ID: 54021
Title: Repellent activity of Aloe vera and Curcuma longa against the mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus
Author: G Chitra and N. Krishnaveni
Editor: Prof Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2010
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 27, No 1 & 2, August & September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology-An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Phyto chemicals, Mosquito, Aloe vera, Curcuma longa
Abstract: An investigation was undertaken to study the repellent activity of medicinal plants Aloe vera and Curcuma longa against the nocturnal mosquito, Culex quinquefasciatus Say. The gelly part of A. vera and rhizome of C. longa were made into a fine paste and tested for its repellent activity. Both the medicinal plants exhibited repellent activity against the mosquito C. quinquefasciatus and A. vera showed maximum protection time (7.4 hours) and effective suppression of biting activity (90%) compared to C. longa (6.1 hours & 86% respectively). The method of using medicinal plants in mosquito vector control programs is cost effective, affordable and eco-friendly.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None


ID: 54020
Title: Effect of starvation, re-feeding and biochemical changes in the shrimp Penaeus monodon
Author: S. Prakash Shoba, V. Ganapiriya and A. Palavesam
Editor: Prof Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2010
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 27, No 1 & 2, August & September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology-An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Penaeus monodon, Starvation, Feeding, Growth, Biochemical changes
Abstract: A study was conducted to assess the particular metabolic strategies of Penaeus monodon to face a short starvation period (6 days) and subsequent re-feeding and to evaluate biochemical changes. Post larval shrimps (PL23 stage) were exposed to two feeding regimes (starvation & re-feeding) in the first set of experiments and the PL23 larvae were starved for one, two, three, four, five and six days. After the set duration of starvation, they were re-fed on commercial feed once a day for 45 days. PL23 larvae starved for one day tend to perform equal growth responses with control and on the other hand, larvae starved for one day tend to perform equal growth responses with control and on the other hand, larvae starved for more than 2 days failed to regain its normal growht responses. Statistical analysis by two way ANOVA on variation in biochemical constituents and starvation revealed that the former has significant influence (p<0.001) than the later parameter (p<0.05).
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None


ID: 54019
Title: Cellulolytic potentialities of selected fungi under solid state fermentation
Author: M Kannahi, V. Saranya and N. Umamaheswari
Editor: Prof Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2010
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 27, No 1 & 2, August & September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology-An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Fungal species, Groundnut shell, Solid state fermentation
Abstract: Fungal species namely Aspergillus niger (MTCC-2196), Trichoderma viridae (MTCC-2047) and Penicillium funiculosum (MTCC-2000) were tested for their efficiency to decompose groundnut shell. These three fungal species were used as monoculture, co-culture, and mixed culture for cellulase production such as endoglucanase and exoglucanase activity under solid state fermentation. Among the three cultures used, the mixed cultures were produced more amount of endoglucanase (1.80 IU/ml) and exoglucanase (0.56 IU/ml) activity on 14th day. The mixed culture having good cellulase production potential may be utilized for enhancing the decomposition of groundnut shell.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None


ID: 54018
Title: Impact of selected heavy metals on oxygen consumption by the fish Channa punctatus
Author: R S Magar and V N Waghmare
Editor: Prof Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2010
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 27, No 1 & 2, August & September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology-An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Fish, Heavy metals, Oxygen consumption, Channa punctatus
Abstract: An attempt has been made to study impact of heavy metals namely copper sulphate and zinc sulphate on oxygen consumption of edible fish Channa punctatus. Short-term acute toxicity tests were performed adopting stastic bioassay method over a period of 96 h using different concentrations of copper sulphate and zinc sulphate to the fish and 96 h LC50 values were found to be 3.5 and 2.5 ppm. The rate of oxygen consumption of the fish was studied under sub-lethal concentrations. 0.7 and 0.5 ppm of each heavy metal (Copper sulphate & Zinc sulphate) during 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. It is observed that rate of oxygen consumption was decreased during zinc sulphate treatment to C. punctatus as compared to copper sulphate treatment.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None


ID: 54017
Title: Optimization of media components on production of xylanase by alkalophilic bacillus sp.
Author: C Kathikeyan
Editor: Prof Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2010
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 27, No 1 & 2, August & September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology-An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Alkalophilic Bacillus, Xylanase, Wheat bran, Corn steep liquor
Abstract: An alkalophilic Bacillus sp. with a high productivity for xylanase production by shake flask culture method was isolated from decomposed soil. When grown on 4% wheat bran and 5% corn steep liquor, Bacillus sp produced 186 and 180 IU of enzyme activity per ml. respectively. Ammonium Sulphate also acted as the best nitrogen sources for the production of xylanase (250 IU/ml) at 0.5% concentration. Addition of trace elements (CaCO3, MnSO4, K2HPO4) to a medium, yielded higher enyzme productivity. The optimized media composition gave higher activity of 302 IU/ml than other substrates.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None


