ID: 59421
Title: Growth Study of Artificially Raised Sal Plants in Early Years after Field Planting
Author: Lal Ratnakar Singh
Editor: P P Bhojvaid.
Year: 2014
Publisher: Indian Forester
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Indian Forester Vol. 140(no. 6) 570-574, 2014.
Subject: The Indian Forester
Keywords: Root-shoots, Vegetative Propagation, Artificially Rooted Cuttings, Field Trial
Abstract: Sal (Shorea robusta) is a dominant tree species and its global range lies between 20? -30? N latitude and 75?-95? E longitude. Sal forests are spread in about 10 million hectare in India. Sal forests come under the category of climax forests where tall and robust Sal trees allow several layers of vegetation to grow under or alongside them. Due to its "dyeing back" tendency in natural and artificial regeneration, sal forests are not being established in the hard natural environment of plantation sites in early years of planting. The present study reveals the growth pattern of artificially raised sal plants during field trials in early years of planting. Plants raised from seeds in nursery in poly bags having one year, two year and three year age; plants raised from artificially rooted sal cuttings in mist chamber and kept in tube for one year; and plants raised from pre-sprouted root-shoots in poly bags prepared from one year old sal seedlings were planted together and study of growth was undertaken for initial 3 years. Early growth study reveals that plants raised from seeds in poly bags having 2 years age at the time of planting are most suitable for field planting. Plants raised from rooted cuttings and root-shoots also establish themselves and grow exceptionally well.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59420
Title: Forest Policies and NTFP - Based Livelihoods in India - Need for better Interventions
Author: Jyoti Pandey
Editor: P P Bhojvaid.
Year: 2014
Publisher: Indian Forester
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Indian Forester Vol. 140(no. 6) 563-569, 2014.
Subject: The Indian Forester
Keywords: Forest Dwellers, Livelihood, NTFP, Forest Policies, FRA, JFM
Abstract: Non-timber forest produce have always been integral part of income and consumption of tribal people. However, their access and usufruct rights to forest resources have been affected by various policies and legislations adopted in pre and post-independence India. As in other parts of the world, there is marked change in forest and NTFP related policies. While earlier, there was a top-down planning for forest management with a clear bias for industrial needs, now there are laudable attempts at devolution of power and conservation of forest wealth while ensuring livelihood concerns of forest dependent communities. After social forestry and JFM, the tenurial rights given to forest dwellers under the FRA 2006 is a step forward in evolution of forest policies in India. The marketing structure for trade in NTFP does not ensure fair returns to the forest dwellers who continue to live in poverty and are unaware of the potential income through value-addition to their produce. There is, thus, a need for a more holistic approach to tap the potential of NTFP ' s contribution in the tribal/rural economy.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59419
Title: Privatising the Common Property Resources in the Name of Redistributive Justice - Challenges Posed by FRA
Author: H. S. Gupta
Editor: P P Bhojvaid.
Year: 2014
Publisher: Indian Forester
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Indian Forester Vol. 140(no. 6) 555-562, 2014.
Subject: The Indian Forester
Keywords: FRA, Sustainability, CPR, Ensuring Sustainable Use, Conservation
Abstract: The FRA 2006 basically provides for the legal framework for claiming the "forest land" by individual and community and is considered by many groups to be major pro-poor institutional reform in the governance of the forests. It also expects communities to play an important role in sustaining such forest ecosystems by expecting them to do "conservation" activities as a matter of "right" and in theory gives an opportunity not only to secure local communities ' right to access forests by conferring them a rights-based framework for conservation and natural resource governance. But there are some incongruity and ambiguities in the FRA which may lead to mass scale privatization of the most useful common property resource i.e. the forest and the consequent threat of ecological losses - with grave economic and social consequences, both for current and future. The paper attempted to highlight the various debatable aspects of the FRA, particularly those related to ensuring the "sustainability" etc.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59418
Title: Diversity of Macrofungi in the Western Ghats of Karnataka (India).
Author: N. Usha, G. R. Janardhana.
Editor: P P Bhojvaid.
Year: 2014
Publisher: Indian Forester
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Indian Forester Vol. 140(no. 5) 531-536, 2014.
