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ID: 64891
Title: Butterfly diversity in al forests of Kharsawan region o Seraikela-Kharsawan district, Kolhan division, Jharkhand, India
Author: B. Thirupam Reddy, N.N.Rajgopal , P.R. Shashank, Mohammed M. Baig, K.S. Ashoka, C.Srinivas and K. Sathyanarayana
Editor: Richa Misra
Year: 2023
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 149 (6) Pg No. 629-637 (2023)
Subject: Butterfly diversity in al forests of Kharsawan region o Seraikela-Kharsawan district, Kolhan division, Jharkhand, India
Keywords: New record, Diversity, Hesperiidae, Lycaenidae, Nymphalidae,Papilionidae,Pieridae,Riodinidae, Jharkhand, India
Abstract: Jharkhand is home for diverse fauna and flora and the present study of butterflies through visual encounters over a 2-year study period in the Kharsawan region of Seraikela-Kharsawan district recorded 84 species of butterflies belonging to 61 genera representing 6 families (Hesperiidae, species 12 species of three different families are first records for the state of Jharkhand and 15 species of five families are protected under Indian Wildlife 9Protection) Act, 1972 (WPA)
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Dennis R.H.L. (1993). Butterflies and Climate Change, Published by University Press, Manchester,1-302. Ehrlich P.R. and Raen P.H. (1964). Butterflies and plants: a study in co-evolution. Evolution, 18: 586-608.
Literature cited 2: Giraddi R.S. and Thirupamreddy B. (2018). Butterflies of UAS, Dharwad Campus, Published by Dean (Agri), College of Agriculture, UAS, Dharwad, 1-78. Hembrom, A. and Sinha B.K. (2012). A report on Butterfly Diversity of Reclaimed OBDs of Kathara Coalmine Area, Jharkhand. Asian Journal of Experimental Sciences, 26 (2): 53-60.

ID: 64890
Title: Imapcts of regeneration failure in population structure of Indian sandalwood forest in Marayoor, Kerala
Author: M.V.Durai
Editor: Richa Misra
Year: 2023
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 149 (6) Pg No. 614-621 (2023)
Subject: Imapcts of regeneration failure in population structure of Indian sandalwood forest in Marayoor, Kerala
Keywords: Sandalwood, Regeneration, Kerala, Population, Forest
Abstract: Sandalwood (Santalum album) is one of the highly prized timber species in the world for its fragrance. The success of its regeneration in forest is highly dependent on seed production, seed dispersal, germination, vitality of a species and presence of biotic disturbances. The present study was conducted in different naturalized sandalwood reserves (SRs) in Marayoor, Kerala to understand population structure and natural regeneration status of sandalwood. All SRs are having un-balanced population structure and seedlings (<30 cm firth at breast height) account <4% of the total stems, which indicates a declining population trend. Regeneration of sandalwood could not be improved in all SRs due to heavy grazing by wild animals and cattle despite efforts of artificial regeneration and abundant seed production.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Balasundaran M. (2010). Improving sandal population in Marayoor sandal reserves through assisted natural regeneration, KFRI Research Report No. 349-19 Pp. Balasundaran M. (2010). Improving sandal population in Marayoor sandal reserves through assisted natural regeneration, KFRI Research Report No.349, Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi, Trichur.
Literature cited 2: Condit R. Sukumar R. Hubbell S.P. and Foster R.B. (1998). Predicting population trends from size distributions: A direct test in tropical tree community. American Naturalist, 152 (4) :495-509. IUCN. (2016). The IUCN Red list of Threatened Species Version 2016-2.www.iucnredlist.org.

