ID: 55177
Title: Impact of airborne pollution on human health aspects in Tehran city (Iran)
Author: A R Sayadi, M H Sayadi and Z Shabani
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2011
Publisher: EM International, Vol 30 (2), 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: air pollution, human health, Tehran city
Abstract: The purpose of this review is to assess the contribution of air pollution to human health. The relationship between the air pollutants and human diseases in Tehran, Iran was reviewed. Clinical surveys have suggested a strong association between air pollution and human health. Urban and industrial areas in many parts of the world like Tehran are exposed to pollutants which have adversely affected air quality and human health. This review on the health affects of air pollution concluded that substantial evidence from controlled human exposure studies indicates that air pollution can increase the risk of diseases development.
Location: 232
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55176
Title: Air pollution monitoring in Ujjain city, India
Author: Omprakash Sahu and A K Dwivedi
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2011
Publisher: EM International, Vol 30 (2), 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Suspended particulate, Oxide of nitrogen, Oxide of sulphur , carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon, compression ignition, spark ignition, commercial area, silent area, residential area, and industrial area
Abstract: In the work the urban air pollution in Ujjain mainly due to domestic commercial and traffic activities with reference to SPM, NOx and SOx including vehicle exhaust emission HC & Co was studied. The study was planned to asses the concentration of different air pollution at various traffic intersections of important busy roads and some residential areas of the city.
Location: 232
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55175
Title: Assessment of pollution status of Khushalsar Lake, Kashmir, India, using multivariate statistical techniques
Author: Ishtiyaq Ahmed Najar and Anisa B Khan
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2011
Publisher: EM International, Vol 30 (2), 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Cluster analysis, factor analysis, Khushalsar Lake, pollution, principal component analysis
Abstract: Mutlivariate statistical applications in the interpretation of complex data matrix collected from Khushalsar lake during the period 2007-2009 is presented. The data set consisting of the analytical results of thirteen parameters, monitored on monthly basis from 3 sites were treated using cluster analysis, principal component analysis and factor analysis. Cluster analysis grouped 3 sites during four seasons into two clusters- moderately polluted (MP) and highly polluted (HP) sites based on similar water quality features. The lake remains moderately polluted during spring and summer where as highly polluted during autumn and winter. The principal component analysis/factor analysis applied to extract and recognize the factors responsible for water qulaity variations at three sites, resulted in three PCs for site 1 and site 3 where as four PCs for site 2, with total variance of 82.76%, 83.92% and 84.40% respectively. Further the principal component analysis and factor analysis identified the sources of pollution as mainly related to domestic wastewaters adn agricultural runoff and that seasonal variation plays important role in pollution dynamics of the lake.
Location: 232
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55174
Title: Heavy metals induced changes in the hepatosomatic and gonosomatic indices (HSI and GSI) of a freshwater teleost fish, Amblypharyngodon mola
Author: A D Shelke and G P Wani
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2011
Publisher: EM International, Vol 30 (2), 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Toxicity, heavy metals, HSI, GSI, A mola
Abstract: Aquatics environment gets contaminated with a variety of pollutants generated from diverse sources (industries, agricultural and domestic). Amongst the pollutants, pesticides, heavy metals and detergents are the major cause of concern for aquatic environment. Because of their toxicity, persistency and tendency to accumulate in organisms. The lethality of toxic substances including heavy metals to the aquatic organisms are assessed by static bio-assay method. The toxicity tests for mercuric chloride (HgCl2) arsenic trioxide (Ag2O3) and cadmium chloride (CdCl2) was determined by using 96h LC50 concentration on fish A. mola which indicated that cadmium chloride is less toxic and mercuric chloride was most highly toxic. The order of toxicity is HgCl2 > As2O3 > CdCl2. In the present investigation effect of mercuric chloride (HgCl2), arsenic trioxide (As2O3) and cadmium chloride (CdCl2) on the hepatosomatic index (HSI) and gonosomatic index (GSI) of a freshwater teleost fish, Amblypharyngodon mola was studied, the fishes were exposed to LC 50/10 ppm, values of 96 hours as a chronic exposure. On the exposure to heavy metals at sublethal concentration both hepatosomatic index (HSI) and gonosomatic index (GSI) are reduced.
