ID: 52972
Title: Groundwater quality assessment of Miyapur area in Rang Reddy District, Andhra Pradesh, India
Author: Ishrath and G. Prabhakar
Editor: Prof K. P. Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 9, No 1, March 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment & Pollution Technology
Keywords: Miyapur area, groundwater quality, hydrochemistry, drinking water
Abstract: A detailed study on hydrochemistry of groundwater in Miyapur area, Ranga Reddy District, Andhra Pradesh, India has been carried out to assess the quality of groundwater for determining its suitability for drinking purpose. The area, underlained by grey and pink granites of granitoid complex, is associated with profused injections of aplite and fine grained quartzo felspathic veins and pegamtites basic intrusives, which include dolerite, gabbro and pyroxenite, cut across rocks in the study area. Red sandy soils and laterite soils are major soil types in this area. Twenty groundwater samples have been collected from bore wells during premonsoon and postmonsoon seasons of the year 2008. The samples were analysed for various water quality parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), major cations like calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, and anions like chloride, nitrate, fluoride and sulphate. The physicochemical parameters have been compared with the standard guideline values as recommended by WHO and BIS for drinking and public health. It is observed that the pH value is not exceeding the excessive limits in both premonsoon and postmonsoon. Overall, the samples of premonsoon and postmonsoon seasons are not exceeding the excessive limits of calcium. All the samples of both premonsoon and postmonsoon are exceeding the excessive limits of magnesium, which indicates that the water is becoming hard due to the pollutants coming out from the industries. Sodium and potassium indicates increase in levels of sodium in groundwater due to percolation from sodium and potassium bearing minerals. Anions like chloride in all the samples are not exceeding the permissible limits. The concentration of nitrate is above permissible limits. The concentration of fluoride is below permissible limits in postmonsoon. Sulphate concentration is less than permissible limit in all the smaples of premonsoon and postmonsoon.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52971
Title: Assessment of shallow groundwater quality in Usupur village panchayat in Chidambaram taluk of Cuddalore district, Tamilnadu state
Author: A. Murugappan, S. Gnanakumar and G. Senthilkumar
Editor: Prof K. P. Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 9, No 1, March 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment & Pollution Technology
Keywords: Shallow groundwater, bore wells, water quality, Usupur village, residential habitations
Abstract: Ever-increasing population and its increasing water needs due to improved life styles have led to more and more tapping of groundwater resources due to continuous deterioration of most surface water resources. This necessitates the urgent need to monitor the quality characteritics of groundwater being tapped for domestic activities. The study reported in this paper was undertaken to assess the physicochemical characteristics of shallow groundwater in eight residential habitations of Usupur Village Panchayat near Chidambaram town in Cuddalore District, Tamilnadu State. The quality parameters namely, pH, total dissolved solids, total hardness, total alkalinity, chlorides, nitrates, fluorides and iron were analysed using standard procedures. The study revealed that the groundwater was not fit for drinking and cooking but with certain affordable ameliorations at household level it could be made fit for other domestic activities such as bathing, washing and gardening.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52970
Title: Cladoceran community in relation to eutrophication of Wular lake, Kashmir
Author: Aijaz R. Mir, A. Wanganeo, A. R. Yousuf and R. Wanganeo
Editor: Prof K. P. Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 9, No 1, March 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment & Pollution Technology
Keywords: Cladocera, water quality, Wular lake, eutrophication
Abstract: The present communication reveals the impact of Cladocera on water quality in Wular lake. The water is eutrophic as indicated by high nutrient levels. The Cladocera was dominated by Chydoridae with the main contribution of Alona sp. Alonella sp. , and Chydorus sp. Shallow sites support more Cladoceran members in comparison to other sites, and all the sites contain almost same species. Population density seems to be governed by the influx of human interference and related to the nutrient enrichment and other abiotic factors including decaying organic matter, which provides food for Cladocera.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52969
Title: Treatment of dyeing industry effluents by using diverse bioadsorbents
Author: S. Binu Kumari
Editor: Prof K. P. Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 9, No 1, March 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment & Pollution Technology
Keywords: Waste treatment, Dye industry effluent, Bioadsorbents, Batch experiment