ID: 64889
Title: Forest fire zone using the analytical hierarchy process and geographical information sytems: A case study of Bilaspur division, Chattisgarh
Author: Prasoon Soni, Dilip Kumar, Pusparaj Singh,Devendra Singh porte and shruti Namdeo
Editor: Richa Misra
Year: 2023
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 149 (6) Pg No. 614-621 (2023)
Subject: Forest fire zone using the analytical hierarchy process and geographical information sytems: A case study of Bilaspur division, Chattisgarh
Keywords: Forest fire, anlytical hierarchy prcess, geographic information system, climate change
Abstract: Foret fire is a serious problem that cause damages to the forest ecosystem. It is essential to provide relevant information on the characteristics of forest fire hotspots and their occurrence in order to prevent forest fire. Such information can be developed through a geographic information system (GIS) which may classify the occurrence of forest fire hotspots. The analytical hierarchy process (AHP) techniques is a widely used technique for decision-making ; generate the final landfill site, agricultural activities, groundwater potential zones, landslide susceptibility mapping, wide-powered hydrogen refueling, climatic variation, and utilization of groundwater resources. In this study, the eight main criteria of rainfall, temperature, slope, humidity, distance from the river, aspect, wind speed, and elevation were used to localize the forest fire zone in the circle of Bilaspur, Chattisgarh, India. Pair-wise comparisons of hierarchy factors have been applied to determine relative importance. All values for a specific attribute were finally verified pair-wise. The weight of each factor in each hierarchy was measured by their structural models. The AHP with the combination of GIS was found very valuable for suitable site identification. The study includes the physical parameters only and needs to incorporate the social and economic parameters. The study can be useful for incorporating the conservation of biodiversity and natural resources.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Aaltonen H., Palviainen M.,Zhou X., Koster E., Berninger F., Pumpanen J. nd Koster K.(2019) .Temperature sensitivit of soil organic matter decomposition after forest fire in Canadian permafrost region.Journal of Environemnt al Management, 241 (Novermber 2018) , 637-644.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.02.130. Ajibade F.O., Olajire O.O.Ajubde T.F., Nwogwu N.A. Lasisis K.H., Alo A.B., Owolabi T.A, Adewumi J.R.(2019).Combining multicriteria decision analysis with GIS for suitably siting landfills in Nigerian state. Environmental and Sustainability Indicators, 3-4 (May), 100010.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indic.2019.100010.
Literature cited 2: Amini S., Rohani A., Aghkhani M.H.Abbaspour-Fard M.H.and Asgharipour M.R. (2019). Assessment of land suitability and agricultural production sustainability using a combined approach (Fuzzy-AHP-GIS): A case study of Mazandaran province, Iran. Information Processing in Agriculture. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inpa.2019.10.001. Amoah N. and Stemn E. (2018). Siting a centralised processing centre for artisanal and small-scale mining-A spatial multi-criteria approach. Journal of Sustainable Mining.17 (4): 215-225.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inpa.2019.10.001.

ID: 64888
Title: Assessment of cutting size and exogenous hormone treatment on sprouting and rooting potential in the indo-pacific multipurpose legume tree-parkia timoriana (DC.)Merr.
Author: Manish Kumar Singh, Papori borpuzari and borpuzari and priyanka saikia
Editor: Richa Misra
Year: 2023
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 149 (6) Pg No. 605-613 (2023)
Subject: Assessment of cutting size and exogenous hormone treatment on sprouting and rooting potential in the indo-pacific multipurpose legume tree-parkia timoriana (DC.)Merr.
Keywords: Hormonal treatment, Parkia timoriana,rooting parameters, sprouting parameters, stem cutting
Abstract: Different hormonal treatment and their interaction with stem cutting sizes on sprouting. Rooting potential and subsequent multipurpose legume tree Parkia timoriana were investigated. The study was conducted in partially controlled environment with two Factoria treatments considering factor cutting size (long cuttings: length-20-25 cm; dia.2-2.5 cm with 4-5 nodes and mini cuttings: length-15-20 cm; dia.1-1.5 cm with 1-2 nodes) and factor B rooting hormone in different concentrations [Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) and Indol-3-Acetic acid (IAA)] in 50 ppm, 100 ppm and 200 ppm,while the untreated cuttings were used as control.30 cuttings of each size bearing desired number of buds were planted in polybag (sand,soil and FYM in 1:1:1 ratio) for each treatment .In present study, long cutting of Parkia significantly enhance the sprounting parameters i.e days to sprout, sprout length, sprout diameter, as well as rooting parameters i.e root length , rooting percentage.Also , long cuttings have higher transplanting surviva percentage as compared to mini cuttings.Long cuttings treated with IBA 200 ppm significantly improved survival percentage(87%) and rooting percentage (60-75%) followed by NAA (200 ppm) as compared to other treatmetns. In addition, the impact of different hormonal concentration on survival percentage and rooting percentage for mini cuttings were significantly very low compared to long cuttings. Thus, it is advisable to use long cuttings, along with application of IBA (200 ppm) and NAA (200 ppm) for propagating of P. timoriana through stem cutting.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: dams G.W., Kunze H.A., McCartney A., Millican S. and Park Y.S. (2016). An industrial perspective on the use of advanced reforestation stock technologies. In: Vegetative propagation of forest trees, (Ed. Y Park, J Bonga, H Moon; National Institute of forest Science: Seoul, Korea), 323. Asma S.O, Ayankanmi T.G. and Kikuno H. (2007). An optimized and improved method for the invitro propagation of kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) using coconut water. Pak. J. Botany, 40 (6): 2355-2360.
