ID: 66094
Title: Systems approach vis-à-vis carbon sequestration: issues and strategies
Author: Pradip Dey , S. R. Singh and B. S. Sekhon
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (12) 1420-1426 25 Dec. (2024)
Subject: Systems approach vis-à-vis carbon sequestration: issues and strategies
Keywords: Barriers to adoption, carbon sequestration, factor interplay, policy framework.
Abstract: Potential carbon sequestration in a cropping system
depends on biophysical factors like soil type, water
availability, agro-climate, land use and tillage practices.
The benefit accrued depends on socio-economic factors
and legal rights of land, which have been discussed.
Potential barriers to adoption and relative importance
of such hurdles have been discussed; the relative importance followed the order: knowledge > economic >
biophysical > cultural = right to soil. A scale neutral
nationwide policy framework for carbon sequestration
and attaining land degradation neutrality has also been
suggested
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Hartwig, N. L. and Ammon, H. U., Cover crops and living mulches.
Weed Sci., 2002, 50, 688–699.
Vicente-Vicente, J. L., García-Ruiz, R., Francaviglia, R., Aguilera,
E. and Smith, P., Soil carbon sequestration rates under Mediterranean woody crops using recommended management practices: a
meta-analysis. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ., 2016, 235, 204–214.
Literature cited 2: Carlson, S. and Stockwell, R., Research priorities for advancing
adoption of cover crops in agriculture-intensive regions. J. Agric.
Food Syst. Commun. Dev., 2013, 3, 125–129.
Das, B. et al., Performance of mango (Mangifera indica) based
agri-horticultural systems under rainfed plateau conditions of eastern India. Indian J. Agric. Sci., 2017, 87, 521–527.
ID: 66093
Title: Advancements in oil extraction technologies: a review of various approaches for Mahua oil extraction
Author: Abir Chakravorty and Somnath Roy
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (12) 1410-1419 25 Dec. (2024)
Subject: Advancements in oil extraction technologies: a review of various approaches for Mahua oil extraction
Keywords: Mahua oil, mechanical pressing, oil extraction technologies, sustainable extraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction
Abstract: The present study surveys the current techniques of oil
extraction, specifically mechanical pressing, and ultrasound-assisted extraction methods. Based on research
studies, we review each approach in terms of advantages and disadvantages, which are especially highlighted in relation to their impact on yield, quality,
affordability, and scalability. In addition, a new approach to Mahua oil extraction is introduced here, which
would improve process efficiency and output while
paying attention to environmental and economic factors.
The current review again emphasizes the need to use
the latest technologies, mechanical pressing, and ultrasound-assisted extraction to meet the emerging requirements of health-conscious and environment-friendly
practices in essential oil production
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Sahu, F. M., Suthar, S. H., Suthar, H. G. and Jena, S., Mahua seeda multipurpose tree-borne oilseeds (TBOs) of India. Indian Farmer,
2022, 9(11), 536–547.
Singh, N. P., Karthikeyan, S., Lakshminarasimhan, P. and Prasanna,
P. V., Flora of Maharashtra State-Dicotyledons – Volume 2, Botanical
Survey of India, Calcutta, 2000, pp. 324–329.
Literature cited 2: Hegde, N. G. and Daniel, J. N., Promotion of non-wood forest produce through social forestry: proceedings of a National Workshop,
held 8–11 March 1992, 1993.
Hiwale, S., Sustainable Horticulture in Semiarid Dry Lands,
Springer India, 2015, pp. 135–152.
ID: 66092
Title: Studying the landscape of ecosystem services valuation research: a bibliometric approach
Author: Cibin J. Das, A. Prema and Greeshma Susan Mathew
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (12) 1403-1409
25 Dec. (2024)
Subject: Studying the landscape of ecosystem services valuation research: a bibliometric approach
Keywords: Bibliometric analysis, ecosystem service, research trends, sustainable development, VOSviewer.
