ID: 59062
Title: Improving MODIS sea ice detectability using gray level co-occurence matrix texture analysis method: A case study in the Bohai Sea.
Author: Hua Su, Yunpeng Wang, Jie Xiao, Lili Li.
Editor: Derek Lichti.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Elsevier
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Vol 84, pp. 13-20, 2013
Subject: ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
Keywords: Sea ice detection, Texture analysis, GLCM, MODIS 250 m imagery, Bohai Sea.
Abstract: An effective methodology for Bohai Sea ice detection based on gray level co-occurence matrix (GLCM) texture analysis is proposed using MODIS 250 m imagery. The method determines texture measures for sea ice extraction by analyzing the discrepancy of textural features between sea ice and sea water. Sea ice extent and outer edge are recognized accurately by texture segmentation owing to significant differences in texture statistical features between ice and water. The texture analysis method can properly eliminate perturbations on sea ice extraction due to suspended sediment. It effectively solves the problem of spectral confusion and sea ice misassignment in the conventional gray-threshold segmentation and ratio-threshold segmentation methods. The method eliminates the need for threshold range setting for sea ice segmentation. Taking the Bohai Sea as an example, the results of the proposed method are validated using co-temporal HJ 1 B-CCD 30 m imagery by visual interpretation, and the accuracy of the method are evaluated using confusion matrix. The results show that the proposed method is superior and more reliable for sea ice detection compared to conventional methods, providing an ideal tool for precise sea ice extraction.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59061
Title: A Spectral Gradient Difference Based approach for land cover change detection.
Author: Jun Chen, Miao Lu, Xuehong Chen, Jin Chen, Lijun Chen.
Editor: Derek Lichti.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Elsevier
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Vol 84, pp. 1-12, 2013
Subject: ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
Keywords: Land cover, Change detection, Spectral gradient difference, Spectral shape, SGD chain model.
Abstract: Change detection with remotely sensed imagery plays an important role in land cover mapping, process analysis and dynamic information services. Euclidean distance, correlation and other mathematic metrics between spectral curves have been used to calculate change magnitude in most change detection methods. However, many pseudo changes would also be detected because of inter-class spectral variance, which remains a significant challenge for operational remote sensing applications. In general, different land cover types have their own spectral curves has not yet been fully considered. This paper proposes to use spectral gradient difference (SGD) to quantitatively describe the spectral shapes and the differences in shape between two spectra. Change magnitude calculated in the new spectral gradient space is used to detect the change/no-change areas. Then, a chain model is employed to represent the SGD pattern matching with the knowledgebase of reference SGD patterns. The effectiveness of this SGD-based change detection approach was verified by a simulation experiment and a case study of Landsat data. The results indicated that the SGD-based approach was superior to the traditional methods.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59060
Title: A data mining approach for evaluation of optimal time-series of MODIS data for land cover mapping at a regional level.
Author: Fuqun Zhou, Aining Zhang, Lawerence Townley-Smith.
Editor: Mahadevan Iyer.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Elsevier
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Vol 84, pp. 114-129, 2013
Subject: ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
Keywords: Land cover, Time-series imagery, Data mining, Information extraction, Optimal variable combination, MODIS data.
Abstract: Optical Earth Observation data with moderate spatial resolutions, typicall MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer), are of particular value to environmental applications due to their high temporal and spectral resolutions. Time-series of MODIS data capture dynamics phenomena of vegetation and its environment, and are considered as one of the most effective data sources for land cover mapping at a regional and national level. However, the time-series, multiple bands and their derivations such as NDVI constitute a large volume of data that poses a significant challenge for automated mapping of land cover while optimally utilizing the information it contains. In this study, time-series of 10-day cloud free MODIS composites and its derivatives - NDVI and vegetation phenology information, are fully assessed to determine the optimal data sets for deriving land cover. Three groups of variable combinations of MODIS spectral information and its derived metrics are thoroughly explored to identify the optimal combinations for land cover identification using a data mining tool.
The results, based on the assessment using time-series of MODIS data, show that in general using a longer time period of the time-series data and more spectral bands could lead to more accurate land cover identification than that of a shorter period of the time-series and fewer bands. However, we reveal that with some optimal variable combinations of few bands and a shorter period of time-series data, the highest possible accuracy of land cover classification can be achieved.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59059
Title: Geometric structure simplification of 3D building models.
Author: Qingquan Li, Xuan Sun, Bisheng Yang, Shaobo Jiang.
Editor: Mahadevan Iyer.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Elsevier
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Vol 84, pp. 100-113, 2013
Subject: ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
Keywords: 3D building model, Levels of detail, Simplification, Structure recognition.
