ID: 53467
Title: Assessment of growth and biomass production of Cenchrus setigerus based silvipastoral system in community pasture land in Bhilwara district of Rajasthan
Author: Genda Singh and Bilas Singh
Editor: Dr. V.R.R. Singh
Year: 2010
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 136, No 7, July 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: Cenchrus setigerus, Biomass, Silvipastoral, pastureland, fodder production, soil moisture.
Abstract: About 80% areas of common pasturelands in arid and semi-arid tract of Rajasthan is extremely low productive because of excessive grazing, soil erosion and land degradation. To enhance fodder production and conserve soil moisture C. setigerus grass was sown and trees seedlings of Acacia tortilis, Acacia senegal, Acacia nilotica, Butea monosperma, Zizyphus mauritiana, Pithecolobium dulce, Prosopis cineraria and Acacia leucopholoea were planted in July 2002 at 76 community pastureland covering 2545 ha area in Bhilwara district, Rajasthan. Reseeding of these pasturelands with C. setigerus alongwith plantation of tree seedlings under contour furrow/V-ditch soil and water conservation measures enhanced the productivity of these lands. Growth and biomass production of C. setigerus varied widely and followed the pattern of rainfall. Effect of soil depend upon suitability of conservation measures adopted, whereas interferences of livestock affected grass production negatively. Naturally growing tree, shrubs, herb and grasses added to increase carrying capacity of these pasturelands. Adoption silvipastoral activities enhanced fodder production and vegetation cover.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53466
Title: Management and research perspectives for staggered flowering in Bamboo
Author: Y.C.Tripathi and N.K.Vasu
Editor: Dr. V.R.R. Singh
Year: 2010
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 136, No 7, July 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: Bamboo, flowering, staggerness, management, research aspects
Abstract: Out of the three types of bamboo flowering, gregarious flowering results in ecological disaster and enormous loss to the bamboo resource. Based on observations and experience, certain indications to predict the occurrence of flowering has been put forward, however, the timing mechanism and behavioural trigger for the flowering remains an unexplained biological mystery despite various genetic and ecological hypotheses. For indigenous people who depend on bamboo for their livelihood, bamboo flowering foretells days of hardship. It is , therefore, essential to explore the way-out and formulate appropriate strategies to stagger the gregarious flowering so as to prevent the enormous loss of bamboo resource all at once. Staggerness in flowering of particular species can be achieved by idenfying cohorts having either similar flowering cycle but different temporal periods or having a different flowering cycle and raising plantations from seeds taken from different flowering cohorts. This would require precise assessment of bamboo resource, identification of flowering cohorts and proper management. Staggered bamboo flowering may offer several advantages from management point fo view so as to combat its ailing effects.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53465
Title: Early growth comparison between seedlings and clones of Casuarina equisetifolia L.
Author: Kannan C.S. Warrier and M. Ganesan
Editor: Dr. V.R.R. Singh
Year: 2010
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 136, No 7, July 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: Clonal Forestry, Juvenility, Maturation State, Rooted Cuttings, Seed Orchard
Abstract: Difference in growth performance between seed raised and clonally propagated plant materials, derived from nine 6-year old randomly selected female trees, grown in a clone bank of Casuarina equisetifolia L. was examined upto 3 years under controlled conditions. Half yearly observations on total height, collar diameter and data on shoot length, root length, collar diameter, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root fresh weight, root dry weight, biomass index and total biomass (fresh weight and dry weight basis) at the age of 3 were used for the study. The results of this early growth comparison clearly indicated the superiority of seedlings over rooted cuttings. This could be attributed to the fact that seeds were obtained as a result of random mating of the superior casuarina selections in the clone bank. Being a polygamous species, possibility of using clone bank as a research seed orchard exists in this species. Flowering and fruit setting were observed in clones from 8 months onwards. However, no flowering was noticed in any of the seedlings. As mature branchlet cuttings from higher up the stem can be rooted which will flower at a very early stage, clonal route will be the most promising option to raise orchards for quick and quality seed production in C. equisetifolia.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53464
Title: Carbon benefits growing trees of medicinal importance in Punjab
Author: Suresh Chauhan and Mohit Gera
Editor: Dr. V.R.R. Singh
Year: 2010
Publisher: The Indian Forester, Vol 136, No 7, July 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Forestry
Keywords: Carbon benefits, Tree species of medicinal importance, Clean development mechanism, Punjab
