ID: 66000
Title: Municipal solid waste – transforming waste to wealth in a sustainable manner
Author: Suvendu Kumar Dash, Artatrana Mishra and Himanshu Bhusan Sahu
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (5) 527-536 10 Sep (2024)
Subject: Municipal solid waste – transforming waste to wealth in a sustainable manner
Keywords: Disposal methods, municipal solid waste, pollution, regulatory framework, sustainable approach.
Abstract: In the urban areas of India, solid waste generated by
human activities due to increasing urbanization and
economic growth is a major concern as we aspire to
become a 5 trillion economy by 2025. Millions of tonnes
of solid waste is generated in various forms, with the
most commonly used disposal methods are open dump,
open-air incineration, land filling and disposal to water
bodies. Irregular management of municipal solid waste
leads to water and air pollution, land degradation and
emission of gases like methane and carbon dioxide.
The concepts of 5R, viz. reducing, reusing, recycling,
recovering and residual management, are the main
aspects that address this global issue. To meet these
challenges, the Government of India must develop a
regulatory framework to address the issue in a sustainable manner.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: . Al-Ghouti, M. A., Maria, K., Mustafa, S. N., Khalid, A. and Oonn,
E. H., Recent advances and applications of municipal solid wastes
bottom and fly ashes: insights into sustainable management and
conservation of resources. Environ. Technol. Innov., 2021, 21, 1–30.
Dash, S. K. and Dash, A. K., Assessment of ambient air quality
with reference to particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) and gaseous
pollutants (SO2 and NO2) near Bileipada, Joda area of Keonjhar,
Odisha, India. Pollut. Res., 2015, 34(4), 181–188.
Literature cited 2: Kumar, D. S., Bhushan, S. H. and Kishore, D. A., Atmospheric
dispersion model to predict the impact of gaseous pollutant in an
industrial and mining cluster. Global J. Environ. Sci. Manage.,
2018, 4(3), 351–358.
Kumar, S. D. and Dash, A., Seasonal variation of air quality index
and assessment. Global J. Environ. Sci. Manage., 2018, 4(4), 483–
492.
ID: 65999
Title: Rapid urbanization – need for retaining gomalas as green spaces in the urban environment
Author: H. Paramesh
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (5) 523-526 10 Sep (2024)
Subject: Rapid urbanization – need for retaining gomalas as green spaces in the urban environment
Keywords: Biodiversity, green spaces, global environment, gomalas, urbanization
Abstract: The global human population was 8 billion in 2022 and it is projected to reach 9 billion by 2031,
leading to a significant shift in environmental issues with a decline in biodiversity. We need to develop people-centred cities by 2050, since two-thirds of the total population is going to live in urban
areas. Cities grow by urbanization of villages. As the cities grow, biodiversity is challenged. India is
the second country in the world, next only to Brazil, where green cover is being significantly lost due
to deforestation. Gomalas are the lands in the villages reserved for grazing by animals and serve as
a lung space for humans when the villages are urbanized. It is time to act to maintain greenery of the
gomalas for sustenance of lives in the urban environment. Maintenance of green cover with biodiversity is essential for sustenance of life. We have nearly 1.75 million species on our planet and
many more are yet to be discovered. Biodiversity has continued to decline during the past two decades.
Nearly 58% of vertebrates and 51% of freshwater species are now extinct and acceleration of extinction of 1,000–10,000 species is predicted during the next decade due to anthropogenic activities. The
World Environmental Day theme for 2024 is to ‘Protect, preserve and prosper for a greener future’
for all on the planet with living and non-living systems in our environment.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: WHO Sustainable Development Goals, 2015; https://sdgs.un.
