ID: 54982
Title: Sialoadenectomy effect on sublingual gland of female mice (Mus musculus)
Author: M V Walvekar, P P Sarvalkar and L P Bhopale
Editor: P.K. Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2011
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 13, No 2, 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Siaoladenectomy, submandibular gland, sublingual gland
Abstract: The mouse submandibular gland is a rich source of various biologically active polypeptides. The polypeptides are also found in sublingual gland in smaller amount (Barka, 1980 and Sporn et al., 1982). To elucidate the functional significance of sublingual gland in absence of submandibular gland we have sialoadenectomised (removal of submandibular gland) the female mice of 20 days old and maintained under normal conditions in the departmental animal house upto the age of three months. There after protein content, amylase activity and histological study was carried out from sublingual gland of both sialoadenectomised and normal mice. The protein content and amylase activity was increased significantly in sublingual gland of sialoadenectomised mice as compared to the sublingual gland of normal mice. While histological study showed increase in secretory granules and length of secretory ducts in sublingual gland of sialoadenectomised mice as compared to normal mice. In sialoadenectomised mice sublingual gland shows rich glycoproteins in acini when stained with AB pH 2.5, while the acinin show less reactivity with AB pH 1 as compared to normal. Therefore the present data suggest that sublingual gland tries to compensate the functions of submandibular glands related to growth factors in absence of submandibular gland.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54981
Title: Study of the life stages of the biocontrol agent (Hippodamia convergens and Crysoperla carnea)
Author: Parikshit Bhamburkar, Mangala Karlekar (Bhamburkar) and Ashwini C. Makhale
Editor: P.K. Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2011
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 13, No 2, 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Biocontrol, predators, pest management
Abstract: The paper describes life stages of the biocontrol agent Hippodamia convergens and Crysoperla carnea.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54980
Title: Evaluation of hydrogeochemical characteristic of river Damodar
Author: U S Banerjee and S Gupta
Editor: P.K. Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2011
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 13, No 2, 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Geochemical characteristic, rock weathering, hydrochemical facies, Gibbs diagram
Abstract: The present research work was carried out to study the geochemical processes controllling water composition and variations in concentration of major ions in the study area of river Damodar. The analytical findings were plotted in geochemical ternary diagrams to find out the variability in water quality over this hydro-geographic condition. The concentration of different parameters of Damodar river water range between pH (7.5-8.7), EC 9160-640 micros/cm), calcium (0.745-2.004 meql-1), magnesium (0.829-3.573 meql-1), bicarbonate (1.311-3.174 meql-1), ammonia (0.0 - 0.946 meql-1), sulphate (0.195 - 1.488 meql-1), sulphate (0.195-1.488 meql-1), phosphate (0.0-0.036 meql-1), nitrate (0.0- 0.024 meql-1), sodium (0.141-1.060 meql-1), potassium (0.059-0.248 meql-1), fluoride (0.019 - 0.052 meql-1). Chemical data of water samples of the study area point towards a rock-dominance zone, according to the variations in the ratios of Na+: (Na++ ca2+) as a function of TDS in the water chemistry diagrams. Anion diagram study relating to Ca, Mg and (Na + K) reveals Ca2+ and Mg2+ are the major anion in the study area. Ternary diagram relating to HCO3, SO4 and Cl reveals HCO3- is the major anion of Damodar river water. Weathering of rock-forming minerals and anthropogenic activities and coal-based industries are the major controlling factors for water chemistry in the study area.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54979
Title: Coelomycetous fungal infection in rodents
Author: Manuel Thomas, K Abraham Samuel and Punnen Kurian
Editor: P.K. Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2011
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 13, No 2, 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Rodents, coelomycetous fungi
Abstract: The paper reports animal infection (rodents ) for the first time by coelomycetous fungi (Scytalidium dimidiatum).