Abstract: Forestry CDM projects involving plantation of native species offer opportunity for CO2 mitigation by removal of accumulated CO2 in atmosphere and sequester it in vegetation, soil and wood products. Besides being grown for longer periods, tree species of medicinal importance are associated with recurring benefits to the growers, on account of fruits, seeds and other products. The present study on plantation of tree species of medicinal importance such as Amla, Arjun, Bael, Bahera, Harar, Jamun, Neem and Reetha on forest as well as the private lands have shown that there is significantly large sequestration potential in the range of 3.56 to 16.77 tons of CO2 per ha per year with corresponding carbon benefits of Rs 819/- to Rs 3,858/- and Rs 1,638/- to Rs 7,716/- under carbon prices of $5 and $10 per ton of CO2 respectively, on per ha per annum for a project period of 30 years. The study has further shown that the increase in return on account of carbon revenue is likely to motivate the small farmers to opt for plantation of these species on community lands and farm bunds.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53463
Title: In vitgro antimicrobial activity of Rose flowers
Author: R. Vishnudevi and P.Tatke
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy, Dr. P.K. Wong, Dr. Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 2, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Rosa damascena, Rose petals, Antimicrobial activity
Abstract: Fresh and dried rose petals of Rosa damascena Mill. and biotechnologically cultivated hybrid variety were extracted separately with ethanol. The extracts were evaluated for nature, percentage yield and presence of phytoconstituents. The extracts exhibited prominent antimicrobial activity at 100mg for various gram positive and gram negative bacteria and fungi.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53462
Title: Studies on quality characteristics of groundnut cake (Kulikuli) as affected by ginger, soaking and pulverization treatments
Author: C.F. Ezeama and J.C. Ogbonnaya
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy, Dr. P.K. Wong, Dr. Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 2, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Groundnut cake, Saoking, Pulverization, Ginger, Microbial quality
Abstract: Groundnut cake (Kulikuli) samples were prepared with ginger (1.0% w/w) and without ginger. The effect of ginger, soaking for 30, 45 and 60 min and pulverizing treatments on the samples were evaluated for quality characteristics (microbial, proximate, functional and sensory properties). The ginger treated (GT) and 30 min soaked samples differed significantly (p=0.05) with lower (1.22 x 104 cfu g-1) total viable count (TVC) than the non-ginger treated (NGT) soaked samples (1.50 x 105cfu g-1). The same trend was observed for pulverized samples which had a TVC of 2.67 X 104cfu g-1 for GT and 2.80105cfu g-1 NGT. Pulverized samples irrespective of ginger treatment had higher TVC and fungal counts and differed significantly (p=0.05) from soaked samples. The most prevalent bacteria in the products were Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus while the fungal species included Aspergillus flavus, Penicillum digitatum and Geotrichum candidum. The pulverised GT had 42.16% protein while that of 30 min soaked sample reduced significantly (p=0.05) to 25.57% with further reduction to 17.28% at 60 min. The fat, fibre and ash contents followed similar trend. Longer soaking time increased the moisture and carbohydrate contents. Ginger treatment resulted in significant p=0.05 increase in water and oil absorption capacity of the product. The bulk density or gelling points of the products were not significantly different though a low level bulk density was observed. The taste , aroma and oveall acceptibility of GT sampels were more preferred than the NGT samples
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53461
Title: Lipase and catalase production by fluorescent Pseudomonads during diesel and kerosene utilization
Author: N. Jyothi and V. Umamaheswara Rao
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy, Dr. P.K. Wong, Dr. Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 2, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Fluorescent pseudomonads, lipase and catalase production etc
Abstract: This study attempts to present a comprehensive discussion on potentially of production of lipase and catalase by fluorescent pseudomonads isolated from local red soil of the Acharya Nagarjuna University campus of the Guntur district, Andhra Pradesh. The isolates were identified to species level by morphological, physiological and biochemical characters as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas aureofaciens, Pseudomonas putida and Pseudomonas fluorescens. Enzyme production by these fluorescent pseudomonads was assessed by inoculating the cultures into medium containing petroleum hydrocarbons viz., diesel and kerosene. Results indicated that all the isolates showed extracellular enzymatic activity when screened for production of lipase and catalase. The isolates were found to be more effective in utilization of petroleum hydrocarbons as sole source of carbon and energy and produced lipase and catalase at a significant level when compared with control (with out any hydrocarbon). THus these Pseudomonas isolates were found to be significant sources for the production of industrially important enzymes.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53460
Title: Heavy metal tolerance and metal induced oxidative stress in Spirulina platensis
Author: Agi M. Thomson and G. Muraleedhara Kurup
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy, Dr. P.K. Wong, Dr. Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 2, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Bioremediation, Chlorophyll, Cyanobacteria, Glutathione, Heavy metals, Metal accumulation
