ID: 52777
Title: Effect of water stress on reproductive phase of tomato genotypes
Author: Mukesh L Chavan, P M Munikrishanappa and Shantappa Tirakannanavar
Editor: Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2009
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 25, No 2, September 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Water stress, Fruit weight, Flower cessation, Pulp weight, Wilting, Tomato
Abstract: Studies were undertaken to find out detrimental effect of drought on reproductive phase of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum). in the field out detrimental effect of drought on reproductive phase of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum).in the field experiment at Arabhavi, Karnataka. Experiment was laid out with two levels of irrigation and 50 tomato genotypes by adopting factorial randomized block design with two replications. Drought was imposed two weeks after transplanting in both the IW/CPE ratio (ratio of irrigation water to cumulative pan evaporation) of 0.40 and 1.20 treatments. Irrigation was given when the pan evaporation reading reached 41.7 mm (1.20 IW/CPE ratio) and 125 mm (0.40 IW/CPE ratio). As drought stress increased. there was reduction in flowering cessation, days to wilting, fruit weight and pulp weight to an extent of 14.5, 11.9, 16.1 and 5.1 percent, respectively, while there was increase in pericarp thickness under severe stress of 0.4 IW/CPE ratio to an extent of 17.2 percent, respectively. Genotype L-16 taken maximum days for flower cessation across the irrigation levels, whereas L-40-3 taken maximum days of 100 for wilting to occur. Genotype L-1 recorded maximum fruit weight, across teh irrigation levels as well as both the irrigation levels. Maximum and minimum pulp weight was recorded in the genotype L-3 (71 g) and Nandi (24.5 g) respectively, across the irrigation levels.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52776
Title: Influence of organic and inorganic fertilizers on growth, fruit characters, nutrient content and yield in Guava
Author: S I Athani, Revanappa and T B Allolli
Editor: Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2009
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 25, No 2, September 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Growth parameters, Fruit characters, Recommended dose of Fertilizer, Nutrient, Cholorphyll
Abstract: An experiment was conducted at Arabhavi during 2003 -04 to study the effect of organic and inorganic fertilisers on growth, fruit characters, nutrient content, chlorophyll content of leaves and yield in six years old guava cv. Sardar. Among the different treatments, application of 75 percent Recommended Dose of Fertilizer (RDF) + 10 kg vermicompost per plant showed significant superiority in leaf area (78.6 cm2) , polar diameter (7.6 cm), weight of fruit (222.3g), volume of fruit (218.7)., thickness of pulp (2.3 cm), weight of pulp (143.7 g). Major nutrient content and chlorophyll contents in leaves of different treatments differed significantly. Maximum contents of nitrogen (1.6%), phosphorus (0.33%) and potassium (1.3%) were noticed in the plants receiving 75 percent RDF + 10 kg vermicompost per plant which was followed by the treatments in-situ vermiculturing @ 50 worms per plant and 100 percent RDF. Maximum contents of chlorophyll ' a ' 91.29 mg/g) and total chlorophyll(1.70 mg/g) were found in the plants supplied with 75 percent RDF + 10 kg vermicompost per plant and chlorophyll ' b ' was found maximum (0.41 mg/g) in in-situ vermiculturing @ 50 worms per plant. Highest yield (33.1 kg/plant & 9.19 t/ha) were obtained in the plants supplied with 75 percent RDF +10 kg vermicompost per plant followed by plants supplied with 100 percent RDF and in-situ vermiculturing @ 50 worms per plant.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52775
Title: Trichoderma reesei, Solid State Fermentation, Wheat bran, Rice bran, Maize pith
Author: D Gopalakrishnan, P Santhanakrishnan, P Thiyagarajan and G P Sravanan
Editor: Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2009
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 25, No 2, September 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Trichoderma reesei, Solid State Fermentation, Wheat bran, Rice bran, Rice bran, Maize pith
Abstract: Trichoderma reesei TNAU01 produced significant amount of xylanase by using agricultural waste materials in solid state fermentation. Bran of wheat, rice bran, maize pith and red gram bran were used to test their efficiency as sole carbon source for enzyme production. Maximum enzyme activity was obtained with Solid State Fermentation of wheat bran after 8th day at initial pH of 6.5 and temperature. The optimum temperature and pH for enzyme activity were 50 oC and 5, respectively.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52774
Title: Effect of wild fire on population density of some soil micro organisms
Author: M G Sanalkumar and S Sankar
Editor: Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2009
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 25, No 2, September 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Wildfire, Population density, Soil organisms, Edaphic factors