Abstract: The complexity of building models directly affects the application efficiencies of 3D urban maps. To address the challenges of building models with various structures, we propose a structural simplification method in this paper. The geometric structures of building models are classified into three categories: embedded structures, compositional structures, and connecting structures, which can be extracted seperately through convex/concave analysis. Some specific rules are proposed for the simplification of geometric structures, and the building models are suggested to be simplified progressively. The robustness and efficiency of the method are demonstrated by experiments and the applications of the Levels of detail of the building models are illustrated.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59058
Title: A comprehensive review of earthquake-induced building damge detection with remote sensing techniques.
Author: Laigen Dong, Jie Shan.
Editor: Mahadevan Iyer.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Elsevier
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Vol 84, pp. 85-99, 2013
Subject: ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
Keywords: Earthquakes, Building damage detection, Remote sensing.
Abstract: Earthquakes are among the most catastrophic natural disasters to affect mankind. One of the critical problems after an earthquake is building damage assessment. The area, amount, rate, and type of the damage are essential information for rescue, humanitarian and reconstruction operations in the disaster area. Remote sensing techniques play an important role in obtaining building damage information because of their non-contact, low cost, wide field of view, and fast response capacities. Now that more and diverse types of remote sensing data become available, various methods are designed and reported for building damage assessment. This paper provides a comprehensive review of these methods in two categories: multi-temporal techniques that evaluate the change between the pre- and post-event data and mono-temporal techniques that interpret only the post-event data. Both categories of methods are discussed and evaluated in detail in terms of the type of remote sensing data utilized, including optical, LiDAR and SAR data. Performances of the methods and future efforts are drawn from this extensive evaluation.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59057
Title: 3D Range Scan Enhancement using Image-based methods.
Author: Steffen Herbort, Britta Gerken, Daniel Schugk, Christian Wohler.
Editor: Mahadevan Iyer.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Elsevier
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Vol 84, pp. 69-84, 2013
Subject: ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
Keywords: Photometry, Surface reconstruction, Laser scanning , Data fusion. BRDF, Interreflections.
Abstract: This paper addresses the problem of 3D surface scan refinement, which is desirable due to noise, outliers, and missing measurements bieng present in the 3D surfaces obtained with a laser scanner. We present a novel algorithm for the fusion of absolute laser scanner depth profiles and photometrically estimated surface normal data, which yields a noise-reduced and highly detailed depth profile with large scale shape robustness. In contrast to other approaches published in the literature, the presented algorithm (1) regards non-Lambertian surfaces, (2) simultaneously computes surface reflectance (i.e BRDF) parameters required for 3D reconstruction, (3) models pixelwise incident light and viewing directions, and (4) accounts for interreflections. The algorithm as such relies on the minimization of a three-component error term, which penalizes intensity deviations, integrability deviations, and deviations from the known large-scale surface shape. The solution of the error minimization is obtained iteratively refining the optical resolution, which provides the required robust data basis. The 3D reconstruction of concave surface regions affected by interreflections is improved by compensating global illumination in the image data. The algorithm is evaluated based on eight objects with varying albedos and reflectance behaviours (diffuse, specular, metallic). The qualitative evaluation shows a removal of outliers and a strong reduction of noise, while the large scale shape is preserved. Fine surface details Which are previously not contained in the surface scans, are incorporated through using image data. The algorithm is evaluated with respect to its absolute accuracy using two caliper objects of known shape, and based on synthetically generated data. The beneficial effect of interreflection compensation on the reconstruction accuracy is evaluated quantitatively in a Photometric Stereo famework.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59056
Title: Tracking of facial deformations in multi-image sequences with elimination of rigid motion of the head.
Author: Olli Jokinen.
Editor: Mahadevan Iyer.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Elsevier
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Vol 84, pp. 52-68, 2013
Subject: ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
Keywords: Multi-image sequence, Point tracking, Combined spatio-temporal matching, Rigid motion, Deformation, Human face.
