ID: 54922
Title: Estimation of sediment yield and selection of suitable sites for soil conservation measures in Ahar river basin of Udaipur, Rajasthan using RS and GIS techniques
Author: Deepesh Machiwal, S K Srivastava, Sadhna Jain
Editor: Prof George Joseph
Year: 2010
Publisher: Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Keywords: Indian catchment, runoff, sediment yield, soil conservation, supervised classification
Abstract: The present study aimed at quantification of sediment yield for Ahar River basin of Udaipur district in Rajasthan, India by a regional empirical model using RS and GIS techniques. The land use/land cover (LULC) map of the study area was prepared by supervised classification using satellite imagery of IRS-P6 LISS III. Overall accuracy of the prepared LULC map was 90.78%. The major portion of the study area (49%) is covered with rangeland. Slope map for the study area was developed using digital elevation model. The slope in most of the study area (40% of the total area) ranges from 1% to 4%. In addition, drainage density map of the study area was generated on micro-watershed basis. The study area is covered by a dendritic pattern of drainage whcih shows that rocks in the area are homogeneous and uniformly resistant to water flow. The drainage density in the study area is 1.11 km km-2. Annual sediment yield of the study area was quantified by Garde model. The mean annual runoff and sediment yield for the area was 37.58 million m3 and 8,760 m3/yr, respectively. Finally ,appropriate sites for construction of soil conservation measures are suggested using Boolean logic analysis method on conbined slope and drainage maps.
Location: 215
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54921
Title: An improved hierarchial segmentation method for Remote sensing images
Author: Yumin Tan, Jianzhu Huai, Zhongshi Tang, Weiwei Xi
Editor: Prof George Joseph
Year: 2010
Publisher: Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Keywords: Inversed quad tree, image segmentation, Remote sensing, eCognition, ENVI
Abstract: This paper presents an inversed quad tree merging method for hierarchial high-resolution remote sensing image segmentation, in which bottom-up approaches of region based merge techniques are chained.The image segmentation process in mainly composed of three sections: grouping pixels to form image object/region primitives in imagery using inversed quad tree, intializing neighbor list and region features variables and then hierarchial clustering neighboring regions. This segmentation algorithm has been tested on the QuickBird images and been evaluated and it exhibits good efficiency over initialization of neighbor list for quad tree node/region primitives. This paper also provides a brief proof of the good efficiency of a sorted merge list which can be viewed as an alternative for dither matrix to randomly distribute region merging pairs which is adopted in e-Cognition.
Location: 215
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54920
Title: An introduction to MODISI and SCMOD methods for correction of the MODIS snow assement algorithm
Author: Mohammad Reza Mobasheri, Hossein Shafizadeh Moghadam , Siavosh Shayan
Editor: Prof George Joseph
Year: 2010
Publisher: Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Keywords: Remote sensing, ASTER, MODIS, NDSI, snow
Abstract: Detection, monitoring and precise assessment of the snow covered retgions is an important issue. Snow cover area and consequently the amount of runoff generated from snowmelt have a significant effect on water supply management. To precisely detect and monitor the snow covered area we need satellite images with suitable and temporal resolutions where we usually lose one for the other. In this study, products of two sensors MODIS and ASTER both on board of TERRA platform having low and high spatial resolution respectively were used. The objective of the study was to modify the snow products of MODIS by using simultaneous images of ASTER. For this, MODIS snow index image with high temporal resolution were compared with that of ASTER, using regression and correlation analysis. To improve NDSI index two methods were developed. The first method generated from direct comparison of ASTER averaged NDSI with those of MODIS (MODISI). The second method generated by dividing MODIS NDSI index into 10 codes according to their percentage of surface cover and then compared the results with the difference between ASTER averaged and MODIS snow indices (SCMOD). Both methods were tested against some 16 MODIS pixels. It is found that the precision of the MODISI method was more than 96%. This for SCMOD was about 98%. The RMSE of both methods wee as good as 0.02.
