ID: 59122
Title: Rapid Diagnosis of Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis by Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction (NPCR) Based on IS6110 Insertion Sequence of MycoBacterium Tuberculosis.
Author: Ritu Kansal, Charu Agrawal, Molly Madan, Ashish K Asthana.
Editor: P K Wong, R K Trivedi.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences Vol 15(no. 3), pp. 517-520, 2013
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Extrapulmonary tuberculosis, IS6110, Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, Nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR).
Abstract: Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) is a significant health problem in both developing and developed countries. India is the highest tuberculosis burden country accounting for one fifth of the global incidence ranges between 8.3% and 13.1% in different districts. The aim of this study is to evaluate PCR as a rapid and sensitive tool for diagnosis of clinically suspected cases of Extra pulmonary tuberculosis. Two hundred samples of clinically suspected cases of EPTB were collected and processed for Mycobacteria by Ziehl-Neelsen staining and also for PCR amplification with primers targetting 123 bp fragment of insertion element IS6110 of M. tuberculosis complex. 65 samples were positive for M.tuberculosis complex by nPCR. Out of these 65 PCR positive samples, only 22 (68.75%) were ZN smear positive. We conclude that PCR assay targetting 123 bp fragment of IS6110 is a highly sensitive and specific test for rapid diagnosis of EPTBs.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59121
Title: In Silico Analysis of Epsilon Toxin Gene of Clostridium Perfringens Type D Strain IVRI49.
Author: M Ananda Chitra.
Editor: P K Wong, R K Trivedi.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences Vol 15(no. 3), pp. 515-516, 2013
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Enterotoxaemia, Clostridium perfringens type D, ETX gene, Sequence analysis.
Abstract: Enterotoxemia is the most important and wide spread disease of sheep and goats in India. The disease is usually per acute and acute and death occurs within hours after showing clinical symptoms of watery diarrhoea, abdominal pain, convulsion and recumbency. Enterotoxaemia is caused by Clostridium perfringens type D and under certain conditions the organisms multiplies rapidly and produces high concentration of epsilon toxin leading to toxaemia and death. Epsilon toxin is potent pathogenic Clostridium toxin. Epsilon toxin gene was amplified, sequenced and in silico analysis was attempted in this study. Primer specific for etx gene amplified a product size of 933 bp. C. prefringens type D strain IVRI49 etx gene sequences of this nucleotide sequence revealed that it has high hydrophilicity and consists of mainly beta pleated sheets secondary structures. This protein is predictably more immunogenic with less surface probability. This study will help in designing subunit vaccine and recombinant vaccine and also for diagnostic kit developments.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59120
Title: Preliminary Observation on the Vermicompositing of Vegetable Wastes Amended with Cattle Manure.
Author: Sharmila Rani, Rohit Srivastava, Deepak Kumar Gupta.
Editor: P K Wong, R K Trivedi.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences Vol 15(no. 3), pp. 511-514, 2013
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Vermicomposting, Vegetable wastes, Earthworm, Eisenia Feotida.
Abstract: Vermicomposting of vegtable wastes amended with cattle manure using earthworm species Eisenia Foetida was studied for a period of 45 days. The vegtable waste mixture had 45.15 ? 1.9 % organic carbon, 1.5 ? 0.21% total nitrogen and 30.1 ? 2.1 C:N ratio initially. Organic carbon and C/N ratio decreased in both the control and experimental pots whereas nitrogen content increased during the study period. Significant variation in total organic carbon, nitrogen content and C/N ratio (P<0.05) was observed on 15th, 30th and 45th day of composting.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59119
Title: Diatoms as Indicators of Trophic Status in Himayatsagar Lake, Hyderabad, India.
Author: K Navatha, P Manikya Reddy.
Editor: P K Wong, R K Trivedi.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences Vol 15(no. 3), pp. 507-510, 2013
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Diatom, Trophic status, Lake.
Abstract: Fresh water algae are among the most diverse and ubiquitous organisms on earth. They occupy an enormous range of ecological conditions from lakes and rivers, wetlands etc. Algae in fresh waters have numerous environmental functions and based upon the recycling of nutrients. The paper presents data on the diatom diversity of fresh water lake, Himayat sagar lake of Hyderabad which serve as drinking water. The study reveals physico - chemical parameters and their relation to the growth and distribution of diatom population have been evaluated by standard procedures. Bacillariophyceae members were dominated by, Cymbella, Gyrosigma, Navicula, Pinnularia, Amphora, Gomphonema and Rhopalodia. The main objectives of this study is to find out the nature and quality of water and the role of diatoms.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59118
Title: Characterization of Bacillus and Micrococcus SP Isolated from Coal Mine Soil.
