ID: 53976
Title: Limnological study of Jadhav Sagar lake, Shivpuri Town, Madhya Pradesh, India
Author: Anand Kumar Mishra, Mohit Arya and R. Mathur
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 9, No 4, December 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Jadhav Sagar lake, Water quality, Pollution, Physico-chemical characteristics
Abstract: Due to rapid increase in population, industrialization and agricultural practices most of the natural water resources get polluted. Disposal of untreated or partially treated industries effluents and sewage into surface waters is one of the major environmental problems. The study was carried out on Jadhav Sagar lake in Shivpuri town for a period of April 2006 to March 2007. Jadhav Sagar lake is one of the oldest water bodies which is situated in central part of the Shivpuri town. In the past, it represented the source of drinking water and fish culture. In recent times it has changed considerably due to human interference in the form of encroachment and development of residential areas, and dumping of waste and sewage. The results showed that the Jadhav Sagar lake is polluted and the water cannot be used for human needs and fish culture. The water quality of lake is deteriorating rapidly due to intense human activities and influx of pollutants from surrounding.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53975
Title: Modulating effects of Curcumin on chromium induced chromosomal aberrations in somatic cells of mice
Author: M. Moshe Raju and K. Rudrama Devi
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 9, No 4, December 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Curcuma longa, Curcumin, Chromium, Chromosomal aberrations
Abstract: The protective effects of curcumin in chromium induced cytotoxicity was evaluated in in vivo animal model using analysis of chromosomal aberrations in somatic cells of mice. Three doses of curcumin were selected for modulation and given to animals after priming with chromium. The animals ware sacrificed 48 hr after the treatement and slides were prepared. A significant decrease was observed in the percentage of chromosomal aberrations when animals were primed with curcumin. The present results clearly indicate the protective nature of curcumin against heavy metals genotoxicity.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53974
Title: Response of Ipomoea carnea Jacq. to the organic matter and water content of soils
Author: Satish A Bhalerao
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 9, No 4, December 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Ipomoea carnea, Soil metabolism, Water content, Organic matter
Abstract: Ipomoea carnea, Jacq. is an exotic weed distributed in tropical countries of Asia and America. In India it is a common weed in field and has probably got introduced along with cultivation. The species is recognized well all over India, particularly along the bunds of agricultural fields. It is a localized weed and wherever it grows it dominates over the associate species. A general survey of vegetation showed that this species formed pure or mixed stands in practically all types of habitats common in an urban environment, revealing its wide ecological amplitude. The plant species, though of common distribution in countryside, shows luxuriant growth within the city, especially near slums or hutment, where deposition of undecomposed organic matter and domestic waste are rampant. Likewise, luxuriant plant growth is also observed on toxic waste, water logged ground and sometimes, even on dry soils. Its gregarious and cosmopolitan distribution reflects on its inherent ability to either circumvent or overcome the adversity itself. It appears, therefore, that urbanization has been a spent force in so far as Ipomoea carnea is concerned. The organic matter in soils originates from green plants, animals and microorganisms. The nature of organic matter is governed by inputs and soil metabolism. Chemically, the soil organic matter is a potenial source of N, P and S for plant growth and it aids in rendering available soil Ca, Mg, Fe and P. Humic colloidal substances function for base-exchange capacity of soil. Organic matter also functions as a source of CO2 for the higher plants. Water content of soil exerts a profound effect upon the form and structure of a plant. It is well known that compaction of soil can greatly restrict root proliferation particularly when the soils is low in water content. The yield of plant may also be affected by deficiency of water, even though the soil is not allowed to dry to permanent wilting point. Water stress also affects leaf area through hastening the senescence. Present paper deals with response of Ipomoea carnea to different levels of organic matter and watr contents of soils.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53973
Title: Harmful effects of certain Industrial wastes on Geotechnical properties of soils-A review
Author: A.V.Narasimha Rao and M. Chittaranjan
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 9, No 4, December 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Industrial wastes, Leachates, Geotechnical properties of soils
Abstract: The geotechnical properties of soils are greatly influenced by interaction with the wastes discharged from industries, which is a matter of great concern to the geotechnical engineers. There is immense need to study the strength and deformation characteristics of soil due to different contaminants present in wastewaters from various sources. Generally, the Industrial wastes consist of acids, alkaline, sulphates, salts, urea (amides) and oil contaminants which lead to modification of soils properties. The effect of these contaminants on geotechnical properties of soils has been presented in this paper.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53972