Abstract: Currently algae are being used in field and laboratory phytotoxicity tests for environmental monitoring and assessment of pollution. In this contest experiments were undertaken in laboratory condition to investigate the growth response of Spirulina to toxic heavy metals as the mechanism of tolerance, seems to be dependent on the metal involved. The algae were cultured in CFTRI medium enriched with different concentrations of metals for a period of 30 days. Growth index including total chlorophyll, protein content and glutathione -phytochelatin thiloic groups were estimated for each incubation period. Metal accumulation was estimated by AAS. Results indicated that supplementation of lower concentration of almost all metals was favorable for growth. Growth reduced significantly with higher concentrations of Hg, Ni and Cu. Among the metals Mercury was most toxic and the order of toxicity being Hg>Ni>cu>Zn>Fe. Zinc and Iron showed a growth promoting effect up to a concentration of 10 ?g/mL and 100 ?g/mL respectively showing a high tolerance. Hyper tolerance which made accumulation possible depends upon the mechanism to withstand metal induced stress with na increase in thiol production. Protein increased with low metal concentrations but decreased with high concentration. Little is known about the mineral concentration and metal uptake capacity in Spirulina, while such information has been demanded greatly in the assessment of algal food values.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53459
Title: Antimicrobial activity of Pseudomonas stutzeri isolated from earthworm (Eisenia foetida) gut
Author: N.D.Prasanna, K. Vijayalakshmi, S. Haritha Devi, K. Pavana Jyotsna, S.K.Shaheen and P. Devika
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy, Dr. P.K. Wong, Dr. Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 2, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Earthworm Gut Bacteria (EGB), Eisenia foetida, Antimicrobial activity, Pseudomonas stutzeri
Abstract: Earthworm gut is a unique habitat of its kind, was investigated as a source of bacteria to screen for the production of antimicrobial substances. A total of twenty bacteria with distinct characteristic features were isolated from earthworm (Eisenia foetida) gut samples by crowed plate technique. The cell free supernatent was studied for antimicrobial activity against test microorganisms such as Escherichia coil, Klebsiella sps, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus vulgaris, Fusarium oxysporum, F.udum, F. moniliformae by Agar well diffusion method. It was observed that one promising isolate EGB3 (Earthworm Gut Bacteria) identified as Pseudomonas stutzeri by 16S rRNA analysis showed both antibacterial as well as antifungal activity. The culture supernatant fo EGB3 isolate showed maximum inhibition zone (23mm) in case of Fusarium oxysporum, F. udum, F.moniliformae, and F.solani when compared to other isolates.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53458
Title: Diffential expression and purification of chilli lipoxygenase
Author: A. Sucharitha and P. Uma Maheswari Devi
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy, Dr. P.K. Wong, Dr. Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 2, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Lipoxygenase, SDS-PAGE, Chilli, Linoleic acid, Linolenic acid
Abstract: The developmental expression of Lipoxygenase was investigated in different chilli varieties. The enzyme had pH optima, at pH 6.5. The lipoxygenase demonstrated highest substrate specificity towards linolenic acid, followed by linoleic acid during the course of germination. Lipoxygenase was purified 27.87 folds from the homogenate supernatant fo chilli seedlings by fractionated ammonium sulphate precipitation and anion exchange chromatography. Separation and qualitative analysis of LOX protein was done by SDS-PAGE to determine the molecular weight of LOX portein and was found to be approximately 90 KDa.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53457
Title: Biopesticidal potential of cold ethyl alcohol extract of Vinca rosea against the Asian cutworm Spodoptera litura. F (Lepidoptera :Noctuidae)
Author: Pratibhav Deshmukhe, Ashok A Hooli and S.N. Holihosur
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy, Dr. P.K. Wong, Dr. Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 2, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Biopesticide, Spodoptera litura Fabricius, Vinca rosea, Polyphagous pest
Abstract: The tobacco caterpillar Spodoptera litura Fabricius has emerged as a serious and dominant pest on many agricultural crops causing enormous losses. The use of plant extracts of various medicinal plants against the different development stages of S. litura to test their efficacy in organic farming is the need of the day. A cold ethyl alcohol extract of leaves of Vinca rosea at different concentrations from 0.5 percent to 25 percent was administered to lab-reared; pre starved fourth instar larvae topically as well as through food. The fourth instar larvae treated topically with the 25 percent extract exhibited a total larval mortality of 71.66 + 1.66 percent and the maximum total percent mortality was 85 + 00 during its development to the adult stage. The larvae that were administered the plant extract through their food showed a percent total mortality of 85, of which 63.33 + 1.66 percent was at the larval stage itself, at 25 percent concentration. Deformities and mortality were observed in the dead larvae and pupae for both the tests. However, deformities in adults appeared for topical treatment alone (20+ 00 percent at 25 percent concentration). The LC50 and LC90 for topical application was 17.66 and 37.78 respectively. The same for leaf application was 22.68 and 61.03. The botanical also exhibited phagodeterrent properties.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53456
