ID: 59437
Title: Change detection in urban areas by object-based analysis and on-the-fly comparison of multi-view ALS data
Author: Marcus Hebela, Michael Arensa, Uwe Stillab.
Editor: Derek Lichti
Year: 2013
Publisher: Elsevier B V.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Vol. 86, 52-64 (2013)
Subject: Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing.
Keywords: Airborne laser scanning; LiDAR; Change detection; Multi-aspect; Multi-temporal data analysis.
Abstract: The use of helicopters as a sensor platform offers flexible fields of application due to adaptable flying speed at low flight levels. Modern helicopters are equipped with radar altimeters, inertial navigation systems (INS), forward-looking cameras and even laser scanners for automatic obstacle avoidance. If the 3D geometry of the terrain is already available, the analysis of airborne laser scanner (ALS) measurements may also be used for terrain-referenced navigation and change detection. In this paper, we present a framework for on-the-fly comparison of current ALS data to given reference data of an urban area. In contrast to classical difference methods, our approach extends the concept of occupancy grids known from robot mapping. However, it does not blur the measured information onto the grid cells. The proposed change detection method applies the Dempster-Shafer theory to identify conflicting evidence along the laser pulse propagation path. Additional attributes are considered to decide whether detected changes are of man-made origin or occurring due to seasonal effects. The concept of online change detection has been successfully validated in offline experiments with recorded ALS data streams. Results are shown for an urban test site at which multi-view ALS data were acquired at an interval of 1 year.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59436
Title: Development of a geometric model for an all-reflective camera system.
Author: K. Richter, D. Mader , K. Seidl , H.-G. Maas.
Editor: Derek Lichti
Year: 2013
Publisher: Elsevier B V.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Vol. 86, 41-51 (2013)
Subject: Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing.
Keywords: All-reflective camera system; Calibration; Geometric modeling; FEM.
Abstract: Currently in photogrammetry conventional camera optics, which are based on a combination of lenses, are solely used. These systems are also called refractive systems. The usage of refractive systems implies a general drawback for some applications. Due to the chromatic aberration of lenses, i.e. slightly different imaging functions for different spectral bands, a significant loss of image quality and geometric accuracy has to be accepted. This fact is important especially for applications that require imaging a wide spectral range. Conventional cameras are not able to satisfactorily capture the ultraviolet or near infrared spectral range in addition to the visible.
These chromatic aberration problems can be completely be avoided in all-reflective optical systems, i.e. camera objectives which are completely based on mirrors. The paper will briefly describe the developed all-reflective optical systems designed for optical metrology purposes.
A general disadvantage of the design of normal or wide angle all-reflective systems is the asymmetry of the mirror arrangement, which leads to large asymmetric geometric image distortions. These distortions cannot be modeled with standard methods of photogrammetry. Furthermore, the complete system is also more sensitive to local deviations from the ideal mirror surface. Therefore we developed a suitable geometric model, which is adapted to the special case. The model is based on the collinearity condition, extended by a specific additional parameter set optimized with regard to the characteristics of an all-reflective unobscured system. We will show various model variants based on the additional parameter sets of Brown, Ebner and Gr?n as well as Legendre polynomials, Chebyshev polynomials and Fourier series. The paper discusses the potential of these models to correct the distortion of an all-reflective unobscured optical system prototype based on four aspherical mirrors on the basis of test field self-calibration and describes different approaches to consider local deviations from the nominal aspherical mirror surface with the help of the finite elements method.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59435
Title: Automated detection of buildings from single VHR multispectral images using shadow information and graph cuts.
Author: Ali Ozgun Ok
Editor: Derek Lichti
Year: 2013
Publisher: Elsevier B V.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Vol. 86, 21-40 (2013)
Subject: Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing.
Keywords: Building detection; Shadow evidence; Graph cuts; Satellite imagery.