Abstract: The present study attempts a bibliometric analysis of global research priorities on ecosystem services (ES) valuation between 1998 and 2023. The analysis is conducted based on 1610 research
articles identified using the Scopus database, which is further examined using VOSviewer. The study
identifies influential articles, authors, major research themes, countries and institutions working on
ES valuation. The growing number of publications and citations indicate that the status of ES
research has grown over time. Citation analysis of publications and co-occurrence analysis of prominent keywords are also performed to investigate research hotspots and widely used techniques.
The ES research focuses on land-use change, urban planning, decision-making, environmental protection and sustainable development through valuing different ecosystems. Our findings can be a
valuable reference for different stakeholders and provide insights for future research
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Costanza, R. et al., The value of the world’s ecosystem services
and natural capital. Nature, 1997, 387(6630), 253–260.
Daily, G. C., Introduction: what are ecosystem services? In Nature’s
Services: Societal Dependence on Natural Ecosystems (ed. Daily,
G. C.), Island Press, Washington DC, 1997, pp. 1–10.
Literature cited 2: Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, Ecosystems and Human Well-being: Synthesis, Island Press, Washington DC, 2005, p. 155.
Pearce, D. W. and Pretty, J. N., Economic Values and the Natural
World, Earthscan Publications, London, 1994, pp. 13–23.
ID: 66091
Title: Morpho-taxonomy and molecular intrusion!
Author: Potharaju Venu and Munivenkatappa Sanjappa
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (12) 1402-1402 25 Dec. (2024)
Subject: Morpho-taxonomy and molecular intrusion!
Keywords: Chloroplast DNA, cladistics, herbaria, nuclear DNA, phylogenetic analysis.
Abstract: The present article is partly a follow-up to an editorial in Current Science (2023, 125(11), 1155–
1156) defending taxonomy and concerns about waning landscapes and floras. Some remarks were
made on the expositions presented in this editorial. The article reiterates the importance of morphotaxonomy in biodiversity documentation and its sustainable utilization. It explains how molecular
taxonomy which does not handle explorations, enumerations, and floras independently grew at the
price of morpho-taxonomy. It emphasizes that molecular approaches have quite a few limitations
with more convolutedness in experimentation and circumambulation in data processing. Name
changes happening, principally below the generic level through molecular approaches and in phylogenetic perspective may destroy the long-existing and established literature/names. Our molecular
approaches should be situation specific as needs arise and, more precisely, when taxonomic issues
are identified as complexes based on morpho-taxonomy.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Conservation International; https://www.conservation.org›priorities›
biodiversity-hotspots
Gowda, V., Rooting for the love of plants: importance of being a
taxonomist. Curr. Sci., 2023, 125(11), 1155–1156.
Literature cited 2: Venu, P., Strobilanthes Blume (Acanthaceae) in Peninsular India,
Botanical Survey of India, St Joseph’s Press, Thiruvananthapuram,
2006.
Singh, P. and Dash, S. S., Indian Botanic Gardens, Role in Conservation, Botanical Survey of India, Ministry of Environment, Forest
& Climate Change, New Delhi, 2017.
ID: 66090
Title: Insights from carbonized seeds: agricultural systems in the lower Ganga Plain (3000 yrs BP)
Author: Insights from carbonized seeds: agricultural systems in the lower Ganga Plain (3000 yrs BP)
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (12) 1394-1396 25 Dec. (2024)
Subject: Insights from carbonized seeds: agricultural systems in the lower Ganga Plain (3000 yrs BP)
Keywords: None
Abstract: In the history and archaeology of India, the
Ganga Plain has a pronounced position.
The Ganga Plain is mainly divided into
three main parts: (i) the upper Ganga Plain,
(ii) the middle Ganga Plain and (iii) the
lower Ganga Plain1,2. It is an important region for archaeobotanical studies as it houses numerous archaeological sites, and was
the region where second urbanism emerged
in India. Carbonized plant remains from
archaeological sites can provide clues crucial for understanding the culture–climate–
subsistence relationship during prehistoric
times. The gradually growing database on
crop remains from excavations in different
regions of India during the past few decades has securely established that in addition to the indigenous crops, a continuous
and substantial expansion in the kinds of
subsistence resources of the Mediterranean,
Central Asian, African and Eurasian have
made generous dynamism in the economy
of the early farming communities3–11. The
socio-political, economic and environmental conditions that existed during the last
five millennia are of interest among archaeologists, archaeobotanists and quaternary
scientists10–14.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Pal, J. N., Pragdhara, 2008, 18, 263–281.
