ID: 53677
Title: Estimation of municipal solid waste generation and landfill area in Asian developing countries
Author: Anupam Khajuria, Yugo Yamamoto and Tohru Morioka
Editor: Dr. R.C.Dalela
Year: 2010
Publisher: Triveni Enterprises, Vol 31, No 5 , September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Environmental Biology
Keywords: Municipal solid waste, Urbanization, waste generation, Landfill area, Asian developing countries
Abstract: In developing Asian countries, the municipal cooperations are unable to handle the increasing amount of municipal solid waste, which into the uncollected waste being spread on roads and in other public areas leading to tremendous pollution and destruction of land and negative impact on human health. Generation of municipal solid waste increase with the rapid urbanization and accelerated economic development with in the rapidly growing advanced technological societies. The nature of municipal solid waste is a term usually applied to a heterogeneous collection group of waste produced in urban areas, the nature of which varies from region to region. The common problem faced by all developing Asian countries, is the disposal of municipal solid waste and availability of land fill site area. Present study explains the correlation analysis of among different factors of municipal solid waste and the objective is to assess the future municipal solid waste stream in Asian developing countries. The other goal of this study was to calculate the future land area that would be required for landfill site disposal in Asian developing countries.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53676
Title: Enumeration and identification of gram negative bacteria present in soil underlying urban waste-sites in southwestern Nigeria
Author: A.C.Achudume and J.T.Olawale
Editor: Dr. R.C.Dalela
Year: 2010
Publisher: Triveni Enterprises, Vol 31, No 5 , September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Environmental Biology
Keywords: Enumeration, Urban wastes, Non-fermenting, Heterotrophic bacteria
Abstract: Samples of soils underlying wastes were collected from sites representing four demographic regions of a medium sized town in southwestern Nigeria. Standard methods and reference strians of isolated bacteria were employed for identification. Evaluation of the enzymatic and biochemical reactions showed that all isolated and identified microbes were non-fermenting heterotrophic (HTB). For example, Klebsiella pnemuniae may be involved in wound infections, particularly following bowel surgery. Similarly, pseudomonas aeruginosa can produce serious nosocomial infections if it gains access to the body through wounds or intravenous lines. From the 15 culture plates, 88 colonies with various characteristics wer enumerated. They different in aspect of viscosity and color. The bacterial species were identified by percent positive reactiosn while oxidative and sugar fermentation tests revealed various characteristics among the isolated strains. All of the isolates were negative for citrate utilization, gelatin liquefaction, nitrate reduction, methyl red and Voges Proskaur, motility and hydrogen sulphate production. The quantity of HTB present in an area serves as an index of the general sanitary conditions of that area. The presence of a large number of HTB, in a ecological area may be considered a liability, as it can enhance the spread of diseases and on a larger scale may enable epidemics to arise. Therefore, there is need for control of waste sites by recovery and regular germicidal sanitation.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53675
Title: Effective antibacterial and antioxidant properties of methanolic extract of Laurus nobilis seed oil
Author: Birgul Ozcan, Mari Esen, M. Kemal Sangun, Arzu Coleri and Mahmut Caliskan
Editor: Dr. R.C.Dalela
Year: 2010
Publisher: Triveni Enterprises, Vol 31, No 5 , September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Environmental Biology
Keywords: Seed oil, Antimicrobial activity, Antioxidant activity, Laurus nobilis