Abstract: The paper deals with measurement of human facial deformation from synchronized image sequences taken with multiple calibrated cameras from different viewpoints. SIFT (Scale Invariant Feature Transform) keypoints are utilized as image feature points in the first place to determine spatial and temporal correspondences between images. If no temporal match is found for an image point by keypoint matching then the tracking of the point is switched to least squares matching provided the point has one or more spatial corresponding points in the other views of the previous frame. For this purpose, a new method based on affine multi-image least squares matching is proposed where multiple spatial and temporal template images are simultaneously matched against each search image and part of the spatial template images also change during adjustment. A new method based on analyzing temporal changes in the image coordinates of the tracked points in multiple views is then presented for detecting the 3D points which move only rigidly between consecutive frames. These points are used to eliminate the effect of rigid motion of the head and to obtain the changes in the 3-D points and in the corresponding image points due to pure deformation of the face. The methods are throughly tested with three multi image sequences of four cameras including also quite large changes of facial deformations. The test results prove that the proposed affine multi-image least squares matching yields better results than another method using only fixed templates of the previous frame. The elimination of the effect of rigid motion works well and the points where the face is deforming can be correctly detected and the true deformation estimated. A method based on a novel adaptive threshold is also proposed for automated extraction and tracking of circular targets on a moving calibration object.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59055
Title: Methods for FMCW radar map georeferencing.
Author: Marion Jaud, Raphael Rouveure, Patrice Faure, Marie-Odile Monod.
Editor: Mahadevan Iyer.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Elsevier
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Vol 84, pp. 33-42, 2013
Subject: ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
Keywords: Radar mapping, Georeferencing, Geolocation.
Abstract: In a context of mobile environment mapping, a vehicle-based radar system, K2Pi, has been developed. A mapping of the environment is carried out from the radar datasets. Given the specificities of radar maps, the main problem at this stage is to find a method to georeference these maps. This article proposes three radar map georeferencing methods. The first method is a typical manual selection of a set of control point pairs. The second method consists of matching the relative trajectory computed by a specific radar algorithm with a trajectory recorded from absolute DGPS recording. Finally, the third method, inspired by the image-to-image approach, is based on Fourier-Mellin transform which automatically registers the radar map with respect to a georeferenced aerial photograph. Successfully tested on radar datasets, this method could be applied to many other types of data.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59054
Title: Urban accessibility diagnosis from mobile laser scanning data.
Author: Andres Serna, Beatriz Marcotegui.
Editor: Mahadevan Iyer.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Elsevier
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Vol 84, pp. 23-32, 2013
Subject: ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
Keywords: Accessibility, Soft-mobility, Mathematical morphology, Curbs, Urban Modelling, Mobile Laser scanning.
Abstract: In this paper we present an approach for automatic analysis of urban accessibility diagnosis and itinerary planning. Our method automatically segments facades and urban objects are bumps on the ground on the range image. The segmentation result is used to build an urban obstacle map. After that, the gradient is computed on the ground range image. Curb candidates are selected using height and geodesic features. Then nearby curbs are reconnected using Bezier curves. Finally, accessibility is defined based on geometrical features and accessibility standards. Our methodology is tested on two MLS databases from Paris (France) and Enschede (The Netherlands). Our experiments show that our method has good detection rates, is fast and presents few false alarms. Our method outperforms other works reported in the literature on the same databases.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59053
Title: Uncertainty analysis of remote sensing of colored dissolved organic matter: Evaluations and comparisons for three rivers in North America.
Author: Weining Zhu, Qian Yu, Yong Q Tian,
Editor: Mahadevan Iyer.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Elsevier
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Vol 84, pp. 12-22, 2013
Subject: ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
Keywords: Uncertainity analysis, Remote Sensing inversion, CDOM, River Systems, EO-1 Hyperion, QAA-CDOM
Abstract: The uncertainities involved in remote sensing inversion of CDROM (Colored Dissolved Organic Matter) were analyzed in estuarine and coastal regions of three North American rivers: Mississipi, Hudson and Neponset. Water optical and biogeochemical properties, including CDOM adsorption and above-suface spectra, were collected in very high resolution. CDOM ' s concentrations (ag(440)), adsorption coefficient at 440 nm) were inverted from EO-1 Hypersion images, using a quasi-analytical algorithm for CDOM (QAA-CDOM). Uncertainties are classified to five levels, in which the underwater measurement uncertainity (level 1), image preprocessing uncertainity (level 4) and inverse model uncertainty (level 5) were evaluated. Results indicate that at level 1, in situ CDOM measurement is significant with 0.1 in the unit of QSU and 0.01 in the unit of ag(440) (m-1). At level 4, surface wave is a potential uncertainty source for high-resolution images in estuarine and coastal regions. The remote sensing reflectance of wavy water is about 10 times of the truth. At level 5, the overall uncertainity of QAA-CDOM inversion is 0.006 m-1, with accuracy R2=0.77, k=1.1 and RMSElog=0.33 m-1. The correlation between uncertainties show that the large uncertainty in some rivers, such as the Neponset and Atchafalaya, might be caused by high concentration chlorophyll or sediments. The relationships among the three level uncertainties show that the level 1 uncertainty generally does not propogate into level 4 and 5, but the large uncertainty at level 4 usuallly introduce large uncertainty at level 5.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59052
Title: A new Likelihood Ratio for supervised classification of fully polarimetric SAR data: An application for sea ice type mapping.