Singh, I. B., J. Palaeontol. Soc. India,
1996, 41, 99–137.
Literature cited 2: Saraswat, K. S., Palaeobotanist, 1992, 40,
514–545.
Saraswat, K. S., In Early Farming Communities of the Kaimur, Vol. II (ed. Singh,
B. P.), Publication Scheme, Jaipur, 2004,
pp. 416–535
ID: 66089
Title: Distinctive seed development phenomenon in Mahua (Madhuca longifolia var. latifolia (Roxb.) A. Chev.)
Author: H. T. Hegde, R. P. Gunaga, J. B. Bhusara and N. S. Thakur
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (12) 1393-1393 25 Dec. (2024)
Subject: Distinctive seed development phenomenon in Mahua (Madhuca longifolia var. latifolia (Roxb.) A. Chev.)
Keywords: None
Abstract: Madhuca longifolia var. latifolia (Mahua),
a member of Sapotaceae, is one of the ecologically and economically important native
species, greatly valued for its flowers and
seeds. Mahua products play a vital role in
income and livelihood of indigenous communities living in and around the forest
areas of tropical India. The local community
members earn considerable part of their
total income from mahua seeds and seed
oil1,2. Diversity in the fruit and seeds of
this species is an exciting research aspect.
Fruits are generally berries, ovoid, fleshy,
turning yellowish green when ripe, 3–5 cm
long with prominent distal beak. Morphometric study of this reproductive trait resulted a very interesting fact about the
presence of single and multiple seeds inside
the fruits of mahua.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Anon., Developing a strategy for forest based
livelihoods in Central India through assessment of major NTFP’s. Report, Centre for
Ecology Development and Research, Dehradun, 2013, p. 62.
Hegde, H. T., Gunaga, R. P., Thakur, N. S.,
Bhusara, J. B. and Soundarva, R. L., Curr.
Sci., 2019, 117(10), 1727–1730.
Literature cited 2: Kundu, M., Schmidt, L. H. and Jørgensen,
M. J. (eds), Madhuca longifolia (Koenig)
J.F. Morab. Seed Leaflets, 2012, 156.
Ramadan, M. F., Mohdaly, A. A., Assiri, A.
M., Tadros, M. and Niemeyer, B., J. Food
Sci. Technol., 2016, 53(5), 2149–2157.
ID: 66088
Title: The challenges of type 1 diabetes management: a focus on tribal and rural teenagers in low-income countries
Author: Aayushi Nagwanshi, Navankur Chakma, Kritika Singh, Tapas Chakma and Suyesh Shrivastava
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (12) 1390-1391 25 Dec. (2024)
Subject: The challenges of type 1 diabetes management: a focus on tribal and rural teenagers in low-income countries
Keywords: None
Abstract: The International Diabetic Federation
(IDF) Atlas 2022 reported 8.75 million
type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients
globally in 2022, with 1.9 million in low
or middle-income countries. According to
the report1
, 1.52 million (17.0%) were
younger than 20, higher than previous estimate of 1.21 million in IDF Atlas 2021
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: IDF Diabetes Atlas; https://diabetesatlas.org/
atlas/t1d-index-2022/ (accessed on 4 April
2024).
Singh, A. et al., Eur. J. Cell Biol., 2023,
102(2), 51329; doi:10.1016/j.ejcb.2023.
151329
Literature cited 2: National Programme for Prevention and Control of Cancer, Diabetes, CardioDiseases and Stroke (NPCDCS). Operational
Guidelines. Directorate General of Health
Services. Ministry of Health and Family
Welfare. Government of India; http://www.
nrhmhp.gov.in/sites/default/files/files/NCD_
Guidelines.pdf (accessed on 7 April 2024).
