ID: 53932
Title: Inorganics Accumulation in Low-Sludge Wastewater Treatment Technique: Case Study of SBR with Sonication
Author: Zhang Panyue and Zhang Guangming
Editor: Dr. Shankar Lal Gargh
Year: 2010
Publisher: Research Jounal of Chemistry and Environment, Vol 14 (4), Dec 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment
Keywords: Excess sludge minimization, inorganics, accumulation, SBR, sonication
Abstract: Large amount of excess sludge imposes great environmental pollution and high handling cost and hence, excess sludge reduction techniques are of great importance. However, inorganics might accumulate in the activated sludge when less excess sludge was discharged. This paper analyzed in detail the accumulation of inorganics in a subsequent batch reactor (SBR) with ' sonication-cryptic growth ' method to reduce excess sludge. Results showed that for the treatment of normal urban sewage, ' sonication-cryptic growth ' effectively reduced the excess sludge by around 50%, inorganics accumulation in sludge was insignificant, sludge bioactivity was stable but the effluent turbidity slightly increased. On the other hand, for the treatment of artificial wastewater with 500 mg/L inorganics addition, the inorganics accumulated significantly in the activated sludge and counted for 72% of sludge dry weight after 20 d. Correspondingly, the sludge bioactivity reduced by 55.6%. As a result, the effluent turbidity reached 42 NTU and the COD removal efficiency dropped from 88% to 67%. Interestingly, sonication could improve the sludge bioactivity, reduce the inorganics accumulation and enhance the effluent quality while reducing the amount of excess sludge by around 20%. Therefore, we judged that ' sonication-cryptic growth ' method did not cause the accumulation of inorganics in sludge and might even improve the sludge activity when high turbidity wastewater was treated.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53931
Title: Competing claims and Multiple stakes: Institutions for Integrating stakeholder interests in Forest Management
Author: Rajan Gurukkal, B.R.Ramesh, M. Amruth and P.V.Karunakaran
Editor: B.R.Ramesh & Rajan Gurukkal
Year: 2007
Publisher: French Institute of Pondicherry, 2007
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Forest Landscapes of the Southern Western Ghats, India- Biodiversity, Human Ecology and Management Strategies
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: 215
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53930
Title: Strategies and Actions-II: Dealing with the Constraints
Author: P.V. Karunakaran, M. Balasubrahmanian, M. Amruth, Rajan Gurukkal and B.R.Ramesh
Editor: B.R.Ramesh & Rajan Gurukkal
Year: 2007
Publisher: French Institute of Pondicherry, 2007
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Forest Landscapes of the Southern Western Ghats, India- Biodiversity, Human Ecology and Management Strategies
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: 215
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53929
Title: Strategies and Actions-I: Accounting for values
Author: B.R.Ramesh, P.V.Karunakaran, M.Amruth, M. Balasubrahmanian and Rajan Gurukkal
Editor: B.R.Ramesh & Rajan Gurukkal
Year: 2007
Publisher: French Institute of Pondicherry, 2007
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Forest Landscapes of the Southern Western Ghats, India- Biodiversity, Human Ecology and Management Strategies
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: 215
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53928
Title: Imperatives of Change: Reflections on the current practices and policies of Forest Management
Author: M.Amruth, P.V.Karunakaran, M. Balasubramanian and B.R.Ramesh
Editor: B.R.Ramesh & Rajan Gurukkal
Year: 2007
Publisher: French Institute of Pondicherry, 2007
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Forest Landscapes of the Southern Western Ghats, India- Biodiversity, Human Ecology and Management Strategies
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: 215
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53927
Title: Resources in the Forest Landscape: Availability, Utilisation and Sustainability
Author: M. Amruth, Rajan Gurukkal and P.V.Karunakaran
Editor: B.R.Ramesh & Rajan Gurukkal
Year: 2007
Publisher: French Institute of Pondicherry, 2007
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Forest Landscapes of the Southern Western Ghats, India- Biodiversity, Human Ecology and Management Strategies
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: 215
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53926
Title: Spatially of subsistence and the Human Ecology of Landscape: Towards Self-Regulatory Forest Communities
Author: M. Amruth and Rajan Gurukkal
Editor: B.R.Ramesh & Rajan Gurukkal
Year: 2007
Publisher: French Institute of Pondicherry, 2007
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Forest Landscapes of the Southern Western Ghats, India- Biodiversity, Human Ecology and Management Strategies
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: 215
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53925
Title: Richness of Vertebrates and Spatial Features of Selected Large Mammals and Arboreal Fauna
Author: M. Balasubramanian, Pierre Couteron and P.V.Karunakaran
Editor: B.R.Ramesh & Rajan Gurukkal
Year: 2007