Abstract: In this study, we propose a novel methodology for automated detection of buildings from single very-high-resolution (VHR) multispectral images. The methodology uses the principal evidence of buildings: the shadows that they cast. We model the directional spatial relationship between buildings and their shadows using a recently proposed probabilistic landscape approach. An effective shadow post-processing step is developed to focus on landscapes that belong to building regions. The building regions are detected using an original two-level graph theory approach. In the first level, each shadow region is addressed separately, and building regions are identified via iterative graph cuts designed in two-label partitioning. The final building regions are characterised in a second level in which the previously labelled building regions are subjected to a single-step multi-label graph optimisation performed over the entire image domain. Numerical assessments performed on 16 VHR GeoEye-1 images demonstrate that the proposed approach is highly robust and reliable. A distinctive specialty of the proposed approach is its applicability to buildings with diverse characteristics as well as to VHR images with significantly different illumination properties.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59434
Title: Radargrammetric registration of airborne multi-aspect SAR data of urban areas
Author: Michael Schmitt, Oliver Maksymiuk , Christophe Magnard , Uwe Stilla
Editor: Derek Lichti
Year: 2013
Publisher: Elsevier B V.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Vol. 86, 11-20 (2013)
Subject: Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing.
Keywords: Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), Multi-aspect; Airborne, Registration, Georeferencing, Gauss-Helmert model.
Abstract: In this paper, the registration of decimeter-resolution airborne multi-aspect SAR (MASAR) data of inner city areas by application of the radargrammetric range-Doppler equations is investigated. The geometrical model is adapted to linear flight trajectories and zero-Doppler processed SAR data, whereas the observed trajectory parameters are adjusted using a strict Gauss-Helmert model and known ground control points. The significance of the estimated corrections is examined and the most suitable set of free parameters is determined. Finally, the methodology is applied to real test data of an airborne campaign over the city of Munich, Germany, and the feasability of the proposed radargrammetric registration method is shown.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59433
Title: Development of an image based integrated method for determining and mapping aerosol optical thickness (AOT) over urban areas using the darkest pixel atmospheric correction method, RT equation and GIS: A case study of the Limassol area in Cyprus.
Author: Kyriacos Themistocleous, Diofantos G Hadjimitsis.
Editor: Derek Lichti
Year: 2013
Publisher: Elsevier B V.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Vol. 86, 1-10 (2013)
Subject: Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing.
Keywords: AOT, GIS, Atmospheric correction, MATLAB, Landsat, Image-based mapping.
Abstract: This paper presents the development of an image-based integrated method for determining and mapping aerosol optical thickness (AOT) . Using the radiative transfer (RT) equation, a methodology was developed to create a Geographical Information System (GIS) model that can visually display the AOT distribution over urban areas. In this paper, the model was applied to eleven Landsat Thematic Mapper/Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (TM/ETM+) satellite images of Limassol, Cyprus during 2010 and 2011 to determine the AOT levels in Limassol Cyprus during satellite overpass. The study is innovative and unique in that the RT equation, satellite images, the darkest pixel (DP) method of atmospheric correction and GIS were integrated to derive AOT from satellite images and display the AOT distribution over an urban area without the input of any meteorological or atmospheric parameters. The accuracy of the algorithm was verified through statistical analysis by the strong agreement between the AOT values derived using the algorithm and the in situ AOT values from the ground-based sensors.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59432
Title: Karnataka Soil Map - Uttara Kannada District.
Author: C R Shiva Prasad, R S Reddy, J Seghal, M Velayutham.
Editor: J Seghal
Year: 1998
Publisher: National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Nagpur., Regjonal Centre, Bangalore
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: NBSS 1998
Subject: Karnataka Soil Map
Keywords: Soil, Karnataka, land use planning.
Abstract: 2 sheets of map - Uttara Kannada
a. Soils (Traditional),
b. Soils (detailed distribution + legend)
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59431
Title: Karnataka Soil Map - Shimoga District.
Author: C R Shiva Prasad, R S Reddy, J Seghal, M Velayutham.
Editor: J Seghal
Year: 1998
Publisher: National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Nagpur., Regjonal Centre, Bangalore
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: NBSS 1998
Subject: Karnataka Soil Map
Keywords: Soil, Karnataka, land use planning.
