ID: 54787
Title: Evaluation of some marketed facepacks and cakes for microbial load
Author: S B Kulkarni, N D Bajpai and V S Beghre
Editor: Dr P K Wong, Dr R K Trivedy and Dr Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2011
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 13, No 1, 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environment Sciences
Keywords: Face pack, Clostridium, Raw materials of natural origin, Microbial load
Abstract: Face Packs are one of the very popular skin care products which are used by majority of consumers to maintain beauty and improve the skin condition. Various raw materials of natural origin are used to prepare face packs therefore, consumers consider them as safe and do not even suspect of any hidden danger lurking in such products. In order to verify the safety, Microbiological analysis of one of the main ingredient used in the face pack i.e., fuller ' s earth ' clay ' (soil origin) and marketed samples of face packs containing fuller ' s earth was carried in the laboratory. It was revealed that these products are heavily contaminated with microorganisms calling for stringent microbiological standards from consumer ' s safety point.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54786
Title: Cow urine is an elixir of life
Author: Parikshit A Bhamburkar and Mangala B Karlekar
Editor: Dr P K Wong, Dr R K Trivedy and Dr Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2011
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 13, No 1, 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environment Sciences
Keywords: Vermiwash, cow urine, Panch gavya
Abstract: Using chemicals and pesticides have become a necessity in order to increase the yield of a crop. Excessive use of chemical fertilizers have not only led deterioration of soil condition but also aggrevate the problem of farmers suicide, so there need to use eco-friendly ways of cultivation. Spraying crop with Vermiwash diluted with cows urine in 1:1 ratio is an eco-friendly way of increasing crop production. Cow urine works as an purifier while fresh cow dung is a insect repellent and acts as a germicidal. Cow urine has therapeutic aspects, medicinal value as mentioned in panch gavya (ancient Indian Medical monograph). Traditionally it is believed that cow drug has anti-mcirobial effect.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54785
Title: Beneficial effects of blue green algae spirulina and yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae on cocoon quantitative parameters of silkworm Bombyx mori L.
Author: K Masthan, T Raj Kumar and C V Narasimha Murthy
Editor: Dr P K Wong, Dr R K Trivedy and Dr Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2011
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 13, No 1, 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environment Sciences
Keywords: Sericulture, probiotics, spirulina, yeast, silk yield
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of applications of probiotics on mulberry leaf and using it for silkworm rearing. Nutritional study on silkworm is an essential prerequisite for its proper commercial exploitation. Nutrition of silkworm is sole factor which almost individually augment quality and quantity of silk (Laskar and Datta, 2000). The dietary supplements like protein, vitamins, lipids, etc. evincing their effect on various metabolic activities of silkworm (Horie, 1980) and their deficiency will lead to silkworm disease. Hence in the present investigation an attempt is made to study the impact fortification of mulberry leaf with certain food probiotic microorganisms like Spirulina and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on cocoon quantitative parameters like Cocoon weight, shell weight, pupal weight, shell percentage and silk filament length of silk worm Bombyx more. Data is collected and subjected to the statisitical analysis. The results indicate that there is a better growth rate and silk production when probiotics were used. Between two probiotics used in the present investigation blue green algae Spirulina is considered to be better than the Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54784
Title: Glucoamylase production potentiality of yeast isolated from Natural samples
Author: A Manohara, K L Somashekar and A K Vinu
Editor: Dr P K Wong, Dr R K Trivedy and Dr Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2011
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 13, No 1, 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environment Sciences
Keywords: Yeast, glucoamylase, amylolytic activity, hydrolysis, endoamylases
Abstract: Glucoamylases are one of the amylolytic enzymes used in starch hydrolyis in food industry. Major enzymes of industrial importance are of microbial origin. Glucoamylases are of a family of Endoamylases that catalysis both 1, 4 and 1,6 - glycosidic linkage in polymers of a D-glucose. So it increases the yield but is used after initial treatment with alpha-amylase. The amylolytic yeasts that are potential candidates that can reduce the cost of production. In the present work, several strains of yeasts were screened from rotten potato and tested for efficiency of starch hydrolysis. Quantitative determinations of amylolytic potentiality of the yeasts were determined by assay method. Different parameters like pH, starch concentration and temperature required for maximum glucoamylase production were tested. These screened yeast strains were identified by microscopic and biochemical parameters. Totally four different strains of yeasts were isolated from rotten potato and rotten sweet potato are identified as Cystofilabasidium sp. Filobasidium sp, Saccharomycopsis sp and Cryptococcus sp.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54783
Title: Intraspecific variation in Jatropha curcas L found in Maharashtra state