Location: 215
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54919
Title: A web GIS application for Dams and drought in India
Author: Devendra Singh Rathore, Deepa Chalisgaonkar, R P Pandey, Tanvear Ahmad, Yatweer Singh
Editor: Prof George Joseph
Year: 2010
Publisher: Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Keywords: Dams, Drought, SPI, India, Mapserver
Abstract: Dams and diversion are built in India for meeting needs of water and energy. Due to variability of monsson in space and time, precipitation falls shot or exceeds causing in extreme cases drought and floods respectively . Water resource planners and engineers need information on dams and diversion. Drought information is needed in disaster managment. For dissemination of these spatial data. Web GIS technology can be utilized, which is amalgamation of several information technologies. For Web GIS application, a high end, powerful and open source software, namely Mapserver is available. The software is CGI technology based. An application on dams and drought information for India is conceptualized using Mapserver. It is planned to write the application by modifying available tutorial. This will require writing DHTML pages, writing logic, using available libraries etc. Separate DHTML pages will be written for dam and drought applications. For dam application pages will be written for storage, hydropower and all dams. The drought application will provide maps of rainfall over districts for different SPI and time scales.
Location: 215
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54918
Title: Monte Carlo method of finding overlap area between two image scenes when only corner coordinates are known
Author: D Sudheer Reddy
Editor: Prof George Joseph
Year: 2010
Publisher: Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Keywords: Overlap area computation, Monte Carlo method, Polygon intersection
Abstract: In the applications of remote -sensing it is a common task of finding out the overlap of coverage between two images. There are several methods available to find overlap area of varying time complexities. In this paper a method based on Monte Carlo approach is presented along with an algorithm to find common area using only corner coordinate information of the images. This method take less time than compared to the image matching methods via correlations when complete images are given. Futher, this algorithm facilitate finding optimal pairs (automatically) that can be mosaicked depending on the overlap area requirement. Another simplest and considerably fast algorithm is also elaborated for evaluation. A comparison of both methods is done with a sample of Cartosat-2 images and the results are presented.
Location: 215
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54917
Title: Spatial and temporal dynamics of Urban heat island and their relationship with land cover changes in Urbanization process: A case study in Suzhou, China
Author: Yongming Xu, Xhihao Qin, Hongxiu Wan
Editor: Prof George Joseph
Year: 2010
Publisher: Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Keywords: Urban heat island, Land cover, Remote sensing, Buffer analysis, Spatial and temporal dynamics
Abstract: One of the significant environmental consequences of urbanization is the urban heat island UUH). In this paper, Landsat TM images of 1986 and 2004 were utilized to study the spatial and temporal variations of heat island and their relationships with land cover changes in Suzhou, a Chinese city which experienced rapid urbanization in past decades. Land cover classifications were derived to quantify urban expansions and brightness temperatures were computed from the TM thermal data to express the urban thermal data to express the urban thermal environment. The spatial distributions of surface temperatureindicated that heat islands had been largely broadened and showed good agreements with urban expansion. Temperature statistics of main land cover types showed that built-up and bare land had higher surface temperatures than natural land covers, implying the warming effect caused by the urbanization with natural landscape being replaced by urban areas. In addition, the spatial detail distributions of surface temperature were compared with the distribution of land cover by means of GIS buffer analysis. Results show remarkable good correspondence between heat island variations with urban area expansions.
