ID: 58086
Title: Model driven reconstruction of roofs from sparse LIDAR point clouds
Author: Andre Henn, Gerhard Groger, Viktor Stroh, Lutz Plumer
Editor: Derek Lichti
Year: 2013
Publisher: Elsevier, VOl 76, February 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
Keywords: Reconstruction, building, data mining, classification, LIDAR, three-dimensional
Abstract: This article presents a novel, fully automatic method for the reconstruction of three-dimensional building models with prototypical roofs (CityGML LoD2) from LIDAR data and building footprints. The proposed method derives accurate results from sparse point data sets and is suitable for large area reconstruction. Sparse LIDAR data are widely available nowadays. Robust estimation methods such as RANSAC/MSAC, are applied to derive best fitting roof models in a model-driven way. For the identification of the most probable roof model, supervised machine learning methods (Support Vector Machines) are used. In contrast to standard approaches (where the best model is selected via MDL or AIC), supervised classification is able to incorporate additional features enabling a significant improvement in model selection accuracy.
Location: TE12, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None


ID: 58085
Title: Sensitivity of the MODIS fire detection algorithm (MOD 14) in the savanna region of the Northern territory, Australia
Author: Stefan W Maier, Jeremy Russell-Smith, Andrew C Edwards, Cameron Yates
Editor: Derek Lichti
Year: 2013
Publisher: Elsevier, VOl 76, February 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
Keywords: Forest fire, thermal performance hazards monitoring detection
Abstract: Fire detection using satellites is an important source of infomration for fire management, ecological studies and emission estimates. However, little is known about the minimum sizes of fires that are being detected. This paper presents an approach using fire radiative power estimated from MODIS satellite data to determine the detection threshold for fire-prone savannas in Northern Australia. The results indicate that fires with an active flaming area 100-300 m2 can be detected in the study region. It is also shown that the algorithm is slightly more sensitive at night. As expected the detection threshold shows strong view angle dependence. While this study has been undertaken in the savannas of Northern Australia, the results should be transferable to other savanna regions worldwide and other areas where fires are not obscured by a dense tree canopy.
Location: TE12, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None


ID: 58084
Title: Automatic determination of seamlines for aerial image mosaicking based on vector roads alone
Author: Youchuan Wan, Dongliang Wang, Jianhua Xiao, Xudong Lai, Jingzhong Xu
Editor: Derek Lichti
Year: 2013
Publisher: Elsevier, VOl 76, February 2013
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
Keywords: Aerial photogrammetry, image mosaicking, seamlines extraction , vector roads
Abstract: Image mosaicking is defined as the registration of two or more images that are then combined into a single image. One of the most difficult steps in the automatic mosaicking of orthoimages is deciding where to place seamlines in overlapping regions. Based on millions of image pixels, existing seamline detection methods mainly focus on how to avoid crossing buildings that are higher than the ground, which results in parallax on the overlapping images. However, various data in vector format, such as vector roads plotted manually and precisely, have not been used to aid teh selection of seamlines. This paper presents a novel approach using vector roads alone to generate seamlines, and describes its application to the automatic generation of seamlines for image mosaicking of the city of Wuhan, China. A representative seamline is extracted as follows. First, the skeleton of the overlapping region of adjacent images is extracted after the delineation of boundaries of individual images. Second, vector roads in the overlapping region are overlaid with the extracted skeleton to build a weighted graph G (V,E). Finally, the Floyd-Warshall algorithm is applied to find the lowest cost path from I to O, which refer to two intersections of adjacent image polygons, with the lowest-cost path being the seamline. This vector-based approach is typically more efficient than raster-based approaches. Experiments demonstrate the merits of the proposed approach especially when vector road networks are available.
Location: TE12, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None


ID: 58083
Title: Biomedical waste management in Jodhpur city: A case study
Author: Anil Choudhary, Deepak Ojha and Mohan Lal Chowdhary
Editor: Dr P K Goel
Year: 2012
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 11, No (4), December 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Biomedical waste, hospitals, waste management, segregation and disposal
Abstract: Biomedical management in Jodhpur city was studied during August 2011 to January 2012. In Jodhpur city there are about 162 Govt. and private hospitals, labs and clinics. They generate an average of 600-650 kg/day of hazardous biomedical waste. The biomedical waste is dumped with municipal solid waste, which can be harmful for the environment. Biomedical waste is a serious problem to be solved as early as possible and this study will give a database of average per day biomedical waste generation with yellow bags 325-350 and this study will give a databse of average per day biomedical waste generation with yellow bags 325-350 kg/day, red bags 5-10 kg/day, blue bags 30-35 kg/day and black bags 225-250 kg/day. The total number of beds connected to common biomedical treatment facility centre is 4886. In this study we also found problems in collection and segregation of biomedical waste at hospital level and common biomedical treatment facility centre.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None