Author: Aniruddha Pawar, Swapnil Shevate, K D Gopale, R S Zunjarrao and R K Pathak
Editor: Dr P K Wong, Dr R K Trivedy and Dr Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2011
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 13, No 1, 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environment Sciences
Keywords: Intraspecific variation, Jatropha curcas, oil, protein, Phorbole esters
Abstract: Jatropha curcas is recognized as most potential species for Biodiesel production, becasue the seeds contain high oil content (30-38%) and can be grown under different land-use situations. Jatropha curcas seeds from different agro-climatic areas of Maharashtra were analyzed for intraspecific variations. Seeds collected from 20 districts of Maharashtra wee clubbed into 4 regions: Western Maharashtra region, Konkan region, Central Maharashtra region and Vidarbha region on the basis of different climatic conditions. Jatropha curcas seeds were analyzed for their variation in Oil percentage by using Soxhlet apparatus, crude Protein concentration by Folin-Lowry method and Phorbol esters concentration by HPLC in the laboratory. The lowest percentage of Oil was found in Konkan region-27.243% while, the rest of three regions had nearly the same readings, Vidarbha regions-33.830%, Western Maharashtra region - 34.368% and the region of Central Maharashtra recorded the highest percentage of Oil-34.372%. There was substantial variation in protein concentration. The Konkan region recorded the lowest protein concentration - 47.65 mg/g. However, the Central Maharashtra recorded - 61.79 mg/g, followed by Western Maharashtra region - 66.34 mg/g and the region of Vidarbha recorded highest protein conc. - 82.41 mg/g. The Phorbol esters concentration showed suybtle variation. The Central Maharashtra region recorded the lowest concentration -2.056 mg/g, Konkan region - 2.120 mg/g, followed by Western Maharashtra region-2.162 mg/ g and the Vidarbha region recorded the highest concentration -2.312 mg/g.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54782
Title: Chemical speciation of heavy metals in the dust samples collected from residential area of Peninsular Malaysia
Author: C K Yap and I Muhammad Taufik
Editor: Dr P K Wong, Dr R K Trivedy and Dr Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2011
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 13, No 1, 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environment Sciences
Keywords: Dust, Heavy metal contamination, Malaysia
Abstract: This study determined the concentrations of Cd, Cu, Pb, Ni, Fe and Zn in the four geochemical fractions on the dusts collected from 6 residential sites in Malaysia. The results indicated that a clear elevation of Ni and Cd concentration in which > 87% for Cd and > 96% for Ni were contributed by non-resistant fraction of the dusts, indicating high extractability and mobilization of these metals that could potentially cause toxicological risks to the inhabitants of the residential area.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54781
Title: Study on antibacterial activity of turmeric
Author: Nayana Nikumbh, Swapnil Shevate and R K Pathak
Editor: Dr P K Wong, Dr R K Trivedy and Dr Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2011
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 13, No 1, 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environment Sciences
Keywords: Antibacterial activity, Turmeric, Curcumin
Abstract: In order to determine the antibacterial activity of turmeric, gram positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtillis and gram negative bacteria E. coli, Pseudomonas fluorescence were collected. Water and solvent extract of turmeric were prepared by using hydro distillation method and solvent extraction method respectively. To detect potential antibacterial activity of turmeric, disc diffusion method was used. Molten Muller Hinton agar along with 0.2 mL of inoculum was poured into petri plates. The test compound was placed on the upper layer of the seeded agar plates. The plates were incubated at 370C for 24 hrs. The inhibition activity of turmeric determined by measuring zone of absence of microbial growth. By using IR spectroscopy the functional compound Curcumin was detected. After quantitative analysis of curcumin it was found that 0.6506 g curcumin is present per 100 gram of sample.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54780
Title: Comparative study of heavy metals in major parts of Callinectes amnicola (De Rocheburne) (Crustacea: Portunidae) from Warri river, Nigeria
Author: C U Edema and A B M Egborge
Editor: Dr P K Wong, Dr R K Trivedy and Dr Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2011
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 13, No 1, 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environment Sciences
Keywords: Callinectes amnicola, Heavy metals, Distribution , Body parts
Abstract: The levels heavy metals in major parts of Callinectes amnicola from the Warri River were determined. The variation of the metals were in order of Mn>Fe>Pb>Cu>Cd in edible portion and gills. A slight variation was observed in carapace viz Mn>Fe>Cu>Pb>Cd. The concentrations of Fe, Pb and Mn were highest in the edible protion superlative to carapace and gills. Copper was highest in carapace while cadmium was highest in gills. As a result of this study, it is advisable that carapace and gills of C. amnicola should be disposed off at the pre-cooking stage of processing to reduce human uptake of toxic metals.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54779
Title: Effects of aspirin on development of chick embryo
Author: Swapnil Shevate, Nayana Nikumbh, Akshay Desai, Aniruddha Pawar and R K Pathak
Editor: Dr P K Wong, Dr R K Trivedy and Dr Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2011