Title: Status, distribution and conservation threats of endangered Cetacean Platanista gangetica Roxb. in Subansiri river, Northeastern India
Author: Lakhi Prasad Hazarika, Debojit Baruah and Ranjit Dutta
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 9, No 4, December 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Dolphin, downstream, hydroelectric project, Northeast India, Subansiri River
Abstract: Critically endangered Ganges River Dolphin (Platanista gangetica gangetica Roxb.) is found in substantial numbers in the downstream of Subansiri river, a major tributary of the River Brahmaputra. Best estimates of 21, 23 and 26 dolphins were recorded in 2005-06, 2006-07 and 2007-08 respectively. Until recently, the Subansiri river was considered one of the safte havens for residential dolphin due to relatively healthy downstream environment coupled with awareness of river bank inhabitants. Water environment of the un-damming Subansiri river strongly influence the existence of dolphin population. However, compositional changes of their distribution may have occurred after regulation of the river by the 2000 MW Lower Subansiri Hydroelectric Projects, whose ocnstruction has begun. Only 25 cumec/sec water will be released to the downstream after operation of the project agaisnt the present minimum flow discharge of 188 cumec/sec. This huge irreversible reduction (87.60%) in water discharge will make the downstream extremely vulnerable for this IUCN ' s red listed mammal, the dolphin. Flushing of reservior sediment will accelerate the degradaion by increasing, decreasing the riverbed and water table respectively. To protect the ecological and social security of the downstream, in general, and Ganges dolphin in particular, the minimal environmental flows for long term sustaining of the recently declared India ' s national aquatic animal is to calculate and executed accordingly.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53971
Title: Effects of Circadian rhythm on aquatic and aerial oxygen consumption in freshwater Teleost, Channa gachua Ham
Author: Qaisur Rahman and D.N.Sadhu
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 9, No 4, December 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Circadian rhythm, Oxygen consumption, Channa gachua
Abstract: Usually behaviour and physiology of organisms are rhythmic in nature. The biological rhythm in oxygen consumption in air breathing fishes is interesting. The circadian rhythm has now become an inherent property of the system which they transmit even under artificial conditions of the laboratory. An attempt has been made to study the effect of circadian rhythm on aquatic and aerial oxygen consumption in freshwater teleost, Channa gachua. The maximum oxygen uptake from aquatic route was recorded in the early morning with moderately higher at noon and evening i.e. 54.74, 52.8, and 50.76 mL/kg/hr respectively. The highest rate of oxygen consumption from aerial route was observed in the morning, and noted as 85.61, 60.27 and 51.78 mL/kg/hr at noon and during evening period. Minimum oxygen uptake was recorded at mid night as 40.20 mL/kg/hr. The total oxygen consumption i.e., 140.35, 112.06 and 101.68 mL/kg/hr were recorded in the morning, afternoon and evening respectively. However, the minimum value of 85.54 mL/kg/hr was noted at mid night. It was found that percentage of aerial oxygen uptake in the morning, midday, evening and midnight was 60.985%, 53.41%, 52.92% and 46.9%. Circadian rhythm of the oxygen consumption has been correlated with diurnal fluctuation of metabolism of the ecosystem. The details have been discussesd in this paper.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53970
Title: Salinity induced changes in catalase, peroxidase and acid phosphatase in four Grass species
Author: A.V.Mane, B.A.Karadge and J.S.Samant
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 9, No 4, December 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Salinity stress, Grass species, Peroxidase, Catalase, Acid phosphatase
Abstract: Salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses that adversely affect crop productivity and quality, and puts various problems to the plants either at the population, organism or even at the molecular level. In the present investigation seedlings of Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle, Pennisetum alopecuroides (L.) Spreng var. Mourdy and Vetiveria zizaniodes (L.) Nash were treated with increasing concentrations of sodium chloride i.e. 25, 50, 100, 200 and 300 mM and changes in the activities of catalase, peroxidase and acid phosphatase were determined. The activity of catalase was stimulated by 200 and 300mM NaCl but it was initially decreased at lower levels of salinity. In Cymbopogon (36.30%), Cynodon (3.07%) and Pennisetum (0.94%), it was observed to be increased, while it was decreased in the leaves of Vetiveria (60.38%) at 300 mM NaCl concentration. The elevated activities of CAT under NaCl stress (300 mM and 200 mM) level probably came from an increased capacity for oxygen radical scavenging and maintenance of cellular membranes which indicates the relationship between salt tolerance and antioxidant defence system. The details of the activities of other two enzymes are discussed in the present paper.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53969
Title: Influence of distillery spentwash irrigation on nutrients of ginger (Zingiber officinale) and turmeric (Curcuma longa) medicinal plants in normal and spentwash treated soil
Author: S. Chandraju, R. Nagendraswamy, C.S.Chidankumar and Girija Nagendraswamy