Abstract: Adsorption as a water and wastewater treatment process has aroused considerable interest during recent years. Activated carbon is most commonly used adsorbent. Dyeing effluents are highly toxic and unaesthetic, therefore, their treatment is mandatory prior to discharge. Hence, in the present work an attempt has been made to study the possibilities of employing tea waste, saw dust, rice husk, groundnut husk and walnut shell has bioadsorbents to improve the quality of dyeing effluents. The main parameters studied were pH, EC, TS, TDS, TSS, BOD, COD, calcium, magnesium, sulphate, chloride and sodium in both treated and untreated effluents. A decline in the levels of all these parameters were observed after the treatment.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52968
Title: Fluoride content of bore well waters in Mysore city of Karnataka, India
Author: C.S.Chidan Kumar
Editor: Prof K. P. Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 9, No 1, March 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment & Pollution Technology
Keywords: Fluoride concentration, Borewell water, Fluorosis
Abstract: The residents of Mysore city are mainly dependent on borewell water for domestic and small scale industries, especially in summer season. Hence, large number of bore wells exist in the city. Fluoride content of these bore wells water was analysed and the outcome of the results was in the view of pollution of the study area. It reveals that the fluoride concentration is within the permissible limits as prescribed by BIS and WHO. Hence, the bore well water of Mysore city can be conveniently used for drinking purpose without any pre-treatment for fluoride.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52967
Title: Recycling of pulp and paper industry sludge with saw dust by aerobic composting method
Author: Lakshmi Priya Thyagarajan, T. Meenambal, L. Mangaleshwaram, N. Lakshminarasimaiah and N.Ramesh
Editor: Prof K. P. Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 9, No 1, March 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment & Pollution Technology
Keywords: Waste management, Co-composting, C:N ratio, Bio-compost, recycling
Abstract: Studies were conducted to evaluate the feasibility of bioconversion of pulp and paper industry secondary treatment sludge with sawdust under aerobic conditions. The composting of the waste was carried out for a period of 90 days by mixing pulp and paper industry sludge (PS) with sawdust (SD) in the ratio of 3:1 and inoculating treatment 1 (T1) with only ocw dung whereas inoculating the treatment 2 (T2) with cow dung and effective microorganisms (EM). The composting process showed satisfactory results with the cow dung and effective microorganism inoculum, i.e.Treatment 2 (T2). The different chemical parameters like pH, EC, temperature and C:N ratio were analysed during the composting period. The C:N ratio showed a gradual decrease from 36.12 to 21.02 and 38.30 to 17.63 for T1 and T2 respectively on the 90th day of composting. The pH varied from 6.5 to 7.3 and from 6.8 to 7.6 in T1 and T2 respectively indicating a good compost quality. The EC values decreased gradually from 2.3 ?mhos/cm and reached the value 1.2 ?mhos/cm in both the treatments. The nutrient values like NPK were almost equal in both treatments i.e. Though the nutrients levels were equal, the Treatment 2 (T2) reached the compost stability at the 90th day whereas the Treatment 1 has not reahed the stability ot maturity at the 90th day, which is indicated by the C:N ratio. Therefore, it can be concluded that the pulp and paper industry sludge (PS) can be successfully converted into value added compost in the period of 90 days by co-composting with sawdust (SD) in the ratio of 3:1 and by mixing with cowdung (CD) + effective microorganisms (EM) as inoculum.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52966
Title: Effect to two organophsophorus insecticides on respiratory activities of the fish Labeo rohita
Author: S. Logaswamy, P. Soumya and K. M. Remia
Editor: Prof K. P. Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 9, No 1, March 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment & Pollution Technology
Keywords: Oxygen consumption, respiration, Labeo rohita, Organophosphorus, Pesticides
Abstract: Effects of two organophsophorus insecticides, Dimethoate (30% EC) and Quinalphos on oxygen consumption of a freshwater fish Labeo rohita were investigated under lethal and sublethal toxicity in the present study. Median lethal concentration (LC50) value of Demethoate (30% EC) and Quinalphos of the fish were determined during bioassay study. The rate of oxygen consumption of the fish was studied under lethal and sublethal concentration of Dimethoate (30 %EC) and Quinalphos at 1, 2, 3 and 4 hours intervals. It showed significantly decreased oxygen uptake. The experimental results depict that the organophsophorus pesticides Dimethoate (30 % EC) and Quinalphos are toxic to the fish Labeo rohita and the stress response showed by the fish are dependent on concentration of toxicant and time of exposure.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52965
Title: Seasonal occurrence of Endomycophytes from inner bark of Barringtonia acutangula (l.) Gaertn
Author: T. G. Nagaraja and Manisha D. Shinde
Editor: Prof K. P. Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 9, No 1, March 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment & Pollution Technology
Keywords: Endomycophytes, Barringtonia acutangula, Medicinal plant
Abstract: Endophytic fungi from inner bark of Barringtonia acutangula (L.) Gaertn were studied in three different seasons during 2008-2009. A total of 23 endophytes were recorded during rainy season, followed by 30 endophytes in winter season and 14 fungi in summer season. Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus were found to be dominant endophytes followed by Verticillium and Cladosporium species.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52964