Abstract: This study was carried out to determine the in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the essential oil, seed oil, and methanolic extract of seed oil obtained from Laurus nobilis L. (Lauraceae). The methanolic extract of seed oil exhibited more effective antibacterial activity comparing to essential oil and seed oil. GC-MS analyses of the essential oil resulted in the identification of 25 compounds. 1.8-Cineol (44.72%), a - Terpinyl acetate (12.95%), Sabinene (12.82%) were the main components. The fatty acid composition was characterized with the high content of linoleic acid (40.79%) and lauric acid (38.08%). The 50% (IC50) inhibition activity of the essential oil on the free radical DPPH was determined as 94.655 mgml-1, whereas IC50 value of methanolic extract of seed oil was found unstable. In the case of the linoleic acid system, oxidation of linoleic acid was inhibited by essential oil and methanolic extract of seed oil, which showed 64.28 and 88.76% inhibition, respectively. The inhibition value of the methanolic extract of seed oil was quite close to the synthetic antioxidant BHT, 92.46% inhibition.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53674
Title: Seasonal succession and diversity of phytoplankton in a eutrophic lagoon (Liman lake)
Author: Elif Neyran Soylu and Arif Gonulol
Editor: Dr. R.C.Dalela
Year: 2010
Publisher: Triveni Enterprises, Vol 31, No 5 , September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Environmental Biology
Keywords: Phytoplankton, Lagoon, Seasonal succession, Liman lake, Kizilimak Delta, Salinity
Abstract: The seasonal succession, composition and diversity of phytoplankton in a eutrophic lagoon (Liman lake) were studied between January 2002 and November 2003. Samples were collected from surface water and deeper (1m depth) at stations and species diversity (Shannon-Weaver,H) and eveness were calculated. Shannon Diversity was similar at Station 1 and Station 2. Minimum and maximum diversity values (0.101 and 0.765 bits. mm-3) were recorded in June and July 2003 at Station 2. Cluster analysis and NMDS (Non metric multidimensial scaling) were applied to the phytoplankton community. The lagoon exhibits high conductivity (7211-10757 ? Scm-1), mean temperature of 17.7 0C, varying concentrations of dissolved oxygen (3.3-8.4 mgl-1). Light, temperature, rainfall, turbidity and salinity were expected to be the main factors affecting the seasonal succession. The seasonal succession of phytoplankton were similar at surface water and 1m depth. A total of 130 taxa belonging to Bacillariophyta, Chrlolorphyta, Euglenophyta, Cyanophyta, Dinophyta, Xantophyta, Chrysophyta and Cryptophyta divisions were identified. Pseudanabaena limnetica, Kirchneriella obsea, Kirchneriella lunaris, Ankistrodesmus falcatus and Ankistrodesmus spiralis were highly represented.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53673
Title: Usage and the economic potential of the medicinal plants in Eastern Black Sea Region of Turkey
Author: Devlet Toksoy, Mahmut Bayramoglu and Sezgin Hacisalihoglu
Editor: Dr. R.C.Dalela
Year: 2010
Publisher: Triveni Enterprises, Vol 31, No 5 , September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Environmental Biology
Keywords: Herbal market, Medicinal plants, Ethnopharmacology, Turkey
Abstract: Medically used plant species in Eastern Black Sea Region of Turkey was determined in this study. Totally 50 species within 24 families have been designated in 25 research points, using the face to face polling method with the herbs sellers and purchasers. 14 species of studied plants are endemic and pointed out as endangered species according to the IUCN list (The World Conservation Union). In which health problem the medicinal plants are used, their usage art, area and the used parts have been determined too. The research results show that 12.58% of the species are used in intestinal problems and 8.60% for diuretic. Evaluating from this point of view the region includes very rich species could be used in different health problems. The results shows that average annual income of the medically used plant selling companies is about 33,333 $. Increasingly demands for the medically used plants have been raised the medically used plant companies about 60% in the last decade. The relevance of Ethnopharmacologically used plants is increasing in Turkey and in the World. Important is to meet the demand without endanger the rich plant species resources.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53672
Title: Protective effect of Kombucha mushroom (KM) tea on phenol-induced cytotoxicity in albino mice
Author: Kursad Yapar, Kutigin Cavusoglu, Ertan Oruc and Emine Yalcin
Editor: Dr. R.C.Dalela
Year: 2010
Publisher: Triveni Enterprises, Vol 31, No 5 , September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Environmental Biology
Keywords: In-vivo micronucleus assay, Kombucha mushroom tea, Phenol toxicity, Pathology, Weight gain