Literature cited 2: Bonga J.M. (2016). Conifer clonal propagation in tree improvement programs. Vegetative Propagation of Foret Trees; Park, Y.S, Bonga, JM, Moon, H, -K, Eds, pp.3-31. Borpuzari P.P. and Kachari J. (2019). Clonal propagation of Gmeliana arborea Roxb. An important multipurpose tree species of north eastern region. International Journal of Herbal Medicine, 7: 10-15.

ID: 64887
Title: Integrating science and technology for achieving sustainable forest management
Author: S.P. Vasudeva
Editor: Richa Misra
Year: 2023
Publisher: Indian Council of Forestry Research & Education.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: The Indian Forester Vol. 149 (6) Pg No. 597-604 (2023)
Subject: Integrating science and technology for achieving sustainable forest management
Keywords: Artificial intelligence (AI), Geographical inforamtion system (GIS);Global poitioning system (GPS); Internet of things (IOT); Remote sensing (RS); Science and technology (S&T); Sustainable Forest Managment (SFM)
Abstract: Science and technology can play a significant role in bringing forest sustainability by integrating its various applications into forest management practices. Remote sensing, GIS, GPS, tissue culture, biotechnology, emerging technologies and precision forestry are some of the innovations that can bring such a positive change. These scientific and technological innovations and interventions can and are fastening forest management systems but have to be integrated into forest policy and operational systems to achieve sustainable forest management.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Asif M.J., Ali A., Mazhar M.Z., Tanvir A., Zia B., Anmbreen I., Anjum M.Z. and Mahr. M.S. (2020). Effect of different pre-treatments on seed germination of Prosopis juliflora and Dalbergia sissoo: a step towards mutation breeding.J.For.Sci.,66:80-87. Bajaj Y.P.S. (1991). Biotechnology in agriculture and forestry 16: Trees III. Springer Verlag, Berlin, Germany.
Literature cited 2: Banu T. P, Borlea G.F. and Banu C. (2016). The use of drones in forestry. Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering, 5: 557-562 doi: 10.17265/2162-5263/2016.11.007. Bhatia A.K., Singh Samanpreet, Dutt Som, Chaudhary N. and Sharma V. (2020). Precision Forestry. Just Agriculture, 1(4): 185-190.

ID: 64886
Title: Neoarchaean stromatolites from the Dharwar Supergroup, India
Author: Chethan Kumar, Yogmaya Shukla, Mukund Sharma, S. B. Harish Kumar, N. Malarkodi and Saleem Ahmed Khan
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 125 (4) 435 -441 (2023)
Subject: Neoarchaean stromatolites from the Dharwar Supergroup, India
Keywords: Archaean, Dharwar Craton, Shimoga Schist Belt, stromatolite
Abstract: A new occurrence of Neoarchean stromatolite, older than 2600 Ma, has been found in the dolomite beds of Aleshpur Formation of the Chitradurga Group in the Shimoga Schist Belt, western Dharwar Craton. The occurrence is near Shanti Sagara lake (Sulekere) in the Davangere district of Karnataka. Stratiform, laminated, columnar with some showing branching forms indicate an advanced stage of evolution of stromatolites. The newly found stromatolite occurrence is an important addition to the inventory of Archaean stromatolites.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Hofmann, H. J., Archaean stromatolites as microbial archives. In Microbial Sediments (eds Riding, R. E. and Awramik, S. M.), Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany, 2000, pp. 315–327. Schopf, J. W., Fossil evidence of Archaean life. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London, Ser. B, 2006, 361, 869–885.