Location: 215
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54916
Title: Geomatics based analysis of predicted sea level Rise and its impacts in parts of Tamil Nadu Coast, India
Author: S M Ramasamy. C J Kumanan, J Saravanavel, A S Rajawat. V. Tamilarasan, Ajay
Editor: Prof George Joseph
Year: 2010
Publisher: Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Keywords: Predicted sea level rise, Predicted high tide line, Geomatics visualization of impacts, Tamil Nadu coast
Abstract: The coastal zones around the world are very densely populated and hence heavily packed with related infrastructures. So, the territorial nations have obvious apprehension against the IPCC SRES (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Special Report on Emission Scenario) predicted sea level rise, as it would cause flooding of the low lying coasts and also other related chains of environmental endangers. This has driven these nations to initiate research studies in multiple directions for scientifically evaluating the phenomenon impacts of sea level rise using all possible technologies including the Geomatics which possess uniqe credentials in geosystem mapping. But certain advanced virtues available with Geomatics technology are yet to be capitalized deservingly in this. In addition, almost all the earlier studies have focused only on the impacts of sea level rise (SLR) and not on the predicted shift of high tide line (HTL) and the related inter tidal activities, which would cause a series of environmental disaster. Hence, the present research study was undertaken in a test site of 750 mk2 in central Tamil Nadu coast to visualize the areas prone to submergence due to predicted SLR and areas prone to environmental disaster/degradation viz erosion, deposition, salination of agricultural lands, pollution of aquifers, etc. due to predicted shift of HTL, using digital elevation models derived from SRTM data (Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission), geomorphology and land use/cover maps interpreted uisng IRS P6 LISS IV satellite data. The paper narrates the certain newer concepts and methodologies adopted in the study and the results.
Location: 215
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54915
Title: Assessment of fragmentation and disturbance patterns in Eastern Ghats: A case study in R.V. Nagar range, Visakhapatnam District, Andhra Pradesh, India
Author: C Sudhakar Reddy, A Giriraj, Shilpa Babar, Prachi Ugle, S Sudhakar
Editor: Prof George Joseph
Year: 2010
Publisher: Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Keywords: Forest change, fragmentation, sensitivity index, threat index, Eastern Ghats
Abstract: At present the biodiversity in Eastern Ghats is threatened by loss of habitats, exploitation and unscientific management of natural resources, forest fire, biological invasion and other anthropogenic pressures. In this context, we have assessed the forest cover changes, fragmentation and disturbance in the R V Nagar Range of Eastern Ghats region. Andhra Pradesh using satellite remote sensing and GIS techniques. Satellite data of IRS-IA LISS II of 1988 and IRS-P6 LISS III of 2006 were assessed for forest cover changes in 1 sq km grid and generated as Sensitivity Index amp. Further the road and settlement buffer of 1000m was generated to represent Threat Index map. From 1988 to 2006, the forest cover had a total cover loss of 35.2 sq km and increase in scrub cover by 7.2%. Over all change analysis from 1988 to 2006 with reference to forest cover indicates, negative changes (loss of forest area) accounted for 48.1 sq km area and positive changes (gain of forest) for an area fo 12.1 sq km of area. The results of teh change detection using multi-date satellite imagery suggest degradation in forest cover over two decades, which necessitates the conservation measures in this range with high priority.
Location: 215
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54914
Title: Mapping of Croppign System for the Indo-Gangetic Plain Using Multi-Date SPOT NDVI - VGT Data
Author: Sushma Panigrahy, Gargi Upadhyay, Shibendu Shankar Ray, Jai S Parihar
Editor: Prof George Joseph
Year: 2010
Publisher: Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Keywords: Crop rotation, Remote sensing, Indo-gangetic plain, Multi-date, SPOT VGT, NDVI
Abstract: The present study has been carried out to delineate the existing cropping systems in the Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) using 10 day composite SPOT VEGETATION (VGT) NDVI data acquired over a crop year (June-May). Results showed that it is feasible to identify the major crops like rice, wheat, sugarcane, potato, and cotton in the dominant growing areas with good accuracy. Double cropping pattern is the most prevalent. Rice-wheat, sugarcane based, cotton-wheat, rice-potato, rice-rice, maize/millet-wheat are some of the major rotations followed. Rice-wheat is the dominant rotation accounting for around 40% of the net sown area. Triple crop rotations was less than 5% of the area and observed in some parts of Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and West Bengal. Single crop rotation of rice-fallow is significant only in West Bengal.
