waste water on both receiving water and soils at Kandivalasa Gedda. The water samples were collected and analyzed for nineteen physico-chemical parameters and the values obtained were compared with standards prescribed by Central pollution control board. Then the corresponding Water Quality Index (WQI) and Correlation Coefficient were worked out for the observed quality parameters. Analysis of results showed that the water samples are unfit for drinking water. Soil samples were analyzed for twelve parameters and results elucidated that soil is not suitable for agriculture practices.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52257
Title: Studies on relationship between length and weight of fish, Poecilia reticulata from water tank of science college, Nanded, Maharashtra, India
Author: K.S.Shillewar, S.S. Nanware and C.S.Bhowate
Editor: P.K Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2009
Publisher: Global Science Publications, India, Vol 11, No 3, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Length weight relationship, Poecilia reticulata
Abstract: The length-weight relationship is the most important aspect in biological studies of fishes. For this study 100 specimens of fish Poecilia reticulata were measured out of them 40 males and 60 were females. It is observed that fish Poecilia reticulata follows the cube law method for determination of relationship between length and weight of fish.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52256
Title: Stages of maturity and spawning periodicity of Notopterus notopterus (Pallas) from Godavari river, Nanded, Maharashtra, India
Author: K.S.Shillewar and S.S.Nanware
Editor: P.K Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2009
Publisher: Global Science Publications, India, Vol 11, No 3, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Notopterus notopterus, Spawing, Godavari river
Abstract: The paper reports a detailed account of maturity and spawnign of Natopterus notopterus.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52255
Title: The ecological impact of anthropogenic activities on the macrobenthic invertebrates of a mangrove creek in the Niger Delta, Nigeria
Author: Blessing J. Oribhabor and Anthony E.Ogbeibu
Editor: P.K Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2009
Publisher: Global Science Publications, India, Vol 11, No 3, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Anthropogenic, Macrobenthic invertebrates, Mangrove creek, Niger Delta, Nigeria
Abstract: A survey of the macrobenthic invertebrates of Buguma Creek, Niger Delta, Nigeria was carried out to evaluate the ecological impact of anthropogenic activities at five stations between November, 2004 and October, 2006. Sixty-eight taxa comprising 365 individuals were recorded during the study, with Arthropoda being the most important phylum in stations 1, 2 and 3, contributing 76%, 65% and 47% respectively. Nematoda (47%) was the most important in station 4 and Annelida (55%) in station 5. Correlation analysis between some environmental factors and macrobenthic invertebrates indicated that salinity could affect their distribution. The overall community of the creek reflects a true brackish water environment, characterized by both fresh water, brackish water and marine species. The higher taxa and densities of stations 1 and 2 were a reflection of less anthropogenic influence, unlike stations 3 to 5 in which the benthic composition had been adversely altered.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52254
Title: Comparative study of Tinea capitis in children of public and private schools in Rivers State, Nigeria
Author: E.C.Wokoma and N.Frank-Peterside
Editor: P.K Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2009
Publisher: Global Science Publications, India, Vol 11, No 3, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Tinea capitis, primary schools, Trichophyton spp, Microsporum spp, Rivers State, Nigeria
Abstract: A comparison of the prevalence and carriage of Tinea capitis was carried out in seven public and seven private primary schools, comprising of 1397 males and 1364 females in two local government areas of Rivers State, Nigeria. Clino-dermatology data was collected and specimens from randomly selected pupils were microscopically examined and cultured on saboraud dextrose agar. Prevalence rate of children screened at schools was 9.85% and 5.26% for public and private schools, respectively, with more cases of dry non-inflamed lesions. More boys were infected in both public and private schools. 45% of the girls in the public schools had Tinea capitis, compared with 37% in the private schools. Clino-dermatology data also indicated that 77% of the infected pupils in a private school used combination (topical and oral) therapy compared with none in a public school. The study further revealed that some pupils in the public school used topical herbal treatments. Five species and three species of etiologic agents were isolated from infected pupils in the public and private schools, respectively. The isolation rate was 5% for Microsporum audouinii, M.canis, Trichophyton soudanense, T.mentagrophytes, and 2.5% for T.tonsurans and T. yaoundei. The implementation of the UNICEF Child-friendly Schools Initiative, which encourages the teachers, pupils and parents to participate in hygiene and sanitation projects in their communities, is recommended.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52253
Title: Pattern of bacterial contamination of wounds at the federal medical centre, Yenagoa; Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Author: N. Frank-Peterside and T. Sampson
Editor: P.K Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2009
Publisher: Global Science Publications, India, Vol 11, No 3, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Bacteria, Wound contamination, Yenagoa
Abstract: Bacteria associated with wound infection in Yenagoa, Nigeria and their antimicrobial susceptibility profile was investigated using standard microbiological techniques. Of the 100 patients investigated, 58 were men and 42 were women. Burn injuries, diabetic wounds, Post Operative Wound Injuries and traumatic wounds were the categories of wound studied. One hundred and one isolates were characterized and identified from the 100 patients. In the overall analysis, S.aureus had the highest frequency (35.6%) E. coli-26.7%, P. aureginosa- 21.8% and Proteus; 15.8%. The sensitivity result obtained showed that 69.3% of the isolates were sensitive to colostrin sulphae (polymyxin E) and the highest level of resistance was to Ampicillin - 26.7%. There was a high level of resistance. This study highlights the predominant bacterial pathogens among the infected wounds in our locality.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None