org./goals
United Nations Department of Economics and Social Affairs Economic Analysis, 2018
Literature cited 2: Paramesh, H. and Sankam, J., Unearthing the nexus: population
growth’s impact on planetary resources and health – with a focus
on Bangalore city. Environmental Chapter of Indian Academy of
Pediatrics. Bull. Environ. Child Health, 2023,
https://www.unep.org/ietc/events/un-day/world-environment-day2024
ID: 65998
Title: From combined stress to climate resilience: harnessing the power of a knowledge resource
Author: Bharat Maitraya, Prachi Pandey and Muthappa Senthil-Kumar
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (5) 520-522 10 Sep (2024)
Subject: From combined stress to climate resilience: harnessing the power of a knowledge resource
Keywords: None
Abstract: Understanding the intricate dynamic impact of combined stresses on plant growth and productivity amidst escalating climate change is one of the most prevalent challenges for today’s plant stress biologists. This commentary
emphasizes the necessity of employing a centralized resource to collect and analyse scattered data on combined
and individual abiotic and biotic stresses in plants. Introducing the Stress Combinations and their Interactions
in Plants Database, we underscore its role in consolidating and comprehending diverse omics datasets and
facilitating interdisciplinary research efforts to advance agricultural research.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Fingueiredo, M. S. N. and Pereira, A. M.,
Proc. Manufact., 2017, 12, 166–173.
Ghadge, S. P. and Pasalkar, J., Data Sci.
Agric., 2021, 8, 1397–1401
Literature cited 2: Priya, P., Patil, M., Pandey, P., Singh, A.,
Babu, V. S. and Senthil-Kumar, M., Plant J.,
2023, 116, 1097–1117.
Seneviratne, S. I. et al., In Climate Change
2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel
on Climate Change (eds Masson-Delmotte,
V. et al.), Cambridge University Press,
Cambridge, UK, 2021, pp. 1513–1766
ID: 65997
Title: Drinking water quality standards and implementation
Author: Mohit Nangia
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (5) 518-519 10 Sep (2024)
Subject: Drinking water quality standards and implementation
Keywords: None
Abstract: Safe drinking water is a human right. The
United Nations Sustainable Development
Goal 6 aims to ensure the availability and
sustainable management of water and sanitation for all by 2030. Inadequate management of urban, industrial and agricultural
wastewater has resulted in the drinking
water of hundreds of millions of people
being dangerously contaminated or chemically polluted. The natural presence of chemicals, particularly in groundwater, can
also be of significance for health. Reuse of
wastewater to recover water, nutrients and
energy is becoming an important strategy.
A report prepared by the Ministry of Jal
Shakti and the Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India (GoI) mentions
that the country is home to 17% of the
world’s population but has only 4% of the
world’s freshwater resources.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: IS:10500 Drinking water specification;
https://law.resource.org/pub/in/bis/S06/is.10
500.2012.pdf
WHO Drinking-Water Quality (GDWQ),
2022, 4th edn; https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241549950
Literature cited 2: WHO; https://www.who.int/publications/i/
item/9789240088740
National Human Rights Commission; https://
nhrc.nic.in/sites/default/files/Right%20to%-
20water.pdf
ID: 65996
Title: KVKs at 50: nurturing the needs and aspirations of rural communities through tailored intervention
Author: Dileep Kumar Pandey and Souvik Ghosh
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (5) 517-522 10 Sep (2024)
Subject: KVKs at 50: nurturing the needs and aspirations of rural communities through tailored intervention
Keywords: None
Abstract: The Golden Jubilee of India’s Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) marks 50 years of gaining knowledge in the field
of agriculture, rooted in the heartlands of rural India. Established by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi in 1974, these centres have evolved into beacons of knowledge and progress at 731 locations
nationwide. Their journey embodies a commitment to tailored interventions, leveraging local assets and fostering aspirations beyond economic growth. Despite facing challenges like inadequate human resources and climate change, KVKs offer opportunities for innovation and collaboration. As they celebrate their golden jubilee
milestone, KVKs are poised to continue their transformative journey, bridging the gap between research and