Location: 215
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54913
Title: Atmospheric Correction Over Coastal Turbid Waters of Bay of Bengal using OCEANSAT-1 Ocean Colour Monitor (OCM) Data
Author: Nivedita Sanwlani, Prakash Chauhan, Ranganath R Navalgund
Editor: Prof George Joseph
Year: 2010
Publisher: Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Keywords: Ocean colour, OCEANSAT-1, Ocean colour monitor (OCM), Turbid waters and atmospheric correction
Abstract: Space-borne ocean-colour remote sensor-detected radiance is heavily contaminated by solar radiation backscattered by the atmospheric air molecules and aerosols. Hence, the first step in ocean-colour data processing is the removal of this atmospheric contribution from the sensor-detected radiance to enable detection of optically active oceanic constituents e.g. chlorophyll-a, suspended sediment etc. In standard atmospheric correction procedure for OCEANSAT-1 Ocean Colour Monitor (OCM) data, NIR bands centered at 765 and 865 nm wavelengths were used for aerosol characterization. Due to high absorption by water molecules, ocean surface in these two wavelengths acts as dark background, therefore, sensor detected radiance can be assumed to have major contribution from atmospheric scattering. For coastal turbid waters this assumption of dark surface fails due to the presence of highly scattering sediments which causes sufficient water-leaving radiance in NIR bands and lead to over-estimation of aerosol radiance resulting in negative water leaving radiance for ? <700 nm. In the presetn study, for the turbid coastal waters in the northern Bay of Bengal, the concept of spatial homogeneity of aerosol and water leaving reflectance has been applied to perform atmospheric correction of OCEANSAT-1 OCM data. The results of the turbid water atmospheric correction have also been validated using in-situ measured water-leaving radiance. Comparison of satellite derived water-leaving radiance for five coastal stations derived water-leaving radiance for five coastal stations with in-situ measured radiance spectra, indicates an improvement over the standard atmospheric correction algorithm giving physically realistic and positive values. Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) between the in-situ measured and satellite derived water leaving radiance for wavelengths 412 nm, 443 nm, 490 nm, 512 nm and 555 nm was found to be 1.11, 0.718, 0.575, 0.611 and 0.651% respectively, using standard atmospheric correction procedure. By the use of spatial homogeneity concept, this error was reduced to 0.125, 0.173, 0.176, 0.225 and 0.290 and the correlation coefficient arrived at 0.945, which is an improvement over the standard atmospheric correction procedure.
Location: 215
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54912
Title: Recent trends of Arctic and Antartic summer sea-ice cover observed from space-borne Scatterometer
Author: Sandip R Oza, R K K Singh, N K Vyas, Abhijit Sarkar
Editor: Prof George Joseph
Year: 2010
Publisher: Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Keywords: Summer sea ice cover, Sea-ice trends, Scatterometer, QuikSCAT
Abstract: Long term variations in Sea ice distribution strongly influence the atmosphere and ocean in the polar regions. In the recent period significant variations in sea ice cover have been observed in both the hemispheres. In the past, studies have been carried out that report the trends either at the Artic/Antartic level or at sector level. However, only a few studies have concentrated on the investigation of trends at grid level using scatterometer data. The present study focuses on the investigations of the sea ice trend at 1 x 1degree grid level over the period 2000-2007 usign QuickSCAT 0.2- degree resolution Scatterometer data. It was observed that in the Arctic overall monthly trend is negative in all the sectors, with the Arctic level decline of 3.26% per year. In the Antartic, region-wise different trends have been observed. Negative trend is observed in the Amundsen-Bellingshausen Seas and also in the Indian Ocean sector near the continental Ice shelves. It was highlighted that significant trends exists within the pockets of marginal seas.