ID: 54016
Title: Amino acids levels in selected brown seaweeds found along the coast of Rameswaram, Gulf of Mannar
Author: M Murugan and K Arunkumar
Editor: Prof Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2010
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 27, No 1 & 2, August & September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology-An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Seaweeds-Amino acids-Anthropogenic habitat, Rameswaram
Abstract: Total amino acid content in eleven brown seaweeds collected at anthropogenic habitat of Rameshwaram, Gulf of Manner was estimated. Among the seaweeds, maximum amount of total amino acid was recorded in Sargasum wightii and a minimum was recorded in Padina gymnospora. Among the four Sargassum species investigated, low amount of total amino acid was registered in S. ilicifolium. There were 19 different types of amino acids such as aspartic acid, threonine, serine, glutamic acid, proline, glycine, alanine, cysteine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, histidine, lysine, tryptophan and ornithine were recorded in all the seaweeds, whereas in Dictyota dichotoma except lysine all other 18 amino acids were recorded.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None


ID: 54015
Title: Hepato protective effect of Tylophara asthmatica against paracetamol induced hepatic damage in rats
Author: S Ahamed John and R. Malathi
Editor: Prof Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2010
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 27, No 1 & 2, August & September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology-An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Hepatoprotective, Tylophora asthmatatica, Rats, Antioxidant enzymes, Paracetamol
Abstract: The hepato protective and antioxidant properties of methanolic leaves extracts of Tylophora asthmatica (META) on paracetamol-induced (1 g kg-1 body weight, i.p.,) Wistar strain of rats were studied. The extract produced significant hepatoprotective effects as evidenced by decreased (p<0.05) serum enzyme activities, ALT, AST, ALP, LDH and serum bilirubin (200 mg kg-1 body weight orally for 21 days) compared with control group. For antioxidant activity, META exhibited significant (p<0.05) hepatoprotective effect by increasing the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and reducing lipid peroxidation (LPO). These results suggest that META may have hepatoprotective potential, probably by its antioxidant properties on hepatocytes and also support the use of the plant as a hepatoprotective agent.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None


ID: 54014
Title: Incidence of yellow stem borer and characterization of the major morphometric neonatal forms in the paddy field at Raiganj, Uttar Dinajpur, West Bengal
Author: Kaushik Chakraborty
Editor: Prof Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2010
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 27, No 1 & 2, August & September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology-An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Yellow stem borer, Peak abundance, Brood emergence, Paddy
Abstract: Field incidence of yellow stem borer (Scirpophaga incertulas) population by light trapping in relation to its neonatal forms in four consecutive years (2006-2009) has been carried out in the paddy field (Var. Swarna mashuri, MTU 7029) at Raiganj, Uttar Dinajpur West Bengal. Peak formation was befitted with adult abundance resulting one major, two moderate and one minor peak in each year. Variation of the neonatal morphometric forms in relation to broods was also noted. The size of the moth was maximum in minor brood and minimum in major brood. In moderate broods, the size was however intermediate between the two broods.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None


ID: 54013
Title: Incidence of colonic cancer in the fish eating population of the seashore belt of Tamil Nadu
Author: P Indra (Alias) Muthu Meena, K Ramalingam and B Aathavan
Editor: Prof Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2010
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 27, No 1 & 2, August & September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology-An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Cancer, Fatty acid, Fish, Diet
Abstract: A questionnaire method was used in the seashore belt of Tamil Nadu particularly from the districts like Kanyakumari, Ramanatha puram, Nagapattinam, Chennai and Thiruvallur to study the manifestation of cancer in the fish eating population. The rate of cancer among the fish eating population is 0.09% while among others it was 0.19%.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None


ID: 54012
Title: Phytochemical constituents and antimicrobial activities of Tylophora asthmatica leaves
Author: S. Ahamed John and R. Malathi
Editor: Prof Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2010
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 27, No 1 & 2, August & September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology-An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Phytochemical constituents, Antimicrobial activity, Tylophora asthmatics
Abstract: Tylophora asthmatica, a wild indigenous plant, belongs to the family Asclepidaceae and is commonly called as Indian ipecac. Various studies have confirmed the anti-inflammatory activity, anti-asthmatic and treatment of bronchitis. The leaves of the plant were screened for their phytochemical properties and anti-microbial activity. The methanol, ethanol, chloroform and aqueous extracts were used for extraction of the active compounds on test organisms like Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumonia, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli and fungi Aspergillus flarus, Aspergillus niger, Curvalaria and Fusarium. Phytochemical screening exhibited methanolic extract showed maximum alkaloids, sponin, glycosides, tannin and oily matter, the active compounds present in the leaves followed other extracts. The methanolic extract indicated maximum bactericidal properties against S. aureus, P. mirabilus, K. pneumoniae compared to other extracts followed by this extract showed antifungal activity against A. flavus , A. niger and fusarium than the other extracts. This study demonstrates the potentials of T. asthmatica methanolic extract phytochemicals as a source of antimicrobial activity that could be used in the health care delivery process.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None


