ID: 52522
Title: Bioaccumulation of Fe, Pb and Hg in two populations of the estuarine catfish, Mystus gulio (Hamilton)
Author: J.Kasthuri and K.R.Chandran
Editor: Dr.R.K.Trivedy
Year: 2009
Publisher: Enviro Media, Vol 28 (3), 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Bioaccumulation, Mystus gulio, Metal load
Abstract: Examination of various tissues of two populations of Mystus gulio for metal load (Fe, Pb and Hg), during chronic experimentation revealed that the liver seemed to be the favourite site for metal load and vice versa in muscle tissue. Of the various metals, Fe seemed to show the highest level followed by Pb and Hg. A comparison of metal load in various size groups of control fish revealed the highest level in mature, lowest in fingerling and in between in immature. Besides, a comparison at population level for both the control and experimental revealed the higher level of metal, always in Kovalam population.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52521
Title: Haematological parameters of two populations of the estuarine catfish, Mystus gulio (Hamilton) on exposure to Fe, Pb and Hg
Author: J.Kasthuri and M.R.Chandran
Editor: Dr.R.K.Trivedy
Year: 2009
Publisher: Enviro Media, Vol 28 (3), 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Mystus gulio, Haematological parameters, Metal toxicity
Abstract: Monitoring haematological parameters of two populations of Mystus gulio on exposure to Fe, Pb and Hg revealed that the total erythrocyte count (TEC) appears to exhibit an increasing trend; differential leukocyte count (DLC) on the other hand, shows a decreasing trend irrespective of the populations. However, the hierarchy of metal toxicity seems to be Fe<Pb<Hg for Kovalam and Pb>Hg>Fe for Muthupet populations. Futher, a comparison between the population indicates immunosuppression in the case of control and experimental of Kovalam and Muthupet populations respectively. This may probably be due to the pre-exposure of the Kovalam population to metals in its captive form should have immunized them.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52520
Title: Biopotential activity of the extract isolated from intertidal crab Leptodius exaratus from Mumbai Nariman point coast
Author: Gautam V. Zodape and B.G.Kulkarni
Editor: Dr.R.K.Trivedy
Year: 2009
Publisher: Enviro Media, Vol 28 (3), 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Biopotential activity, Leptodius exaratus, Intertidal crab, Saxitoxin
Abstract: The crab Leptodius exaratus collected from the Nariman point coast of Mumbai (India) was evaluated for the presence of bioactive compounds. The whole crab and its different parts of the body such as carapace, hepatopancreas and other body tissues were crushed and extracted into methanol and acetic acid separately and were freed from fat by difating with dichloromethane. The fat free extracts were used for bioactivity study on pathogenic and nonpathogenic bacteria as well as on some animals like cockroaches, rice weevils, mosquito larvae and fishes. The growth of bacteria was found to be inhibited after 24 hrs of incubation. The dimeter of zone if inhibition were found to be Pseudomonas> E coli> Vibro collarae>Stephalococcus aureus. The effect of the crab extracts were evaluated in terms of % mortality in case of cockroaches, rice weevils, mosquito larvae and fishes. It was observed that in case of rice weevils and cockroaches the 100% mortality was observed with 0.1% concentration of the extracts. But in case of fish 100% mortality was noticed after exposure of the crude extract of the crab in the range of 3-5 % concentration after exposure to 96 hrs. However no effect was observed on the mosquito larvae even after the exposure to 96 hrs. at a concentration of 0.1 to 5.00%. These results concluded that the crab Leptodius exaratus contains some bioactive toxin molecules.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52519
Title: Municipal Solid Waste Management at Varanasi (U.P), India
Author: Priti Pandey
Editor: Dr.R.K.Trivedy
Year: 2009
Publisher: Enviro Media, Vol 28 (3), 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Solid waste, Landfill gas technology, Composting, Biomethanation, Incineration