reality for sustainable rural development
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1:
Literature cited 2:
ID: 65995
Title: Sustainability science
Author: Vinod Kumar Gaur
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (5) 511-512 10 Sep (2024)
Subject: Sustainability science
Keywords: None
Abstract: It is now universally recognized that the key to sustainable
living is participative management of local and regional
environments and resources by their communities and
managers. The recognition is rooted in the perception that
local and regional communities do indeed adapt to changing
socio-economic and environmental trends by modifying or
adopting new practices to protect and enhance their livelihood bases and opportunity spaces. Community knowledge
gained from an intuitive understanding of nature’s work
and the resulting phenomena, infused with long experiential learning of their temporal perturbations, served people
well for a long time, in evolving a stable order of life and
work through times of moderate change. This subconsciously assimilated feedback from natural processes into
human lives, in turn, maintained the seamless flow of ecosystem services through the human–nature system, leisurely
adapting to slow evolving emergence of their new forms.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1:
Literature cited 2:
ID: 65994
Title: WhatsApp text messaging follows a daily rhythm in both formal and informal settings
Author: Nishi Soni, Saurabh Jaiswal, Sudhir Kumar, Shalie Malik and Sangeeta Rani
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (4) 491-493 25 Aug (2024)
Subject: WhatsApp text messaging follows a daily rhythm in both formal and informal settings
Keywords: Behaviour, circadian rhythm, social networking, WhatsApp
Abstract: We examined and compared the 24-hour pattern of
WhatsApp messaging between a formal cohort of n = 59
members of the Indian scientific society and an informal cohort of n = 41 family members. In particular,
we analysed and calculated the intensity and pattern
of messaging activity across 24 hours in relation to the
sunrise and sunset timings, as well as the overall daily
activity period. There was a daily periodicity in the
WhatsApp messaging, with their close coupling to the
time of day in formal compared to that in the informal
cohort. However, the messaging activity pattern appeared to conform to a daily rhythm in both coho
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Astaburuaga, R., Basti, A., Li, Y., Herms, D. and Relógio, A., Circadian regulation of physiology: relevance for space medicine.
REACH, 2019, 2, 14–15.
Alhola, P. and Polo-Kantola, P., Sleep deprivation: impact on cognitive performance. Neuropsychiatr. Dis. Treat., 2
Literature cited 2: Evans, J. A. and Davidson, A. J., Health consequences of circadian
disruption in humans and animal models. Prog. Mol. Biol. Transl.
Sci., 2013, 119, 283–323.
Kio, S. I., What students are saying on Facebook about their
schools? Webology, 2015, 12, 1–12
ID: 65993
Title: Role of climatic conditions on malaria transmission in Chhattisgarh state of India through a modelling study
Author: Shambhavi Krishna and Shailendra Rai
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (4) 483-490 25 Aug (2024)
Subject: Role of climatic conditions on malaria transmission in Chhattisgarh state of India through a modelling study
Keywords: Climate change, entomological inoculation rate, rainfall, temperature, VECTRI.
Abstract: India represents 3% of the global malaria burden.
Chhattisgarh is the second-most endemic region in India
in terms of malaria transmission. The research related
to the effect of weather variables on malaria transmission
through dynamic modelling is at an early stage in India.
We attempted to do it with the help of the VECtor
borne disease community model of International Centre for Theoretical Physics, TRIeste model for the
Chhattisgarh region during 2000–2019. The highest
malaria transmission is found in August and September. We also found that the malaria transmissions are
found to be more endemic in the districts, namely Baster,
Dantewada, Sukma, Bijapur, Narayanpur, Kondagaon,
Raigarh, Jashpur, Balrampur, Bemetara and Baloda Bazar
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Alonso, P. and Tanner, M., Public health challenges and prospects
for malaria control and elimination. Nat. Med., 2013, 19, 150–155;
https://doi.org/10.1038/nm.3077.
Kumar, A. et al., Surveillance based estimation of burden of malaria
in India, 2015–2016. Malar. J., 2020, 19, 156; https://doi.org/10.
1186/s12936-020-03223-7.