Abstract: Effect of wildfire on population density of dominant soil organisms were studied in under storey vegetation of Plappilly Reserve Forest of Chalakkudy Forest Division of Kerala in the month of February 1996. Soil samples were collected from February to May till the heavy pre monsoon showers to study the effect of fire on the population density of soil invertebrates, especially the micro-arthropods. The recovery number of animal groups such as copepods (0.164/m2 in 1000), pauropoda (0.021/m2 in 1000) and dermaptera (0/m2 in 1000) showed that they were highly affected due to change in soil properties; whereas moderately affected groups were collembolan (1.24/m2 in 1000), acari (1.87/m2 in 1000) and dipteran (0.31/m2 in 1000) larvae. All other groups were unaffected. It was found that while exchangeable acidity (EA) decreased as a result of fire.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52773
Title: Effect of pesticides on growth and oxygen consumption in the tadpoles of Bufo Bufo
Author: K Jayakumar and C Kandeepan
Editor: Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2009
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 25, No 2, September 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Pesticides, Growth, Oxygen Consumption, Bufo bufo
Abstract: Effect of Sumicidin (Fenvalerate 20% EC: synthetic pyrethroid) and Termex (Chlordane 20% EC: organochlorine compound) on physiological parameters of a non-target organism, tadpole of common toad Bufo bufo was investigated under laboratory conditions. Acute toxicity bioassay (24 h) was performed to evaluate the median lethal concentrations (LC50) of both insecticides for four weeks old tadpoles of B.bufo. Sumicidin (Fenvalerate, LC 50 0.92 ppm) was found to be more toxic than Termex (Chlordane : 2.05 ppm). Tadpoles were exposed to sub lethal concentrations of Sumicidin (0.005, 0.010, 0.015 & 0.020 ppm) and Termex (0.05, 0.10, 0.15 & 0.20 ppm) for three weeks and their effects on growth and oxygen consumption were studied. Growth rate was found to decline in all the higher sub lethal concentrations of both toxicants. Oxygen consumption was increased under toxic stress and exhibited a positive correlation with the sub lethal concentrations of both the pesticides.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52772
Title: Population dynamics of soil micro flora and micro fauna in Kothagiri Hills of Western Ghats, Tamil Nadu
Author: G P Saravanan, P Thiyagarajan and D Gopalakrishnan
Editor: Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2009
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 25, No 2, September 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Population diversity, Western Ghats, Soil micro flora, Microfauna
Abstract: The present study was undertaken to assess the soil micro flora and micro faunal diversity in Kothagiri hills of western ghats during August 2007 to May 2008 at different elevations and seasons. Among the soil micro flora, the diversity of bacteria was higher in upper elevation (E3:1100-1200 MSL)during the season February to March, and actinomycetes diversity was observed more in middle elevation (E2: 700-800 MSL) during November. Considering the soil micro faunal diversity, eight species of nematodes and two species of arthropods were recorded. Among the nematode population, saprophytic nematode recorded maximum population (73.1/kg soil). The micro arthropod population viz., Acarina, Columbola differs significantly in three elevation and seasons. The interaction effect also varied significantly. Among the elevations, upper elevation recorded higher population, among the seasons, more diversity was observed (89.5/kg soil) during November to December.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52771
Title: Tannin content in the plant parts of cotton (Gossypium sp) in relation to Bollworm resistance
Author: S Santhamani
Editor: Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2009
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 25, No 1, August 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Tannin, Sibmating, Cotton, Bollworm
Abstract: An investigation was carried out to know the significance of tannin content present in the plant parts of cotton against the bollworm resistance. The estimation was carried out by using wild species and racial derivatives of Gossypium sp., namely (MCU 5 x Gossypium anomalum) x (MCU 10 CWS 71 x MCU 10 & PD 16-26 x MCU 10) in different generations namely intermated F1 , intermated F2 and sibmated F2 . The parents which were conferring resistance to bollworm showed higher concentration of tannin viz., CWS 71 x MCU 10 (4.9 mg/g) and PD 16-26 x MCU 10 (5.3 mg/g) in intermated F1 generation. In general, the study shows that segregating generations have the maximum tannin content in all the crosses (up to 5.3 mg/g) when compared to their susceptible parents. The tannin content was higher (7.6 mg/g) in the squares of the parent PD 16-26. Among the sibmated F2 generation plants, squares of resistant plants of PD 16-26 x MCU 10 recorded the highest tannin content (5.0 mg/g).