Author: V Rekha, Dhanalakshmi, K Sudha.
Editor: P K Wong, R K Trivedi.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences Vol 15(no. 3), pp. 503-506, 2013
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Mine soil, Bacteria, 16S rRNA Sequence.
Abstract: The coal mining activity is characterized by the generation of large amount of by-products. Due to the anthropogenic activity the environment becomes acidic in nature and loaded with heavy metals. So an attempt was made to isolate the microorganisms that are able to survive under this condition which may be of great interest as bioremediation agents. The aim of this work was to isolate and identify bacteria from soil samples collected from coal mining area in Neyveli Lignite Corporation, India. Morphological features and biochemical characteristics of isolates were studied. Molecular characterization revealed that the strains were phylogenetically closely related to species which belongs to species of genus Bacillus and Micrococcus.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59117
Title: Facile Route to the Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by the Endophytic Fungus Alternaria SP.
Author: Swetha Sunkar, C Valli Nachiyar.
Editor: P K Wong, R K Trivedi.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences Vol 15(no. 3), pp. 495-502, 2013
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Endophytic fungi, Alternaria sp, Extracellular synthesis, Silver nanoparticles, TEM, Antibacterial activity.
Abstract: The research on the techniques employed in the synthesis of nanoparticles is an area of grave importance. Owing to the disadvantages of chemical methods, microbes were looked upon as an effective alternative that paved the way for the "green" facile routes of nanoparticle synthesis. The use of different classes of microbes is currently in vogue but the vast potential of endophytic fungi has not yet been tapped completely. The present investigation aims to synthesize silver nanoparticles from the endophytic fungi Alternaria sp., isolated from Garcinia xanthochymus. This study reports the formation of extracellular silver nanoparticles using the cell free extract, with their size in the range of 24-55 nm that displayed potential antibacterial activity and dye degrading ability. This study emphasizes the advantage of the extracellular synthesis by endophytic fungi that need not require an additional step of isolation and is helpful for downstream processing.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59116
Title: Pezizales of West Bengal, India I. Pyronemataceae: Lamprospora and Miladina.
Author: Prakash Pradhan, Arun Kumar Dutta, Krishnendu Acharya.
Editor: P K Wong, R K Trivedi.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences Vol 15(no. 3), pp. 491-494, 2013
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Psilopezoid, Diversity, Macrofungi, New Record.
Abstract: Two members of the family Pyrenomycetaceae were collected from Lateritic region of West Bengal. Literature survey revealed that Lamprospora carbonicola represent new record for West Bengal and Miladina lecithina represent a new record for India. A detailed macro and microscopic and habitat features of them were presented in this paper.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59115
Title: Extraction of Xylan Degrading Enzyme from Trichoderma Harzianum MTCC 10730.
Author: Palaniappan Ramesh, Rajoo Baskar, Mohan Gaanappriya.
Editor: P K Wong, R K Trivedi.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences Vol 15(no. 3), pp. 487-490, 2013
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Trichoderma, Xylanase, Solid state fermentation, Submerged fermentation, Paper bleaching.
Abstract: Cellulase free xylanase has been isolated from microorganisms and tested for bleaching activity, giving rise to a new approach in biobleaching. In this aspect, the present study aims to check the tolerance of Trichoderma harzianum species, a biologicall controlling agent, in the production of xylanase enzyme. The strains were isolated from the environmental samples taken from pulp and paper industry effluent at Srivari paper boards, Gobi, Tamilnadu, India. The organisms were subjected to growth at various pH conditions. The resistant strain, T-1 to a different pH was further isolated and grown on selective xylan-agar medium. The isolated strain was characterized as Trichoderma harzianum MTCC 10730. Maximum growth of the organism was found at 48 h under submerged condition in medium enriched with xylan. The organism produces an extra cellular xylanase that had a low molecular weight and optimal working temperatures. Enzyme assays were carried out optimizing the pH, temperature and carbon sources for the enzyme production. Further proposed studies include the bleaching activity of the enzyme and comparison of the industrial application with the commercially available enzymes. These trials may also be carried out in paper processing industry and the bleaching sequences may be analyzed for the efficacy of bleaching and pre bleaching.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59114
Title: Screening of Actinomycetes from Rhizosphere of Sugarcane Cultivated in Latur Area (INDIA) and Study of its Antimicrobial Activity.
Author: R N Jadhav.
Editor: P K Wong, R K Trivedi.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences Vol 15(no. 3), pp. 483-486, 2013
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Actinomycetes, Antimicrobial activity, Bio control, Screening, Rhizosphere soil.
