ID: 54096
Title: Wetland birds density at Vaduvoor Lake Birds Sanctuary near Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu
Author: A Venkatesh
Editor: Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2010
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 26, Nos 1 & 2, February & March 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology-An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Freshwater birds, Habitat, Density dynamics
Abstract: The population density of varieties of water birds including migratory waterfowl, raptors and a number of colourful resident birds are studied during different seasons from August 2008 to February 2009. Present study revealed that among the varieties of water birds species recorded, the rare species namely comb duch (Sarkidiornis melanotos), Great cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo) and Golden plover (Pluvialis dominica) are also visitors to the lake, establishing the great significance of this lake in the migratory bird life in this area.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54095
Title: Incidence of lignin during the vermicomposting of coir pith by Eudrilus eugeniae
Author: R. Renuka and Samuel Paul Raj
Editor: Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2010
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 26, Nos 1 & 2, February & March 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology-An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Coir pith, Lignin content, Eudrilus eugeniae, Vermicomposting
Abstract: An investigation was carried out to know the effect of an epigeic earthworm Eudrilus eugeniae on lignin during the vermicomposting of coir pith. Earthworms were grown in the vermibeds containing coir pith and cow dung mixer (1:1 ratio). The mixure without earthworms acted as control. At every 15 days interval of the composting period (90 days), the compost samples were collected and analysed for lignin content. The lignin content of the control and vermicompost increased as the composting period progressed. The change in the vermicompost was not significant when compard to that of the control. These results indicated that earthworm had no direct influence on thedegration of the lignin during the vermicomposting of the coir pith.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54094
Title: Influence of post harvest treatments on biochemical composition of marketable bulbs of onion
Author: Laxman Kukanoor
Editor: Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2010
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 26, Nos 1 & 2, February & March 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology-An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Onion, post harvest, biochemicals
Abstract: An investigation on post-harvest studies in onion cv. N-53 was carried out at Arabhavi. Among the different post harvest treatments, sulphur fumigation (2 g/kg of bulb) for five minutes showed maximum ascorbic acid (7.8 mg/100 g bulb), total soluble solids (13.5%), non-reducing sugars (5.7%), total sugars (8.4%) and dry matter content (13.3%) of the bulbs at 90 days of storage. The highest percentage of marketable bulbs (76.7%) was obtained with sulphur fumigation at 90 days of storage closely followed by dipping bulbs in carbendazim (0.1%) for two minutes.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54093
Title: Seasonal variations in the biochemical composition of the land snail Cryptozona bistrialis in and around Nagapattinam
Author: V. Valarmathi and S. Asokan
Editor: Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2010
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 26, Nos 1 & 2, February & March 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology-An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Land snail, Cryptozona bistrialis, Carbohydrate, Lipid, Protein
Abstract: Seasonal variations in the biochemical composition of the land snail Cryptozona bistrialis were studied during 2005-06. The snail meat contains high amount of protein whereas carbohydrate and fat contents were generally low. The carbohydrate level of the whole animal was the highest in the summer season and lowest in the monsoon season. Further, the carbohydrate level of the Dart varied from 5.5% to 19.1%. Biochemical analysis revealed that the protein content of the muscle were 207.2%, 205%, 205.1% and 196.1% during summer, pre monsoon, monsoon and post monsoon respectively. Carbohydrate and fat content were generally low when compared to protein. Snails complement the required trace and minor elements needed for human nutrition.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54092
Title: Effect of eyestalk ablation on moulting in the Brachyuran crab, Metopograpsus messor
Author: A Shyla Suganthi
Editor: Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2010
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 26, Nos 1 & 2, February & March 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology-An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Eyestalk ablation, Moult, Metopograpsus messor, Reproduction
Abstract: Ten days eye stalk ablated males of the brachyuran crab, Metopograpsus messor were less active and were hypophagic. The eye-stalk ablated individuals entered the late pre moult stage, while the control remained in inter moult. The percentage of occurrence of primary spermatogonia (4%) and secondary spermatogonia (21%) is significantly higher than those of the control. Levels of the major organic constituents viz., total protein, polysaccharide and oligosaccharide fractions, protein bound hexose, mucoprotein of the vasal contents in the experimental crabs (eye-stalk ablated) were not significantly different from those of controls. The entire eye-stalk ablated individuals, however, underwent ecdysis as they approached 15 days post ablation. This has been found to be a highly vulnerable period that has caused near-total mortality among the ablated crabs.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54091
Title: Rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere mycoflora of selected medicinal plants from Dharwad
Author: C H Ramesh and Nanda NIngaraddi
Editor: Dr. S. Palanichamy
Year: 2010
Publisher: Palani Paramount Publications, Vol 26, Nos 1 & 2, February & March 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of Ecobiology-An International Journal for Scientific Research on Environmental Biology, Toxicology and Inter Relations
