ID: 56212
Title: Thermal degradation studies of HTPB based polymer with the influence of chromium based catalysts
Author: Pandey M, Jha S, Jha A and Jha R R
Editor: Dr Shankar Gargh
Year: 2011
Publisher: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, Vol 15(4), December 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment
Keywords: HTPB, thermal degradation, thermo gravimetric analysis, chromates, catalysts
Abstract: The thermal degradation of HTPB based polymer has been analysed with the influence of chromium based catalysts through thermo gravimetric analyser (TGA). The TGA results reveal that cured HTPB degraded in two steps one at lower and other at high temperature zone. Among the additives, the degradation of HTPB at lower temperature zone is found to accelerate with Copper Chromate and delayed with Ammonium dichromate (ADC), Potassium dichrate (KDC), Lead chromate (PbC) and Cr2O3. Before reaching the high temperature degradation zone, cyclisation reaction is found to dominate over the degradation, as a result a slow degradation is recorded with HTPB. Ammonium dichromate (ADC), Potassium dichrate (KDC) and Cr2O3 are found effective in the second region. These catalysts accelerated polymeric degradation over the cyclisation process preponed the second zone degradation. The kinetic energies are calculated higher for all catalysed system in the first degradation zone and lower values in the second degradation zone than uncatalysed system.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 56211
Title: Facile synthesis of some N-ethoxyphthalimido-4-(5-(4-substitutedphenyl)-3-phenyl-4,5-dihydropyrazol-1-YI)-2-substitutedphenyl-1Hbenzo[B][1,5]diazepine
Author: Hussain Nasir, Dangi Rajaram and Talesara Ganpat L
Editor: Dr Shankar Gargh
Year: 2011
Publisher: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, Vol 15(4), December 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment
Keywords: Substituted aldehydes, O-phenylenediamine, bromoethoxyphthalimide
Abstract: Pyrazolo benzodiazepine compounds containing alkoxyph thalimide moiety have been synthesized through a multiple step pathway starting from chalcone la-c. Cyclization of these with hydrazine hydrate in acetic acid yielded 1-[5-(4-substitutedphenyl)-3-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]ethanone 2a-c. Base catalyzed condensation of 2a-c with various aldehydes yielded 3-(4-substitutedphenyl)-1-(5-(4-substitutedphenyl)-phenyl-4,5-dihydropyrazol-1-yl) prop-2-en-l-one 3a-f. These compounds on treatment with O-phenylenediamine gave compounds 4a-f. These 4a-f on refluxing with bromoethoxyphthalimide yielded final compounds N- ethoxyphthalimido-4-(5-(4-substitutedphenyl)-phenyl-4,5-dihydropyrazol-1--yl)-2-substitutedphenyl-1H benzo[b][1,5] diazepine 5a-f. In another path way chalcones 1a-c were refluxed with O-phenyl enediamine gave 2- (4-substitutedphenyl)-4-phenyl-1H-1,5-benzod -iaz epine 6a-c. In final step 6a-c on treatment with bromoethoxyphthalimide gave compounds N-ethoxyphthalimido-2-(4-substitutedphenyl) -4-phenyl-1H-1,5-benzo diazepine 7a-c.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 56210
Title: Properties of the sintered product based on electrofilter ash depending on the mineral content of Binder
Author: Krgovic Milun, ZejaRadomir K, Ivanovic Mileta, Vukcevic Mira, Boskovic Ivana, Knezevic Milos and Zlaticanin Biljana
Editor: Dr Shankar Gargh
Year: 2011
Publisher: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, Vol 15(4), December 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment
Keywords: clay, sintering, porosity, volume shrinkage, compression strength
Abstract: The aim of the investigation was to determine the influence of the mineral content of clay as a binder on the properties of the sintered product based on electrofilter ash. Electrofilter ash was used as a component of the raw material mixture. The second component was illite-kaolinite clay. Four types of illite-kaolinite clays were used to investigate the influence of their mineral content on the properties of the sintered product with regard to the linear and volume shrinkage, total porosity and compression strength. The ash content in two-component raw material mixtures was constant (30 wt%) and the comparison of the named properties was performed on the basis of the mineral content of clay as a binder.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 56209
Title: Preparation and modification of activated carbon from oil-palm shell and its adsorption capacity through speciation of chromium
Author: Rahman M M and Yusof A M
Editor: Dr Shankar Gargh
Year: 2011
Publisher: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, Vol 15(4), December 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment
Keywords: Oil-palm shell, carbonization, steam - activation, porosity
Abstract: A preparation and modification of activated carbon from oil-palm shell has been investigated in this paper. A pretreatment method has been established to avoid partial fusion and swelling in the carbonization stage. Carbonization has been studied at different temperatures and the structure of the microporous chars has been characterized. Activated carbon has been prepared from steam gasification of chars obtained at 8000C. This activation increases both total and narrow microporosity and develops a substantial mesoporosity. Activated carbon with different pore size distribution is impregnated with zirconium chloride and iron chloride salts to give impregnated carbon with different metals loading. The presence of active metal on an impregnated activated carbon surface greatly affects the adsorption affinity since some inorganic compounds will then be adsorbed preferentially.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 56208
Title: HPLC-ICP-MS speciation analysis of arsenic in river water of Sungai Kinta Malaysia
Author: Baharuddin Norshidah, Saim Norashikin, Osman Rozita, Zain Sharifuddin Md. Juahir Hafizan and Siti Rafzah Saari
Editor: Dr Shankar Gargh
Year: 2011
Publisher: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, Vol 15(4), December 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment
Keywords: Arsenite, As(III), arsenate, As (V), liquid chromatography coupled to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LC-ICP-MS)
Abstract: The toxicity and carcinogenicity of arsenic depend on its species. A procedure for the separation of the arsenic species namely arsenite As (III) and arsenate AS (V) by liquid chromatography coupled to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LC-ICP-MS) is described. It has been successfully applied to the anlaysis of arsenic in river water of Sungai Kinta, Malaysia. No itnerference of 40Ar, 35Cl and 75 As was observed using the developed method. The separation of arsenic species produced peaks of As (III) at 1.6 min and As (V) at 4.8 min. The detection limits were found to be 1.0 and 0.5 ppb for As (III) and As (V) respectively. Standard addition method confirmed the accuracy with acceptable recoveries of As(III) and As (V). The results revealed that As (V) was more prominent than As (III) in most sampling sites.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 56207
Title: The bioleaching effect of mine tailings by acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans within direct current magnetics
Author: Li Dou, Li Dongwei and Lu Lili
Editor: Dr Shankar Gargh
Year: 2011
Publisher: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, Vol 15(4), December 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment
Keywords: Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, mine tailings, chalcopyrite flotation process, direct current magnetics
Abstract: Mine tailings from the chalcopyrite flotation process contain several elements (such as As, Cd and Cu) which are harmful if they are released to the soil and underground water. The aim of the experiment was to evaluate the bioleaching effect of mine tailings by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans within direct current magnetics. The dissolved As, Cd, Cu and Fe concentrations wre studied at 320C with 5% pulp density in bioreactor and the experiment performed for 24 days in the 9K basal medium (without FeSO4. 7H2O) at the initial pH=2. A control experiment was set without DC magnetics. The results showed that the dissolved As and Cd concentrations of control test were always higher than that of DC magnetics test. DC magnetics improved the bioleaching effect of Cu and Fe and DC magnetics might change the structure of water molecule to alter the solvent nature.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 56206
Title: Pyrene removal by white rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium immobilized on sugarcane Bagasse
Author: Khodddam Masoumeh, Nasernejad Bahram, Khoddam Mohammad Ali and Mehrnia Mohammad Reza
Editor: Dr Shankar Gargh
Year: 2011
Publisher: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, Vol 15(4), December 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment
Keywords: Bagasse, immobilization, manganese peroxidase (MnP), Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Pyrene biodegradation