Literature cited 2: . Schopf, J. W., Kudryavtsev, A. B., Czaja, A. D. and Tripathi, A. B., Evidence of Archean life: stromatolites and microfossils. Precambrian Res., 2007, 158, 141–155. Knoll, A. H., Bergmann, K. D. and Strauss, J. V., Life: the first two billion years. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London, Ser. B, 2016, 371, 20150493.

ID: 64885
Title: High concentration of cobalt in the Ajabgarh rocks of Delhi Supergroup, Southwest Haryana, India
Author: Naresh Kumar, Swati Rana and A. Krishnakanta Singh
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 125 (4) 428 -435 (2023)
Subject: High concentration of cobalt in the Ajabgarh rocks of Delhi Supergroup, Southwest Haryana, India
Keywords: Cobalt, low carbon economy, metamorphic fluids, quartzite, sedimentary rocks.
Abstract: In this study, we report a high concentration of cobalt (Co) in the rocks of Ajabgarh Group of Delhi Supergroup from Nasibpur and the surrounding areas of Southwest Haryana, India, which forms a part of the North Delhi Fold Belt (NDFB). Metasedimentary and magmatic phases of the rocks contained high cobalt content ranging from 166 to 3657 ppm. The maximum concentration of cobalt (2371–3657 ppm) was observed in quartzite samples from the Nasibpur area. Cobalt enrichment in these rocks can be attributed to magmatic– hydrothermal and metamorphic fluids in relation to geological features such as shear and foliation zones, which provide a high fluid/rock ratio. Overall, the applications of cobalt are numerous and crucial. The present study warrants further extensive exploration efforts in order to assess the abundance of this valuable metal, as the global cobalt market is increasing in response to a low-carbon economy
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Williams, S. R. and Richardson, J. M., Geometallurgical mapping: a new approach that reduces technical risks. In Proceedings of 36th Annual Meeting of the Canadian Mineral Processors Conference, CIM, Ottawa, Canada, 2004, pp. 241–268. BHP Group Ltd, Annual Report 2019; https://www.bhp.com/ investor-centre/-/media/documents/investors/annual-reports/2019/ bhpannualreport2019.pdf
Literature cited 2: Slack, J. F. (ed.), Descriptive and geoenvironmental model for cobalt– copper–gold deposits in metasedimentary rocks. Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5070-G, US Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia, 2019. Gregory, D. D., Large, R. R. and Halpin, J. A., Trace element content of sedimentary pyrite in black shale. Econ. Geol., 2015, 110(6), 1389–1410

ID: 64884
Title: Degradation behaviour, impact of post-harvest processing and dietary risk assessment of frequently detected pesticides in curry leaves
Author: K. Bhuvaneswari, J. Kousika, P. Anuradha, V. Muralitharan and P. Karthik
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 125 (4) 422 -427 (2023)
Subject: Degradation behaviour, impact of post-harvest processing and dietary risk assessment of frequently detected pesticides in curry leaves
Keywords: Curry leaves, dietary risk, dissipation, method validation, processing factor, residue.
Abstract: Supervised field experiments were conducted to study the dissipation of ethion, chlorpyriphos, profenophos, carbendazim and cypermethrin in curry leaves. An analytical method was developed in line with the SANTE guideline on the method validation procedure for pesticide residue analysis. The validated method showed good recovery (70–120%) and repeatability (<20%). The limit of detection and limit of quantification were determined as 0.01 and 0.05 mg/kg respectively, for all analytes, except cypermethrin (0.05 and 0.1 mg/kg respectively). The mean initial deposit of pesticides analysed ranged from 9.53 to 93.92 mg/kg with a half-life of <8 days. Except for ethion, the dietary risk assessment for women, men and children was at an acceptable level.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Mohan, R. S., Curry leaf campaign. Spice India, 2012, 25(7), 10–12. Anon., Statistics of Horticulture and Plantation Crops – Tamil Nadu, Directorate of Horticulture and Plantation Crops, Agriculture Department, Government of Tamil Nadu, Chennai; file:///D:/wos%- 20b/article/curryleaf/2020%20-%2021%20FINAL%20APY.pdf (accessed on 4 November 2022).