Keywords: Soil mycoflora, Medicinal plants, Rhizosphere
Abstract: Density and species richness of fungal communities in soils of selected exotic medicinal plants such as Bhrami (Baccopa monnieri) and Henna (Lawsonia inermis), growing in three localities of Dharwad region, were studied by comparison of rhizosphere and non rhizosphere soils. The rhizosphere soil harboured the highest counts of 132 fungi followd by 115 fungi non-rhizosphere. Among 77 fungi, 14 species of 4 genera belong to Zygomycetes, 2 species of 1 genus belong to Ascomycetes, 61 species of 26 genera belong to Mitosporic fungi and 1 species belong to Coelomycetes. The population density of rhizosphere, non-rhizosphere and the count of fungi varied between them slightly (significant at 0.5)
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54090
Title: Assessment and development of algorithms to detection of oil spills using MODIS data
Author: H. Srivastava, T.P.Singh
Editor: Prof. B.L.Deekshatulu
Year: 2010
Publisher: Indian Society of Remote Sensing, Vol 38, No 1, March 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Keywords: Oil spills, Hyper-spectral, MODIS, High Resolution bands
Abstract: Oil spill detection and subsequent monitoring are of major concern for coastal zone management as they form potential marine pollutants. The present study is based on examining the feasibility of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) high resolution bands (250 and 500 m) for detection of oil spill. The MODIS -Aqua for 18, 19 and 20th January 2003 were used to study the oil spill in Lake Maracaibo, Venezuela. The examination of L1B and L2 data revealed that L2 products such as SST, Rrs and BRDF were not very useful due to erroneous atmospheric corrections. Visual examination of raw radiance data i.e. L1B data in the 250 and 500m spatial resolution was found to be the simplest yet feasible method for spill detection. The study further revealed that atmospherically uncorrected radiances at 469, 555 and 645 nm were showing significant signature of oil spill. Therefore an attempt was made to perform ratio operations to enhance the feature. The study concluded that the ratio of difference and sum at 645 and 555 nm, normalized by 469 nm, provides the best result. The result was validated by comparing with the previous published literature. The result clearly indicates the potential of MODIS-Aqua high resolution data in oil spill monitoring. Therefore, MODIS-Aqua data with daily coverage and high resolution can be reliable and cost-effective for such events.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54089
Title: Synergistic use of multi-temporal Radarsat SAR and AWiFS data for Rabi rice identification
Author: D. Haldar, C. Patnaik
Editor: Prof. B.L.Deekshatulu
Year: 2010
Publisher: Indian Society of Remote Sensing, Vol 38, No 1, March 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Keywords: Rabi rice, multi-temporal Radarsat SAR, MIR band, Indices
Abstract: A national level project on Kharif rice identification nad acreage estimation is being carried out successfully for several states in the country. A similar methodology based on the temporal profile for identification and delineation of various land cover classes has been followed for the Rabi rice acreage estimation. To define rabi rice, rabi season in India starts from Novermber -February to March-June. Though the main growing season is predominantly winter but the uncertainty of getting cloud free data during the season has resulted in the use of microwave data. A feasibility study was taken up for early forecasting of the rabi rice area using microwave data. Hierarchial decision rule classification technique was used for the identification of the different land cover classes. Land preparation, puddling and transplantatiuon were the reasons for the specific backscatter of rice growing areas. The increase or decrease in rice growing areas. The increase or decrease in the SAR backscatter due to progress in the crop phenology or due to delayed sowing respectively forms the basis for identifying the rice areas. In addition the potential of optical data of a later data has been utilized in the form of various indices from bands including MIR to distinctly separate the late sown areas and also the puddled areas from other areas. This study emphasizes the synergistic use of SAR and optical data for delineating the rabi rice areas which is of immense use in giving an early forecast.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54088
Title: Land suitability studies for major crops in Pavagada taluk, Karnataka using Remote Sensing and GIS techniques
Author: A. Sathish, K. V. Niranjana
Editor: Prof. B.L.Deekshatulu
Year: 2010
Publisher: Indian Society of Remote Sensing, Vol 38, No 1, March 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Keywords: Land evaluation, land suitability, Analyses, Soil suitability anlayses, Remote sensing, Geographic Information System
Abstract: Pavagada taluk of Tumkur district in Karnataka is one of the most backward taluks receiving less than 500 mm annual rainfall. The maximum area of the taluk is under monocropping, reasons for the same were not documented well. The present study was carried out using remote sensing data along with field survey and laboratory analysis for assessing the potentials and limitations of soil. Using the basic information on soil, climate and topography based on the matching exercise between the growth and production requirements of the crop, suitability of soils for groundnut, paddy and finger millet was assessed as per FAO land evaluation. the soil suitability maps were prepared using Arc GIS software. About 48 percent of teh total area was moderate to marginally suitable and 13 percent of the area was not suitable for both groundnut and finger millet. Lowland areas covering 12 percent of the area was highly suitable, 15 percent was moderate to marginally suitable and 20 percent was not suitable for paddy cultivation.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54087
Title: Reconstruction of the moraine dammed lake, based on field evidence and paleo-history, Samudra Tapu glacier, Chandra Basin, Himachal Pradesh
Author: S. Dhar, A.V.Kulkarni, B.P.Rathore, R. Kalia