Abstract: Effect of pyrene concentration on Phanerochaete chrysosporium growth and its manganese peroxidase activity, both in form of free cell and on-bagasse immobilized were studied. Experiments were conducted at pyrene concentrations fo 50,100 and 200 mg/L and each time biodegradation extent was measured till 10 days after pyrene injection. Biomass dry weight of the fungus increased with pyrene concentration and its largest value, considering both free cell and immobilized forms, pertained to the case with 200 mg/L and corresponded to 2.1 and 6.2 g/L respectively. The enzyme activity exhibited a declining trend with pyrene concentration increase up to 200 mg/L for the free cell form which attributed to the inhibitive role of pyrene within the culture medium. In the immobilized form, the enzyme activity increased up to a peak (23 U/L) at concentration of 100 mg/L followed by a descending zone where the counteracting factor of immobilization against pyrene inhibitory effect is overweighed by high pyrene concentrations. Also, the time needed to observe the highest enzyme activity was lowered from 7 to 4 days. It was found that the use of bagasse-immobilized P. chrysosporium would hinder inhibitory effect of pyrene up to a specific extent and thus will favor its biodegradation.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 56205
Title: Pervaporation of water-isopropanol mixtures through ferrierite zeolite membrane
Author: Sharma Aarti and Tomar Radha
Editor: Dr Shankar Gargh
Year: 2011
Publisher: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, Vol 15(4), December 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment
Keywords: Ferrierite zeolite, zeolite membrane, water-isopropanol mixture, pervaporation
Abstract: Ferrierite zeolite membrane was successfull prepared by hydrothermal synthesis. Crystallization was carried out at a static condition under autogenously high pressure and temperature of 1800C. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) pattern of ferrierite and its membrane shows similar peaks. The crystal species were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Elemental detection of ferrierite zeolite was carried out by Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) and different groups present in ferrierite zeolite can be determined by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Effect of various parameters such as separation time, temperature, molar concentration of water-isoporpanol mixture and amount of zeolite on pervaporation of water-isopropanol mixtures has been studied. Membrane was analyzed and its was observed that selectivity increased simultaneously with increase in zeolite content in the mixture. It can be explained on the basis of enhancement of hydrophilicity, selective adsorption and molecular sieving action including reduction of pore size of membrane matrix. Selective separation of the membrane was determined with the help of Gas Chromatography.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 56204
Title: The influence of a new - synthesized zinc (II) dithiocarbamate complex on fungus Phomopsis viticola Sacc
Author: Leka Zorica and Latinovic Nedeljko
Editor: Dr Shankar Gargh
Year: 2011
Publisher: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, Vol 15(4), December 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment
Keywords: Zinc (II) complex, dithiocarbamate, synthesis, fungitoxicity, Phomopsis viticola
Abstract: A new zinc (II) complex is synthesized with the recently derived polydentate dithiocarbamate ligand, triammonium-N-dithiocarboxyiminodiacetate (NH4)3 L. The complex is characterized by microanalysis and IR spectroscopy. The IR spectrum study of the complex suggests that dithiocarbamate ligand coordinates to zinc (II) ion through the sulfur atoms from the dithiocarbamate group. Fungi toxicity of the derived zinc complex, as well as already used dithiocarbamate ligand, was tested on fungus Phomopsis viticola which causes Phomopsis Cane and Leaf Spot diseases of grapevine. Given results were then compared to the efficacy of the commercial dithiocarbamate fungicide-mancozeb used for control of this disease.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 56203
Title: Effects of soil treatments amended with organic manure on lubricant oil degradation
Author: Gopamma D and Srinivas N
Editor: Dr Shankar Gargh
Year: 2011
Publisher: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, Vol 15(4), December 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment
Keywords: Organic manure, biodegradation, microbial respiration, lubricant oil
Abstract: The use of organic manure or compost in bioremediation of oil sludge is gaining importance. The effect of organic manure on biodegradation of sil contaminated with lubricant oil was investigated. The soils contained in plastics bags were contaminated with lubricant oil at the rate of 5 g/kg. The soil samples were amended with organic manure at different proportions such as 5%, 10%, 25%, 50% and 75%. The experimental samples were setup and monitored for period of 30 days.
