ID: 52867
Title: Contract tree farming in Tamil Nadu- A successful Industrial Farm Forestry Model
Author: K. T. Parthiban, R. Seenivasan and M. Govinda Rao
Editor: Dr. V. R. R. Singh
Year: 2010
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 136, No 2, February 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: Contract farming, Farm forestry/agroforestry plantations, Casuarina, Eucalyptus, Paper industry
Abstract: The State of Tamil Nadu is housed with 39 paper mills of which two mills viz., Tamil Nadu Newsprint and Papers Ltd, Karur and Seshasayee Paper Board, Erode are the wood based paper industries. These two industries utilize around 4 lakh tonnes of woody biomass, which are mostly derived from Casuarina and Eucalyptus plantations of Tamil Nadu Forest Plantation Corporation and partly from farm lands. But recently, both the mills have expanded their paper production, which requires nearly 8-10 lakhs tonnes of wood pulp against the current availability of nearly 3.5-4.0 lakh tonnes. This ushered in a large gap between the demand and supply, thus necessitates alternate sources for raw material. To meet the growing demands and also to promote pulp wood plantations as per the guidelines of 1988 forest policy, both the industries have initiated farm and agroforestry plantations through contract farming system by adopting tri and quad-partite models. In this system, Casuarina and Eucalyptus have been promoted as pulp wood plantations. The contract farming facilitates supply of quality planting materials to the farmers at subsidized prices coupled with assurance of minimum support price and credit facilities through financial institutions. This paper discusses the success of contract farming along with the area covered under various districts of the state.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52866
Title: Impact of Indarbela quadrinotata on the growth of Casuarina equisetifolia
Author: K. R. Sasidharan, R. V. Varma and M. Sivaram
Editor: Dr. V. R. R. Singh
Year: 2010
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 136, No 2, February 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: Casuarina equisetifolia, Caterpillar, Indarbela quadrinotata, Insect pests, Tamil Nadu
Abstract: Several insect pests are associated with Casuarina equisetifolia L. in India. Among them, the bark eating caterpillar, Indarbela quadrinotata Walker (Metarbelidae: Lepidoptera) has attained serious pest proportions in Tamil Nadu State, which is located in southern part of the country. The impact of I. quadrinotata on the growth of C.equisetifolia was studied in selected plantations of this species, located in three agro-climatic zones of the State. The data generated suggest that I. quadrinotata has the potential to reduce the growth of the trees significantly.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52865
Title: Study of plant diversity in Kandi region of Himachal Pradesh
Author: V.K.Chauhan, R.S.Rana, A.K.Joshi and Vinod Dholta
Editor: Dr. V. R. R. Singh
Year: 2010
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 136, No 2, February 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: Plant diversity, Flora, conservation, Kandi region, Himachal Pradesh
Abstract: Plant diversity in Kandi region of Himachal Pradesh was studied during the year 2006-08. Quantitative documentation of plant diversity is important for in-situ conservation and deriving diversified uses of valuable flora on a sustainable basis. In the present study, 24 species of fiber and forage grasses, 14 of fodder legumes, 22 shrubs of medicinal value. 20 of diversified fruit and 30 of valuable agro-forestry trees have been reported. The investigation is of special significance and could help to assess the loss of plant diversity over a long period.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52864
Title: Production and decomposition of litter in plantation forests of Eucalyptus camaldulensis along canal command area in Indian desert
Author: N. Bala, Pramod Kumar, N.K.Bohra, N.K.Limba, S.R.Baloch adn G. Singh
Editor: Dr. V. R. R. Singh
Year: 2010
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 136, No 2, February 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: Litter, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Decomposition, Arid zone, Plantation