Location: 232
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55173
Title: Environmental impact assessment of solid rocket motor exhaust
Author: S K Sahu, S Jena, R A Raj and R B Panda
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2011
Publisher: EM International, Vol 30 (2), 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Air sampler, suspended particulate matter Exhaust product analysis, ambient air quality
Abstract: Environmental impact assessment of solid rocket motor exhaust obtained due to mainly composite propellant combustion, have been highlighted. Exhaust product analysis has been carried out theoretically by computer software NASA CEC - 71 to identify toxic emissions of rocket combustion. In the present study a high volume Air Samplers (APM-430) was deployed at predetermined locations near static test bed for collection of toxic exhausts using liquid absorbents during actual static rocket motor test. The collected samples were analyzed susequently for quantitative estimation of suspended particulate matter (SPM), oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and oxides of sulphur (SOx) etc with the help of a spectrophotometer. Theoretical exhaust product analysis has been compared with the actual field measurement data to ascertain environmental safety.
Location: 232
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55172
Title: Adsorptive removal of Zn(II) from synthetic wastewater using rubber seed shell charcoal
Author: Mohan Thomas, George Sebastian, Anitha Pious and K C Philip
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2011
Publisher: EM International, Vol 30 (2), 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Adsorption, chitosan, biosorbent, isotherm, rubber seed shell charcoal
Abstract: Charcoal samples were prepared from rubber seed shell, an agricultural waste, for the removal of Zn (II) ions. The adsorption characteristics of Zn (II) ions from aqueous solution on to activated rubber seed shell charcoal (RSSC), acid treated rubber seed shell charcoal (ARSSC), chitosan coated rubber seed shell charcoal (CCRSSC), and chitosan coated acid treated rubber seed shell charcoal (CCARSSC) were investigated. The effect of pH of zinc solution, adsorbent dose and contact time on adsorption rates were studied in batch experiment. Results showed that chemically modified adsorbents with oxidizing agents or chitosan have better zinc (II) removal capacities than the untreated ones. The removal efficiency was found to be in the order (CCARSSC) >(CCRSSC) > (ARSSC) > (RSSC). The optimum pH was found to be 7. The equilibrium data for the adsorption of zinc (II) were analyzed in the light of Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models.
Location: 232
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55171
Title: Effect of sodium fluoride toxicity on reproductive organs of male albino rats
Author: R K Pande and Smita Tiwari
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2011
Publisher: EM International, Vol 30 (2), 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Sodium fluoride, male albino rats, fluoride toxicity
Abstract: Fluorosis is a dreaded disease caused due to high fluoride (>1.5 ppm) in drinking water. In the present study fertility impact of male albino rats (Rattus rattus), weighing between 150-200 g, were kept on sodium fluoride treated water (5, 20, 50) mg/kg b.w for 60 -90 days. The results revealed that the fluoride water exposure to male rats when after rest period of 30 days-90 days. The treated male rats cocaged with normal female rats caused irregular estrus cycle, reduced fertiltiy rate, number of litters, weights of reproductive organs (testes, epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicle and prostate). The data suggests that the sodium fluoride water exposure for 60-90 days caused adverse effect on reproductive organss, leading to reduced fertility and number of litters in new generations.