The control and treatment of soil samples were characterized for pH, microbial respiration, organic carbon and heterotrophic bacterial count. The experiment results showed enhanced biodegradation of lubricant oil due to organic manure addition. The maximum removal was 19.8% after four week study period at 75% of amendment. The result showed that nutrient supplementation enhanced the biodegradation rate of lubricant oil.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 56202
Title: Effects of resuspension on the transfer and transformation of nitrogen and phosphrous species at sediments-water interface in simulative lake system
Author: Peng Hong
Editor: Dr Shankar Gargh
Year: 2011
Publisher: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, Vol 15(4), December 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment
Keywords: Resuspension, nitrogen, phosphorus, effect, sediment
Abstract: The effects of resuspension on the transfer and transformation of the nitrogen and phosphorus species at the sediments-water interface in simulative lake system were investigated. The concentrations of different species of nitrogen and phosphorus under different conditions in the water and sediments were determined respectively. Results showed that at the higher disturbance frequency, the more ammonia was released from the surface sediments and the equilibrium of total phosphorus concentration in water can be arrived in a short time.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 56201
Title: Fingerprint detection of nitroaromatic pollutants using 266 nm Ultraviolet Resonance Raman Spectroscopy
Author: Pei Kemei, Chen Lin and Zheng Xuming
Editor: Dr Shankar Gargh
Year: 2011
Publisher: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, Vol 15(4), December 2011
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment
Keywords: Nitroaromatic pollutants, UV resonance Raman spectroscopy, fingerprint bands, detection, 266 nm
Abstract: The 266 nm excited resonance Raman spectra of nitroaromatic pollutants in water were measured at different concentrations. The fingerprint bands of nitroaromatic pollutants are the strong fundamental, overtone and combination bands of the aromatic ring C=C stretch and NO2 symmetric stretch. In the concentration range 40-500 uM/L, the intensity of NO2 symmetric stretch increases linearly. 266 nm ultraviolet resonance Raman technique enables detection of nitroaromatic compounds at 4 x 10-5 mol/L (about 6 ppm concentration) and is proved to be a robust method for the on-line or off-line spectroscopic detection of nitroaromatic pollutants.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 56200
Title: A survey on acrylamide content in some of the food samples in and around Mysore city, India
Author: N S Mohan Kumar and H K Manonmani
Editor: Dr P K Wong, Dr R K Trivedy, Dr Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2012
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 14, No 1, 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiologgy, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Acrylamide, fried foods, baked food, Millard reaction, carcinogen
Abstract: Acrylamide content in certain food products is an important issue for both food industry and academic research institutions. The present paper describes a survey on the occurrence of acrylamide in fried foods including potatoes, bakery products, nuts, cereals, pulse based foods and coffee. In roasted coffee beans acrylamide content ranged from 5-43 mg/g followed by potatoes 0.3-1.1 mg/g. The other fried starchy foods such as banana, sweet potato also had acrylamide content. Acrylamide was not found to be formed in cooked and then freid foods. In cereal and pulse based foods and cocoa products the acrylamide formed was low. The dependence of quantity of acrylamide formed, on frying temperature, asparagine and sugar contents needs further investigation.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 56199
Title: Biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbon by two Aspergillus spp. and two Penicillium spp. isolated from the contaminated soil and water of ship breaking yard
Author: Kartik Dhar, Shoma Dutta and M N Anwar
Editor: Dr P K Wong, Dr R K Trivedy, Dr Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2012
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 14, No 1, 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiologgy, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Petroleum hydrocarbon, biodegradation, fungi
Abstract: Petroleum hydrocarbon pollution caused by ship breaking activities around Bhatiari coast of Chittagong is one of the major environmental problem in Bangladesh. Currently available chemical and mechanical methods have limited effectivenss and expensive. Bioremediation of petroleum contamination by using fungi is cost-effective, environment friendly and easy to operate. Two Aspergillus spp. (Aspergillus candidus and Aspergillus fumigatus); and two Penicillium spp. (Penicillium fuscum and Penicillium waksmani) were isolated from the oil contaminated sites of Bhatiari and characterized. All the four species have the ability of complete decolourization of Redox reagent (2,6 - dinitrophenol indophenol). Marked cultural and morphological differences were observed when the isolates were grown on different hydrocarbon source containing media. The isolates had been found to show biodegradation of kerosene, diesel and octane with in defined period of time. Greasy spot test was used for primary indication of degradation. For more specific estimation of degradation rate spectrophotometric method was carried out. The isolate Penicillium waksmani showed highest percent (60.5% and 59.85%) degradation of kerosene and diesel. Aspergillus fumigatus was found to degrade highest percent (61.29%) of octane. These results suggest that the fungal population could be used for bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbon pollution.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 56198
Title: Effect of chromium on various bio-chemical parameters of Pithophora sp
Author: N H Brahmbhatt and Rinku V Patel
Editor: Dr P K Wong, Dr R K Trivedy, Dr Sadhana Sharma
Year: 2012
Publisher: Global Science Publications, Vol 14, No 1, 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiologgy, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Pithophora sp, Chromium, Bio-chemical parameters, Wastewater
Abstract: The industria wastewater and algae were collected from Ankleshwar GIDC area. The collected sample of Pithophora sp. were treated with Chromium ion at different concentrations and at different duration of incubation periods. Investigations of the various bio-chemical parameters and its effect and accumulation of Chromium by Pithophora sp was studied. In conclusion, Pithophora sp. was able to grow in Chromium contaminated sites and to accumulate significant amounts of Chromium with a high transfer factor.
Location: 241
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None