Abstract: Litter production varied greatly with plantation age and stem density in E. camaldulensis being high in 12-year-old plantation (6087 kg ha-1). Lowest litter production was in 4-year-old plantation (2042 kg ha-1). Bimodal pattern of litter fall was observed in younger plantation where, two peaks of varied intensity were observed in summer and winter. Overall, litter production was more in summer. Component wise, leaf litter accounted for the major part of the total litter production. It varied from 64% in 17-year-old plantations to 73% in 8-year-old plantations. Woody litter component varied from 16% to 23% in different age plantations. Bark litter also constitute a significant proportion of the total litter production ranging from 9-13%. Value of decomposition constant (k) was 0.1508, signifying very slow rate of decomposition. A significant positive relationship between annual total litter production and girth at breast height (GBH) as well as tree height was observed. Conclusively, low rate of decomposition signified slow rate of nutrient turnover.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52863
Title: Bacillus firmus as bio-controlling agent for seed-borne and nursery pathogens of forest tree species
Author: V S Dadwal and Jamaluddin
Editor: Dr. V. R. R. Singh
Year: 2010
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 136, No 2, February 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: Bacillus firmus, Seed-Borne and Nursery Pathogens, Bio-Controlling Agent, Acacia nilotica, Albizia procera, Albizia lebbek and Dalbergia sissoo
Abstract: Antagoistic bacteria were isolated from soil samples collected from different forest areas of Jabalpur, Mandla, Umaria and Bilaspur. One antogonisitc bacteria Bacillus firmus was isolated from the soil of Belkund teak forest nursery, Kundam Project, Forest Development Corporation, Jabalpur. To study its effectiveness against pathogen associated with leguminous seeds eleven days old culture of B. firmus was applied to the seeds of Albizia procera, A lebbek, Dalbergia sissoo and Acacia nilotica and was compared with the culture of the bio-agent Trichoderma viride and fungicides namely Indofil and Bavistin 0.2%. The seeds treated with culture of B.firmus did not show any fungal flora during germination and at the same time percent emergence of treated seedlings was also high. The suspension of B.firmus was also applied to one month old seedlings of A. procera and A. lebbek inoculated with Fusarium oxysporum causing post emergence damping off disease in these seedlings. The experimental finding shows that the seedlings of A. procera and A. lebbek inoculated with B.firmus did not show any mortality, which proved that the application of B.firmus could be used as bio-controlling agent against post-emergence damping off disease in forest nurseries.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52862
Title: Speed source variation in chlorophyll contents of leaves of Acacia nilotica (Linn.) Willd. ex Del SSP. Indica (Benth.) Brenan (Babul) under different water stress conditions
Author: M D Ayoub Dar, S Nautiyal, Meena Bakshi and Sajad Razvi
Editor: Dr. V. R. R. Singh
Year: 2010
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 136, No 2, February 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: Seed source, Chlorophyll, water stress, Acacia nilotica
Abstract: The chlorophyll content of leaf as influenced by four water stress levels on seedlings belonging to 9 seed sources of 30 progenies of Acacia nilotica was studied in controlled conditions. Considerable differences were observed among seed sources with respect to chlorophylls a and b , and total chlorophyll (a + b) content (mg g-1 fresh weight). Chlorophyll content decreased with increasing water stress in all the sources, however, the decrease was higher in seedlings of the humid sources as compared to dry sources. Overall high amount of chlorophyll content (chlorophyll a, b and total ) was observed in seed sources collected from drier region of the country, whereas, low chlorophyll content was observed from humid sources. The chlorophyll contents were negatively correlated with rainfall.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52861
Title: Disaster Management: Global Challenges and Local Solutions
Author: None
Editor: P. Balaram
Year: 2010
Publisher: Current Science Association, Vol 98, No 5, 10 March 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Current Science
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52860
Title: Application of numerical modelling for morphological changes in a high-energy beach during the south-west monsoon
Author: V R Shamji, T S Shahul Hameed, N P Kurian and K V Thomas
Editor: P. Balaram
Year: 2010
Publisher: Current Science Association, Vol 98, No 5, 10 March 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Current Science
Keywords: Beach morphology, LITPACK, monsoon, nearshore, numerical modelling