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54978
Title: Engineering aspects for the prevention of microbial contamination in foods
Author: Sadaf Ahmad and Ahmad Ashfaq
Editor: P.K. Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2011
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 13, No 2, 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Food safety engineering, barrier technology, disinfection, microbial contamination
Abstract: The functional requirements, design, testing of food products, and finally the evaluation of products to check for overall efficiency, cost, reliability, and most importantly, safety are specified by food engineers. Food safety must be considered foremost as the overall engineering problem encountered in the food supply chain is dependent on it, and must be solved from a food safety engineering perspectivel The multi-diciplinary approach will involve certain engineering components related to advanced systems for re-contamination control. This paper emphasizes the need of food safety engineering perspective in order to produce high quality food products (minimally processes) that are both safe and secure.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54977
Title: Stress induced catalase activity in Vigna mungo
Author: K M Remya, T Deborah Paripuranam, H Sridhar and S Umamaheswari
Editor: P.K. Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2011
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 13, No 2, 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Vigna mungo, Catalase, stress condition, peroxisome, SDS-PAGE, catalase protein
Abstract: Catalase is the antioxidant heme containing redox enzyme present in all mammalian cells. It catalyses the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to water and oxygen. Catalase protects the cells from toxic compounds such as super oxide radical O2. Catalase activity was studied under different days, different photoperiod within a day, under in vitro condition on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, under different stress conditions such as UV, water, salt and pesticide. The result suggests that stress induces the catalase activity upon to a certain limit after which it decreases. This decreased activity is due to intolerance of plant in stress condition. Peroxisomes were isolated from the plant sample and their activity was determined. SDS-PAGE technique was used in which a single band was formed indicating that the peroxisomes might be the catalase protein.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54976
Title: Optimization for production of fungal amylase enzyme isolated from Penicillium chrysogenum (FGC/JNU201) in solid state fermentation
Author: M K Upadhyay, Ajay Kumar and A K Pandey
Editor: P.K. Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2011
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 13, No 2, 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Amylase, Penicillium chrysogenum, solid state fermentation, enzyme production
Abstract: A total of twelve isolates of Penicillium species isolated from different soil samples were screened for their ability to produce amylases. A selected strain, Penicillium chrysogenum (FGC/JNU201) revealed the high amylase activity in solid state culture. Different substrates and their combinations were screened for optimization of enzyme production. Individually groundnut oil cake, wheat bran and rice bran were found to be very good substrates for enzyme production where as the combinations of groundnut oil cake and rice bran in ratio of 1:2 exhibited higher enzyme titre. The enzyme amylase was found to be thermotolerant and active at wide range of pH and temperature.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54975
Title: Bio fouling of RO membranes
Author: A K Dwivedi, Vineet Rathore and Apoorva Dhupkar
Editor: P.K. Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2011
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 13, No 2, 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Reverse osmosis membranes, biofouling, water purification
Abstract: Reverse osmosis membranes applied in produced water purification or brackish water desalination suffer from biofouling, caused by formation of a biofilm on the membrane surface. Sudden outbreaks of biofilm growth will cause a severe loss of membrane performance (decreased flux and rejection), the need for more frequent cleaning and ultimately shorter membrane lifetime. Although biological fouling has always been an issue for water quality data collection, longer deployment times are now more common due to advances in electronics and equipment design. Considering this, manufacturers are actively pursuing anti-fouling methods to reduce the impact of biofouling on the quality of collected data. Membrane fouling occurs by the irreversible deposition of retained particles, colloids, macromolecules, salts, etc., on the membrane surface and/ or inside the membrane. This fouling is ubiquitous and is one of the most challenging problems to be solved before the full potential of industrial membrane filtration can be realized as results in a significant decline of the permeate flux.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54974