ID: 58082
Title: Effect of harsh and loud sound on Haematologic parameters of rat
Author: Meetu Sinha and D N Sadhu
Editor: Dr P K Goel
Year: 2012
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 11, No (4), December 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Noise, animal model, rat, haematologic parameters
Abstract: Sound, a necessity of our daily life, when becomes noise, disturbs our health and routine. All major international health Organizations consider sound pollution as an important health problem. In this study, an animal model has been used to study the effects of noise (harsh and loud sound) exposure on is haematological composition. Twelve rats of about 200 g by weight (6 male + 6 female) were randomized into two groups of test and control. Animals in the test group were exposed to a 90 dB of noise for 90 days, while animals in the control group were kept in normal condition. By the end of the study, blood sample was taken from each animal in both the groups and a complete blood count was performed. In animals of the test group as compared to those in the control, there was significant increase in the number of red blood cells, white blood cells and haemoglobin content. It can be concluded that noise exposure affects blood haematological parameters.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None


ID: 58081
Title: Remote sensing cum BIS based assessment of morphometric characteristics of Chittar basin in district Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, South India
Author: G Bindu, R Neelakantan and Rajesh Reghunath
Editor: Dr P K Goel
Year: 2012
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 11, No (4), December 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Chittar basin, morphometric characteristics, Remote Sensing, GIS
Abstract: The use of the drainage morphometric characteristics for the investigations relation to hydrology has been amply discussed in various studies. The realization of its importance has made the analysis of drainage morphometric characteristics studies related to hydrological studies. The morphometric analysis of Chittar River Basin (CRB), a fifth order sub basin of Vamanapuram River on the south west coast, has been studied using Arc Info GIS software. The drainage patterns of the basin are delineated using IRS IC LISS III data and SOI toposheets on 1:25,000 scale as reference The drainage pattern of the study area is dendritic with stream orders ranging from I to V. The different drainage parameters studied include drainage pattern, stream order stream number, stream length ratio, relief ratio, bifurcation ratio, constant of channel maintenance, frequency of source head, frequency of confluence points, slope and DEM. The drainage desnity of the Chittar basin varies from 1 km/km2 to > 4km/km2 . STream length ratios for different stream orders vary between 0.30 and 0.64, which are low to moderate and suggest the moderately resistant hard rock terrain. The bifurcation ratio of streams of different order of the basin varies from 3.21 to 5.00. The average bifurcation ratio for the Chittar basin is 3.94, which is near to 4, suggesting some structural control over the development of drainage basin. The relative relief of teh basin varies from place to place and most of the basin comes under the category of 30-60 m. At some places relative relief is very high and it suggests rugged topography. It is concluded that Remote Sensing and GIS have been proved to be efficient tools in drainage delineation and updation.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None


ID: 58080
Title: Monthly variation in the density of Drawida willsi (Michaelsen) in relation to some climatic and edaphic factors
Author: Rohit Srivastava, D K Gupta and M P Sinha
Editor: Dr P K Goel
Year: 2012
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 11, No (4), December 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Drawida willsi, density, climatic and edaphic factors
Abstract: Fluctuation of population density of the earthworm Drawida willsi (Michaelsen) in relation to some climatic and edaphic factors was asessed from a tropical cropland agroecosystem site at Ranchi for a period of eighteen months. The total density ranged between 75 + 25.49 (April 2010) to 2115 + 189.87 m-2 (August 2020). Of the various factors studied rainfall, relative humidity, soil moisture, organic carbon and nitrogen content of the soil showed a significant positive correlation with the total earthworm density. Moisture content of the soil was considered to be the most important single factor responsible for the population fluctuation of the earthworm.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None