Location: 232
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55170
Title: Toxicity of heavy metals in the water of Ganga river at Varanasi, India: Environmental implication
Author: Asha Lata Singh
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2011
Publisher: EM International, Vol 30 (2), 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: River Ganga, Heavy metals, Water quality
Abstract: Ganga water samples were collected from twenty four sites (ghats). The water samples were analyzed for heavy metals like Cu, Cr, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cd and Pb. The pH of these water samples were found in alkaline range (7.20 -8.19). All the samples have shown Fe concentration more than permissible limit. Cu concentration is more than permissible limit in all the water samples except one site (Nishadraj ghat) where it varies between 0.168 ppm and 0.047 ppm. The concentration of Pb varies between 0.86 ppm and 0.04 ppm. Cd concentration was seen to range from 0.051 ppm to 0.009 ppm. The content of Cr is from 0.072 ppm to -0.017 ppm. Highest concentrations of heavy metals of Cu (0.168 ppm) and Pb (0.84 ppm) were found in Assi ghat sample, Cr (0.072) in Anandmayi ghat water sample, Cd (0.051 ppm) in Prabhu ghat water sample, Fe (1.981 ppm) in Riwa ghat water sample. An overall concentration of heavy metals in different water samples was found in the following order: Fe>CU>Pb>Cr>Cd. Only Mn and Zn were found under permissible limit in all water samples.
Location: 232
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55169
Title: Impact of aqua and industrial pollution on the nutrient status of the Kandleru estuary
Author: C V Narasimha Murthy and P Georgeena Kumari
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2011
Publisher: EM International, Vol 30 (2), 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Kandleru estuary, Nutrient status, Aqua pollution
Abstract: Investigation on the physico-chemical factors at two different stations (I and II) in the Kandleru estuary, Nellore district, A P., which is lying along the east cast of India showed seasonal variations in all the parameters observed of the two stations studied, station - I recorded higher values of temperature, salinity, pH, and nutrients (PO4, NO2, NO3 and SiO2) and low dissolved oxygen, which is indicating the high pollution load, mainly due to the aqua pollution, Krishna patnam port activites and effluents of Nellore district industrial infrastructure complex increasing trend of pollution of Kandleru estuary.
Location: 232
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55168
Title: Study of physico-chemical characteristics of water samples from Assi River, Varanasi, U P India
Author: Asha Lata Singh
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2011
Publisher: EM International, Vol 30 (2), 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Assi river, Water samples, Physico chemical characteristics
Abstract: Water samples were collected from sixteen sites of historical Assi river. These water samples were analysed for various physico-chemical components (pH, TS, TDS, TSS, DO, BOD, CO2, H2S, SO4, Cl2 and PO4). The analyses reveal that phosphate, H2S and CO2 are in elevated concentrations exceeding the permissible limit while DO was found to be nil. The deficiency of oxygen indicates an anaerobic condition in the water of this river. Assi river is heavily polluted and there is urgent need to control its water quality, considering its historical importance.
Location: 232
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55167
Title: A comparative study to assess water quality of Kolar and Halali dam of Madhya Pradesh, India
Author: Anu, S K Upadhyaya and Avinash Bajpai
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2011
Publisher: EM International, Vol 30 (2), 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Water pollution, BOD, COD, heavy metals, anthropogenic activities
Abstract: Bhopal the capital of M P is known as the "city of lakes", owing to a large number of water bodies present in and around Bhopal. But they are grossly polluted by domestic raw sewage from the surrounding habitation, agricultural waste, and industrial wastes. Present study is focused on comparison of water quality of two water bodies mainly Kolar dam and Halali dam near Bhopal. Kolar reservoir is the main source of potable water in Bhopal city while Halali dam is mainly used for recreational and secondary purposes. This may lead to decrease in storage capacity of these water bodies. The water samples were taken from the identified sampling points of these water bodies to assess the water quality. Higher values of BOD, COD, heavy metal (Cu) in Halali dam indicates the pollution level in Halali dam.