Abstract: Study of beach morphology changes during monsoon and development of capabilities towards its prediction is of vital importance in coastal zone management. A study of the beach erosion/accretion processes during south-west monsoon and its numerical modelling is attempted in this communication for a micro-tidal and high-energy beach. Comprehensive hydrodynamic and beach profile data measured in the field were used for the study. The beach morphological changes as a result of the high intensity monsoon waves are found to be characterized by erosion of beach coupled with deposition in the offshore leading to formation and migration offshore longshore bar. The model LITPROF of the LITPACK software of DHI is found to simulate well the beach morphological changes by adjustment of the calibration parameters. The integrated cross-shore transport computed across the profile, using the model shows high erosion in the beach face coupled with an equivalent accretion in the offshore. The model performance computed using different statistical methods is found to be good.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52859
Title: Conservation implications of the channel changes in Sharda River on endangered swamp deer population and floodplain ecosystem in Kishanpur Wildlife Sanctuary, Uttar Pradesh, India
Author: Neha Midha and Pradeep K Mathur
Editor: P. Balaram
Year: 2010
Publisher: Current Science Association, Vol 98, No 5, 10 March 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Current Science
Keywords: Channel changes, conservation, locational probability model, Sharda River, swamp deer
Abstract: One surviving stronghold of endangered Northern swamp deer is Jhadi taal (lake) in Kishanpur Wildlife Sanctuary on the floodplains of Sharda River. Changes in channel characteristics and land use/cover in a stretch of the river were detected during 1948-2001 and their impact on deer habitat was assessed. Analyses revealed consistent shift of west bank line towards taal, moving to within 100 m in 2001 and reducing further, posing threat of inundation. Other results included loss of sal forest and grasslands owing to shifts in the river course and encroachment of newly deposits. Threat to taal was confirmed by a probability model.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52858
Title: Forest cover change detection of Western Ghats of Maharashtra using satellilte remote sensing based visual interpretation technique
Author: Rabindra K Panigrahy, Manish P Kale, Upasana Dutta, Asima Mishra, Bishwarup Banerjee and Sarnam Singh
Editor: P. Balaram
Year: 2010
Publisher: Current Science Association, Vol 98, No 5, 10 March 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Current Science
Keywords: Change detection, forest, remote sensing, visual interpretation, Western Ghats
Abstract: In this article, we attempt to quantify change in forest area of the Western Ghats of Maharashtra over a 20- year time period (1985-87 to 2005) using visual interpretation technique at 1:250 K scale. The study was conducted using the Forest Survey of India vegetation maps for 1985-87, prepared using Landsat TM data and IRS LISS III imagery for 2005. The results reveal loss of dense forest at an annual rate of 0.72% and that of open forest at 0.49%. It also reports an increase in mangrove vegetation and water bodies in the study area. In addition, it also reports district wise pattern of change in forest cover.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52857
Title: Gasifier stoves-science, technology and field outreach
Author: H. S. Mukunda, S. Dasappa, P J Paul, N K S Rajan, Mahesh Pagnaraman, D Ravi Kumar and Mukund Deogaonkar
Editor: P. Balaram
Year: 2010
Publisher: Current Science Association, Vol 98, No 5, 10 March 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Current Science
Keywords: Biomass stove, domestic stove, gasifier stove
Abstract: Development of a new class of single pan high efficiency, low emission stoves, named gasifier stoves, that promise constant power that can be controlled using any solid biomass fuel in the form of pellets is reported here. These stoves use battery-run fan-based air supply for gasification (primary air) and for combustion (secondary air). Design with the correct secondary air flow ensures near-stoichiometric combustion that allows attainment of peak combustion temperature with accompanying high water boiling efficiencies (upto 50% for vessels of practical relevance) and very low emissions (of carbon monoxide, particulate matter and oxides of nitrogen). The use of high density agro-residue based pellets or coconut shell pieces ensures operational duration of about an hour or more at power levels of 3kWth (~12 g/min). The principles involved and the optimization aspects of the design are outlined. The dependence of efficiency and emissions on the design parameters are described. The field imperatives that drive the choice of the rechargeable battery source and the fan are brought out. The implications of developments of Oorja-Plus and Oorja- Super stoves to the domestic cooking scenario of India are briefly discussed. The process development, testing and internal qualification tasks were undertaken by Indian Institute of science. Product development and the fuel pellet production were dealt with by First Energy Private Ltd. Close interaction at several times during this period has helped progress the project from the laboratory to large scale commercial operation. At this time, over four hundred thousand stoves and 30 kilotonnes fuel have been sold in four states in India.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52856