Title: Groundwater hydrogeochemical characterization of Chittar sub basin, Tambaraparani river, Tirunelveli district, Tamil Nadu
Author: T. Jeyavel Raja Kumar, A. Balasubramanian, R. S. Kumar and K. Manoharan
Editor: Prof K. P. Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 9, No 1, March 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment & Pollution Technology
Keywords: Chittar sub-basin, Hydrogeochemistry, Tambaraparani river, groundwater pollution, SAR
Abstract: Hydrogeochemical characterization of 82 groundwaters has been done in Chittar sub basin of Tambaraparani river, Tirunelveli District. In this attempt major cations and anions were analysed and other parameters were calculated. The pH and EC varied from 6.60 to 8.50 and 115 ?mhos/cm. The TDS and Total hardness varied from 81 mg/L to 6846 mg/L and 40 mg/L to 1818 mg/L. The range of chemical concentration of cations such as Ca, Mg, Na, k and anions like Cl, HCO3, SO4, NO3 varied from 12 mg/L to 533 mg/L, 3 mg/L to 116 mg/L, 9 mg/L to 3255 mg/L, 1.0 to 89.0 mg/L and 9 mg/L to 2904 mg/L, 45 mg/L to 691 mg/L, 2 mg/L to 237 mg/L, 1 mg/L to 16 mg/L respectively. SAR ranges from 0.592 to 22.82 and the RSC varied from 32.46 to 5.48. The results show that certain groundwater sample locations exceed the maximum permissible limit but exceeding the desirable limit of WHO standard for drinking. The attempt revealed the present level of element contamination and source of the ionic contribution in the study area.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52963
Title: Incidence of Salmonellosis in urban and sub-urban areas of Akola city
Author: Padmini S. Parmar and M. Musaddiq
Editor: Prof K. P. Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 9, No 1, March 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment & Pollution Technology
Keywords: Salmonellosis, Salmonella spp, Enteric fever, Akola city
Abstract: Outbreaks of enteric fever have been reported from different parts of India. Increasing population of India and unhygenic methods of handling food-stuffs, improper eating life style and unsatisfactory purification of water supply led to increased chances of microbial infections. Salmonellosis is caused by Salmonella species which covers wide spectrum of diseases. Salmonella are strict parasites of animals and humans. Infections of Salmonellae include enteric fever, septicaemia, gastroenteritis and food poisoning. Typhoid fever, which was once prevalent all over the world, has been virtually eliminated from the advanced countries, but still is a problem in developing countries leading to epidemics. Considering the unsatisfactory and unsustainable hygienic conditions, especially in rural areas of Akola, the present work has been carried out Salmonella spp. were isolated from drinking water, milk and food samples from urban and sub-urban areas of Akola during rainy season and their prevalence was studied.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52962
Title: Study of root nodulation efficiency of different Rhizobium strains found in different regions of Akola district and developing rhizobia based biofertilizer
Author: D. R. Paraskar, V.D.Nanoty, M. Musaddiq
Editor: Prof K. P. Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 9, No 1, March 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment & Pollution Technology
Keywords: Biofertilizer, Rhizobium japonicum, Microbial inoculants, Nitrogen fixation
Abstract: After introduction of chemical fertilizers in the last century, there is increased yield in agriculture in the beginning, but slowly they started displaying their ill-effects such as leaching out and polluting water basins, destroying microorganisms and friendly insects, increased salinity, reduced soil fertility, and making the crops more susceptible to the attack of diseases leading to damage of overall system, which is irreparable. Thus, to overcome this problem, it is necessary to find out alternatives to chemical fertilizers. Keeping this view in mind, the present work was undertaken to develop ' microbial inoculants ' or ' biofertilizers ' . Biological nitrogen fixation offers an attractive and ecologically sound route for augmenting nutrient supply. Hence, biofertilizers are environmental and ecofriendly renewable resources. In present work, total 30 soil samples from different regions of Akola district were analysed for isolation of Rhizobium. Bioinoculant was prepared after isolation of maximum strains of Rhizobium. Its application was studied in pot experiments with soyabean seeds to visualize growth of soyabean plants along with its nodulation efficiency. After 2-3 months, it was observed that isolated strains have maximum nodulation efficiency as compared to control. Rhizobacterial inoculants were capable of forming root nodules in most leguminous plants. Thus, development of Rhizobium as biofertilizer contribute to increasing crop productivity through increased biological nitrogen fixation.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52961
Title: None
Author: Sanjay S . Sathe, Sandhya M. Pawar and Sanjay M. Kumbhar
Editor: Prof K. P. Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 9, No 1, March 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment & Pollution Technology
Keywords: Animal diversity, Reptiles, Aves, Mammals, Shukacharya hills