Author: Mohammed Dabboor, Mohammed Shokr.
Editor: Mahadevan Iyer.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Elsevier
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Vol 84, pp. 1-11, 2013
Subject: ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
Keywords: Polarimetric SAR, Likelihood Ratio, Bayes risk function, Supervised classification, Complex Wishart distribution.
Abstract: One of the potential applications of polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data is the classification of land cover, such as forest canopies, vegetation, sea ice types, and urban areas. In contrast to single or dual polarised SAR systems, full polarimetric SAR systems provide more information about the physical and geometrical properties of the imaged area. This paper proposes a new Bayes risk function which can be minimized to obtain a Likelihood Ratio (LR) for the supervised classification of polarimetric SAR data. The derived Bayes risk function is based on the complex Wishart distribution. Furthermore, a new spatial criterion is incorporated with the LR classification process to produce more homogeneous classes. The application for Arctic sea ice mapping shows that the LR and the proposed spatial criterion are able to provide promising classification results. Comparison with classification resutls based on the Wishart classifier, the Wishart Likelihood Ratio Test Statistic (WLRTS) proposed by Conradsen et al. (2003) and the Expectation Maximization with Probabilistic Label Relaxation (EMPLR) algorithm are presented. High overall classification accuracy of selected study areas which reaches 97.8% using the LR is obtained. Combining the derived spatial criterion with the LR can improve the overall classification accuracy to reach 99.9%. In this study, fully polarimetric C-band RADARSAT-2 data collected over Franklin Bay, Canadian Arctic, is used.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59051
Title: Solar Water Heaters: Flat Plate Collector Type.
Author: Virender Kumar Gupta.
Editor: Mahadevan Iyer.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Mahadevan Iyer, A Chary Publication.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Electrical India Vol 53 (no.11) pp. 198-200, 2013
Subject: Electrical India.
Keywords: Solar Water heaters, Flat Plate Collector Type
Abstract: Advantages and Value for money proposition - for Hot Water Solutions for domestic purposes.
We need and use hot water in our houses primarily for bathing purposes not only for ease in bathing (without shivering) but also for better cleanliness and percieved medicinal values.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59050
Title: New Aspects of Manual Protection Testing.
Author: Thomas Schossig.
Editor: Mahadevan Iyer.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Mahadevan Iyer, A Chary Publication.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Electrical India Vol 53 (no.11) pp. 192-195, 2013
Subject: Electrical India.
Keywords: Manual Protection Testing. Protection Systems.
Abstract: Test sets are used in substation commissioning and routine testing of protection devices. Modern techniques support the user by creating test templates and the documentation of numerous tests for e.g. multi-functional protection devices. As such there are various and diverse applications for a manual testing. The authors describe an innovative approach and application in this regard with an established testing technique.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59049
Title: Power Quality Concerns for Developing Economy.
Author: Manas Kundu.
Editor: Mahadevan Iyer.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Mahadevan Iyer, A Chary Publication.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Electrical India Vol 53 (no.11) pp. 182-186, 2013
Subject: Electrical India.
Keywords: Power Quality, Reliability, Economy.
Abstract: Power Quality and Reliability is the key to successful delivery of quality product and uninterrupted operation of an industry, be it conventional or service sector. It is now even more critical to the industry because of the increasing application of electronic loads and digital controllers which are sensitive to the quality of power supplied. These can have serious economic consequences and cost business millions of rupees each year in revenue loss, process improvements, opportunity loss, equipment failure, electrical hazards like fire and scrapped product. There is a dire need for all concerned to deliberate on the vital issue of power quality and the latest technologies for mitigation and improvement of power system efficiency and reliability.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59048
Title: Fuel Resource Crunch and its Impact on India ' s Power Sector and overall Economy.
Author: Frost & Sullivan.
Editor: Mahadevan Iyer.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Mahadevan Iyer, A Chary Publication.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Electrical India Vol 53 (no.11) pp. 178-180, 2013
Subject: Electrical India.
Keywords: Fuel Resource, Power Sector, Economy.
Abstract: In last decade, the Indian economy has shown incredible growth due to several factors. Sustained growth has been maintained driven by consumption growth, urbanisation, population increase, increasing manufacturing activity. The global economic turmoil and economic growth saturation in North America, Europe, etc, has led to India gaining strategic importance globally owing to its impressive economic growth pattern and market attractiveness.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None