Subject: The Indian Forester
Keywords: Forests of Karnataka, Fungal Diversity, Macrofungi
Abstract: The present investigation was carried out in the forests of five districts of western ghats of Karnataka which includes B R Hills of Chamarajanagar, H D Kote forest of Mysore, Aanekaadu forest of Kodagu, Bisle forest of Hassan and forests of Chickmagalur districts representing four different habitats such as grass, litter, wood and soil respectively. The fruiting bodies of macrofungi belonging to 56 genera and 34 families were enumerated. Association of species was found to be abundant with litter followed by wood, grass and soil respectively Members of the family Agaricaceae were found to be predominant followed by Polyporaceae, Marasmiaceae, Mycenaceae and Russulaceae. Species of macrofuring belongings to 18 other families were also recorded.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59417
Title: Tinospora Maqsoodiana (menispermaceae), a New Species from Madhya Pradesh, India.
Author: S. Mujaffar, S. Moinuddin, S. Mustakim.
Editor: P P Bhojvaid.
Year: 2014
Publisher: Indian Forester
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Indian Forester Vol. 140(no. 5) 528-530, 2014.
Subject: The Indian Forester
Keywords: Madhya Pradesh, Menispermaceae, New Species, Tinospora.
Abstract: A new species Tinospora (Menispermaceae), Tinospora maqsoodiana Mujaffar, Moinuddin and Mustakim from the Khandwa district of Madhya Pradesh, India is described and illustrated.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59416
Title: A Database of Diseases of Medicinal Plants in Uttarakhand.
Author: Shubhra Bhandari, N. S. K. Harsh, A. K. Sharma, L. Puni Mao, Shikha Thakur.
Editor: P P Bhojvaid.
Year: 2014
Publisher: Indian Forester
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Indian Forester Vol. 140(no. 5) 518-527, 2014.
Subject: The Indian Forester
Keywords: Medicinal Plants, Diseases, Fungi, Uttarakhand.
Abstract: Medicinal plants play an important role in the development of potent therapeutic agents. Now-a-days large scale and commercialized cultivation has increased the number of diseases and their severity in medicinal plants. Among the bioagents fungal phytopathogens are found to cause certain foliar diseases which eventually play an important role in affecting overall health of the medicinal plants and their products. In the present study information about diseases of medicinal plants of Uttarakhand has been compiled to prepare a database.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59415
Title: Formation of Pith Flecks and Pattern of Compartmentalization in Response to Fungal Infection in Derris Trifoliata Lour., (fFABACEAE)
Author: Rina D. Koyani, Vidya S. Patil, Kishore S. Rajput.
Editor: P P Bhojvaid.
Year: 2014
Publisher: Indian Forester
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Indian Forester Vol. 140(no. 5) 508-517, 2014.
Subject: The Indian Forester
Keywords: Compartmentalization, Defence Mechanism, Derris Trifoliata, Fungal Infection, Wood Decay.
Abstract: Pattern of compartmentalization in response to fungal invasion is studied in a mangrove associate Derris trifoliata Lour., (Fabaceae) by histological and histochemical methods. Cambium miners form boreholes in the stem by making tunnels through bark into the cambial region. Injury formed on the xylem side, induce formation of callus like cells that differentiate into pith flecks while, cells lining the tunnel on phloem side differentiate into cork cells. Boreholes formed by cambial miners provide platform to various pathogenic fungi to invade various cells of xylem. Fungal hyphae enter into vessel lumen and travel from vessels to rays and adjacent xylem elements through the pits present on the lateral walls. To compartmentalise the fungal invasion, paratracheal parenchyma accumulate phenolic compounds that completely ensnare infected portion of xylem from all the sides. Subsequently, adjacent parenchyma release phenolic compounds into the vessel lumen and completely embeds the hyphae within it. In case of severely infected samples, parenchyma cells between normal and infected xylem produce interxylary cork as a barrier zone. The wound callus induced in response to larval mining activity possessed parenchymatous cells and are derived from the ray and xylem mother cells.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59414
Title: Potential of Important Agriculture Crops under Medicinal Agroforestry Tree Species in Nagaland, North-east Himalaya, India.
Author: A. K. Uniyal, Ben Savio Hamtoshi, Tahir Nazir.
Editor: P P Bhojvaid.
Year: 2014
Publisher: Indian Forester
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Indian Forester Vol. 140(no. 5) 494-507, 2014.
Subject: The Indian Forester
Keywords: Allelopathy, Leaf And Bark Extract, Seed Germination.