Abstract: 2 sheets of map - Shimoga
a. Soils (Traditional),
b. Soils (detailed distribution + legend)
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59430
Title: Soils of Karnataka for optimising land use.
Author: C R Shiva Prasad, R S Reddy, J Seghal, M Velayutham.
Editor: P P Bhojvaid.
Year: 1998
Publisher: National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning, Nagpur.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: NBSS Publ. 47b (Soils of India Series) 1-88, 1998
Subject: Soils of Karnataka for optimising land use.
Keywords: Soil, Karnataka, land use planning.
Abstract: 4 Sheets(a, b, c, d) of soil map on 1:500,000 scale from the regional centre of NBSS, Hebbal Bangalore.
How to use the soils bulletin
The soil resource bulletin of Karnataka provide the basic information on soils, their characteristics, classification, extent and geographic distribution, and the problems ans potential of soils. The basic information has been interpreted and several thematic maps have been generated. These interpretations would help in planning management of soil and land resources on scientific lines.
The soil resource map of Karnataka on 1:250,000 scale has been prepared based on the 3 tier approach of landform analysis, field survey and laboratory investigation, and cartography and printing.
The 121 soil map units on the soil map represent the associations of two soil families mostly with one or two inclusions. Each map unit has one dominant soil and another subdominant soil. The dominant soil family covers 50% or more area of the unit, while the subdominant soil family occupies less than 50% area but more than 20%. Inclusions if any cover less than 20%.
For calculating areas under different soils, the following criteria were used: (i) 60:40 ratio in units with association of two families (dominant and subdominant); (ii) 50:35:15 ratio in units with association of more than two (dominant and subdominant and inclusion).
On 1:250, 000 scale map, these soil map units are shown as 3-tier symbols. The upper tier shows the diagnostic properties of the dominant soil and their phases, elucidating the following information, viz. soil order, suborder, great group, subgroup, including phases (like soil depth, particle-size class) of family control section, surface texture, slope and erosion. The middle-tier shows the landform characteristics, whereas the lower-tier represents the soil family association number. The soil map of 1:250,000 scale was reduced and published on 1:500,000 scale without any generalisation and printed and published on four sheets (Sheets 1 to 4) namely Dharwad, Gulbarga, Shimoga and Bangalore sheets.
This map provides additional information on administrative divisions, geology, landforms, drainage and agro-ecological sub-regions as inset maps. The soil resource maps on 1:250,000 scale are available in 30 sheets of Survey of India either as loose sheets or as soil resource atlas which can be provided on request for official use. The description and classification of the soils occuring in each map unit can be read from the descriptive legend given in the detailed report (NBSS Publ 47a).
The executive summary report (47b) contains seven chapters viz introduction, geographical setting, methodology, the soils, soil degradation status, and interpretation for soil and land resource management, and suggested land use. The information provided in the soil map and the soils bulletin will be of great use to land users, researchers, extension workers and others involved in optimising land use on sustainable basis at the state or at regional level.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59429
Title: Termite-fauna (Isoptera) of Jammu, Kashmir and Ladakh Himalayan Region (north-west): An Annotated Checklist and Biodiversity
Author: R. C. Bhagat
Editor: P P Bhojvaid.
Year: 2014
Publisher: Indian Forester
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Indian Forester Vol. 140(no. 6) 617-620, 2014.
Subject: The Indian Forester
Keywords: Termites, Checklist, Biodiversity, Jammu, Kashmir, Ladakh.
Abstract: The present paper deals with the termite-fauna of Jammu, Kashmir and Ladakh Himalayan region. An updated annotated systematic checklist of 23 species of termites, belonging to 9 genera, under 3 major families and 6 subfamilies, occurring in vast areas/localities in diverse habitats of these regions, has been provided. Family Termitidae is the dominant component of termite-fauna (86.96 %) and most species rich genus is Odontotermes (52.18%) of total species, in this part of north-west Himalaya. The major termite pests of these Himalayan regions are: Angulitermes tilaki, Microtermes obesi, Odontotermes canidia, Odontotermes obesus and Trinervitermes biformis. These cause damage to agricultural crops (food, vegetables, fodder / grasses), forest trees and wood-building structures. Faunal distribution and biodiversity of termite species, have also been briefly discussed.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59428
Title: Checklist of Flora of Myristica Swamps - A Critically Endangered Fresh Water Ecosystem of Southern Western Ghats of Kerala, India.