Virmani, A., Simon, A., Bajpai, A., Irani,
A., Jevalikar, G., Vijaykumar, M. and Sarathi, V., Management of Type 1 Diabetes in
Children and Adolescents, Indian Society
for Pediatrics and Adolescent Endocrinology
(ISPAE), Clinical Practice Guidelines,
Lucknow, 2017, 2nd edn, pp. 1–210
ID: 66087
Title: Does pearlspot exhibit lifelong monogamy? A investigative study
Author: Magdeline Christo, P. R. Divya, M. U. Rekha, Ignatious Mandro, S. Manju, K. Ashokan and Uttam Kumar Sarkar
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (12) 1389-1389 25 Dec. (2024)
Subject: Does pearlspot exhibit lifelong monogamy? A investigative study
Keywords: None
Abstract: The state fish of Kerala, Etroplus suratensis (Bloch 1790), pearlspot fish is considered as an important euryhaline species
accepted as a very good ‘gourmet choice’
with high market demand. It is extensively
distributed in the brackish and freshwaters
of India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh and Pakistan1–7
. The fish is known to exhibit typical
biparental monogamy and was found to
form mating pairs close to breeding and
courtship commenced only between such
‘attached’ pairs8
. Monogamy is found
across various animal species, including
invertebrates, teleost fishes, mammals and
most bird species. Considering the diversity
of species exhibiting monogamous behaviour, it is anticipated that different levels of
monogamy will occur, ranging from lifelong
unions with no promiscuous behaviour to
social monogamy, which allows for restricted genetic exchange9
. Here we aim to
reassess the presumed lifelong (classical)
monogamy observed in pearlspot breeding
pairs, as documented in prior studies.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Daniels, R. R., Freshwater Fishes of Peninsular India, Universities Press, Hyderabad,
2002, p. 219.
Jayaram, K. C., The Freshwater Fishes of the
Indian Region, Narendra Publ. House, Delhi,
Revised second edition, 2010, p. 338.
Literature cited 2: Jini, D., J. Genet. Eng. Biotechnol., 2017, 1,
1–8.
Kailasam, M. et al., Brackish water cage culture with multitrophic candidate species in
diverse rearing systems for alternative livelihood and social development in Maharashtra,
Navsari, Gujarat, Research Centre of CIBA,
Navsari, 2020, p. 17
ID: 66086
Title: Pathogenic bacterium isolated from the tiger barb (Puntigrus tetrazona) – a call for better management of fish farms
Author: D. Sugashri Walter Devaa U. Ramesh
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (12) 1379-1379 25 Dec. (2024)
Subject: Pathogenic bacterium isolated from the tiger barb (Puntigrus tetrazona) – a call for better management of fish farms
Keywords: None
Abstract: The tiger barb (Puntirgus tetrazona), a popular ornamental fish native to the freshwaters of Indonesia1 was first described in
1855 by Dutch ichthyologist Pieter Bleeker.
They inhabit rivers, streams and lakes with
moderate waterflow that are clear and turbid with shallow depths. The tiger barb
grows up to a maximum length of 7–10 cm
and are generally omnivorous and they often
swim in schools. It is understood that the
gut microbial community in any fish species improves performance of the fish with
respect to its size, metabolism, feeding
habits and immunity. However, the presence
of pathogenic microorganisms needs to be
explored as there are no studies and reports
regarding the presence of the same in the
gut microbiome of the tiger barb raised in
fish farms. In this study, an effort was
done to examine the presence of pathogenic bacterium in the gut of the from two important fish farms in the
Sleepless city of India ‘Madurai’.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Zhang, D. X. et al., Lett. Appl. Microbiol.,
2019, 69(2), 100–109; doi:10.1111/lam.
13172.
Charo, F. J. et al., Int. J. Fish. Aquat.,
2022, 10(6), 112–118; https://doi.org/10.
22271/fish.2022.v10.i6b.2755
Literature cited 2: Gong, Q. et al., J. Prev. Vet. Med., 2010,
32(12), 981–983.