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 9, No 4, December 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Distillery spentwash, Medicinal plants, Proximate principles, spentwash treated soil
Abstract: Cultivation of some medicinal plants, ginger (Zingiber officinale) and turmeric (Curcuma longa) was made by irrigation with distillery spentwash of different proportions. The spentwash i.e., primary treated spentwash (PTSW) and 33% spentwash were analysed for their plant nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other physical and chemical parameters. Experimental soils i.e., normal soil and spentwash treated soils were tested for their chemical and physical parameters. Cultivation was done by irrigated with raw water (RW) and 33% spentwash. Influence of spentwash in normal and spentwash treated soils on proximate principles (moisture, protein, fat, fiber, carbohydrate, energy, calcium, phosphorus, iron), vitamin content (carotene and vitamin C), minerals and trace elements (magnesium, sodium, potassium, copper, manganese, zinc, chromium, nickel) of plants were investigated at thier respective maturity. It was found that the nutrients of all medicinal plants were high in 33% than raw water irrigation. Further, the nutritive values were very high in spentwash treated soil than normal soil and raw wate irrigations.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53968
Title: Accumulation of heavy metals from contaminated wastewater by aquatic plant Lemna minor and their biochemical effects on it
Author: Priyadarshini Pillai
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 9, No 4, December 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Heavy metals, Wastewater, Lemna minor, Biochemical effects
Abstract: Toxic metal contamination of soil, aqueous waste streams and groundwater causes major environmental and human health problems. The most commonly used methods for dealing with heavy metal pollution are still extremely costly. Use of aquatic plants to extract, sequester and /or detoxify pollutants is a new and powerful technique for environmental cleanup. Plants are ideal agents for soil and water remediation because of their unique genetic, biochemical and physiological properties. The aim of this work is to evaluate the potential of free floating duch week Lemna minor to remove heavy metals from wastewater and their biochemical effect on it. One-month laboratory experiments were conducted to mark the percentage removal of different heavy metals at different concentrations and the effect of heavy metals on nitrate reductase activity, total chlorophyll and protein contents of the plant. Approximately 93% of total heavy metal induced-toxicity appears resulting in the reduced activities of nitrate reductase, total chlorophyll and protein content of the plant. The results recommended the use of Lemna minor to ameliorate the wastewaters contaminated with heavy metals.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53967
Title: Utilization of mixed leaves litter for converting into vermicompost by using an epigeic earthworm Eudrilus eugeniae
Author: B. Jayanthi, G. Ambiga and P. Neelanarayanan
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 9, No 4, December 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Mixed leaves litter, Vermicompost, Eudrilus eugeniae, Plant nutrients
Abstract: The processed mixed leaves litter with cured cow dung was mixed in different proportions viz., 50:50, 60:40 and 70:30 (each concentration in triplicates) and filled in the plastic trays, individually. Hundred Eudrilus eugeniae adult earthworms were introduced into each of these trays. Simultaneously, a control for each of these concentrations was prepared and maintained without earthworms. The conversion ratio of mixed leaves litter into vermicompost was found to be more or less similar in all the concentrations. However, the cocoons and young ones production was found to be little higher in 50:50 proportions than the other two proportions. Further, vermicompost obtained from all the three concentrations has desired level of plant nutrients for uptake. The results of the present study suggest that the mixed leaves litter with cured cow dung at anyone of these three concentrations can be used for converting into value added vermicompost by utilizing the earthworm E. eugeniae.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53966
Title: Assessment studies of groundwater recharge in Nagamangala Taluk, Mandy district, Karnataka using Remote Sensing and GIS techniques
Author: D. Nagaraju, C. Papanna, P.C.Nagesh and Krishna Rao
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 9, No 4, December 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Groundwater recharge, GIS, Remote sensing, Recharge potential, Nagamanagal taluk
Abstract: The groundwater recharge assessment studies in Nagamangala taluk in Mandya district were carried out based on geographical information system (GIS) and remote sensing techniques. In this connection satellite images (IRS-IA LISS+PAN+Wifs Image) and aerial plots were subjected to several treatment processes using software like ERDAS imagine and ESRI ' s Arc view. Thus, various thematic maps have been prepared for drainage density, lineaments, lithology and land cover/land use that allowed deciding their interactive effect. In the present study, the degree of effect was determined for each factor to assess the total groundwater recharge potentially for two categories (moderate rate to low). The resultant map shows that 85% of the area has low and rest has moderate groundwater recharge potentiality. Finally, only 8.6% of the total average annual precipitated water (1685 mm) percolates into subsurface and ultimately contributes to recharge the groundwater.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53965