Author: T. J. Roby, Joyce Jose, P. Vijayakumaran Nair.
Editor: P P Bhojvaid.
Year: 2014
Publisher: Indian Forester
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Indian Forester Vol. 140(no. 6) 608-616, 2014.
Subject: The Indian Forester
Keywords: Myristica Swamps, Flora, Biodiversity
Abstract: Trees of Myristicaceae family are dominant hence these swamps are popularly known as ' Myristica ' swamps. Members of other families such as Celestraceae, Diptereocarpaceae, Anacardiaceae, Xanthophyllaceae, Myrtaceae, etc. are a significant part of the swamp community in some of these swamps, but are less frequent. Ground vegetation consists mainly of Pandanus, Calamus, Ochalandra and members of Araceae, Acanthaceae, and Zingiberaceae family. Endemic and Endangered species such as Myristica fatua var.magnifica, Syzygium trvancoricum, Vateria indica are well represented. Sixty swamps in Southern Kerala were surveyed and mapped recently. A check list of the plant species of Myristica swamp forests of southern Kerala, India from over a period of five years is presented. 221 species of plants belonging to 88 families have been recorded from these swamp forests. Of the total plant species in Kerala, 5% have been recorded from the Myristica swamp forests of Kerala, the cumulative area of which is less than 0.01% of the land area of the State. 79 species of trees, 93 species of herbs/shrubs and 49 climbers constitute the vegetation. Eighteen of these plants are in the redlist and 49 plants are endemic.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59427
Title: Cupressus Torulossa Progeny Test: Variability and Heritability Estimates.
Author: S. A. Gangoo, N. A. Masoodi, Shah Murtaza
Editor: P P Bhojvaid.
Year: 2014
Publisher: Indian Forester
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Indian Forester Vol. 140(no. 6) 604-607, 2014.
Subject: The Indian Forester
Keywords: Cupressus, Heritability, Progeny, Traits, Variability
Abstract: The narrow sense heritability for various progeny trials of Cupressus torulossawas assessed. There was obviously much variation in the degree to which traits are under additive genetic control. Height is strongly controlled genetically followed by base branch angle and then by collar diameter. The coefficient of variation (C.V.) being a unit less measurement is a good basis for comparing the extent of variation between different characters with different scales. Here GCV (genotypic coefficient of variation) and PCV (phenotypic coefficient of variation) is highest for height. Heritability is of key importance in estimating gains that can be obtained from selection programme.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59426
Title: Economics of Sissoo-rice Based Agroforestry System under Different Levels of Pruning.
Author: H. Nayak, L. D. Koshta, N. Bhol
Editor: P P Bhojvaid.
Year: 2014
Publisher: Indian Forester
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Indian Forester Vol. 140(no. 6) 598-603, 2014.
Subject: The Indian Forester
Keywords: Sissoo, Rice, Agroforestry, Economics, Pruning
Abstract: Sissoo-rice based agroforestry system is a economically viable system provided it is properly managed. Pruning of tree canopy is required to increase the economic return. Keeping this in view, the economic study of one such system was carried out at Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur (India) during 2010. The sissoo trees were subjected to different levels of pruning (0, 25, 50 and 75% intensity) and three rice varieties (IR-36, MR-219 and WGL-32100) were grown with sissoo including in open condition. Irrespective of rice varieties, higher net monetary return was recorded in sissoo 50% pruning + rice crop (` 40311 ha-1 ) followed by 75% pruning ( 40186 ha-1 ), 25% pruning (Rs. 36517 ha-1 ) and lowest in no pruning + paddy (Rs.25859 ha-1). Irrespective of pruning intensity, MR-219 recorded significantly higher monetary return (Rs. 38715 ha-1 ) closely followed by IR-36 (Rs. 38363 ha-1). WGL-32100 recorded the lowest net monetary return (Rs. 30675 ha-1).