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52770
Title: Influence of seed treatment and containers on viability and vigour of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) during storage
Author: Shantappa Tirakannanavar, P M Munikrishnappa, Mukesh, L Chavan and A B Mastiholi
Editor: Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2009
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 25, No 1, August 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Seed treatment, Momordica charantia, Plant products, Captan
Abstract: Freshly harvested bitter gourd Cv. Kt-Pl-19 seeds were treated with captan (2g/kg), neem leaf powder (5g/kg), pongamia leaf powder (5g/kg), neem oil (5ml/kg), castor oil (5ml/kg) and calcium oxychloride (5 g/kg0 and packed in polythene bag (700 gauge), aluminium pouch and cloth bag and stored for 12 months under ambient condition at Arabhavi, Belgaum of Karnataka State. The results revealed that the seeds were treated with captan recorded significantly higher germination percentage (93.8), seedling dry weight (121 mg), vigour index (3354) and the lowest electrical conductivity of seed leachate (0.344 dSm-1) at the end of 12 months of storage and it was on par with calcium oxychloride, pongamia leaf powder and neem leaf powder.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52769
Title: Exploitation of Sidha (Lagerstroemia parviflora) for rearing of tropical Tasar silkworm in Bastar plateau of Chhattisgarh, India
Author: G S Yadav and G P Mahobia
Editor: Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2009
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 25, No 1, August 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Cryptic variability, Tropical tasar, Eco-race Daba
Abstract: An attempt was made to rear ecorace Daba of tropical tasar silkworm on Terminalia tomentosa, T.arjuna and Legerstroemia parviflora and in their combinations. The productivity of cocoons from a single disease free laying remained 4.8 cocoons on L. parviflora being the lowest and 45.6 cocoons on T.tomentosa being the higest. However, there was no difference in the yield/dfl on T.tomentosa and T.arjuna. The yield on L.parviflora can be increased if this food plant is used in the fifth instar of larvae which accounts 80% of leaf consumption, after rearing either on T.arjuna or T.tomentosa upto fourth instar. These two are convertible, if preference for choice of food is considered. Moreover, association of a combination of feed empowered the silk insect larvae to acquire the tolerance against stress vested with absence of food of prime choice due to relative presence of certain free amino acids in the fourth and fifth instar larvae reared on inter change of food plants in the earlier instar. Thus, L.parviflora can be utilized for tasar silkworm rearing in the fifth instar where the food of prime choice T.tomentosa and T.arjuna are in scare and L.parviflora are in abundance.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52768
Title: Treatment of dairy effluents by activated sludge process
Author: M Jaya Kumar Jacob and P Brahmaji Rao
Editor: Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2009
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 25, No 1, August 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Dairy effluents, Biokinetics, BOD, COD, Total solids
Abstract: The study demonstrated the bio-kinetic theory behind the process and discusses the significance of biological treatment of dairy effluents using a completely mixed activated sludge process (CM-ASP) design model. The study was conducted for 15 days during the months of June- July 2007, revealed the internal relationships and influences of selected physical, chemical, biological characteristics like Temp, pH, BOD, COD, TSS, TDS, TS, Chloride and Alkalinity. Most prominent correlation was seen between the substrate retention time and effluent flow rate with the aeration time of 8 hours at a temperature 230C. The results obtained from statistical analysis indicated the reduction of parameters, particularly high removal efficiency of BOD and COD which were found 97% and 94% respectively.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52767
Title: Assessment of biodiversity threats in the Kerala Forests-New approach
Author: M G Sanalkumar and S Sankar
Editor: Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2009
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 25, No 1, August 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Relative Scoring method analysis, Biodiversity, Threat factors, Western Ghats
Abstract: Forests of the Kerala Western Ghats have been divided into seven regions based on geographic continuity. Secondary data regarding fourteen biodiversity threat factors in each region, for the period 1980- 2006 were collected and a checklist method of anlaysis was developed (Relative Scoring Method Analysis) for threat assessment. The above analysis revealed that forests of Idukki and Wayanadu-Brahmagiri regions face high degree of threat (Grant Index value-218) to their biodiversity while Agastymalai (GI-191). Anamalai-Nelliyampathy (GI-167) and Kasargod regions have moderate threats (GI-167). Forests of Pandalam hills (GI-132) and Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve regions (GI-92) face low threat to biodiversity. This study recommends immediate conservation measures such as fire protection, prevention of cattle grazing, illegal felling and shifting cultivation and aforestation of gaps for the restoration of degraded forest habitats.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52766