Abstract: The result of chemical analysis of MSW shows variation in are samples collected from different zones. The analysis result of samples collected from industrial zone and dumping site shows presence of heavy metals, such as Ni, Cr, Pb, Zn, Cu etc. Varanasi is fact growing city, having a population of 16 lacs. About 75% of population under Municipal Corporation of Varanasi is a attended regularly for sweeping. It generates 690 tonne of MSW per day @ 538 gm/capita per day. Unscientific method of disposal is causing environment pollution. Preliminary studies show that treatment of waste by land fill gas technology, composting or biomethanation is financially viable option, however, incineration is still economically non viable.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52518
Title: Anthropogenic indudced changes in nutrient status and primary productivity of a tributary of the river Ganga in Bihar
Author: Gajendra Kumar Singh
Editor: Dr.R.K.Trivedy
Year: 2009
Publisher: Enviro Media, Vol 28 (3), 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Nutrient, Primary productivity, River ganga
Abstract: Nutrient status and primary productivity of a tributary of the river Ganga at anthropogenic pressure zone and non-pressure zone were studied (April 2005-March 2007 at monthly interval). Nitrate, phosphate and potassium levels were high at anthropogenic pressure zone. The primary productivity was also high in this zone due to high nutrient levels which stimulates growth and abundance of phytoplankton. Analysis of variance showed that anthropogenic pressure zone is significantly different from non-anthropogenic pressure zone in respect to nutrient status and productivity.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52517
Title: Effect of treated tannery effluent on biochemical characteristics of certain tree species
Author: M.R.Rajan
Editor: Dr.R.K.Trivedy
Year: 2009
Publisher: Enviro Media, Vol 28 (3), 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Treated Tannery effluent, biochemical characteristics, Tree species '
Abstract: The present study deals with the effect of treated tannery effluent on biochemical characteristics of certain salinity tolerant tree species such as Acacia auriculiformis, Acacia holosericea, Ailantus excelsa, Chloroxylon sweitenia, Dalbergia sissoo, Eucalyptus gobulus, Peltophorum ferrungineum and Pongamia pinnata grown for a period of 2 years. Physico-chemical characteristics of treated effluent was found to be higher than BIS standards. In biochemical study all pigments (Chl-a,b Total chl.and carotenoids) contents were decreased in treated plants except anthocyanin. Major molecules carbohydrate and protein content was decreased. In enzymatic study, nitrate reductase activity decreased in treated plants. Amino acid content increased in treated plants when compard to the control plants.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52516
Title: Impact of vehicular exhaust on aerofungi
Author: M.Dorcas, Sai Bhavani and S.K.Sivarani
Editor: Dr.R.K.Trivedy
Year: 2009
Publisher: Enviro Media, Vol 28 (3), 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Vehicular exhaust, aerofungi, air pollution
Abstract: In the present study an effort is made to assess the mycoflora present in traffic dense areas. It was found that the vehicular exhaust supports more of the saprophytic fungi. Aspergillus, Curvularia and Fusarium were dominant species.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52515
Title: Air quality index centered analysis of ambient air in Mysore city
Author: C.Hemavathi and Shobha Jagannath
Editor: Dr.R.K.Trivedy
Year: 2009
Publisher: Enviro Media, Vol 28 (3), 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Ambient air quality, Air quality index, Mysore
Abstract: Air quality monitoring was conducted in 5 traffic circles in Mysore city and the quality of air was assessed using Air Quality Index (AQI). The suspended particulate matter, sulphur di oxide and oxides of nitrogen were analyzed during rainy, winter and summer seasons. The air monitoring studies revealed all the parameters to be within the permissible limit except suspended particulate matter at Metropole circle (867 ?g/m3) during rainy season, Canara Bank circle during rainy (928 ?g/m3) and winter season (798 ?g/m3) and Highway circle during winter (567 ?g/m3) season. Correspondingly A.Q.I was found to be moderate air pollution during winter season. Highway circle showed moderate air pollution during winter seasons. Significantly the extent of air pollution varied from light to heavy air pollution in all the given traffic intersections under study due to lack of preventive measures. It exceeded the permissible limits of Metropole canara bank circle, highway circle during rainy; rain and winter; and winter seasons respectively. Corresponding AQI rating at these circles showed heavy air pollution during rain and winter seasons.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52514