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59425
Title: Carbon Stock Distribution Pattern in the Solan forest Division (H.P.) - A Case Study
Author: D. P. Sharma
Editor: P P Bhojvaid.
Year: 2014
Publisher: Indian Forester
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Indian Forester Vol. 140(no. 6) 592-597, 2014.
Subject: The Indian Forester
Keywords: Growing Stock, Carbon, Sequestration, Range, Land Use, Soil Depth, Bulk Density, Altitudinal Gradient, Digital Elevation Model (DEM).
Abstract: The present investigation was carried out to determine plant and soil carbon in six land-uses viz., chir pine, ban oak, deodar, other broadleaves, culturable and un-culturable distributed along altitudinal gradient from 900 to 2100 m in Solan Forest Division, Himachal Pradesh during 2006-2007. Among land uses, the un-culturable land accounted for 40.08%, chirpine 25.97%, ban oak 17.23 %, other broadleaves 14.78%, culturable land 1.21% and deodar 0.70% of total carbon stock (1.66 M t). However, on per hectare basis maximum total carbon stock (274.35 t ha-1 ) was in other broadleaves land use which was 21.12, 9.29, 1.63, 1.51 and 1.42 times higher than un-culturable, culturable, chirpine, deodar and ban oak land use, respectively. The forest area at elevation between 1200-1500 m accounted for highest per cent carbon i.e., 36.78% however, on per hectare basis, it was found to increase with increase in elevation. Dharampur forest range accounted 30.45%, Parwanoo 26.41%, Solan 22.47%, Kandaghat 11.79% and Subathu 8.84% carbon to the total carbon stock (1.66 M t). In order to exploit the carbon sequestration potential of the region, plantations of forest species should be extended to their corresponding altitudinal limit in the land area available and suitable for planting.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59424
Title: Spatial Distribution of Root and Crop Yield in a Bamboo Based Agroforestry System.
Author: N. Bhol, H. Nayak
Editor: P P Bhojvaid.
Year: 2014
Publisher: Indian Forester
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Indian Forester Vol. 140(no. 6) 585-591, 2014.
Subject: The Indian Forester
Keywords: Bamboo, Agroforestry, Root Distribution, Crop Yield
Abstract: The studies on spatial distribution of roots and yield of intercrops in a Dendrocalamus strictus (Salia bamboo) based agroforestry system were carried out with planting bamboo clumps in two spacings (12m x 10m and 10m x 10m). In 2nd year kharif, four intercrops including cowpea, blackgram, greengram and sesamum were grown along with bamboo and in the following rabi season, greengram, sunflower, toria and blackgram were grown. The growth of bamboo clumps and root intensity were significantly higher with all four intercrops over the clumps grown without intercrop. The root intensity decreased with increase of distance from clump. At 1m distance it was 330/m2 while at 4m distance it was 20/m2. The highest root intensity was found at 0-15cm depth (317/m2) and lowest in 30-45 cm depth (29/m2 ).
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59423
Title: Floristic Diversity of the Katepurna Wildlife Sanctuary of Akola Wildlife Division, Maharashtra.
Author: Nitesh S. Hande, A. U. Nimkar, Y. B. Taide, R. D. Mankar.
Editor: P P Bhojvaid.
Year: 2014
Publisher: Indian Forester
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Indian Forester Vol. 140(no. 6) 580-584, 2014.
Subject: The Indian Forester
Keywords: Monocot, Dicot, Katepurna Wildlife Sanctuary.
Abstract: The present work was carried out in Katepurna wildlife sanctuary of Maharashtra. During survey 94 plant species belonging to 76 genera and 36 families have been collected and documented. Out of these, 79 species within 63 genera of 33 families belong to dicots, 15 species in 13 genera of 3 families belong to monocot. Data reveals that dicots dominate over monocots in the vegetation of the area.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None