Publisher: French Institute of Pondicherry, 2007
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Forest Landscapes of the Southern Western Ghats, India- Biodiversity, Human Ecology and Management Strategies
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: 215
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53924
Title: Stand and Floristic Structural Variability of Natural Vegetation
Author: P.V.Karunakaran, Pierre Couteron, B.R.Ramesh and S. Aravajy
Editor: B.R.Ramesh & Rajan Gurukkal
Year: 2007
Publisher: French Institute of Pondicherry, 2007
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Forest Landscapes of the Southern Western Ghats, India- Biodiversity, Human Ecology and Management Strategies
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: 215
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53923
Title: Forest types and status: Ecological characteristics and impact of disturbance
Author: B.R.Ramesh, P.V.Karunakaran, Pierre Couteron, G.Muthu Sankar and Danny Lo Seen
Editor: B.R.Ramesh & Rajan Gurukkal
Year: 2007
Publisher: French Institute of Pondicherry, 2007
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Forest Landscapes of the Southern Western Ghats, India- Biodiversity, Human Ecology and Management Strategies
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: 215
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53922
Title: Physical and Bioclimatic Features of the Selected Landscape Units
Author: B.R.Ramesh, Pierre Couteron, Gerard Bourgeon and G.Muthu Sankar
Editor: B.R.Ramesh & Rajan Gurukkal
Year: 2007
Publisher: French Institute of Pondicherry, 2007
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Forest Landscapes of the Southern Western Ghats, India- Biodiversity, Human Ecology and Management Strategies
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: 215
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53921
Title: Identification and Mapping Landscape Units of Kerala
Author: Gerard Bourgeon, Danny Lo Seen, B.R.Ramesh
Editor: B.R.Ramesh & Rajan Gurukkal
Year: 2007
Publisher: French Institute of Pondicherry, 2007
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Forest Landscapes of the Southern Western Ghats, India- Biodiversity, Human Ecology and Management Strategies
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: 215
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53920
Title: Open Source GIS : A Grass GIS approach, Third Edition
Author: Markus Neteler and Helena Mitasova
Editor: William D. Goran
Year: 2008
Publisher: Springer, Third Edition, 2008
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Open Source GIS: A Grass GIS approach
Keywords: None
Abstract: None
Location: 215
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53919
Title: Remote sensing data classification with kernel nonparametric feature extractions
Author: Bor-Chen Kuo, Jinn-Min Yang and Cheng-Hsuan Li
Editor: Gustavo Camps-Valls, Lorenzo Bruzzone
Year: 2009
Publisher: John Wiley and Sons, Ltd, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Kernel Methods for Remote Sensing Data Analysis
Keywords: Pattern ananlysis, Fuzzy Linear Feature Extraction (FLFE) , Kernel -based version (KFFE), KDA , GDA
Abstract: In recent years, many studies have shown that kernel methods are computationally efficient, robust, and stable for pattern analysis. Many kernel-based classifiers have been designed and applied to classify remote-sensed data and some results show that kernel-based classifiers give satisfactory performances. Much research into hyperspectral image classification also shows that Nonparametric Weighted Feature Extraction (NWFE) is a powerful tool for extracting hyperspectral image features. But NWFE is still based on linear transformation. In this chapter, the kernel method is applied to extend NWFE to kernel-based NWFE (KNWFE). The new KNWFE possesses the advantages of both linear and nonlinear transformation. In addition, Fuzzy Linear Feature Extraction (FLFE) and its Kernel -based version (KFFE) are introduced. The experimental results show that KNWFE and KFFE outperform KDA and GDA.
Location: 215
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53918
Title: KPCA algorithm for hyperspectral target/anomaly detection
Author: Yanfeng Gu
Editor: Gustavo Camps-Valls, Lorenzo Bruzzone
Year: 2009
Publisher: John Wiley and Sons, Ltd, 2009
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Kernel Methods for Remote Sensing Data Analysis
Keywords: Target detection , anomaly detection,hyperspectral imagery,Kernel methods (KM)
Abstract: Target detection and anomaly detection are two important applications of hyperspectral imagery. High dimensionality and complex (nonlinear) correlation between spectral bands make difficult target/anomaly detection in hyperspectral imagery. In addition, changing imaging conditions also make the same materials have potentially different spectral observations. Kernel methods (KM) provide powerful approaches to solve these problems. In this chapter we will introduce important applications of KM to target/anomaly detection, in order to construct effective algorithms for feature extraction. By means of these algorithms, the target detection and anomaly detection performance is greatly improved.
Location: 215
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None