Literature cited 2: Akpalu, W. and Codjoe, S., Economic analysis of climate variability
impact on malaria prevalence: the case of Ghana. Sustainability,
2013, 5(10), 4362–4378.
Klinkenberg, E., McCall, P. J., Wilson, M. D., Amerasinghe, F. P.
and Donnelly, M. J., Impact of urban agriculture on malaria vectors
in Accra, Ghana. Malar. J., 2008, J7(1), 15.
ID: 65992
Title: Biological characterization of the predominant strains of fall armyworm in India with regards to biocontrol agents and pheromone
Author: Smita Patil, Nishtha Nayyar, Gandhi Gracy, Jagadeesh Patil, Subaharan Kesavan, Sivakumar Gopalsamy, Kandan Aravindram, Rangeshwaran Rajagopal, Ashwitha Gopal, Vinay Kumar Thirumalahatti Munikrishnappa, M. L. Mahalakshmi, Chaitra Mallasamudra,
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (4) 475-482 25 Aug (2024)
Subject: Biological characterization of the predominant strains of fall armyworm in India with regards to biocontrol agents and pheromone
Keywords: Biocontrol, CO1-CS, CO1-RS, genetic strains, invasive fall armyworm, pheromones
Abstract: The invasion of fall armyworm (FAW) to the Eastern
hemisphere poses a major challenge to the food security
efforts of several nations including India. Invasive
FAW population is primarily composed of two predominant strains differentiated based on the mitochondrial
cytochrome c oxidase (COI) gene, known as COI-RS
(hybrid strain) and COI-CS (corn strain). COI-RS, in
particular was found to be different from the ancestral
rice strain in America and displayed characteristics of
typical inter-strain hybrid population. Although the
ancestral populations have been tested for their mating
behaviour and response toward pheromones and biocontrol agents, similar studies have not been performed
on the invasive populations. We report here the interstrain mating behaviour of COI-RS and COI-CS populations from India along with their susceptibilities towards
different biocontrol agents. COI-RS larvae were more
susceptible to SpfrNPV infection compared to COI-CS
larvae. The response towards other biocontrol agents
was similar in the two strains. Electroantennogram response study revealed that the two strains differed in
their response towards FAW pheromone, where COICS males displayed higher mean antennal response towards Z-9-tetradecenyl acetate (87%), Z-11-hexadecenyl
acetate (12.5%) and Z-7-dodecenyl acetate (0.5%) than
COI-RS males. Similar to the ancestral population, we
found unidirectional mating between COI-RS females
and COI-CS males while the reverse cross did not yield
viable offspring. However, further detailed studies are
required to confirm this observation.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Montezano, D. G. et al., Host plants of Spodoptera frugiperda
(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in the Americas. Afr. Entomol., 2018, 26,
286–300.
Rwomushana, I., Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) invasive
species Compendium, Wallingford, UK, CABI, DOI, 2019, 10.
Literature cited 2: Goergen, G., Kumar, P. L., Sankung, S. B., Togola, A. and Tamò,
M., First report of outbreaks of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae), a new alien invasive
pest in West and Central Africa. PLoS ONE, 2016, 11, e0165632.
Sharanabasappa, S. et al., First report of the fall armyworm,
Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith)(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), an alien
invasive pest on maize in India. Pest Manage Horticult. Ecosyst.,
2018, 24(1), 23–29
ID: 65991
Title: Climate change hazards along the Indian coastal districts: spatial analysis on a climatic impact-driver framework
Author: Reshma Gills, Shelton Padua , C. Ramachandran , Eldho Varghese , K. R. Ratheesh , Grinson George , Rose P. Bright , E. Vivekanandan , J. Jayasankar and A. Gopalakrishnan
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (4) 461-474 25 Aug (2024)
Subject: Climate change hazards along the Indian coastal districts: spatial analysis on a climatic impact-driver framework
Keywords: Cyclone, flood, heatwave, multi-hazard, sea level rise, shoreline change.