Title: Effect of different irrigation techniques on rice physiology
Author: S Subnulakshmi and B J Pandian
Editor: Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2009
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 25, No 1, August 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Irrigation, Rice, Physiology
Abstract: Experiments were conducted during Kar (June 2000-Sep 2000) and Pishanam (Oct 2000- Jan 2001) seasons to study the performance of lowland rice under different irrigation regimes and stand establishment techniques. Continuous submergence recorded significantly high values of relative leaf water content (87.5 & 87.9%), chlorophyll stability index (70.5 & 77.5) and lower values of proline (4.27 & 3.89 mg g -1) during kar and pishanam, respectively which was followed by irrigation to 5 cm depth on disappearance of previously ponded water. The stand establishment methods had no significant effect on these physiological characteristics of rice during both seasons.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52765
Title: Phyto sociological studies of some weedy species of Cassia from Kolhapur district
Author: J A Patil and B A Karadge
Editor: Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2009
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 25, No 1, August 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Kolhapur, Cassia species, Important Value Index, Association Index
Abstract: A phyto sociological survey was conducted in wastelands of Kolhapur district at six different localities viz Kolhapur, Jotiba, Warange, Kagal, Radhanagari and Bambawade. The survey revealed that at all six localities, 35 weed species were found associated with weedy Cassia (C. obtusifolia, C. tora & C. uniflora). At Kolhapur, maximum (15) species were associated, while at Jotiba, Warange, Kagal, Radhanagari and Bambawade, 14, 10, 12, 10 and 11 species were found associated respectively. Among these, ALternanthera, Achyranthes, Sida, Synedrella, Setaria and Brachiaria species were common. However, degrees of their association were different at different localities. The data of distribution pattern at all studies localities revealed that C.obtusifolia, C.tora, C. uniflora, Setaria, Brachiaria, Hyptis and Alternanthera recorded the high Important Value Index (IVI) compared to other species. C.obtusifolia had the higher IVI than that for other Cassia speices except at one locality i.e. at VI (Bambawade) where C.tora exhibited higher IVI. The higher value of IVI indicates dominant nature and allelopathic influence of Cassia species on neighbouring plants.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52764
Title: Physico chemical characteristics of Ganga river water at Varanasi
Author: A K Singh, R K Tiwari, D R Kanaujia and P Mishra
Editor: Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2009
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 25, No 1, August 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Ganga river, Phsico-chemical parameters
Abstract: Phsico-chemical parameters of Ganga river water was carried out at Varanasi for a period of two successive years (2003-2004) which exhibited significant variations. Maximum water temperature, (32.50C) was recorded in June and minimum (18.50C) in January. The transparency was maximum both in January (winter) and June (summer) whereas minimum during July to October (monsoon). The pH value of river water ranged between 7.5 and 8.9. It was lowest in December and January but was within the alkaline range exhibiting narrow fluctuation. Dissolved oxygen value was high during winter (8.5 mg/l) and low (5.9 mg/l) in monsoon. The seasonal fluctuation in free CO2 was found maximum (10 mg/l) during monsoon and minimum (5.7 mg/l) in summer. The carbonate alkalinity was less during monsoon, winter and summer successively. The carbonate value ranged between 79.9 and 156.9 mg/l. A wide range of variation in chloride contents (3.9-15.0 mg/l) was recorded; lower during monsoon and higher in winter and summer.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52763
Title: Effects of nuvacron on carbohydrate metabolism of the green frog Euphlyctis hexadactylus
Author: M R Renuka and M I Andrews
Editor: Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2009
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 25, No 1, August 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology- An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Nuvacron, Frog, Glucose, Glycogen, Blood, Liver, Muscle
Abstract: Sublethal and median lethal effects of Nuvacron on carbohydrate metabolism of the frog Euphlyctis hexadactylus were investigated and 96 hour LC50 value for Nuvacron was determined as 195 ppm. The pesticide induced an initial hyperglycemia and later hypoglycemia when exposed to sublethal concentration and continuous hypoglycemia when exposed to median lethal concentration. Both sublethal and median lethal treatments caused decrease in liver and muscle glycogen content throught the experiment due to glycogenolysis. Changes in the carbohydrate metabolism might help the animal to withstand pesticide toxicity.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None