Literature cited 2: Https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/markets/commodities/spicesboard-cautions-curry-leaves-exporters-on-pesticide-presence/article9727983.ece (accessed on 2 November 2022). Ramakrishnan, N., Sridharan, S. and Chandrasekaran, S., Insecticide us patterns on curry leaf. Int. J. Veg. Sci., 2015, 21(4), 318–322.

ID: 64883
Title: Developing protocols for the propagation and multiplication of Baccaurea courtallensis (Wight) Mull. Arg. for domestication – a wild edible fruit tree of the Western Ghats, India
Author: C. K. Rasmi and P. A. Jose
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 125 (4) 416 -421 (2023)
Subject: Developing protocols for the propagation and multiplication of Baccaurea courtallensis (Wight) Mull. Arg. for domestication – a wild edible fruit tree of the Western Ghats, India
Keywords: Baccaurea courtallensis, domestication, multiplication, propagation protocols, wild edible fruits
Abstract: Inadequate know-how on seed and nursery technology of wild edible fruits is a bottleneck for their commercialization. The seeds of Baccaurea courtallensis lose their viability within six days under ambient conditions and are found to be sensitive to desiccation and lowtemperature conditions revealing their recalcitrant nature. The longevity of the seeds could extend up to six months during storage in polycarbonate bottles maintained at 20°C and 40% relative humidity. Coarse river sand was optimized as the ideal sowing medium for seed germination. The application of 3000 ppm naphthalene acetic acid was standardized for clonal propagation for selective breeding of female genetic stock.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Mohan, S., Fatty acid composition of Baccaurea courtallensis Muell. Arg. seed oil: an endemic species of Western Ghats, India. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 2009, 86, 1017–1019. Nazarudeen, A., Nutritional composition of some lesser known fruits used by the ethnic communities and local folks of Kerala. Indian J. Tradit. Knowl., 2010, 9(2), 398–402
Literature cited 2: Yogeesha, H. S., Ganeshan, S., Shivashankara, K. S., Shetty, D. L. and Anilkumar, C., Fruit/seed morphology, seed drying and germination studies in Baccaurea courtallensis (Muell.) Arg., a threatened under-utilized fruit species of Western Ghats in India. J. Hortic. Sci., 2016, 11(1), 76–79. Blessy, S. B. and Surekha, K., Phytochemical screening of primary and secondary metabolites of leaf and root extracts of Baccaurea courtallensis (Wight) Muell.-Arg., an evergreen tree. Int. J. Sci. Res. Rev., 2019, 8(1), 884–885.

ID: 64882
Title: Genome organization and comparative evolutionary mitochondriomics of rice earhead bug Leptocorisa oratoria (Fabricius)
Author: Guru-Pirasanna-Pandi Govindharaj, M. Annamalai , Jaipal Singh Choudhary , G. Basana-Gowda , Totan Adak , Naiyar Naaz , Naveenkumar Patil , Enrico Ruzzier and Prakash Chandra Rath
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 125 (4) 407 -415(2023)
Subject: Genome organization and comparative evolutionary mitochondriomics of rice earhead bug Leptocorisa oratoria (Fabricius)
Keywords: Mitogenome, next generation sequencing, population genetics, phylogeny, rice earhead bug.