ID: 54011
Title: Effect of ration on growth responses and biochemical changes in the shrimp Penaeus monodon
Author: S Prakash Shoba and V. Ganapiriya
Editor: Prof Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2010
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 27, No 1 & 2, August & September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology-An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Penaeus monodon, Ration feeding, Growth, Biochemical composition
Abstract: Effect of ration feeding regime on growth responses and biochemical changes in the shrimp Penaeus monodon was carried out on two commercial shrimp feeds (Higashimaru & Nova). P.monodon (PL26) larvae were fed at frequency of once, twice, and thrice a day on selected feeds for a period of 45 days and replicates were maintained. Daily ration was divided in similar amounts for each feeding frequency. Total length (TL), carapace length (CL) and weight (W) of P. monodon showed an increasing trend with increase in feeding frequency from once in a day to three times per day. Growth responses and biochemical constituents were also increased with increase in the frequency of feeding. Both the feeds accelerated the responses in a similar way.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None


ID: 54010
Title: Antagonstic action of synbiotic water melon juice against diarrhoeal causing organisms
Author: T. Sheela, S. Kulothugan and R. Saravanamuthu
Editor: Prof Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2010
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 27, No 1 & 2, August & September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology-An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Probiotics, Inulin, water melon, diarrhoea causing organisms
Abstract: This study evaluated that the effect of prebiotic food containing fructo oligosaccharide to enhance the growth and activity of probiotics strains to select a suitable prebiotics for the development of synbiotic fruit juice. The anti microbial activity of water melon juice probioticated using different strains of Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens, Candida kefir and Saccharomyces boluradii. Anti microbial activities of synbiotic juice could differ in their antagonistic activities against diarrhoeal causing organisms which could be due to the metabolite secreted by the lactic acid bacteriocin as special type of organic acids and added inulin as a prebiotic and for food preservation.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None


ID: 54009
Title: Impact of malathion on biochemical parameters of Clarius batrachus
Author: R S Magar and V N Waghmare
Editor: Prof Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2010
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 27, No 1 & 2, August & September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology-An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Clarius batrachus, Malathion, Muscle, Biochemicals
Abstract: The freshwater fish Clarius batrachus was exposed to sublethal concentrations of 0.05, 0.25 and 0.5 ppm organophosphorus pesticide, malathion for short duration (24 to 96h). The body muscle showed reduction of glycogen content during 72 and 96 h after treatement with 0.5 ppm malathion, whereas slight fluctuation of protein and glycogen content was observed in low concentration. The levels of protein showed a significant decrease in high concentration (0.5 ppm) compared to low concentration (0.05 & 0.25 ppm)
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None


ID: 54008
Title: Phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity of Pentatropis microphylla against human pathogenic bacteria
Author: A. Sundhararajan and S. Ahmed John
Editor: Prof Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2010
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 27, No 1 & 2, August & September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology-An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Pentatrophis microphylla, Antibacterial activity, phytochemical
Abstract: Phytochemical constituents and anti-microbial activity of ethanol extract of Pentatrophis microphylla was investigated. The ethanol extract revealed that the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, cardiac, flavonoids, saponins and tannins moderate concentration. In vitro antibacterial activity of the extracts revealed that the ethanol extract was broad spectrum activity which was the highest activity in Pseudomonaus aerugenosa and E.coli values of 1,560 mg/ml. The activities observed could be attributed to the presence of some of the phytochemicals detected which have been associated with antibacterial activity.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None


ID: 54007
Title: Effect of pH on the production of cellulase by the fungus Trametes sp on different substrates
Author: C. Karthikeyan
Editor: Prof Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2010
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 27, No 1 & 2, August & September 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology-An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Trametes sp, cellulase, sugarcane bagasse, Wheat bran, Rice bran
Abstract: Cellulase production by Trametes sp. in submerged state fermentation was studied using sugarcane begasse, wheat bran and rice bran as substrates by Czapek-Dox modified medium at the pH 6.0. After incubation, pH of fermented wheat bran was found to be increasing (6.0-7.8) , decreasing in the case of rice bran (6.0-5.8) and sugarcane bagasse. Trametes sp. on using wheat bran and rice bran as carbon source showed maximum cellulase activity on fifth day at the pH of 7.5, but grown on sugarcane bagasse it showed higher cellulase activity on fourth day (0.033 IU/ml) and specific activity was also the highest on seventh day (0.0828 IU/mg of protein). Rice bran showed cellulase activity on the seventh day (0.0723 IU/ml) and specific activity (0.63 IU/mg of protein). This study shows that sugarcane bagase and rice bran were better producers of cellulase on the fourth and seventh day of incubation.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None