Title: Study of physico-chemical parameters of waste water from dyeing units in Agra city
Author: Garima Sharma and Raju V. John
Editor: Dr.R.K.Trivedy
Year: 2009
Publisher: Enviro Media, Vol 28 (3), 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Phsico-chemical parameters, small dyeing units effluents, health-impacts
Abstract: The present study was undertaken on the physico-chemical parameters of wastewater from different dyeing units in Agra city, India. Standard procedures were adopted to calculate the physical properties and trace elements in water samples. Wastewater was analyzed for various water qualities like pH, TDS, Alkalinity, Hardness, COD, Sulphate, Na+, K+ etc. The results arrived were compared with Indian Standards for drinking water to check out their pollution level. Elements and their impact to health of humans are discussed. The results from the analysis of dyeing wastewater show that most of the parameters were much higher than the MPL and the presence of toxic heavy metals as Pb, Cr, Cd and Zn in the water samples. Hence the flow of this dyeing wastewater into the river causes the serious pollution problems. A perspective of environmental pollution associated with various dyeing units and its remedies are described.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52513
Title: Effect of idol immersion on water quality of twin lakes of Bhopal with special reference to heavy metals
Author: A. Bajpai, A.Vyas, N.Verma and D.D.Mishra
Editor: Dr.R.K.Trivedy
Year: 2009
Publisher: Enviro Media, Vol 28 (3), 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Contamination, Heavy metal, lake, idol immersion, sedimentation
Abstract: Water is teh basic and primary need of all the vital life processes and it is now well established that the life first arose in aquatic environment. Ever since the pre-historic times man has been intimately associated with water and the evidences of past civilization indicates that all historic human settlements were developed around inland freshwater resources. Water resource of the earth is part of a finite close system, when population is rising, the per capita amount of water available is inevitably decreasing. Water quality of lake normally get contaminated every where by accumulation of sediments, human waste, silt, organic matter, industrial waste but in India different type of religious activities (Idol immersion) are taking place every year, to which other countries are not concerned. The water bodies selected for the study are Upper adn Lower lakes of Bhopal, India. The immersion of idols of Lord Ganesh and Goddess Durga during Ganesh Ustav and Navratris festival is a major source of contamination and sedimentation to the lake water. The idols are made up of clay, plaster of Paris, cloth, paper, wood, thermocol, jute, adhesive material and synthetic paints etc. out of the all materials used in making the idol, thermocol is Non-Biodegradable while paints contain heavy metals such as Chromium, Lead, Cadmium and Mercury. The present study was under taken to evaluate heavy metal contamination through this activity. The findings of the study shows an increasing trend of heavy metal after idol immersion, nickel, lead and mercury may magnify in their concentrations at different tropic levels, including in fishes and birds inhabiting the lake, which finally reach the humans through food.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52512
Title: Use of immobilized Phanerochaete chrysosporium on poly urethane foam (Puf) for the reduction of pollutants in Tannery effluent
Author: S.Susithra, Banu Haseeb, R.Lucky and Dawood Nausheen
Editor: Dr.R.K.Trivedy
Year: 2009
Publisher: Enviro Media, Vol 28 (3), 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Tannery effluent, biodegradation, Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Polyurethane Foam (PUF)