Title: Assessment of water hardness used for domestic purposes in some tribal villages of Dhakuakhana sub-division, Lakhimpur district, Assam
Author: Sabitri Saikia Kakati
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 9, No 4, December 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Water hardness, Cardiovascular disease, WHO limit
Abstract: The quality of water varies widely with respect to its various uses, and the water quality suitable for one purpose may not be satisfactory for the other. Statistical studies have demonstrated significant inverse relationship between cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and water hardness even when the environmental and socioeconomic factors are taken into account. The evidence that drinking water quality affects cardiovascular disease has been strengthened by recent research which has shown that very soft water increases CVD and mortality rates by 10%. Keeping this view in mind the assessment of water hardness of this region along with some polyvalent cations (Ca, Mg, Fe) has been carried out for three different seasons in a year. The study reveals that water quality in the study area falls under moderately hard (60-120 mg/L) and hard (120-180 mg/L). Also it was found that Fe content in the study area was very high as compared to the WHO value of safe drinking water, while other parameters (Ca, Mg) were within the WHO limit.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53964
Title: Studies on the impact of irrigation of distillery spentwash on the yield of Leafy Medicinal Plants
Author: R. Nagendraswamy, S. Chandraju, Girija Nagendraswamy and C.S.Chidankumar
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 9, No 4, December 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Leafy medicinal plants, Distillery spentwash, Spentwash irrigation
Abstract: Cultivation of some leafy medicinal plants was made by irrigation with distillery spentwash of different dilutions. The spentwash, i.e., primary treated spentwash (PTSW), 50% and 33% spentwash were analyzed for their plant nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other physical and chemical characteristics. Experimental soil was tested for its chemical and physical parameters. Seeds of leafy medicinal plants were sown in the prepared land and irrigated with raw water (RW) and 50% and 33% spentwash. The influence of spentwash on the yield of leafy medicinal plants at their respective maturity was investigates. It was found that the yields of all leafy medicinal plants were more in 33% spentwash irrigation than raw water and 50% spentwsh irrigations.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53963
Title: Microbial water quality examination by H2S strip in Mysore city and training women for decrease of water pollution
Author: Farzaneh Shaikh Khatibi and Sadanand M. Yamakanamardi
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 9, No 4, December 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Waterborne diseases, water pollution, H2S strip test, community participation, training programmes
Abstract: Water samples were collected from eight different areas in Mysore city for the examination of microbial quality of drinking water by the H2S strip test. It indicated that the percentage of water pollution rose in the selected areas in 2008, in addition the percentage of Cauvery water pollution, which is a major source of drinking water, increased in 2008. All the water samples, which were collected from storage sources of water in selected areas, were found to be polluted. As women have a vital role to play in the collection of water, women ' s practices and their behaviour is important for storing water and the steps taken to treat potable water. Another useful purpose for measuring the microbial quality of water is educational. Teaching people about the microbial quality of water and the fundamentals of the germ theory within the context of education and outreach programs for water, sanitation and hygiene at the individual, household, community and regional levels is a continuing and long-term goal in the global health initiative. In delivering these educational messages the H2S-producing bacterial test is very suitable, as it is easier to use and is cheaper than the conventional procedures.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 53962
Title: Study of physicochemical characteristics of Mangalore coastal waters
Author: Francis Andrade, H.B.Aravinda and E.T.Puttaiah
Editor: Prof K.P.Sharma
Year: 2010
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 9, No 4, December 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Mangalore coastal waters, physicochemical characteristics, Pollution
Abstract: Mangalore coast is present at the western part of the Western Ghats of the Indian peninsula located at 12049 ' N and stretched to about 22 kms. This region is meant for many useful and convenient sources for the development of the country ' s economy. Because of its scenic beauty, it attracts huge crowd of tourists across the globe. Along with the tourism, this coastal region also receives pollution load from the various industries located nearby. The preliminary study carried out at the coastal region of Mangalore by considering six randomly selected study sites, located at points where river water enters the sea. Various parameters of water analysis in these study sites have revealed differences from one site to the other. The mean values of the estimated characteristics were represented graphically. These values prompt to carry out further research to substantiate using statistical methods.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None