Abstract: The rice earhead bug, Leptocorisa oratoria (Fabricius, 1794) is a critical rice pest in India. No mitochondrial genome of L. oratoria has been sequenced earlier, and the mitochondrial data are crucial for phylogenetic and population genetic studies of this significant rice pest. In the present study, the genome of L. oratoria is 17,584 bp long with 73.57% AT content. We observed tandem repeat in the control region. Analyses from genetic distance, sliding window and Ka/Ks ratio revealed a purifying selection of 13 protein-coding genes, with cox1 and nad2 reporting the lowest and highest rate of evolution respectively. Phylogenetic analysis was reconstructed using 65 pentatomid mitogenomes with Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood methods. The results help differentiate the Coreoidea superfamily from Lygaeoidea, Aradoidea and Pentatomoidea. There were two topologies at the family level, i.e. one clade formed with Coreidae + Rhopalidae + Alydidae, and the rest of the families of Pentatomomorpha formed in separate clades. Further, L. oratoria produced an independent subclade from the earlier reported Leptocorisa sp. genome. This study provides a source mitogenome for L. oratoria species to study population demography, individual differences and phylogeography of hemipterans.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Rao, J. and Prakash, A., Bio-deterioration of paddy seed quality due to insects and mites and its control using botanicals. Final report of ICAR Ad-hoch Scheme, Central Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India, 1995. Aktera, U. S., Islam, K. S., Jahan, M., Rahman, M. S., Talukder, F. U. and Hasan, M. A., Extent of damage of rice bug (Leptocorisa acuta) and its control with insecticides. Acta Sci. Malays., 2020, 4(2), 82–87; doi:10.26480/asm.02.2020.82.87.
Literature cited 2: Rai, A. B., Singh, J. and Rai, L., Evaluation of gundhi bug, Leptocorisavaricornis (F.) damage in rice. In International Symposium on Rice Research, Hyderabad, 1990. Gupta, K. and Kumar, A., Field efficacy of certain insecticides against rice gundhi bug (Leptocorisa acuta (Thonberg)) under agro-climatic condition of Allahabad, India. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. Appl. Sci., 2017, 6(8), 343–345

ID: 64881
Title: Dairy tourism model for enhancing farmers’ income: a niche tourism product from the Trans-Gangetic Plains of India
Author: Mahesh Bhimashankar Tengli, B. S. Meena, Pampi Paul , A. K. Dixit and P. S. Sivakumar
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 125 (4) 401 -406 (2023)
Subject: Dairy tourism model for enhancing farmers’ income: a niche tourism product from the Trans-Gangetic Plains of India
Keywords: Conceptual framework, dairy tourism, farmers’ income, model, niche tourism product.
Abstract: This study aims to conceptualize dairy tourism as a niche tourism product. The main objective is to propose a dairy tourism (dairy tourist inclination) conceptual framework and empirically test the causal relationships of the same. The key contribution of the present study is the dairy tourism model. The findings of this study will help farmers and other stakeholders to plan and implement the concept effectively. The study also proposes dairy tourism as an additional income avenue for dairy farmers and a novel niche tourism product.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: GoI, Economic Survey 2021–22. Economic Division, Ministry of Finance, Government of India, 2022. Statista, India: Distribution of the workforce across economic sectors from 2009 to 2019, 2020; https://www.statista.com (retrieved on 9 June 2022).
Literature cited 2: Shukla, A., Gaon Connection Survey, 2019; https://www.gaonconnection.com (retrieved on 5 April 2023). National Statistical Office, Situation Assessment of Agricultural Households and Land and Livestock Holdings of Households in Rural India, 2019. National Sample Survey 77th Round, Report No. 587, Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of India, New Delhi, 2021.

ID: 64880
Title: Behaviour of interfering embedded footings laid in unreinforced and reinforced sand medium
Author: Anupkumar G. Ekbote and Lohitkumar Nainegali
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 125 (4) 392 -400 (2023)
Subject: Behaviour of interfering embedded footings laid in unreinforced and reinforced sand medium
Keywords: Embedded footings, interference, reinforced soil, settlement characteristics, ultimate bearing capacity.