Title: Characteristics of solid waste and its disposal management in Shirdi town, district Ahmednagar, Maharashtra
Author: G M Pondhe and Manisha S Dharam
Editor: Dr. R.K.Trivedy
Year: 2009
Publisher: Enviro Media, Vol 28 (4), 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Characteristic, solid waste, organic, inorganic and moisture content
Abstract: This paper deals with characteristics of solid waste in Shirdi. The solid waste was categorized for organic and inorganic content. It is observed that waste contain 66.33% organic and 32.66% inorganic waste. The organic solid waste may be used for composting with the help of bacteria and earthworms.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52855
Title: Shipra river conservation by sewage treatment
Author: Parag Dalal, A.K Dwivedi and J.K. Srivastava
Editor: Dr. R.K.Trivedy
Year: 2009
Publisher: Enviro Media, Vol 28 (4), 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Water pollution, water quality, sewage treatment
Abstract: This paper assesses the existing pollution status and water quality of the 13 major drains entering in the river Shipra at Ujjain, India during the calendar years of 2006-2008. Season-wise Physico-chemical characteristices were performed as per standard methods viz. pH, temperature, color, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, total dissolved solids, suspended solids, chloride ions, residual chlorine, turbidity, sulfates, total hardness, calcium and magnesium hardness. The pH values of drains water on annual basis varies from 5.3 to 7.6, temperature from 11 to 42, TDS from 0.21 to 4.38 mg/L, the turbidity from 1.2 to 37.7 NTU, conductivity from 0.42 to 1.62 m S/cm and dissolved oxygen from 0.30 to 8.26 mg/L. The chloride contents vary from 20.2 to 385.9 mg/L and the total hardness from 114 to 580 mg/L. The alkalinity ranges from 10 to 70 mg/L. The concentrations of the BOD, COD and MPN of coliforms were above the permissible limits throughout the stretch under study. A module is proposed which will help to purify the River.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52854
Title: A study on biomedical waste management at Shirdi in different hospitals, district Ahmednagar, Maharashtra
Author: G M Pondhe and Anuradha Gaikar
Editor: Dr. R.K.Trivedy
Year: 2009
Publisher: Enviro Media, Vol 28 (4), 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Hospitals, Biomedical, Recyclable, Biodegradable and Management
Abstract: Present paper deals with waste generation from 3 major hospitals viz. Sainath, Deshmukh and Joshi in Shirdi area of Maharashtra, India. It was found that incinerable waste in these hospitals is 4.714, 2.44 and 1.4 kg/day respectively. Biodegradable waste is about 9.75, 8.4 and 6.5 kg/day. Recyclable waste generated is about 3.84, 1.26 and 1.03 kg/day. Sharp waste is about 1.88, 0.380 and 0.900 kg/day respectively. The paper also reports management practices to be carried in hospitals, as per rules for safe disposal of biomedical waste.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52853
Title: Screening for heavy metals tolerance in emergent macrophytes by repeatable method
Author: N Shabani, D M Mahajan, V R Gunale and M H Sayadi
Editor: Dr. R.K.Trivedy
Year: 2009
Publisher: Enviro Media, Vol 28 (4), 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Heavy metals, Macrophytes, Threshold concentration
Abstract: Heavy metals such as lead and copper are released into the environment through human activities. There is need to develop sustainable methods for their clean up, there by phytoremediation is one of the suitable approach to removal of contaminated water and soil. An important objective of this survey was; screening of heavy metals tolerance in macrophytes by repeatable method. For individual plants were tested (Persicaria glabra, Juncellus alopecuroides, Alternanthera philoxeroides, Hygrophila shoolis) to obtained revealed the threshold level of heavy metals concentration by mentioned plants. Potted soil screening has been done, because it is less expensive and time consuming. This study shows the threshold concentration of lead and copper for optimum growing of Persicaria glabra (300-500mg/kg), Juncellus alopercuroides (200-300mg/kg), Alternanthera philoxeroides (200-200mg/kg), Hygrophila shoolis (200-300 mg/kg) respectively. The result obtained with screening method showed that it could be representative of what happened in the field.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None