Abstract: Concepts, approaches and frameworks for assessing
the impacts of climate change are evolving quickly.
Due to their particular geographic location, proximity
to oceans, concentration of populated regions, and infrastructure, coastal communities are particularly sensitive to the effects of climate change. The present study
aims to develop a thematic map based on the CID (climatic impact-drivers) framework proposed in the assessment report-6 of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change (IPCC) to evaluate the climate change’s physical hazards in the coastal districts of India. The study
points out that West Bengal and Odisha are the two
states with the highest cyclone hazard index values
making them most vulnerable to cyclones. At the same
time, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh and West Bengal respectively fall in the extremely severe category of flood,
heatwave and shoreline change hazards. The maritime
state of Gujarat along with Diu and Daman experiences
maximum severity for the sea level rise hazard. The
multi-hazards index developed in the study by considering 14 threshold-based CID indices showed that the
coastal state of Andhra Pradesh has the highest proneness to the physical hazards due to climate change
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Masson-Delmotte, V. et al. (eds), Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. In Contribution of Working Group I Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 2021.
Weiskopf, S. R. et al., Climate change effects on biodiversity, ecosystems, ecosystem services, and natural resource management in
the United States. Sci. Total Environ., 2020, 733, 137782.
Literature cited 2: Santos, R. M. and Bakhshoodeh, R., Climate change/global warming/climate emergency versus general climate research: comparative bibliometric trends of publications. Heliyon, 2021, 7, e08219.
Abbass, K., Qasim, M. Z., Song, H., Murshed, M., Mahmood, H.
and Younis, I., A review of the global climate change impacts, adaptation, and sustainable mitigation measures. Environ. Sci. Pollut.
Res. Int., 2022, 29, 42539–42559.
ID: 65990
Title: Multi-criteria based hydrological zonation for water harvesting site suitability in Nuh watershed of Haryana, India
Author: Smita Jaiswal, Susama Sudhishri, Man Singh, Vinay K. Sehgal, Anil Kumar Mishra, Anchal Dass, Dinesh Sharma, P. Venkatesh, Love Kumar, Prashant Singh, Rashmi Yadav and Sangeeta
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (4) 452-460 25 Aug (2024)
Subject: Multi-criteria based hydrological zonation for water harvesting site suitability in Nuh watershed of Haryana, India
Keywords: Analytic hierarchy process, hydrological zonation, site suitability, watershed, water harvesting
Abstract: The present study aims to develop a protocol for determining the suitability of ponds in Nuh watershed,
Haryana, India, using hydrological zoning, analytic
hierarchy process, weighted overlay approach and
geospatial techniques. Maximum area is in moderate
and low run-off zones, with 50.43% and 32.4% of the
area covering 104 and 129 ponds respectively. Area
under least, moderate, high suitable zones are 33.2%,
51.92% and 11.38% respectively. Also, 137 more ponds
are proposed, with 2, 49 and 86 ponds having very
high, high and moderate suitable zones respectively. If
these 472 ponds are revived, additional areas can be
brought under irrigation in the watershed.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Ministry of Jal Shakti, Department of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation, Government of India, New
Delhi, Annual Report 2021–22.
Susama, S. and Dass, A., A report on revival of village ponds
through scientific interventions, Water Technology Centre, ICARIARI, New Delhi, 2022, p.
Literature cited 2: Vaidya, O. S. and Kumar, S., Analytic hierarchy process: an overview of applications. Eur. J. Oper. Res., 2006, 169(1), 1–29.
Yahaya, S., Ahmad, N. and Abdalla, R. F., Multicriteria analysis of
flood vulnerable areas in Hadejia–Jama’are River Basin, Nigeria.