Editor: Prof. B.L.Deekshatulu
Year: 2010
Publisher: Indian Society of Remote Sensing, Vol 38, No 1, March 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Keywords: Glacier, Paleo-lake, Moraine, Remote Sensing, Chandra basin
Abstract: Peri-glacial studies of the Samudra Tapu glacier reveal three stages of well preserved moraines which are also marked by fluvial overprinting. The signatures of fluvial outwashes over the otherwise morainal deposits have been utilized in estimating the extent of palaeo-lake in the valley of Samudra Tapu glacier of the Chandra basin. Distance and thickness of snout of the glacier and its morainal deposits is estimated by the Laser Range Finder. With the change in the position of the snout there is a change in the extent and orientation of the lake. Recent expedition to the glacier confirms this process to be continuing. The study is important in reconstructing formation of the lake with respect to snout position of the glacier. Based on ground truth, fast melting of the snout is confirmed from year 2004 onwards, with the development of fresh end/terminal moraine. The study reveals that the snout region of the Samudra Tapu glacier is thinning and retreating at an alarming rate and is enlarging the lake extent. The development of fresh terminal moraine has the potential to impound the fast melting galcial waters which in turn can pose serious threat to the downstream regions of the Chandra valley.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54086
Title: Detection of Sub-surface waterlogging using Terra-1 MODIS data
Author: K. Sreenivas, R.S.Dwivedi, A.N.Singh, S. Raviprakash
Editor: Prof. B.L.Deekshatulu
Year: 2010
Publisher: Indian Society of Remote Sensing, Vol 38, No 1, March 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Keywords: Waterlogging, Thermal, SWIR, LST, MODIS
Abstract: Waterlogging due to rising ground watre table, being a sub-surface phenomenon, is not amenable to detection by optical remote sensing. Microwave and thermal sensor data have, however, shown some promise in the detection of sub-surface waterlogging. The present study was taken up to evaluate the potential of near-IR, short-wave IR (SWIR) and thermal-IR data from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) aboard Terra-1 acquired during day-and -night time post-monsoon data for detectin of sub-surface waterlogging. The approach involves retrieval of day-and -night land surface temperature (LST), generation of normalized difference of channel-2 and 6 (ND26); 2 adn 7 (ND27); ground truth collection involving concurrent ground water table observations to satellite date of pass, thresholding of normalized differences (NDs) and correlating the NDs with depth of ground water table. Amongst various spectral indices, day and night-time LST difference (DLST) and night-time LST have been found to correlate well with the incidence of waterlogging (water table depth <2 m), followed by normalized difference of band -2 (841-876 nm) and band-7 (2105-2155 nm). The sensitivity of threshold limits for these indices was maximum for DLST followed by ND26 and ND27. Poor accuracy of detecting sub-surface waterlogging with thermal bands during day time is attributed to the non-corresponding of the time of Terra MODIS data acquisition with thermal maxima of the terrain. Though the ND27 gave better accuracy to detect sub surface waterlogging, it is very sensitive to threshold limits.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54085
Title: Some issues in contextual Fuzzy c-Means classification of remotely sensed data for Land cover mapping
Author: A. Dutta, A. Kumar, S. Sarkar
Editor: Prof. B.L.Deekshatulu
Year: 2010
Publisher: Indian Society of Remote Sensing, Vol 38, No 1, March 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Keywords: Contextual information, Markov Random Field, Metropolis Algorithm, Gibbs Samples
Abstract: Earlier for the hard classification techniques contextual information was used to improved classifiction accuracy. While modelling the spatial contextual information for hard classifiers using Markov Random Field it has been found that Metropolis algorithm is easier to program and it performs better in comparison to the Gibbs sampler. In the present study it has been found that incase of soft contextual classification Metropolis algorithm fails to sample from a random field efficiently and from the analysis it was found that Metropolis algorithm is not suitable for soft contextual classification due to the high dimensionality of the soft outputs.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54084
Title: Space based disaster management of 2008 Kosi floods, North Bihar, India
Author: C.M.Bhatt, G.S. Rao, P. Manushree, V. Bhanumurthy
Editor: Prof. B.L. Deekshatulu
Year: 2010
Publisher: Indian Society of Remote Sensing, Vol 38, No 1, March 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Keywords: Remote sensing, Kosi, Breach, Flood, Bihar
Abstract: One of the most important elements in flood disaster management is the availability of timely information for taking decisions and actions by the authorities. During the August 18, 2008 Kosi floods which impacted India and Nepal and affected more than three million people, aero-space technology proved to be a critical input for providing vital information on flood inundation. The satellite based flood inundation maps were extensively used for identifying marooned villages, submerged roads and railway tracks and carrying out the relief and rescue operations by the state agencies. Decision Support Centre (DSC) at National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC) kept a constant watch on the flood situation. More than 200 flood inundation maps, using about 30 satellite datasets were generated and provided in near real time mode to the state agencies during August to October, 2008. DSC efforts were primarily focused in providing an overall picture of the flood situation in a short span of time to the state agencies. The present paper discusses about the operational use of remote sensing technology for near real time flood mapping, monitoring of Kosi floods and the satellite based observations made for the Kosi river breach.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54083
Title: Can suspended sediment concentrations be estimated from multispectral imagery using only image-derived information?