Sreedharan, K., Philip, R. and Singh, I. B.,
Dis. Aquat. Organ., 2011, 94(1), 29–39;
doi:10.3354/dao02304.
ID: 66085
Title: Rejuvenating Pichavaram: the vibrant return of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (L.) Lam.
Author: S. Sreeram A. Arunprasath V. Sankara Vel
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (12) 1379-1379 25 Dec. (2024)
Subject: Rejuvenating Pichavaram: the vibrant return of Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (L.) Lam.
Keywords: None
Abstract: A gripping example of the glories of coastal
ecosystems is the Pichavaram Mangrove
Forest, which is tucked away on Tamil
Nadu’s eastern coast. This charming mangrove expanse, which covers an area of
about 1100 hectares, is well-known for its
intricate web of canals, entwined roots,
and varied flora and fauna. In addition to
producing an aesthetically pleasing landscape, Pichavaram’s complex network of
backwaters and canals is an essential breeding site for a wide variety of marine animals.
The thick mangrove vegetation, primarily
composed of species like Rhizophora and
Avicennia, serves as an essential natural
barrier against coastal erosion1
. The Pichavaram mangrove forest mainly comprises
Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, Sonneratia apetala, Avicennia marina,
Avicennia officinalis, Bruguiera cylindrica,
Ceriops decandra and Aegiceras corniculatum
. Once Pichavaram was flourishing
with mangroves of Aegiceras floridum,
Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Cynometra ramiflora, Kandelia candel and Xylocarpus
granatum. The plant Bruguiera gymnorrhiza became extinct from the Pichavaram
forest by the end of the 19th century.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Gnanappazham, L. and Selvam, V., Ocean
Coast. Manage., 2014, 102, 131–138.
Arunprasath, A. and Gomathinayagam, M.,
Int. J. Adv. Res., 2014, 2, 241–247.
Literature cited 2: Selvam, Y., Gnanappazham, L., Navamuniyammal, M., Ravichandran, K. K. and Karunagaran, Y. M., Atlas of Mangrove Wetlands
of India. Part I: Tamil Nadu, M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation, Chennai, 2002,
p. 100.
Perera, K. A. R. S. and Amarasinghe, M. D.,
Int. J. Mar. Sci., 2013, 3(9), 72–78.
ID: 66084
Title: Micro- and nanoplastic pollution in groundwater used for drinking – an emerging pollutant
Author: R. Srinivasan
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (12) 1377-1378 25 Dec. (2024)
Subject: Micro- and nanoplastic pollution in groundwater used for drinking – an emerging pollutant
Keywords: None
Abstract: Prior to 1950s, in the era of industrial revolution, metals
and alloys were produced for use in most walks of life.
Overexploitation of mineral resources for making the metals
and alloys led to shortage of mineral resources, and this led
to the necessity for recycling of metals and search for a
suitable replacement for metals. At this juncture, discovery
of plastic came as a boon.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1:
Literature cited 2:
ID: 66083
Title: Comparing two sensor data to perceive landscape phenology dynamics at Gir Wildlife Sanctuary, Gujarat, India
Author: Dhruvi P. Phadke , Amrit N. Chaurasia , Sheshakumar Goroshi, Mohan Ram , C. P. Singh , Bimal K. Bhattacharya and N. S. R. Krishnayya
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (11) 1357-1362 10 Dec. (2024)
Subject: Comparing two sensor data to perceive landscape phenology dynamics at Gir Wildlife Sanctuary, Gujarat, India
Keywords: PhenoCam, phenology, phenophases, Sentinel-2, vegetation indice
Abstract: Periodic observations of landscape phenology are critical for assessing growth cyclicals of forest covers. The
present study attempts to discern the phenology dynamics of dry deciduous forest cover using ground- and
satellite-based sensors and to examine their complementarity. Modelled phenophases coming from the
data of both sensors reflected dynamics of landscape
phenology matching with the pattern of deciduous
cover. Phenophases derived from the data of PhenoCam
coincided with the observed rainfall dynamics of the
region, while satellite-based phenophases could not,
largely because of a mismatch in data availability owing
to cloud cover hindrance. A correlation was seen between the measured indices of both sensors. The modelled length of the season of deciduous cover obtained
from the data of both sensors was similar. The study
tries to fill in the existing wide gap in the studies on
phenophases of Indian tropical covers and highlights
how it can assist better in gauging the ecological dynamics of protected areas.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Richardson, A. D., Keenan, T. F., Migliavacca, M., Ryu, Y., Sonnentag, O. and Toomey, M., Climate change, phenology, and phenological control of vegetation feedbacks to the climate system.