Eur. J. Sci. Res., 2010, 42, 71–83
ID: 65989
Title: Constructing an innovative theoretical framework for tea grower’s adoption of carbon sequestration practices using PLS-SEM
Author: K. Shanmuga Surya , C. Cinthia Fernandaz, C. Karthikeyan , P. P. Murugan , K. Boomiraj , S. P. Thamaraiselvi , S. Manivasakan and Bindu Rajashekar
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (4) 445-451 25 Aug (2024)
Subject: Constructing an innovative theoretical framework for tea grower’s adoption of carbon sequestration practices using PLS-SEM
Keywords: Adoption, carbon sequestration practices, climate change, social influence, tea growers.
Abstract: Carbon sequestration in agricultural soils is crucial in
mitigating the adverse effects of global climate change
and enhancing soil fertility. Among various crops, tea
plantations show significant promise in adopting carbon
sequestration practices. Consequently, the Nilgiris district of Tamil Nadu was purposefully selected for the
study, involving 120 tea growers chosen using the
snowball sampling method. A theoretical framework
was developed to assess the factors influencing tea
grower’s adoption of carbon sequestration practices.
Partial least squares-structural equation modelling
(PLS-SEM) was employed to analyse the gathered data.
The results demonstrated that factors such as ‘knowledge’, ‘attitude’, ‘innovativeness’, ‘perceived benefits’
and ‘perceived need’ had a significant and positive influence on tea grower’s adoption of carbon sequestration
practices. In contrast, ‘social influence’ had no significant effect, underscoring the importance of increasing
awareness, providing financial incentives, establishing
pricing structures and implementing government policies related to soil carbon sequestration.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Amsalu, A. and De Graaff, J., Determinants of adoption and continued use of stone terraces for soil and water conservation in an
Ethiopian highland watershed. Ecol. Econ., 2007, 61(2), 294–302.
Bekele, W. and Drake, L., Soil and water conservation decision behavior of subsistence farmers in the Eastern Highlands of Ethiopia:
a case study of the Hunde-Lafto area. Ecol. Econ., 2003, 46(3),
437–451
Literature cited 2: Lal, R., Soil carbon sequestration impacts on global climate change
and food security. Science, 2004, 304(5677), 1623–1627.
Kalita, R., Kumar Das, A. and Nath, A. J., Assessment of soil organic carbon stock under tea agroforestry system in Barak Valley,
North East India. Int. J. Ecol. Environ. Sci., 2016, 42(2), 175–182
ID: 65988
Title: Field investigations of hydraulic jumps in natural channels with discrepancy corrections for experimental-based formulations
Author: Maisnam Bipinchandra Singh, Ngangbam Romeji and Thiyam Tamphasana Devi
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (4) 438-444 25 Aug (2024)
Subject: Field investigations of hydraulic jumps in natural channels with discrepancy corrections for experimental-based formulations
Keywords: Hydraulic jump, length of jump, natural channels, sequent depth ratio.
Abstract: The phenomenon of hydraulic jumps has been widely
studied in laboratory flumes. However, few studies
have been made to bridge the discrepancy encountered
in the formulation of relations ascribing hydraulic
jumps based on laboratory model studies and that occur
in natural conditions. Most of the predictive formulae
for sequent depth ratio and length of jump proposed in
the literature have not been verified in the field. The
present study attempts to link the field investigation
data of hydraulic jump in a weir with laboratory channel
flume observation for similar flow conditions. The hydraulic jump parameters were collected in the field using
feasible technologies in the study weir. The weir selected
for this study has geometric, kinematic and Froude
similarities with the laboratory model. The comparison
of laboratory model data and field measurements
showed inconsistency. It is observed that the sequent
depth ratio and length of the jump are inaccurately
predicted by the laboratory relation compared to the
field observations by the laboratory relation. A field validated-based relationship is suggested for the calculation of sequent depth and length of jump in a smooth
rectangular channel for Froude numbers ranging from
4 to 10.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: . Braden, G. E., The hydraulic jump in natural streams. In Proceedings of the Oklahoma Academy of Sciences, 1957, 38, 78–79.
Bakhmeteff, B. A., Hydraulics of Open Channels, McGraw-Hill,
New York, 1932.