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 13, No 1, 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environment Sciences
Keywords: Aspirin, window, cells, non-steroidal, drugs
Abstract: Aspirin is one of the most frequently used drugs in the treatment of mild to moderate pain, including that of migraines and fever. It is often combined with other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory durgs and opioid analgesics in the treatment of moderate to severe pain. In high doses, aspirin and other salicylates are used in the treatment of rheumatic fever, rheumatic arthritis, and other inflammatory joint conditions. In lower doses, aspirin also inhibits platelet aggregation, and has been shown to reduce the incidence of transient ischemic attacks and unstable angina in men, and can be used prophylactically. It is also used in the treatment of pericarditis, coronary artery diease, and acute infarction. Low doses of aspirin are also recommended for the prevention of stroke, and myocardial infarction in patients with diagnosed cardiovascular disease. It is of no value in people without proven heart diseased. A window technique has been developed for culturing the cells of fertilized egg. Cultured cells of fertilized egg were taken. The chemical (aspirin) to be tested was added 12-18 hrs after the fertilization, to the culture prepared by the above mentioned method. At this stage the cells present, are not directed to form any specified organ. This helps in obtaining better teratogenic results since then the affected cells from abnormal structures. Aspirin was added at stage 4 of the chick embryo culture. Various concentrations of aspirin from 200-1000 ?L were used. The abnormal structures were observed adn results recorded.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54778
Title: Effect of different immobilization techniques on enzyme activity
Author: R K Pathak, G Glen and Nitin Pereira
Editor: Dr P K Wong, Dr R K Trivedy and Dr Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2011
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 13, No 1, 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environment Sciences
Keywords: Protease, immobilization, matrices, polyacrylamide
Abstract: Immobilization, has emerged since last decade as a very powerful tool to improve almost al enzyme properties like stability, activity, specificity and selectivity, and reduction of inhibition. The immobilization may help to solve some of the problems of enzymes as industrial biocatalysts like enzyme recovery for reuse. In the present study 5 bacterial strains were isolated from alkaline soil collected from a beach. These cells were screened for protease activity. The initial activity of the cell was measured. The strain having high activity was selected for immobilization. The microorganisms were immobilized in various matrices, such as ca-alginate, polyacrylamide, agar-agar, and gelatin. The batch of 36 hrs was performed and the activity of the enzyme was measured for different matrices. The polyacrylamide showed the maximum enzyme activity. The batches were performed for 9 days to check the potential application and it was observed that the enzyme activity was high for first 6 days and later it started reducing.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54777
Title: A novel approach to pack a fermentor with defoamer coated open celled polyurethane foam and to test for feasibility of sterilization
Author: M Gangadhara Naidu and K M Subbu Rathinam
Editor: Dr P K Wong, Dr R K Trivedy and Dr Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2011
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 13, No 1, 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environment Sciences
Keywords: Open celled polyurethane foam, Sterilization of defoamer in fermentor, Moisture trapping
Abstract: A piece of open celled polyurethane foam (PUF) coated with undiluted defoaming agent was fixed at a particular position within a standard glass laboratory fermentor and subjected for steam sterilization at 1210C. Post sterilization observations showed that there was no appearance of any defoamer droplets on the contents of fermentor vessel and no presence of moisture within the sterilized defoamer coated open celled PUF. From this study, it can be concluded that a fermentor can be packed with a defoamer coated open celled PUF at a particular position and can be steam sterilized.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54776
Title: Production of poly beta hydroxybutyrate by Alcaligenes eutrophus and Bacillus megaterium using mollases
Author: S Asokan1 and C Susithra
Editor: Dr P K Wong, Dr R K Trivedy and Dr Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2011
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 13, No 1, 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environment Sciences
Keywords: Polyhydroxybutyrate, Alcaligenes eutrophus, Bacillus megaterium, Molasses
Abstract: In this present study, two bacterial species were isolated from the municipal waste disposable site located at, Peravurani, Thanjavur District of Tamil Nadu. By using these isolated and attempt was made to produce PHB by using molasses as a substrate. Culture conditions like pH have been optimized with different carbon and nitrogen sources in different concentrations. Alcaligenes eutrophus showed a higher percentages of PHB production (40%) and Bacillus megaterium was yielded a moderate results. Synthetic fermentative medium was used as a control. Optimized pH was observed as 7. Other parameters like carbon (maltose) and nitrogen (ammonium chloride) supplementation were also evaluated and the highest (0.524 g/L) productivity was observed in maltose supplemented medium when comparing the slightly lower level in case of sucrose supplemented medium (0.493 g/L).