Agric. For. Meteorol., 2013, 169, 156–173.
Peñuelas, J. and Filella, I., Responses to a warming world. Science,
2001, 294, 793–795.
Literature cited 2: Singh, B., Jeganathan, C. and Rathore, V., Improved NDVI-based proxy
leaf-fall indicator to assess rainfall sensitivity of deciduousness in the central Indian forests through remote sensing. Sci. Rep., 2020,
10, 17638.
Klosterman, S. T. et al., Evaluating remote sensing of deciduous
forest phenology at multiple spatial scales using PhenoCam imagery.
Biogeosciences, 2014, 11, 4305–4320.
ID: 66082
Title: CMIP5 multi-model ensemble-based future climate projection for the Odisha state of India
Author: S. Vijayakumar and A. P. Ramaraj
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (11) 1352-1356 10 Dec. (2024)
Subject: CMIP5 multi-model ensemble-based future climate projection for the Odisha state of India
Keywords: CMIP5 ensemble, rainfall, RCP, statistical downscaling, temperature.
Abstract: Global climate models (GCMs) are vital for predicting
future climate patterns and helping countries build resilience against climate change. The present study projected
the future climate of Odisha under Representative
Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios
using Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5
(CMIP5) models due to the high vulnerability of the
state to climate change in India. Results indicate that
both minimum and maximum temperatures will rise in
the near (2011–39), mid (2040–69) and late (2070–99)
century under both RCP scenarios. Western Odisha
(Sambalpur) will experience the most significant warming, with minimum temperatures rising more than
maximum temperatures, a trend consistent in seasonal
comparisons. Mean annual rainfall is projected to increase, driven primarily by the southwest monsoon
(SWM). Western Odisha is expected to see the largest
increase in annual precipitation and SWM, while
southeastern Odisha (Khordha) will see the smallest
increase under both RCP scenarios. Under RCP 4.5,
annual rainfall is projected to increase by 0.8–4.0%,
0.4–3.6% and 3.0–6.0% during the near, mid and late
centuries respectively. Under RCP 8.5, the increases
are 4.0–8.8%, 6.3–8.7% and 8.4–17.5% for the same
periods. Consequently, government policies must bolster
resilience to withstand these escalating temperatures
and rainfall patterns.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Singh, N. P. Anand, B., Rao, K. V. and Ranjith, P. C., Spatial and
temporal assessment of climate impact on agriculture in plateau region, India. J. Agrometeorol., 2020, 22(3), 353–361.
Syed, T. H., Famiglietti, J. S., Chambers, D. P., Willis, J. K. and
Hilburn, K., Satellite-based global-ocean mass balance estimates
of interannual variability and emerging trends in continental
freshwater discharge. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 2010, 107, 17916–
17921.
Literature cited 2: Vijayakumar, S. et al., Rainfall and temperature projections and
their impact assessment using CMIP5 models under different RCP
scenarios for the eastern coastal region of India. Curr. Sci., 2021,
121(2), 222–232.
Shahid, M. et al., Simulation of rice yield with resource conserving
technologies for early, mid and end centuries under changing climatic conditions using DSSAT model. Oryza., 2022, 59(3), 359–
369; https://doi.org/10.35709/ory.2022.59.3.12.