Abstract: Forests are renewable resources, which have a major role in enhancing the quality of surrounding environment. The scenic effect of forest changes with seasons like patterns of kaleidoscope. The scenic effect of forest changes with seasons like patterns of kaleidoscope. Shukacharya hills in one of the pilgrim localities in Sangli district of Maharashtra located on the boundaries of Khanapur-Atpadi Tahsils. This area shows southern -tropical thorn forest. It shows plains at top, and hills and valleys at downside. The area is covered by different kinds of plants where trees are dominated. A scientific study of this locality was carried out during last 3 years by regular visits. The study reveals that this area is rich in different kinds of animals like reptiles, birds and mammals. Some animals were common in occurrence while others were noticed only when keen field observations were made. During field others were noticed only when keen field observations were made. During field visits 7 reptiles, 48 birds and 9 mammals were recorded. The information on some carnivores, based on folk data, was also collected during field visits. The presence of animal diversity indicated that this area will become a tourist place in future.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52960
Title: Water quality and pollution status of Chalakudy River Act Kathikudam, Thrissur district, Kerala, India
Author: Rincy Joseph and P.P. Tessy
Editor: Prof K. P. Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 9, No 1, March 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment & Pollution Technology
Keywords: water quality, pollution status, Chalakudy river
Abstract: The present investigation deals with the analysis of water quality of Chalakudy river near Kerala Chemicals and Protein Ltd. (KCPL) at Kathikudam, Thrissur district, Kerala. Water samples were collected monthly for a period of six months from March to August 2007 at 3 sites of Chalakudy River. Low dissolved oxygen, high values of conductivity, total hardness, biochemical oxygen demand, turbidity, nitrate and phosphate show unhealthy condition of the river. The conductivity, turbidity and pH of the water samples were not within the permissible limit in the site near KCPL during the period of study.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52959
Title: Studies on the effects of land application of sugar factory waste on physicochemical properties of soils under crop of Cicer arietinum L.
Author: S. D. Bavare (Nee S. M. Kulkarni) and P.K.Goel
Editor: Prof K. P. Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 9, No 1, March 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment & Pollution Technology
Keywords: Sugar factory waste, Wastewater irrigation, Land application, Soil characteristics, Cicer arietinum L.
Abstract: Sugar factories generate usually high quantities of organic waste, which is often used for irrigation with or without treatment. Such irrigation practices, if carried out unscientifically, can deteriorate physicochemical properties of soils and affect the plant growth and beneficial soil micro-flora. In this study, effects of sugar factory waste on physicochemical properties of soils under crop of gram (Cicer arietinum L.) have been evaluated. The soil showed marked changes in its physicochemical properties after application of the waste. The soil has shown an increase in organic matter, chlorides, calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium. However, nitrogen and phosphorus grossly remained unaffected as compared to control soil. The pH in all the soils remained neutral or slightly acidic. The increase in total solute concentration is the result of continuous evapotranspiration, which leaves salts behind in the soils. These salts accumulate in long run making the soils unsuitable for plant growth. Sodium blocks the exchange sites of soils, minerals and organic matter that make the soils to disperse and impermeable to water. Such soils develop a dark brown surface crust of salts and usually called as sodic or black alkali soils. Ca:K ratio was found to be decreased with the wastewater irrigation. The usefulness of wastewaters in irrigation can be a good means of their recycling as has been suggested by several workers, but the irrigation cannot be carried out indiscriminately with wastewaters. It is often necessary to give some degree of treatment to most wastewaters before using them for irrigation. Dilution can also be carried out in case of high quantities of salts present in wastewaters. This will help in preventing deterioration of soils in long run.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 52958
Title: Primary productivity studies in some freshwater reserviors of Sangli District, Maharashtra
Author: Alaka Patil and Niranjana Chavan
Editor: Prof K. P. Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 9, No 1, March 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment & Pollution Technology
Keywords: Primary productivity, Freshwater reservoirs, Sangli district
Abstract: Primary productivity of water body gives a quantitative information about the amount of energy available to support the bioactivity of system. The aquatic bodies namely Bhambarde, Lengre and Atpadi were selected for primary productivity studies. Experiments were carried out from August 2006 to July 2007. The gross primary productivity of Bhambarde reservoir varied from 1.49 to 5.14 O2 mg/L/h. At Lengre reservior, GPP value ranged from 1.56 to 5.28 O2 mg/L/h. Atpadi reservoir showed GPP value varying from 1.31 to 4.98 O2 mg/L/h.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None