Abstract: Actinomycetes are ubiquitous group of bacteria that occur in multiplicity of natural and man made environments. The are predominantly Gram positive bacteria with high G+C % (57-79%). Several species of actinomycetes produce antibiotics of agriculturall and industrial importance. Biocontrol of plant pathogen is an attractive alternative to chemical pesticides which causes environmental pollution and development of resistant strain. Majority of antibiotics so far isolated were produced from Streptomycetes, which are produced by actinomycetes, 42% by fungi and 16% by other bacteria. In the present study screening of actinomycetes from rhizosphere of sugarcane was done by using specific media. Plates were incubated at 28 C for 4-14 days. Ten isolates of actinomycetes were isolated. They were further purified and identified by using several biochemical tests. The antimicrobial activity of isolates of actinomycetes was studied by using agar diffusion (well) method against Bacillus megaterium NCIM2326; Candida albicans NCIM3103; Escheerichia coli NCIM2064; Fusarium oxysporium (soil isolate) and Xanthomonas compestris NCIM2956. It was observed that isolates of actinomycetes ISS06 showed maximum antimicrobial activity against all test organisms. The morphology along with cultural and biochemical tests confirmed that these isolates belonged to genus Streptomyces.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59113
Title: Bioactive Compounds Produced by Endophytic Fungi Isolated from Beach Morning Glory (IPOMOEA PES-CAPRAE LINN.)
Author: V Chaipackdee, S Pornpakkul, P Chokratin.
Editor: P K Wong, R K Trivedi.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences Vol 15(no. 3), pp. 479-482, 2013
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Endophytic fungi, Ipomoea pes-caprae Linn, Bioactive compounds, Biological assays.
Abstract: Endophytic fungi were isolated from leaves, stems, petioles, flowers and seeds of Ipomoea pescaprae Linn, collected from beaches of Thailand. All of selected endophytic fungi were assayed for antimicrobial activity against 5 microorganisms; B.subtilis, S, aureus, E.coli, P.aeruginosa and C. albicans. Crude extract of endophytic fungus isolate Ch109 exhibited highest antimicrobial activity against tested microorganisms. Based on light microscope identification and DNA sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, the fungal isolate Ch109 was identified as Eurotium amstelodami. Isolation of bioactive substances from mycelia of E. amstelodami by column chromatography gave 2 compounds including tetrahydroauroglaucin and flavoglaucin. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), antioxidant activity and anticancer activity of both compounds were assayed.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59112
Title: Incidence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Salmonella in Slum Children of Dhaka City, Bangladesh.
Author: M Firoz Ahmed, Sabita Rezwana Rahman.
Editor: P K Wong, R K Trivedi.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences Vol 15(no. 3), pp. 473-477, 2013
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Salmonella, Dhaka, Antimicrobial susceptibility.
Abstract: The burden of typhoid fever caused by Salmonella typhi in children of shanty town is not well recognized in Bangladesh. However, without such data successful disease control program cannot be achieved. This study investigated on the prevalence of Salmonella spp, in shanty town children of Dhaka city and investigated the extent of antimicrobial resistance of the isolates. Blood sample was collected from the suspected subjects prior to isolation of blood borne Salmonella spp.. Out of the 100 blood samples examined, bacterial growth was found in 57% samples and Salmonella typhi was present in 61% of the positive cases. The highest distribution of the pathogen was found within the age group of 5-<10 years. A higher level of antibiotic resistance was noted for the Salmonella isolates and 77% of them were found to be multidrug resistant. However, the isolates were sensitive to some less commonly used drugs like amikacin, netilmicin etc.. This study suggests regular monitoring of the prevalence and drug resistance of typhoid bacilli among slum community so that the knowledge can act as reference for proper treatment of Salmonella related diseases.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59111
Title: Production and Partial Characterization of B-glucanase from Aspergillus Niger JQ1516491 under submerged and Sollid State Fermentation.
Author: Ahmed A Shindia, Salwa A Khalaf, Marwa A Yassin.
Editor: P K Wong, R K Trivedi.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences Vol 15(no. 3), pp. 459-472, 2013
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Aspergillus niger, 18S-28S rRNA, B-Glucanase, SF, SSF, Biochemical properties.