Abstract: According to the literature, the current understanding of the interference effect on the performance of footings is with respect to surficial footings. In practice, however, the footings are laid below the ground surface. In this study, the interference behaviour of two identical strip and square footings embedded in a cohesionless, homogeneous soil medium was examined by performing 72 laboratory model tests. The sand bed was prepared using rainfall technique and reinforced with a single biaxial geogrid layer. Parameters such as footing shape, embedment depth and the spacing between the footings were altered. Using the observed data, multiple regression analysis established a relationship between interference variables related to load-carrying capacity/ settlement footing spacing and embedment depth for unreinforced and reinforced soil medium. The test results show that the embedment depth of ultimate bearing capacity and settlement affects interfering footings more than surficial footings. Strip footings are affected to a greater extent than square footings. The load carrying capacity of two footings increases due to the enhancement of the zone of interference by 12.2% and 39.6% for the strip and square footings respectively
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Kumar, J. and Ghosh, P., Ultimate bearing capacity of two interfering rough strip footings. Int. J. Geomech., 2007, 7, 53–62. Kumar, J. and Ghosh, P., Upper bound limit analysis for finding interference effect of two nearby strip footings on sand. Geotech. Geol. Eng., 2007, 25, 499.
Literature cited 2: Kouzer, K. M. and Kumar, J., Ultimate bearing capacity of a footing considering the interference of an existing footing on sand. Geotech. Geol. Eng., 2010, 28(4), 457–470; doi:10.1007/s10706-010-9305-9. Kumar, J. and Bhattacharya, P., Bearing capacity of two interfering strip footings from lower bound finite elements limit analysis. Int. J. Numer. Anal. Methods, 2013, 37, 441–452.

ID: 64879
Title: Phytoplasma on sesame: etiology, insect vectors, molecular characterization, transmission and integrated management
Author: T. Boopathi, M. Sujatha, M. Santha Lakshmi Prasad, P. Duraimurugan, K. Sakthivel, K. T. Ramya and A. L. Rathnakumar
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 125 (4) 383 -391 (2023)
Subject: Phytoplasma on sesame: etiology, insect vectors, molecular characterization, transmission and integrated management
Keywords: Host plant resistance, insect vectors, molecular characterization, sesame phyllody, symptom
Abstract: Sesame phyllody disease is of serious concern in many sesame-growing areas. It significantly diminishes crop production, especially in warm environments causing up to 80% yield loss. We observed various symptoms of phyllody disease, viz. flowery phyllody, virescence, flower bud proliferation, ovivipary and cracking of seed capsules. Orosius albicinctus (Distant) was identified as the vector of sesame phyllody. Sesame phyllody phytoplasma 16SrI strain sequences of India, Egypt and Thailand were associated in one group; 16SrII strains were grouped separately, comprising sequences from India, Iran, Taiwan, Turkey and Oman. 16SrIX stains of Iran (MW27256, KF774193 and MW272565) and Turkey (KC139791) sequences were clearly distinguished from the phylogenetic tree. This result clearly shows the presence of different sesame phyllody phytoplasma strains and diversity in the Indian subcontinent. Sesame phytoplasma was effectively transmitted to the healthy plants from infected plants of sesame through O. albicinctus, grafting and dodder. The most sustainable and viable alternative for managing sesame phyllody can be an integrated strategy by combining cultural, host plant resistance, biological, physical and chemical methods. Sesame phyllody has become a potential threat to sesame cultivation. Hence, it is necessary to take steps to reduce its further spread. In this article, extensive details on distribution, taxonomy, symptomatology, etiology, transmission, molecular characterization, genetic diversity, host plant resistance and management methods on phytoplasma infecting sesame are provided
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: FAO, Food and Agriculture Organization Statistical Database, 2020; http://faostat.fao.org/ (accessed on 28 October 2020). Shyu, Y. S. and Hwang, L. S., Antioxidative activity of the crude extract of lignan glycosides from unroasted Burma black sesame meal. Food Res. Int., 2002, 35, 357–365.
Literature cited 2: Akhtar, K. P., Sarwar, G., Sarwar, N. and Elahi, M. T., Field evaluation of sesame germplasm against sesame phyllody disease. Pak. J. Bot., 2013, 45, 1085–1090. Salehi, M., Esmailzadeh-Hosseini, S. A., Salehi, E. and Bertaccini, A., Genetic diversity and vector transmission of phytoplasmas associated with sesame phyllody in Iran. Folia Microbiol., 2017, 62, 99– 109.