Literature cited 2: Harleman, D. R. F. Discussion of ‘Turbulence characteristics of the
hydraulic jump’. Trans. ASCE, 1959, 124, 959–962.
Gill, M. A., Effect of boundary roughness on hydraulic jump. Int.
Water Power Dam Constr., 1980, 32(1), 22–24.
ID: 65987
Title: Q-DAI: design and implementation of a QGIS plugin for disaggregation of soil moisture content at 30 m spatial resolution
Author: Neha K. Nawandar† , Shaunak Sen and S. Janardhanan
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (4) 432-437 25 Aug (2024)
Subject: Q-DAI: design and implementation of a QGIS plugin for disaggregation of soil moisture content at 30 m spatial resolution
Keywords: DisPATCh, SMAP/SMOS, soil moisture content, QGIS, Qt creat
Abstract: Soil moisture content (SMC) plays a significant role in
land surface water and energy cycle and is essential in
performing various field-related studies. It is a crucial
parameter provided by passive L-band sensors on soil
moisture active passive/soil moisture ocean salinity satellite missions at a resolution of ~36–40 km. To obtain inference from the SMC data and apply it to different
applications, its study and analysis are required that is
achievable using any geographic information systems
software. Quantum Geographic Information System
(QGIS) is an open-source software with a user-friendly
graphical user interface (GUI) and a repository of application-specific plugins. However, no plugin provides
SMC or downscales the SMC product for a required
location. Q-Daily Arial Image (Q-DAI), the QGIS
plugin proposed here, implements a downscaling algorithm to obtain the low-resolution SMC product from
SMAP/SMOS at fine resolution using inputs from
high-resolution satellite imagery. The plugin is developed
by designing a GUI using Qt Creator and defining its
functionality using Python. Q-DAI is tested on QGIS
3.16.16 on Windows 10, 8 GB RAM PC and QGIS 3.22
on a macOS Ventura laptop. Q-DAI can be used to obtain high-resolution SMC for any location, and in this
article, sample results of Q-DAI implemented for Delhi
region data have been shown.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Coleman, M. L. and Niemann, J. D., Controls on topographic
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ID: 65986
Title: Open access availability patterns of Indian research publications during the last two decades
Author: Vivek Kumar Singh, Prashasti Singh and Anurag Kanaujia
Editor: S.K.Satheesh
Year: 2024
Publisher: Current Science Association and Indian Academy of Sciences.
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Current Science Vol. 127 (4) 423-431 25 Aug (2024)
Subject: Open access availability patterns of Indian research publications during the last two decades
Keywords: Access to knowledge, Indian research, open access, open science, research funding
Abstract: In the current era of knowledge-based economies and
societies, access to knowledge and scientific advances is
a key requirement for the scientific, technological and
economic development of a country. Scientific research
outcomes are often considered by many as a public
good and hence it is often advocated that they should
be openly and freely accessible to the scientific community and the wider society. To fulfil such aspirations, there have been several initiatives towards open
access (OA), both globally and at national levels, including many important declarations and policies. India
has also taken several initiatives over the last two decades
to promote OA to scientific research outcomes, including putting in place mandates that require that all public
funded research should be openly accessible. This article
presents a quantitative analysis to understand how
much of Indian research output from 2001 to 2020 is
openly accessible, which in turn presents a reflection
on the effectiveness of the various OA initiatives. The
major OA routes adopted by Indian researchers and
the subject-specific OA availability patterns are identified. Finally, the OA availability levels for funded and
non-funded Indian research publications are determined.
The results indicate growth in OA availability of Indian
research papers, with green and gold OA routes being
the preferred ones. A higher OA availability is observed
in case of funded research publications. The article
concludes with a brief discussion on the major patterns
observed and their policy implications
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
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China, National Research Council, Washington DC; https://nap.
nationalacademies.org/read/11710/chapter/1#ii (accessed on 29 August
2023).
www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org (accessed on 27 August 2023).