Location: 215
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54911
Title: Cellular Automata Based Model of Urban Spatial Growth
Author: Sandeep Maithani
Editor: Prof George Joseph
Year: 2010
Publisher: Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Keywords: Spatial urban growth, cellular automata, multi-criteria evaluation, GIS, Kappa coefficient
Abstract: In the study reported in this paper an attempt has been made to develop a Cellular Automata (CA) model for simulating future urban growth of an Indian city. In the model remote sensing data and GIS were used to provide the empirical data about urban growth while Markov chain process was used to predict the amount of land required for future urban use based on the empirical data. Multi-criteria evaluation (MCE) technique was used to reveal the relationships between future urban growth potential and site attributes of a site. Finally using the CA model, land for future urban development was spatially allocated based on the urban suitability image provided by MCE, neighbourhood information of a site and the amount of land predicted by Markov chain process. The model results were evaluated using Kappa Coefficient and future urban growth was simulated using the calibrated model.
Location: 215
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54910
Title: Mining Land Cover Information Using Multilayer Perceptron and Decision Tree from MODIS Data
Author: Uttam Kumar, Norman Kerle, Milap Punia, T. V. Ramachandra
Editor: Prof George Joseph
Year: 2010
Publisher: Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Keywords: Land cover, Multilayer perceptrons, Decision tree, Prinicipal component analysis, Minimum noise fraction
Abstract: Land cover (LC) changes play a major role in global as well as at regional scale patterns of the climate and biogeochemistry of the Earth system. LC information presents critical insights in understanding of Earth surface phenomena, particulary useful when obtained synoptically from remote sensing data. However, for developing countries and those with large geographical extent, regular LC mapping is prohibitive with data from commercial sensors (high cost factor) of limited spatial coverage (low temporal resolution and band swath). In this context, free MODIS data with good spectro temporal resolution meet the purpose. LC mapping from these data has continuously evolved with advances in classification algorithms. This paper presents a comparative study of two robust data mining techniques, the multilayer perceptron (MLP) and decision tree (DT) on different products of MODIS data corresponding to Kolar district, Karnataka, India. The MODIS classified images when compared at three different spatial scales (at district level, taluk level and pixel level) shows that MLP based classification on minimum noise fraction components on MODIS 36 bands provide the most accurate LC mapping with 86% accuracy, while DT on MODIS 36 bands principal components leads to less accurate classification (69%).
Location: 215
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54909
Title: Support Vector Machines for Automatic Multi-class Change Detection in Algerian Capital Using Landsat TM Imagery
Author: Hassiba Nemmour, Youcef Chibani
Editor: Prof George Joseph
Year: 2010
Publisher: Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing
Keywords: Change detection, multispectral images, neural networks, SVMs
Abstract: Recently, Support Vector Machines (SVMs) have shown a practical relevance in various image processing applications. This paper investigates their applicability for land cover and land use change detection using multi-sensor images of remote sensing. Then, the most widely used approaches for multi-class SVMs, which are the One-Against-All and the One-Against-One with both Max-Win and DDAG decision rules are implemented to perform multi-class change detection. SVMs are evaluated in comparison with artificial neural networks using different accuracy indicators. The results obtained showed that SVMs are much more efficient than artificial neural networkds and highlighted their suitability for land cover change detection.
Location: 215
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54908
Title: Impact of cement dust on growth and metabolism of Brassica olereacea
Author: S K Rafiq, S Khalid, B A Sheikh, N A Khan and M I Paul
Editor: Dr. R. K. Trivedy
Year: 2011
Publisher: EM International, Vol 30 (1), 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: cement dust, chlorophyll, caroteniod, protein, amino acid and Brassica olereacea
Abstract: The impact of cement dust on different biochemical parameters viz chlorophyll, phaeophytin, caroteniod free sugar, starch, amino acid and proteins were studied for a period of one year. All the parameters except amino acids showed a remarkable decrease as compared to control. Total chlorophyll content decreased by 91% and 83%, total phaeophytin by 86% and 76%, cartoeniod by 70% and 56%, Starch by 33% and 11%. free sugar by 17% and 6% and protein by 28% and 19% respectively at 50m and 100m away sites as compared to control. The amount of amino acid showed an increase of 13% and 5% at the same sites as compared to control.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None