Location: 232
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55166
Title: Assessment of drinking water quality of Madhubani town
Author: Amita Kiran and Arvind Kumar Jha
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2011
Publisher: EM International, Vol 30 (2), 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Drinking water quality, Madubani town
Abstract: Groundwater quality of Madhubani Town, was studied for a period of one year (January 2009 to December 2009) to assess its suitability for drinking purposes. Ground water forms major source of drinking water in Madhubani Municipal area. One Hundred Twenty ground water samples from Thirty Wards of Madhubani Town were collected for the study. Four samples each from thirty wards were collected. Fifteen physico-chemical parameters were analyzed and observed values were compared with standard values recommended by Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS). Analyses of results showed that water is suitable for drinking purposes. Only the iron concentration was found to be crossing the permissible limit in 70 samples. The study also revealed that groundwater of the area is moderately hard. Fluoride content was observed very low in all ground water samples.
Location: 232
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55165
Title: Hydrochemistry of Malpura Tehsil (Tonk, Rajasthan), India by analysis of various ground water quality parameters
Author: Girja Shanker Tailor and C P Singh Chandel
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2011
Publisher: EM International, Vol 30 (2), 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Piper trilinear diagram, Ground water, Chemical indices, hazard
Abstract: Ground water, being a fragile and important source of drinkign water, must therefore be carefully managed to maintain its purity within standard limits. In order to evaluate the major suitability of water for drinking, irrigation and domestic use, the chemical characteristics of groundwater in Malpura Tehsil (Tonk district, Rajasthan) have been investigated and evaluated. Water samples from hand pumps, open wells and bore wells were collected during monsoon session 2009 and analyzed for major anions (HCo3-, Cl-, F- ,SO42-, NO3-, CO32-) and major cations (Ca2+, Na+,Mg2+, K+) besides physical and chemical parameters (pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids and total hardness). To understand the water quality and utilitarian aspects of ground water, chemical indices like SAR, RSc, %Na, Piper trilinear diagram and US salinity laboratory hazard diagram were calculated based on the analytical results. According to EC and SAR calculation the most dominant classes C4S2, C4S3, C3S1, C3S2, C3S3 and C2S1 were found. The water that predominated in the study area is Na+ - K+ - Cl- - SO42- typed, based on hydro chemical facies.
Location: 232
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55164
Title: Drinking and irrigational feasibility of groundwaters in Jaipur city, Rajasthan -India
Author: Dinesh Kumar Tank and C P Singh Chandel
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2011
Publisher: EM International, Vol 30 (2), 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Groundwater, piper diagram, salinity and alkali hazard, SAR and RSC
Abstract: Groundwater quality of Jaipur district is extensively monitored during monsoon (June 2008 to September 2008). Water samples from 15 deep tube wells and hand pumps were analyzed for pH, EC, TDS, Na+, K, Ca++, Mg++, NO3-, SO42-, Cl-, CO3-2 and HCO3-. In addition SAR, %Na and RSC were calculated following standard equations. The value of EC and SAR indicated that four samples were in ' medium salinity-low alkali ' and 3 were in ' very high salinity-low alkali ' hazard class by using US Salinity diagram. Only one sample falls in ' high salinity-medium alkali ' . On the basis of RSC values all samples were of ' suitable ' class. As a whole, groundwater of the area can safely be used for long-term irrigation. But some of those may not be suitable for drinking uses in consideration of Ca++, Mg++, NO3- and TDS high values. Most of the parameters are correlated with one another.
Location: 232
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 55163
Title: Fish diversity of Betwa River in Madhya Pradesh
Author: D Vaish, R K Singh and A Bajpai
Editor: Dr R K Trivedy
Year: 2011
Publisher: EM International, Vol 30 (2), 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Fish, diversity, river, Madhya Pradesh
Abstract: Betwa is one of the most important rivers of Madhya Pradesh. Among the other rivers Betwa river is also facing the problem of depletion of fish diversity. During the period of study an attempt is made to assess the number of fish species which are present at three stasions, covers approximate 180 km of river. At some stations higher number of fishes were recorded due to depth of river and availability of water etc.
Location: 232
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None