Abstract: The present study was carried out to evaluate the protective role of kombucha mushroom (KM) tea on chytotoxicity induced by phenol (PHE) in mice. We used weight gain and micronucleus (MN) frequency as indicators of cytotoxicity, and supported these parameters with pathological findings. The animals were randomly divided into seven groups : (Group I) only tap water (Group II) 1000 ?l kg-1b. wt KM- tea, (Group III) 35 mg kg-1 body wt. PHE (Group IV) 35 mg kg-1 body wt. PHE + 250 ?l kg-1b. wt KM- tea (Group V) 35 mg kg-1 b. wt. PHE+ 500 ?l kg-1b. wt KM- tea (Group VI) 35 mg kg-1 b. wt. PHE+ 750 ?l kg-1b. wt KM- tea, (Group VII) 35 mg kg-1 b. wt. PHE+ 1000 ?l kg-1b. wt KM- tea, for 20 consecutive days by oral gavage. The results indicated that all Km-tea supplemented mice showed a lower MN frequency than erythrocytes in only PHE-treated group. There was an observable regression on account of lesions in tissues of mice supplemented with different doses of KM-tea in histopathological observations. In conclusion, the KM-tea supplementation decreases cytotoxicity induced by PHE and tits protective role is dose-dependent.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53671
Title: Growth response of Lebanon cedar (Cedrus libani) plantations to thinning intensity in Western Turkey
Author: Serdar Carus and Yilmaz Catal
Editor: Dr. R.C.Dalela
Year: 2010
Publisher: Triveni Enterprises, Vol 31, No 5 , September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Environmental Biology
Keywords: Lebanon cedar, Stand growth, Thinning intensity, Tree growth
Abstract: This paper presents the growth response of 25 yr old Lebanon cedar (Cedrus libani A. Rich) plantation to thinnings of different intensities in Isparta in Western Turkey. The thinning intensity was measured by using the residual basal area (%) as parameter. In spring of 2005, three treatments were tested; light, moderate and heavy thinning with respectively 10, 25 and 35% of basal area removed. The statistical design of the experiment was a randomized incomplete block with two blocks and three treatments. Variables such as diameter at breast height (diameter) and height were measured. Growth rate ratios of diameter in moderately thinned and heavily thinned stands were 1.02 and 1.03, respectively. Basal area growth rates in moderately thinned and heavily thinned plots were 0.93 and 1.05, respectively. The largest values for the mean tree were observed with the heaviest thinning treatment. Absolute diameter increment was positively correlated with initial diameter in all plots. Relative diameter growth was negatively correlated with initial diameter. Growth rate interpretations were supported by analysis of variance using Duncan ' s test of range multiple. The results obtained show significant differences between treatments for tree height growth, for the two inventories carried out (2005, 2008). However, diameter, basal area and volume were not found between treatments for tree.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53670
Title: Cytotoxicity assessment of monocrotophos in Paramecium caudatum and Oxytricha fallax
Author: Nageswara Rao Amanchi and Mohd Masood Hussain
Editor: Dr. R.C.Dalela
Year: 2010
Publisher: Triveni Enterprises, Vol 31, No 5 , September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Environmental Biology
Keywords: Monocrotophos, Paramecium caudatum, Oxytricha fallax, Acute toxicity, Behavioural responses, macronuclear aberrations
Abstract: Experiments were conducted to evaluate the toxic effects of monocrotophos in ciliate models Paramecium caudatum and Oxytricha fallax. In acute toxicity studies higher concentrations of monocrotophos caused marked increase in mobility of cells exhibiting rocking movements within two mins of exposure but were decreased after 30 mins. LC50 value by mortality curve for 3 hr acute toxicity test of Oxytricha fallax and Paramecium caudatum was found 307.744 + 33.27 mg l-1 and 332.284 +57.52 mg l-1 respectively. Oxytricha fallax was found sensitive than Paramecium caudatum to monocrotophos. In acute exposure cells showed deformities such as swelling, oval shaped deformity and in higher concentrations shortening of longitudinal axis with blackening of cytoplasm occurred. The length of paramecia was reduced prominently. Similarly, enlargement of contractile vacuole and stress egestion of food vacuoles was also observed. The morphological studies showed the changes in shape, size, colour and width of Paramecia and Oxytricha. Frequencies of macronuclear aberrations were significant showing deformities such as rod shaped, elongation, fragmentation, diffusion and total absence of nucleus and were concentration dependent. The data provided in the present study on interaction of pesticides with nuclear structure can be of immense value because most of these pesticides have been reported to have carcinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic properties.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53669