Title: Enrichment of protein content of pods and fruits of vegetable plants exposed to different percentages of vermicompost
Author: P K Ramasamy and S Umavathi
Editor: P.K. Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2011
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 13, No 2, 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Eudrilus eugeniae, vermicompost, Lady ' s finger (Hibiscus esculentus L.), Indian butter bean (dolichos lab lab L.), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), pods, fruits, protein content
Abstract: The decline in the nutrient level of agricultural land is an important drawback due to continuous cultivation. In order to increase the soil fertility, inorganic fertilizers are being widely utilized in our cultivable lands. Even though they promote the growth of crops, their toxic effect is the negative impact by means of their over utilization. To overcome all these unwanted factors the application of organic manure especially vermicompost is recommended. Vermicompost is a rich source of macronutrients, micronutrients, vitamins, plant enzymes and plant growth hormones. So, the present investigation was performed to study the influence of vermicompost on protein content in the pods and fruits of Lady ' s finger (Hibiscus esculentus L.), Indian butter bean (Dolichos lab lab L) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Different percentages of vermicompost (25%, 50%, 75% and 100%) derived from the earthworm, Eudrilus eugeniae was made with red soil. The Lady ' s finger (Hibiscus esculentus L.), Indian butter bean (Dolichos lab lab L) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L) plants were cultivated in these vermicompost-red soil mixtures for 90 days period of exposure. At the end of 90 days the pods of Lady ' s finger and Indian butter bean and fruits of the tomato plant were collected and tested for the level of the protein content. In the present study, high level of protein content was noticed in the pods of the Lady ' s finger and fruits of the Tomato plants grown in 50% vermicompost concentration but at the same time the high level of protein was noticed in pods of Indian butter bean plant cultivated in 75% vermicompost concentration. However, the low level of protein was noticed in the pods of Lady ' s finger and Indian butter bean and in the fruits of the Tomato from control plants of both plants.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54973
Title: Effect of vermiwash on laccase enzyme production by the newly isolated fungal isolate SMWF-10
Author: D Raghunathan and Kantha D Arunachalam
Editor: P.K. Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2011
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 13, No 2, 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Laccase vermiwash, ABTS
Abstract: Laccase is an oxidoreductase (EC 1.10.3.2) that catalyzes the oxidati0on of phenolic substrates by molecular oxygen and is found in a variety of lignin degrading fungal strains (Thurston 1994). Laccase has wide applications in biotechnology: dye decolourization, degradation of xenobiotics, biopulping, biobleaching, etc., (Couto and Herrera , 2006) and Mayer and Staples (2002). Several methods (submerged and solid state fermentation) are available for laccase production. The effect of temperature, pH, carbon source and nitrogen sources were also studied in detail for laccase production (Baldrian 2006).
Although most laccases are contitutively produced in a small amount, the production of laccases could be significantly enhanced by a wide variety of substances (Chen et al 2004; Gnanamani et al. 2006; Malhotra et al., 2004; and Vasconcelos et al., 2000). The enhancing effect of various inducers (phenolics, alcohols, heavy metals, vitamins, aminoacids, antibiotics) for laccase production were also reported (Baldrian 2006).
Nearly 104 times enhancement of laccas activity (759.8 U/L per day) was obtained using comples-inducer-supplemented (copper, xylindine, and phenolic mixture) medium due to the cooperative effect between the inducers on laccase production (Tavares et al. 2005). However, most potent laccase inducers, such as aromatic compounds, are volatile, toxic, and expensive precluding their use from industrial application. Furthermore, laccase production generally requires long fermentation time, which is still not appreciated for industrial applications. In recent times there has been a great degree of attempt to use the agro based wastes for the production of laccase enzyme, in order to reduce the cost.