Title: Optimal production of thermostable alkaline protease from Bacillus substilis (NCIM 2724) using wheat bran and rice bran
Author: P. Naga Jyothi and S. Suryanarayana Raju
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy, Dr. P.K. Wong, Dr. Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 2, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Proteases, Bacillus substilis, Optimal production SMF, SSF
Abstract: The alkaline protease are being produced from bacteria, yeasts and moulds. Among them, the bacterial alkaline proteases are produced in the largest amounts for various applications. Different agricultural by-products, viz, wheat bran, rice bran, soybean meal, Groundnut waste, coconut wastes were tested as substrates for optimisation of the fermentation medium for maximum protease production by using Bacillus substilis (NCIM 2724) in SSF and SMF conditions. The wheat bran and rice bran have been selected for the production of alkaline protease as they are found to be good carbon and nitrogen sources for Bacillus subtilis. Effect of different initial pH, temperature, incubation time and the influence of different additives to the production media on the protease production were studied. The maximum enzyme activity was obtained in SSF conditions with wheat bran as substrate at an initial pH of 9.0, temperature of 650C, incubation time of 96 hours and with the addition of yeast to the media. This smaller and economic experimental design would be highly useful in the optimization of no. of fermentation processes.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53455
Title: Allelopathic effects of Saponin extracted from Alternanthera philoxeroides on seedling growth of deep water paddy
Author: Piyush Kumar Mishra and Soneswar Sarma
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy, Dr. P.K. Wong, Dr. Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 2, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Allelopathy, A. philoxeroides, Deep water rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Bao), Saponin seedling growth
Abstract: Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb., an aquatic perennial macrophyte, commonly known as ' Alligator weed ' is a dominant weed of deep water rice fields in Assam. The productivity of rice get effected severely due to its profound growth. Saponin has been extracted from this weed which inhibited seedling growth of deep water rice cultivar (Oryza sativa. L. cv. Bao). The inhibitory effects were found to be more pronounced at higher concentrations of saponin. Shoot growth of rice cultivar was inhibited more than the growth of radicle. Therefore, the weed has allelopathic potential. In allelopathy, the living or dead plants release allelochemicals, which mostly exert negative effects on the neighbouring or associated plants.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53454
Title: Demographic study of Abo and Rh (D) blood groups among Muslim population of Jaunpur district (UP)
Author: Vandana Rai, Shabnam Jahan and Pradeep Kumar
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy, Dr. P.K. Wong, Dr. Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 2, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Allele Frequency, Antigens, ABO, Rh(D), Muslim
Abstract: The distribution of ABO blood groups and Rh (D) factor has been studied among the Muslim population of Jaunpur district, Uttar Pradesh. The overall ABO percentage is B (44.75%) > O (22.75%)>A(20.75%) >AB(11.75%). The frequencies of Rh positive and Rh-negative individuals are 95% and 5% respectively.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53453
Title: A comparative account of floral diversity in midland and coastal sacred groves of North Malabar
Author: P.C.Deepamol and K.M.Khaleel
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy, Dr. P.K. Wong, Dr. Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 12, No 2, 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Science,Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-12
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Sacred groves, Floral diversity, North Malabar, Pungottu kavu, Edayile kadu
Abstract: Sacred groves represent patches of forests protected by assigning them as the abode of Gods and Goddesse. Many of the sacred gorves have great species diversity and contained rare and endangered flora that are found else where. Sacred groves are minibiosphere reserve. We visited certain sacred groves in midland and coastal region of North Malabar. Among them Pungottu kavu, (midland sacred grove) and Edayile kadu (Costal Sacred grove) are very important. The present paper highlights a comparative account of floral diversity in midland andcostal sacred groves of North Malabar. For the taxonomic study, we frequently field visited and with help of authentic books and experts in the fields all the plants are identified. In "Pungottu Kavu ' , the dominant family is the Myristicaceae. Important flora found at here are Myristica malabarica, Hopea parviflora, Holigaena aenottiana, Knema attinuata etc. It is a myristica swamp. Rare and endemic taxa and botanically interesting giant specimens were recorded in this area. In Edayile Kadu, we found a dominant association of Diospyros perigrina , Holigarna arnottiana and Hopea parviflora. Presence of cane breaks is another pecularity. Sacred groves deliver a number of ecosystem services. Conservation of biodiversity and maintenance of the ecosystem is very important for the exisence of human race. So we must protect sacred groves.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None