Title: Heavy metals in fish species from lotic freshwater ecosystem at Afikpo, Nigeria
Author: C.D.Nwani, D.A.Nwachi, O.I.Okogwu, E.F.Ude and G.E.Odoh
Editor: Dr. R.C.Dalela
Year: 2010
Publisher: Triveni Enterprises, Vol 31, No 5 , September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Environmental Biology
Keywords: Heavy metals, Fish, Afikpo, Ecosystem, Nigeria
Abstract: A study was conducted between March 2006 and February 2007 to assess the concentration of Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Pb, and Cr in the gills and muscles of six fish species (Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus, Clarias anguillairs, Tillapia zillii, Mormyrus rume rume, Mormyrus macrophthalmus and Mormyrus tapirus) from lotic freshwater ecosystem at Afikpo South-East Nigeria using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. In all the fish species studied the concentration of metals in the gills was significantly higher than that of the muscles (p<0.05). While the highest concentration (mg l-1) of Fe (702.20 + 0.04), Zn (34.40+ 0.02), Cu (2.10 + 0.01), Mn (4.91 +0.08), Pb (0.50 +0.02) and Cr (1.12 + 0.07) were recorded in the gills of C.nigrodigitatus, that in the muscles were recorded in T. zillii (443.20 + 0.08, 23.30 +0.06, 1.33 +0.06, 3.09 +0.02, 0.31 + 0.01and 0.66 +0.04 for Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Pb and Cr respectively). The lowest concentration of all the heavy metals in the gills was recorded in M. tapirus (309.00 + 0.07, 16.45 + 0.03, 0.92 + 0.04, 2.15 + 0.04, 0.21 + 0.01 and 0.50 + 0.06 mg l-1 for Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Pb and Cr respectively) while the lowest in the muscle was recorded in C. anguillaris [Fe(186.00 + 0.07), Zn (14.20 + 0.08), Cu (0.56 +0.03), Mn (1.30 +0.02), Pb (0.10 +0.01) and Cr (0.28 +0.04)]. The order of heavy metals concentrations in both the gills and muscles was Fe>Zn>Mn>Cu>Cr>Pb. While the concentration of Zn, Cu and Pb both in the muscles and gills of all the six fish species studied were within the WHO and FEPA prescribed limits, that of Fe (except in the muscles), Mn and Cr were above the prescribed limits thus indicating contamination of the fish species by these metals. Fe has the highest bio-concentration factor (BCF) in both tissues while the least was Cu. Periodic monitoring of these metals in both fishes and river to ensure safety is advocated.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53668
Title: Application of sensory and microbial analysis to assess quality of fish in Siliguri city of West Bengal, India
Author: Prithwiraj Jha, Rudra Prasad Roy and S. Barat
Editor: Dr. R.C.Dalela
Year: 2010
Publisher: Triveni Enterprises, Vol 31, No 5 , September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Environmental Biology
Keywords: Fish quality, Sensory, Microbial analysis, Siliguri fish market
Abstract: Sensory and certain microbial analyses were applied to assess the quality of raw fish sold at a market in Siliguri city of West Bengal, India. In regular surveys undertaken during June to August 2008, a particular fish species was randomly selected, its source was noted and a sensory analysis, the quality index method (QIM) was applied to assess its quality. Raw fish samples were also collected and a small quantity (about 1 g) of scales or an upper layer of the skin surface (for scale-less fish sample), gill, liver and a portion of gut with gut-contents were aseptically removed for enumeration of the total aerobic heterotrophic bacteria, Aeromonas spp., Pseudomonas spp., Salmonella spp., and coliform counts. Oreochromis mossambicus and Tenulosa ilisha recorded significantly higher QIM scores, compared to other species (p<0.05). Riverine fish, Lepidocephalichthys guntea and Channa punctatus scored the lowest QIM scores (0) while scores for Puntius ticto and Mystus vittatus and pond cultured species like Cirrhinus mrigala, Catla catla, Labeo rohita, Labeo bata and Cyprinus carpio were very marginal (p<0.05). Aeromonas spp., Salmonella spp. and total coliforms were recorded from all the studied species while Pseudomonas spp. was isolated from only seven species. Among the tissues examined, the lowest counts of total heterotrophic bacteria, Aeromonas spp., Pseudomonas spp., Salmonella spp., and total coliforms were recorded from the skin in every fish speices. Highest counts of pathogenic bacteria (except Pseudomonas spp) were recorded in Tenulosa ilisha for all the tissues except liver. Since fish are properly cooked in Bengali households, the risk of disease from fish consumption is relatively less. However, some tribes residing in the region are known to consume undercoked fish and proper cooking methods should be followed in view of the present findings to avoid health risks. Besides, utmost care should be taken while handling fish.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53667