ID: 64878
Title: Biostimulant: an innovative approach for sustainable crop production
Author: S. C. Dubey and Kuldeep Sharma
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 125 (4) 377 -382 (2023)
Subject: Biostimulant: an innovative approach for sustainable crop production
Keywords: Biostimulants, innovative approach, metabolic enhancers, regulatory aspects, sustainable crop production.
Abstract: Biostimulant is a substance or microorganism, or a combination of both, which stimulates the physiological activities of plants, leading to increased uptake and efficiency of nutrients, crop quality and tolerance to stress related to biotic and abiotic factors. Biostimulant helps optimise crop productivity and enhances the quality of the produce, which help maintain an eco-friendly environment to sustain agricultural production. Various botanical extracts, biochemicals, protein hydrolysates and amino acids, vitamins, cell-tree microbial products, antioxidants, anti-transpirants, humic and fulvic acids, and their derivatives are included under biostimulants. Recently, the fertilizer (inorganic, organic or mixed) Control Amendment Order, 2021, has been passed by the Government of India to promote biostimulants in the country. The Central Biostimulant Committee advises on various matters related to biostimulants. Participation of stakeholders, farmers, researchers, policymakers and regulators is essential to popularize biostimulants for their profitable and sustainable usage. This article focuses on various aspects of biostimulants, including regulatory aspects in India
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: de Vasconcelos, A. C. F. and Chaves, L. H. G., Biostimulants and their role in improving plant growth under abiotic stresses. In Biostimulants in Plant Science (eds Mirmajlessi, S. M. and Radhakrishnan, R.), IntechOpen Limited, London, UK, 2019. pp. 1–14; doi: 10.5772/intechopen.88829. Zhang, X., Ervin, E. H. and Schmidt, R. E., Seaweed extract humic acid and propiconazole improve tall fescue sod heat tolerance and post-transplant quality. Hortic. Sci., 2003, 38, 440–443.
Literature cited 2: Kauffman, G. L., Kneivel, D. P. and Watschke, T. L., Effects of a biostimulant on the heat tolerance associated with photosynthetic capacity, membrane thermostability and polyphenol production of perennial ryegrass. Crop Sci., 2007, 47, 261–267. du Jardin, P., Plant biostimulants: definition, concept, main categories and regulation. Sci. Hortic., 2015, 196, 3

ID: 64877
Title: Finding bliss in the fields: an exploration of happiness factors of Indian farmers
Author: Sonaka Ghosh, Anirban Mukherjee, Ujjwal Kumar, Ashutosh Upadhyaya and Bharat S. Sontakki
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2023
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 125 (4) 369 -376 (2023)
Subject: Finding bliss in the fields: an exploration of happiness factors of Indian farmers
Keywords: Farmers, happiness factor, income, indicators, policies
Abstract: In recent years, there has been a growing interest in determining the factors that contribute to the happiness and well-being of farmers. Farmers are gradually becoming engulfed in a quagmire of distress circumstances and it is time to examine how we can make their lives better. Efforts to improve the happiness and well-being of farmers in India will not only benefit them, but also their families, their communities and the entire country. The Indian Government and policy makers have a crucial role to play in improving the happiness levels of farmers by implementing policies that are geared towards addressing the challenges faced by them. By taking a multi-faceted approach and prioritizing the needs of farmers, it is possible to make significant progress towards improving their happiness and well-being.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: NCRB, Farmer suicides in India, 2020; https://ncrb.gov.in/sites/ default/files/adsi2020_Chapter-2-Suicides.pdf (accessed on 1 February 2023). United Nations World Happiness Report, 2022; https://world happiness. report/ed/2022/ (accessed on 1 February 2023)
Literature cited 2: Bhattacharya, A., Global climate change and its impact on agriculture. In Changing Climate and Resource Use Efficiency in Plants, Academic Press, Cambridge, MA, USA, 2019, pp. 1–50. Mukherjee, A., Prioritization of problems in integrated agriculture: a case of Rampur village in sub humid region of eastern India. Indian Res. J. Extens. Educ., 2016, 15(1), 53–59.