ID: 58079
Title: Groundwater quality assessment of Bhaskar Rao Kunta watershed, Nalgonda district, Andhra Pradesh, India
Author: K Srinivasa Reddy, M Sudheer Kumar and Ajay Babu Gangidi
Editor: Dr P K Goel
Year: 2012
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 11, No (4), December 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Bhaskar Rao Kunta watershed, hydrogeochemistry, piper diagram, Gibbs diagram, Wilcox diagram
Abstract: Semi-arid region of Bhaskar Rao Kunta watershed was studied to evaluate hydrogeochemical characteristics of the fractured, semi-confined and water-stressed aquifers. Twenty groundwater samples were collected from deeper bore wells during pre and post monsoon seasons in June and December 2009. The samples were analysed for concentration of physico-chemical parameters (pH, EC, TDS, TH, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, HCO3-, SO42-, Cl-, NO3- and F- ). The results were interpreted with Piper, Gibbs and Wilcox diagrams. For intterelationships, the parameters were measured with correlation matrix and t-test methods. Bureau of Indian Standards specifications were used and verified for suitability of groundwater quality. The type of the groundwater quality was understood from the interpreted diagrams of Piper (85% magnesium bicarbonate and 15% mixed type of samples), GIbbs (100% evaporation type samples) and Wilcox (85% high salinity and 15% moderate salinity type of samples). The highest correlation was found between EC and TDS with a correlation coefficient of 0.98 and the t-test behabiour was not significance, therefore, the geogenic and rock water interaction was negligible with respect to seasonal variation. Due to high concentration of fluorides (<1.5 mg/L) and salinity (750<2250 ?S/cm), the groundwater quality was not suitable for drinking, and special drainage system and crop practices are requisite for irrigation purpose in the study area.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None


ID: 58078
Title: Studies on groundwaters of Mysore city with special reference to fluoride concentration
Author: C Nagalambika, S Mahadeva Murthy, T S Harsha, N Lakshmidevi
Editor: Dr P K Goel
Year: 2012
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 11, No (4), December 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Groundwater, fluoride, fluorosis, Mysore city
Abstract: A two-year study of the seasonal variations in fluoride concentration was carried out from November 2006 to October 2008 in the groundwaters of Mysore city with five zones. The fluoride concentration in the water samples of east and west zones showed significant seasonal changes during both the years. However in north, south and central zones, fluoride concentration did not establish any variations in both the years. The highest fluoride value of 0.46 mg/L was recorded in the west zone and the lowest of 0.22 mg/L in the east zone. The probable causes of such variations in fluoride concentration in these groundwater samples have been discussed.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None


ID: 58077
Title: Assessment of physico-chemical characteristics of Groundwater in Chennai
Author: K Dhanasekar and P Partheeban
Editor: Dr P K Goel
Year: 2012
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 11, No (4), December 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Agriculture, groundwater, water quality, Chennai, Karayanchavadi
Abstract: The present work is aimed to analyse physico-chemical characteristics of groundwater in a part area of Chennai, where agriculture is the main livelihood of rural and urban people and the groundwater is the main source for irrigation and drinking. It is noted that in Tamil Nadu, there is evidently much dependence on groundwater due to scarce surface water. Overexploitation of groundwater might lead to complex environmental situation. Hence, a thorough investigation of quality parameters is necessary to ensure the potability of water. The area taken for study purpose is Karayanchavadi which is a part of Chennai in the vicinity of Bay of Bengal. Groundwater samples were collected from 30 wells in the study areas and analysed for pH, EC, TDS, TA, TH, Ca2+,Mg2+,Na+,K+,C-,SO4-2,NO3- and F-. A comparison of the groundwater quality in relation to drinking water quality was made. It was found that pH of all the samples was neutral to slightly alkaline. Fluorides, iron and calcium of 90% samples were within the permissible limits. Total dissolved solids, total hardness, sulphate, and magnesium of all the samples were within the premissible limits.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None


ID: 58076
Title: Studies on the seasonal variation of incidence of typhoid and parathyphoid fevers in Akola city
Author: Varsh H Dethe and Y A Ali
Editor: Dr P K Goel
Year: 2012
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 11, No (4), December 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Widal, Typhoid, seasons
Abstract: Effect of seasons on typhoid infection was studied by using Widal as diagnostic tool for detection, with the cut of titre 1:160. Three years study of typhoid and paratyphoid infections in Akola was studied in 11 hospitals, one government and 10 private hospitals. Seasonal variation of Widal positive patients above titre 1:160 adn 1:320 shows that in private hospitals maximum cases were in monsoon, as in private hospitals from summer to monsoon maximum cases were noted, where cases from slum areas were maximum. Month-wise study of total patients from Akola city shows that maximum patients were noted in the end of summer and in rainy season i.e. in May, June and July.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None