Title: Chemometric studies of water quality parameters of Sankarankovil block of Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu
Author: G. Alagumuthu and M. Rajan
Editor: Dr. R.C.Dalela
Year: 2010
Publisher: Triveni Enterprises, Vol 31, No 5 , September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Environmental Biology
Keywords: Correlation, Fluoride, Fluorosis, Ground water, Isopleth
Abstract: The fluoride concentration in ground water was determined in Sankarankovil block of Tirunelveli district of Tamilnadu (India) where it is only source of drinking water. Various other water quality parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity, total hardness and total alkalinity as well as calcium, magnesium, carbonate, bicarbonate and chloride concentrations were also measured. A systematic calculation of correlation co-efficient among different physico-chemical parameters was performed. The analytical results indicated considerable variations among the analyzed samples with respect to their chemical composition. Majority of the samples do not comply with Indian as well as WHO water quality standards. The fluoride concentration in the ground water of these villages varied from 0.66 to 3.84 mgl-1, causes dental fluorosis among people especially children of these villages. The high and low fluoride containing areas were located using isopleth mapping technique. Overall water quality was found unsatisfactory for drinking purposes without any prior treatment except at few locations out of 50 villages.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53666
Title: Impact of phosphorous on biochemical changes in Hordeum vulgare L. in mixed cropping with Chickpea
Author: O.P. Shukla, P.K.Singh and P.B.Deshbhratar
Editor: Dr. R.C.Dalela
Year: 2010
Publisher: Triveni Enterprises, Vol 31, No 5 , September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Environmental Biology
Keywords: Cropping system, Nitrogen fixation, Legume, Nutrition, Phosphorous
Abstract: Multiple cropping (i.e.intercropping or mixed cropping) plays an important role in agriculture because of the effective utilization of resources, significantly enhancing crop productivity compared with that of monocultured crops. The study was planed to assess the effect of various concentrations (00, 30, 60, 90 kg ha-1) of phosphorous on the biochemical composition of grains of Hordeum vulgare L. (NDB-1050) in mixed cropping system with Chickpea. Phosphorous is an essential ingredient for plants to convert atmospheric N (N2) into an ammonium (NH4) as a useable form. The available nitrogen content was found more in the year 2006 (131 kg ha-1) than year 2005 (105 kg ha-1). The results of available nitrogen content were showed that the mixed cropping system enhances N fixation process because phosphorous also influences nodule development through its basic functions in plants as an energy source. Reducing, non reducing and total sugar content of H.vulgare L. were influenced by changes in the phosphorous doses. Maximum protein (13.43%) was obtained at 60 kg P2O5 ha-1during the year 2006. Lysine, tryptophan and methionine content were found maximum in year 2006, respectively. Total mineral content of grains of plant (0.99 g 100 g-1) was found maximum by the application of 60 kg P2O5 ha-1. It is possible that there was an increase in the soil N made available by the leguminous chickpea species, and this could be another reason why there was an increase in Hordeum vulgare L. shoot mass per plant with intercropping with chickpea.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53665
Title: Heavy metal accumulation and changes in metabolic parameters in Cajanas cajan grown in mine spoil
Author: Bijoy Krishna Roy, Rajendra Prasad and Gunjan
Editor: Dr. R.C.Dalela
Year: 2010
Publisher: Triveni Enterprises, Vol 31, No 5 , September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Environmental Biology
Keywords: Cajanas cajan, Mine spoil, Metal accumulation, Protein, Chlorophyll