ID: 66081
Title: Development of an IoT-based pumping control system for withdrawal of freshwater from brackish groundwater zone
Author: Manpreet Singh , J. P. Singh , Y. B. Kalnar and Mahesh Chand Singh
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (11) 1344-1351 10 Dec. (2024)
Subject: Development of an IoT-based pumping control system for withdrawal of freshwater from brackish groundwater zone
Keywords: Automation, brackish groundwater, Internet of Things, pumping, sensor
Abstract: The Internet of Things (IoT)-based pumping control
system is crucial for tackling water quality issues and
optimizing pumping operations in brackish groundwater
zones like southwest Punjab, ensuring sustainable access
to freshwater. In the present study, an IoT-based system
for controlling the pumping of freshwater from a
brackish groundwater zone in the southwest region of
Indian Punjab was developed. The developed system
was tested at different locations in the field and the
working performance was satisfactory. The statistical
comparison of the electrical conductivity (EC) recorded
with and without the developed system indicated that
the developed sensor-based automatic pumping control
system is capable of controlling the pumping of water
from tubewells with the set permissible limit of EC of
4 mS/cm as given in the source code. The results revealed
that the optimal gap between two consecutive pumping
of a tubewell for tapping good quality water in the
study area was at most 6 h as affected by EC. Furthermore, it was observed that tubewells with greater
depths (182.9–213.4 m) exhibited lower groundwater
salinity, whereas those with shallower depths (10.7 m,
19.8 m, 30.5 m and 42.7 m) showed higher salinity levels.
The lesser variation of groundwater salinity with
pumping duration was at a depth beyond 40 m from
the ground surface. The cost of the developed system was
computed to be US$ 182.16 only. Overall, the developed system which is cost-effective would be useful for
controlling the tubewell operation for tapping good
quality water from the brackish groundwater zone in
the study region
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
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Press, New York, 1993, pp. 13–24.
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ID: 66080
Title: Design and evaluation of an automatic control system for hydroponics cultivation of mint
Author: Ajay N. Satpute , N. Patel, A. K. Mishra , D. K. Singh , Viswanathan Chinnusamy and Cini Varghese
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (11) 1335-1343 10 Dec. (2024)
Subject: Design and evaluation of an automatic control system for hydroponics cultivation of mint
Keywords: Automatic control system, hydroponics, nutrient solution, sensors.
Abstract: Hydroponics is emerging as a beneficial technique to
augment food production in which the quality and
yield of a crop are improved by accurately maintaining
the desired electrical conductivity (EC), pH and dissolved oxygen (DO) in the nutrient solution. This article describes the development of an automatic control
system for mint cultivation in hydroponics that consists
of EC, pH, and DO sensors which continuously monitor
the respective parameters and control their value in
nutrient solution with the help of microcontroller and
actuators. The developed system maintained the EC,
pH and DO of the nutrient solution within their desired limits of 2.0–2.5 dS m–1
, 6.0–6.5 and above 8 ppm
respectively. The plant height, average leaf area per
plant and total chlorophyll content of the mint plants
varied between 18.9–20.3 cm, 15.69–18.45 cm2 and 23–
30 (SPAD units) respectively. The results of this study
emphasize the system’s effectiveness in monitoring and
controlling the parameters of the nutrient solution
thereby maintaining favourable growth conditions in
the hydroponic cultivation of mint.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Gashgari, R., Alharbi, K., Mughrbil, K., Jan, A. and Glolam, A.,
Comparison between growing plants in a hydroponic system and
soil-based system. In Proceedings of the 4th World Congress on
Mechanical, Chemical, and Material Engineering Madrid, Spain,
ICMIE, 2018, pp. 1–7.
Barbosa, G. L. et al., Comparison of land, water and energy requirements of lettuce grown using hydroponic vs conventional agricultural methods. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 2015, 12(6),
6879–6891.
Literature cited 2: Cooper, A., Crop production in recirculating nutrient solution. Sci.
Horticult., 1975, 3(3), 251–258.
Sharma, N., Acharya, S., Kumar, K., Singh, N. and Chaurasia, O.
P., Hydroponics as an advanced technique for vegetable production: an overview. J. Soil Water Conserv., 2018, 17(3), 364–371