Author: M. Onderka, M. Rodny
Editor: Prof B.L.Deekshatulu
Year: 2010
Publisher: Indian Society of Remote Sensing, Vol 38, No 1, March 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Keywords: Self-calibration, Suspended sediments, Saturation, model transferability, optimization
Abstract: Sampling for suspended sediments concentrations (SSC) in inland waters traditionally based on collecting samples at sparse locations and in limited intervals. A number of investigators explored the utility of earth-observing satellites adn air-borne sensors for monitoring of SSC over vast areas. Two approaches are commonly deployed: (1) empirical relationships between a chosen remotely sensed quantity and the actual in-situ SSC; and (2) bio-optical models founded on radiative transfer modeling. Unfortunately, in-situ measurements are often unavailable for direct image calibration, and inherent optical properties of optically active constituents (specific scattering and absorption coeffiicients) are usually unknown. This paper examines the possibility to retrieve SSC from multispectral satellite imagery without any in-situ data, i.e., using only image-derived information. The fundamental principle of image self-calibration relies on the fact that in the visual domain of wavelength (~400-700nm) the at-sensor reflectance becomes "saturated" at high SSC, whereas the near-infrared domain (~700-900 nm) remains almost perfectly linearly related to sediment concentrations. The core idea of the self-calibrating procedure is rather simple and is based on fitting an exponential function between reflectance and SSC, with SSC replaced by a linear relationship between SSC and reflectance in the near-infrared domain. As a first approximation of the non-linearity between reflectance and SSC levels in the 400-700 nm range, we used the equation proposed by Schiebe et al. (1992), although other equations, especially those arising from optical theory could be used as well. The technique is illustrated on a moderately sediment-laden reservoir and two scenes acquired from Landsat ETM+. The standard error of the estimated SSc was below 15 mg/L (i.e.~25% relative error for the observed range of SSC). Although the proposed algorithm does not yield better results than other models mentioned in the literature, the primary advantage of the outlined methodology is that no in-situ measurments (water sampling nor spectral profiling) are needed -i.e. only image-derived information is used.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54082
Title: Spatial analysis of anthropogenic disturbances in Mangrove forests of Bhitarkanika Conservation Area, India
Author: K.R.Ambastha, S.A. Hussain, R. Badola, P.S.Roy
Editor: Prof B.L.Deekshatulu
Year: 2010
Publisher: Indian Society of Remote Sensing, Vol 38, No 1, March 2010
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of the Indina Society of Remote Sensing
Keywords: Mangrove Forests, Anthropogenic Disturbance, Remote sensing, Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Resource use, Total use value
Abstract: The dependence of coastal communities on mangrove forests for direct consumptive use due to the scarcity of alternate resources makes them one of the highly disturbed landscapes. This paper examines the spatial characteristics and extent of anthropogenic disturbances affecting the mangrove forests of Bhitarkanika Conservation Area situated along the east coast of India by using remotely sensed data and GIS, supplemented with socioeconomic surveys. The study reveals that resource extractions from these forests were considerable despite the protected status. Around 14% of th total fuel wood consumed annually in each of the household came from the mangrove forests of the Park. The patterns of consumption were spatially heterogeneous, controlled by the availability of alternatives, ease of accessibility, presence of markets, human density, and forest composition. The disturbance surface showed 30% of the major forest classes to be under high to very high-levels of disturbance especially at easy access points. Besides, the distribution of economically useful species also determined the degree of disturbance. Resource use surfaces clearly identified the biotic pressure zones with respect to specific mangrove use and could be combined with the disturbance regime map to priortize areas for mangrove restoration.
Location: 231
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None