Abstract: The extent of accumulation of some heavy metals in root and aerial plant parts, total chlorophyll, protein and yield of C. cajan exposed to mine spoil were investigated. Chlorophyll and protein level on the control site increased from the basal level to 1.49 fold and 1.92 fold respectively on 150 d and attained a plateau within 210 d. The maximum decline in leaf protein and yield in selected mine spoil has been observed 37% 918.46 mg g-1 fresh wt) and 76% at 150 d and maintained a slight declien when duration was extended up to 210 d as compared to control. Whereas in case of photo pigment content (Chlorophyll a and b) the maximum reduction was almost 42% (0.786 mg g-1fresh wt.) during 210 d from its basal level. Plant tissues have accumulated maximum level of selected cations in control and mine spoil in the order (Fe>Mn>Zn>Cu>Pb>Ni>Cr>Cd). Metal accumulation in different plant parts was observed in the decreasing order roots>shoots>leaves>seeds. Invariably high accumulation of such cations in roots over shoots indicated accumulation, retention or restricted tanslocation from root to shoot. The metal share of seed varied from 1.3-39.5 fold as compared to their respective controls but their amount was quite below the toxic range. Thus the present work explores the metal accumulation in the plant tissues.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53664
Title: Chromium (VI) biosorption by immobilized Aspergillus niger in continuous flow system with with species reference to FTIR analysis
Author: S. Chhikara, A. Hooda, L. Rana and R. Dhankhar
Editor: Dr. R.C.Dalela
Year: 2010
Publisher: Triveni Enterprises, Vol 31, No 5 , September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Environmental Biology
Keywords: Aspergillus niger, Chromium, Biosorbent, Heavy metal
Abstract: Aspergillus niger was treated with acid and immobilized in calcium matrix. The dynamic removal of Cr (VI) ion was studied using continuously fed column packed with immobilized biosorbent beads. Column experiments were carried out to study the effect of various bed heights (20, 30, 40 cm) under different flow rates (5, 7, 5, 10 ml min-1) on efficiency of biosorption. The maximum time (1020 minutes; 17 hr) before breakthrough point was observed in case of 40 cm bed height with flow rate of 5 ml min-1.FTIR analysis of acid treated immobilized A. niger was used for a qualitative and preliminary analysis of chemical functional groups present on its cell wall which provided the information on nature of cell wall and Cr (VI) interaction during the process of biosorption. The IR spectra of biosorbent recorded before and after chromium biosorption had shown some changes in the band patterns, which were finally analyzed and was found that chemical interaction such as ion-exchange between carboxyl (-COOH), hydroxyl (-OH) and amine (-NH3) group of biosorbent and chromium ion were mainly involved in biosorption of Cr (VI) onto A. niger cell wall surface. The biosorbed metal was eluted from biosorbent by using 0.1 m H2SO4 s eluant. Immobilized biosorbent could be reused for, five consecutive biosorption and desorption cycles without apparent loss of efficiency after its reconditioning. Considering all above factors together this paper discusses the efficient chromium biosorption process carried out by immobilized A. niger biosorbent.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53663
Title: Antifeedant activity of plant extracts to an insect Helopeltis theivora
Author: A.K.Dolui and M. Debnath
Editor: Dr. R.C.Dalela
Year: 2010
Publisher: Triveni Enterprises, Vol 31, No 5 , September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Environmental Biology
Keywords: Antifeedant activity, Heliotropium indicum, Spilanthes calva, Helopeltis theivora, Methanolic extract
Abstract: The different solvent extracts (viz Petroleum ether, Ethyl acetate and Methanol) obtained from leaves and flowers of Heliotropium indicum and Spilanthes calva were screened for antifeedant activity against Helopeltis theivora. All the six different extracts showed antifeedant activity at four different concentrations. The methanolic extracts of leaves of Heliotropium indicum and Spilanthes calva exhibited significant activity at 4% concentration. The numbers of spots produced were only 18.67 and 22.67 respectively, which are significantly less than the number of spots produced in control (104.00 and 93.33 respectively). The treatment with methanolic extracts of flowers of both the plants significantly reduced the number of feeding spots to 22.33 and 23.67 respectively in ocmparison to the control values of 101.33. All the activities are dose dependent. The mean results with SEM (mean + SE) were statistically significant at 1% level (p<0.01) for three observations.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None