ID: 58075
Title: Advanced oxidation processes for wastewater and effluent treatment - An insightful and far-reaching overview
Author: Sukanchan Palit
Editor: Dr P K Goel
Year: 2012
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 11, No (4), December 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Advanced oxidation process, effluent treatment, textile wastewater, dye removal
Abstract: The vision of water treatment technologies is moving towards a new generation of science and technology. Wastewater and effluent treatment has undergone innovative and drastic changes over the years. Traditional wastewater treatment has yielded to modern and ground-breaking procedures which are more ever reaching and effective. The world of difficulties and hurdles has opened up new avenues to highly feasible effluent treatment procedures. So the vigorous and urgent improtance of advanced oxidation procedures. This review will delineate and describe the increasing importance of various advanced oxidation processes including ozonationof textile wastewater. It will open up wide avenues for increasing visionary importance. Advanced oxidation processes (AOP ' s), which involve and includes the in-situ generation of highly potent chemical oxidants such as the hydroxyl radical, have emerged as an important avenue of technologies to accelerate the non-selective oxidation and thus the destruction of a wide range of non-degradable organic contaminants in wastewater which cannot be eliminated biologically. This review will delineate the difficulties and hurdles of advanced oxidation processes of wastewater particularly textile industry wastewater. Actually, recently, an increasing application of various AOP ' s for textile wastewater has been observed in contrast to traditional treatment methods. So our urge and conscience to investigate this domain of knowledge. A holistic and summarized view of the advanced oxidation processes is deliberated and delivered with scientific rigour.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None


ID: 58074
Title: Significance of physical parameters of coagulation-flocculation in water treatment with Moringa oleifera
Author: Milind R Gidde and Anand R Bhalerao
Editor: Dr P K Goel
Year: 2012
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 11, No (4), December 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Moringa oleifera extract, coagulation-flocculation, turbidity removal, optimum dose, velocity gradient
Abstract: Rapid and slow mixing of coagulant with the water to be treated are the steps in the process of coagulation-flocculation. There are several factors, both physical and chemical, which influence the process of coagulation-flocculation. Design criteria suggest that the principal parameters of rapid mix and slow mix for the purpose of design and functional evaluation are velocity gradient and time of mixing. The shape of the mixing unit and the baffles into it also affect the processof coagulation-flocculation. Also the turbidity and nature of turbidity have influence on effective turbidity removal. The experiments were performed to study the significance of type of turbidity, shape of mixing unit and the baffles intoit, velocity gradient and time of mixing on turbidity removal. The herbal coagulant Moringa oleifera and its various forms were used in the study. The experiments were performed using two types of clay turbidities with 50 NTU and 450 NTU turbidity value. The circular baffled jar was found to be most efficient for turbidity removal. The rapid mix velocity gradient of 720 s-1 and slow mix velocity gradient of 90 s-1 gave the maximu turbidity removal efficiency.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None


ID: 58073
Title: Effect of hydraulic loading rates in the performance of rotating biological contactors for testing grey water
Author: S Syed Enayathali and V Nehru Kumar
Editor: Dr P K Goel
Year: 2012
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 11, No (4), December 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Rotating biological contactor (RBC), grey water, COD removal
Abstract: The laboratory model of two-stage Rotating Biological Contactor (RBC) which was used in the present study is a modified one, with a provision to vary the speed of rotating blades. Grey wastewater was used to study the performance of the modified rotating biological contactor. The reactor had four rotating blades in each stage, having the size of 300 mm x 100 mm x 10 mm, attached perpendicular to the shaft. The experiment was conducted for different influent COD loads and different speeds of rotating blades. Among the different speeds of rotation blades in treating grey water, the rotational speed of 3 rpm was found to yield better percent removal of COD at 95.85% as maximum, whereas against the rotational speeds of 4.5 and 6 rpm, the treatment efficiency is 92.15% and 90.90% respectively.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None


ID: 58072
Title: A laboratory study on the physico-chemical characteristics of various surface water bodies in Coimbatore city, Tamil Nadu
Author: P Meena Sundari, K Senthamil Selvan and T Meenambal
Editor: Dr P K Goel
Year: 2012
Publisher: Technoscience Publications, Vol 11, No (4), December 2012
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: None
Subject: Nature Environment and Pollution Technology
Keywords: Water quality, lakes, surface water bodies, Coimbatore city
Abstract: The main objective of the study is focussed on water quality assessment of various surface water bodies in the Coimbatore city during winter (January 2011) and summer (April 2011). About 75% of the population in the area selected depends on the lake water for domestic pruposes, agriculture and industrial purposes. Water samples were collected from four lakes in and around Coimbatore having the same sources. The physical and chemical prameters like pH, turbidity, total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, hardness, concentration of calcium, magnesium, iron, free ammonia, nitrate, nitrite, chloride, fluoride, sulphate and phosphate were analysed and compared with standard techniques. The daa were analysed by comparing the values with BIS standards. The studies revealed that water in all the four surface water bodies are to be pre-treated suitably and could be employed for drinking, agriculture and industrial purposes.
Location: TE15, New Biological Sciences, IISc
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None