Thus it has been a topic of concern to find environmentally sound and economically feasible compounds that stimulate laccase production. The object of this study was to examine the enhancing effect of vermiwash on laccase production with lignin-degrading fungi.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54972
Title: Iron accumulation by Bacillus circulans
Author: K V Pavani, Kiran Kalia and Gayathramma K
Editor: P.K. Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2011
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 13, No 2, 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Iron, Protein, Bacillus circulans
Abstract: Biosorption technology has gained tremendous importance because microbes could be the cheapest source of detoxification of effluent streams. The capacity of Bacillus circulans isolated from industrial effluent to grow and concentrate metal from the different concentration of iron (Ferrous Sulphate) containing medium was studied. Well defined growth of Bacillus circulans was observed only in the medium containing 0.2-4.0 mM of iron. The culture showed considerable inhibition of growth with iron as compared to the metal free controls. The maximum uptake of iron was observed in the cells grown in 3.0 mM concentration and further increase in the metal concentration was found to decrease its uptake. The cell membrane protein profile of the cells grown in metal free media showed the presence of ten different proteins. The total protein expression was reduced by the stress of iron.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54971
Title: AM colonizatin, nodulation and growth of Sesbania grandiflora tree species in ten social forestry nurseries
Author: Pavan Kumar Pindi
Editor: P.K. Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2011
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 13, No 2, 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: A M fungi, nurseries, Sesbania grandiflora, tree species
Abstract: S. grandiflora is a short-lived, quick-growing, soft wooded tree. It is grown for ornaments and is valued as food and also as a good fodder. Bark yields a good fibre and a gum and various parts have medicinal value. Variations in mycorrhizal colonization, nodulation and growth of Sesbania grandiflora tree species was investigated from ten social forestry nurseries. AM infection and number of resting spores varied with the type of soil. A direct correlation was observed between the phosphorus uptake with AM infection and nitrogen content with the number of root nodules. Sesbania grandiflora exhibited maximum colonization, spore population and nodulation in Gadwal nursery and minimum in Maktal.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54970
Title: Effect of gamma irradiation on aroma constituents of ginger rhizomes
Author: R Dhanya, B B Mishra and K M Khaleel
Editor: P.K. Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2011
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 13, No 2, 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Ginger, shelf-life, gamma radiation, volatile oil, GC-MS
Abstract: Fresh ginger rhizome is an important spice of medicinal and economic impotance which are prone to spoilage during storage. Gamma irradiation preservation techniques are used to prolong the shelf-life of these rhizomes. Gamma irradiation at the doses of 1, 3 and 5 kGy were carried out and volatile oil constituents of ginger rhizomes were analyzed by GC-MS. No statistical differences in volatile oil constituents were found between the radiation treated and control non-radiation treated rhizomes.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54969
Title: Effectiveness of free and immobilized cells of Aspergillus niger in the production of alpha-amylase from starch
Author: Neelam Gautam, K P Singh and D R Modi
Editor: P.K. Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2011
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 13, No 2, 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Aspergillus niger, alpha amylase, immobilized cells, nitrogen source
Abstract: Alpha amylase production has a wide range of applications in many industries such as baking brewing, wine and textile etc. The present study is concerned with the characterization of alpha - amylase producing Aspergillus niger isolate, optimization of medium composition, cultural conditions for alpha-amylase production, extraction and partial purification of extra cellular enzyme from a potential isolate, using both free and immobilized cells. The optimim pH, temperature and incubation period recorded for enzyme production were 5.0, 350C and 5 days for immobilized cells and 5.0, 300C and 5 days for free cells respectively. Among the carbon sources, starch was observed to be the best for a-amylase production. Peptone at 0.03% was an ideal nitrogen source. However, the surfactants that are Tween -80, Triton X-100 and SDS (Sodium dodecyl sulphate) at 0.02%, 0.002% and 0.0002% concentration respectively were most effective for enhancement of alpha-amylase production. Eventually, the characterization of the enzyme was performed by thin layer chromatography.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 54968
Title: Epidemiological survey and PCR based detection of mutation for breast cancer in West Bengal, India
Author: Arpita Chatterjee and Gopeswar Mukherjee
Editor: P.K. Wong, R.K. Trivedy, Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2011
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 13, No 2, 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Breast cancer, Rural Bengal, Mutation, BRCA2 gene
Abstract: Carcinoma breast was the most prevalent malignant condition among women world-wide. Present investigation on the incidence pattern of breast cancer in rural population of West Bengal revealed that among 3219 malignant case 39.05% showed breast carcinoma including 99.20% females and 0.79% males. Cancer frequency was moderate during 2004 to 2006, but it increased drastically from 2007 and reached maximum peak (28.00%) in 2009. Carcinoma breast was most prevalent in gorup O (32.86%) and in particulary middle age group (39.46% in 31 - 40 years age). A PCR based molecular approach was used to identify the mutation of BRCA2 genes and in very few cases (0.8%) BRCA2 999del5 mutation was detected.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None