Abstract: Aspergillus niger was the potent ?-glucanase producer, as observed from the screening profile. Based on morphological and molecular approaches (18S-28S rRNA sequence, flanking the ITS and 5.8S rRNA regions), the isolate was identified as Aspergillus niger with accession number JQ1516491. Under submerged fermentation conditions, the maximum enzyme yield (127.3 U/mg) by A. niger was obtained using 2% CMC, 0.3% yeast extract, 0.1% KH2PO4, 0.05% MgSO4.7H2O, 0.05% KCI. Among the tested ten natural agricultural byproducts, peanut shell cake was the potent substrate for induction of ?-glucanase (178 U/mg) by A. niger under solid state fermentation (SSF). Under SSF conditions, the enzyme yield was increased by about 1.4 folds by supplementation of 0.1% CMC and 0.1% yeast extract to the same salt solution. The enzyme was purified and characterized from the solid cultures of A. niger using peanut as substrate, by salting out, gel-filtration and ion exchange chromatography. Following the chromatographic step, the enzyme activity was increased by 5.4 fold with 42.6% yield. Using SDS-PAGE, the enzyme has molecular weight 55 and 35 kDa. The maximum enzyme activity was measured using 1% ?-glucan in potassium phosphate buffer of pH 6.5-7.0, with relative pH stability at 5.4 to 6.0. Also, the highest enzyme activity was detected by incubation of the reaction mixture at 50?C, with plausible thermal stability at this degree. The enzyme thermal denaturation rate was increased subsequently with the heating temperature, as revealed from the T1/2 values that were 10, 4.7 and 2.7 hr at 50, 60 and 70 ?C, respectively. The enzyme has iso-electric focusing (pI) at pH 6.6-7.4. From the absorption spectra, the enzyme has a distinct peak at 230 nm for the apo-enzyme and other at 300 nm.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59110
Title: Asymtomatic Bacteriuria in Pregnant Women: A Hospital based Study.
Author: Anuj Mathur, Kasturi Mummigatti, Ramesh Ranganathan, Jayadevan Sreedharan, Jayakumary Muttappallymyalil.
Editor: P K Wong, R K Trivedi.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences Vol 15(no. 3), pp. 455-458, 2013
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Urinary tract infection, Asymptomatic bacteriuria, Antenatal, Pregant women, Staphylococcus saprophyticus.
Abstract: To study the incidence of bacteriuria during pregnancy with no presenting symptoms of UTI and to study the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the bacterial isolates. The study was conducted among 411 pregnant women (primi- or multigravida) on their first antenatal checkup visit in GMC hospital, Ajman over a period of one year. A structured questionnaire was administered to collect the demographic and health information from the subjects giving consent. The results of the laboratory investigations (bacteriuria, pus cells and culture sensitivity) were noted from the medical records. Bacteriuria was present in 48 (11.7%) cases, and 10 samples sent for culture sensitivity showed positive growth in 3 samples (30%). Prevalence of culture positivity among patients with no bacteriuria, but showing presence of significant number of pus cells, was 22.2% (18/81). Out of total 91 samples cultured, no growth was isolated from the remaining samples which showed variable sensitivity to different antibiotics. Asymptomatic bacteriuria among pregant women suggests dormant urinary tract infection which might lead to complications such as low birth weight , hypertension and higher fetal mortality rates, if left untreated. It has been suggested that a urine culture should be obtained from all women during antenatal checkup even in the absence of UTI symptoms.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59109
Title: "Honey": Its Importance as a Traditional Medicine for Skin Wound Infections.
Author: Mohd Adnan, Jinal Desai, Nilofer Shaikh, Shyama Mehta.
Editor: P K Wong, R K Trivedi.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences Vol 15(no. 2), pp. 451-455, 2013
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Honey, Skin, Wound, Healing, Antimicrobial activity.
Abstract: The inhibition of antibiotic resistant bacteria by honey has not been fully explored. The hypothesis is that honey can act as a traditional medicine on antibiotic resistant bacteria. This study reviewed the literature with the aim of understanding the effect of various types of honey on diversity of microorganisms which causes skin wound infections and their effectiveness.
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59108
Title: Urban Green Spaces and City Sustainability.
Author: Raheleh Rostami, Hasanuddin Lamit, Seyed Meysam Khoshnava, Rasoul Rostami.
Editor: P K Wong, R K Trivedi.
Year: 2013
Publisher: Global Science Publications.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences Vol 15(no. 2), pp. 441-446, 2013
Subject: Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Urban green spaces, Qualilty of life, Sustainability.
Abstract: Today more than ever cities are characterized by intensified high-level human concentration accompanied by the accumulation of the main human activities such as the economic, cultural, educational and social ones. Rising population and rapid worldwide urbanization has created enormous problems of health and environment and have raised concerns about the sustainability of cities. In this regard, on recreational areas and urban green spaces become important. The quality of green spaces helps to define the identity of towns and cities, which can enhance their attraction for living, working, investment and tourism. And, by affording important socio-economic and psychological needs, enrich human life with meanings and emotions and raise quality of life as key component of sustainability. In this study, one of famous sample of historical Persian Gardens were chosen due to its historical background as first sample of Iranian urban green spaces which are still being used actively by the residents. The issues investigated are functional and emotional dimensions involved in the experience of garden and its importance for people ' s general well-being .
Location: TE 12 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None