Abstract: Phanerochaete chrysosporium a white rot basidiomycetes has been reported to mineralize several aromatic pollutants and has been proposed as an agent for biological waste treatment. The main objective of the present study was the ability to degrade tannery effluent using the immobilized Phanerochaete chrysosporium under aerobic condition. The immobilized carrier using Poly Urethane Foam (PUF), is the most practical and efficient system for degradation. Physico-chemical parameters were analyzed on 5th, 10th and 15th day. Reductions of pollutants occur efficiently on aerobic treatment.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52511
Title: A Study of biochemical parameters, chromosomal aberration and sister chromatid exchange in chromium electroplating industry workers
Author: P.Manju, V.Bhuvaneswari and G.P.Jeyanthi
Editor: Dr.R.K.Trivedy
Year: 2009
Publisher: Enviro Media, Vol 28 (3), 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Chromium electroplating workers, Genotoxicity, Chromosomal Aberration
Abstract: Chromium electroplating industry workers are exposed to a hazardous chemical and physical environment in their work place. An analysis of the various biochemical parameters reflected the extent of damage caused to the health status of the workers. There was a higher frequency of chromosomal aberration and sister chromatid exchange when compared to the control group participants.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52510
Title: Levels of Nitrate, Nitrite and Ammonium in ground and surface waters in Lucknow District, Uttar Pradesh, India
Author: S.K.Rawat and Rana.P.Singh
Editor: Dr.R.K.Trivedy
Year: 2009
Publisher: Enviro Media, Vol 28 (3), 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Ammonium, Drinking water, Nitrate, Nitrite, Surface water
Abstract: This study was undertaken to determine nitrate, nitrite and ammonium levels in drinking and surface waters in Lucknow. Most of the drinking water samples were collected from the areas mainly affected by urbanization, agricultural activities and other human impacted land use. A special attention was paid to those surface water bodies which are getting adequate supply of sewage water or agricultural runoff and possessing abundant growth of macrophytes. The results revealed that the mean levels of nitrate and ammonium were much higher than the maximum permissible levels (45mg/L NO3- and 0.50 mg/L respectively) in most of the drinking water sources, and all the surface water sources showed nitrate and nitrite levels beyond recommended limits (10 mg/L NO3- and 0.06 mg/L respectively).
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52509
Title: Evaluation of ground water quality around the solid waste dumping site in Salem, India
Author: D.Janagam, M.Jeyamani and M.Ramesh Kumar
Editor: Dr.R.K.Trivedy
Year: 2009
Publisher: Enviro Media, Vol 28 (3), 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Solid Wastes, Dumping sites, Groundwater, Contamination, Total Dissolved Solids, Total Hardness (CaCO3), Nitrates (NO3), Chlorides (Cl) and Iron (Fe)
Abstract: The study involves the physio-chemical analysis of water samples collected within a radius of 1/2 km from the municipal solid waste dumping site of Salem. In this paper, to study the effect of dumping site on the ground water quality, samples were collected from bore well and analyzed for various physico-chemical parameters. The results shows higher amount of contamination in the water. The parameters which have been analyzed were Total Dissolved Solid, Total Hardness, Nitrates, Chloride and Iron.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52508
Title: Haema tological changes in the fresh water fish, Channa punctatus due to the effect of Rayon Industry effluents
Author: G.Benarjee, B.Narayana Rao, K.Srikanth and G.Ramu
Editor: Dr.R.K.Trivedy
Year: 2009
Publisher: Enviro Media, Vol 28 (3), 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Rayon industry, Effluents, fish, haematology
Abstract: The present study deals with the haematological changes such as Total Erythrocyte Count, Total Leucocyte Count, Hb percentage, PCV, MCV, MCH and Differential Leucocyte Count that occurred due to the exposure of fish, Channa punctatus to the Rayon Industrial Effluents. Neutrophils, Eosinophils, Monocytes and Small Lymphocytes are decreased in the treated fish than the control fish. While MCHC, Basophils, Large Lymphocytes are increased in the treated fish. The Rayon effluents cause lymphocytosis and Macrocytic Anaemia in the fish, Channa punctatus.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None