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54775
Title: Creation of module using complex data-structure concepts for storing biological information
Author: Akshay Desai, Aniruddha Pawar, Swapnil Shevate and R K Pathak
Editor: Dr P K Wong, Dr R K Trivedy and Dr Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2011
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 13, No 1, 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environment Sciences
Keywords: Human hormones
Abstract: Data structures are widely used for efficient storage of data in programming world. In this module, complex data structures are used for storing information regarding Human hormones. In order to improve speed of execution of code, concept of references in PERL was widely used. Also, file handling concept wsa used to create an updated version of program as required by user. To this basic module, many utility codes can be designed to use the information stored by user.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54774
Title: Heavy metal concentrations the indoor fan dusts collected from residential areas near cities and recreational areas of peninsular Malaysia: possibility of atmospheric pollution
Author: C K Yap and W Y Chew
Editor: Dr P K Wong, Dr R K Trivedy and Dr Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2011
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 13, No 1, 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environment Sciences
Keywords: Dust, heavy metal, peninsular Malaysia
Abstract: The dust samples of table fans and ceiling fans were collected from 30 sites including residential areas near cities adn remote areas for peninsular Malaysia. These dust samples were analysed for the concentration fo Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn. The Cd concentrations ranged from 2.48 to 20.76 ?g/g (mean: 6.87+ 0.80?g/g) while the Cu concentrations ranged from 27.12 to 3264 ?g/g (mean : 273.45+ 106.89 ?g/g). For Zn, they ranged from 101.84 to 1848 ?g/g (mean :691.33 + 61.20 ?g/g). For Pb, they ranged from 165 to 843 ?g/g (mean:464.01+ 30.89 ?g/g) while for Ni, they ranged from 16.8 to 1927 ?g/g (mean :117.11 + 62.65 ?g/g). The wide ranges of heavy metal concentrations in the dust samples indicated that they received varies sources of anthropogenic inputs including vehicular combustion, house cooking smokes, smokers ' smokes and industries. From the results obtained it can be concluded that the residential areas near major cities had the highest level of heavy metals. On the other hand, sites near forest adn recreational areas were found to have low levels of heavy metals in the dust samples. This study signified the significant sources of heavy metal pollution due to anthropogenic sources namely vehicles and industries. These findings are useful in assessing the potential health hazards in humans.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54773
Title: Laboratory studies on the stabilized marine clay with GBFS and Ferric chloride using reinforcement techniques for the foundation beds
Author: Koteswara Rao, G V R Prasada Raju, Ramu, G V Raghavendra Kumar and B Gowtham Kumar
Editor: Dr P K Wong, Dr R K Trivedy and Dr Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2011
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 13, No 1, 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environment Sciences
Keywords: OMC, FSC, Load Carrying Capacity, Natural Moisture Content, unit cohensive, Granulated blast furnance slage (GBFS)
Abstract: Soft Marine clay deposits are found both in the coast and in several offshore areas spread over many parts of the world. Those soils are soft, highly saturated, of low density, low shear strength, sensitive, and normally consolidated. The present study deals with the load carrying capacity of the stabilized marine clay foundation beds by using the reinforcement techniques. The marine clay is collected from Kakinada Sea Port Ltd, Kakinada, A P , India. The load carrying capacity of the stabilized and reinforced Marine clay has been determined at Optimum Moisture Content (OMC) and Fully Saturated Condition (FSC) to suit for the foundation beds and the test results are also discussed in detail.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None