Abstract: Present investigation was conduct to evaluate the effect of three medicinal agroforestry tree species on germination and root-shoot growth of different test crops. All the test crops were found sensitive under leaf and bark mulches of all three medicinal tree species except Gylcin max under Azadirachta indica bark mulch and under leaf mulch of Terminalia bellirica, with respect to germination. These medicinal tree species have allelopathic potential and contain water soluble substances. They have inhibitory effect at higher concentration but at low concentration have stimulatory effects. All the tested agricultural crops may be cultivated under Terminalia bellirica with least harm. The importance indexes of medicinal agroforestry tree species was found to be in order: Terminalia bellirica >Azadirachta indica >Emblica officinalis and the order of agriculture field crops indexes is: Glycine max> Zea mays >Brassica campestris> Setaria italica
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59413
Title: Biomass Production, Phosphorus and Nitrogen Content in Acacia Nilotica under Am Fungi and Nutrient Treated Soil.
Author: Kaushal Pratap Singh, Rekha Yadav, Preetesh Kumari, Seema Bhadauria.
Editor: P P Bhojvaid.
Year: 2014
Publisher: Indian Forester
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Indian Forester Vol. 140(no. 5) 489-493, 2014.
Subject: The Indian Forester
Keywords: Acacia Nilotica, Alkali Soil, Am Inoculation, Biomass Accumulation, Phosphorus, Nitrogen Content.
Abstract: Acacia nilotica is fast growing, drought resistant, multipurpose legume tree species occurring in semi-arid and arid zones of the world. AM fungi, which constitute a group of important soil microorganisms, are known to improve the plant growth through better uptake of nutrients. A total of eight sets of experiments were conducted to analyze maximum biomass accumulation, phosphorus and nitrogen content in Acacia nilotica. The results of present investigation showed the maximum biomass accumulation, phosphorus and nitrogen content were achieved under soil treated with AM along with phosphate and nitrogenous fertilizers. In another set of experiment, the increased biomass accumulation, phosphorus and nitrogen content in Acacia nilotica were found under soil treated with AM along with phosphate fertilizer followed by soil treated with AM along with nitrogen fertilizer. It was comparatively lowerin soil treated only with AM fungi.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59412
Title: Studies on Progeny Performance, Variability, Heritability, Genetic Gain and Correlation in Ulmus Villosa Brandis at Seedling Stage.
Author: I. K. Thakur, Sapna Thakur, N. B. Singh, R. K. Gupta, J. P. Sharma, M. Sankanur.
Editor: P P Bhojvaid.
Year: 2014
Publisher: Indian Forester
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Indian Forester Vol. 140(no. 5) 483-488, 2014.
Subject: The Indian Forester
Keywords: Seed Source, Genetic Variability, Progeny, Biomass Traits, Correlation, Phenotypic, And Genotypic Correlations
Abstract: The present study on Ulmus villosa was carried out in Himachal Pradesh to know the progeny performance and estimate genetic variability for biomass traits of progenies at nursery stage. Seeds were collected from five mother trees each at six seed sources and progenies were raised. All the biomass characters varied significantly among different seed sources and trees within seed source. Root dry weight was found to have higher coefficient of variability, whereas shoot dry weight and shoot fresh weight had higher heritability with moderate genetic gain suggesting their importance for the success of improvement through selection. Genotypic and phenotypic correlations for all possible pairs were also found out and discussed. Highly significant and positive genotypic and phenotypic correlations were observed for fresh shoot weight with fresh root weight and fresh shoot weight with dry shoot weight indicating their significance in the indirect selection.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59411
Title: Pine Briquetting- An Endeavour for Green Fuel.
Author: J. C. Pandey, Prachi Gangwar, Naresh Kumar, Neena Grewal
Editor: P P Bhojvaid.
Year: 2014
Publisher: Indian Forester
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Indian Forester Vol. 140(no. 5) 478-482, 2014.
Subject: The Indian Forester
Keywords: Pine Briquetting, Charring, Combustion, Fuel Wood, Drudgery, Income Generation.
Abstract: The project introduced pine briquetting as a pioneer venture to meet the objective of reducing the drudgery of hill women and also the incidences of forest fires. Pine briquetting is an income generating activity where the user groups sell the briquettes in the village and in the nearby market. 260 Pine needle briquette making machines were installed in 283 revenue villages and 8020 households were provided smokeless stoves for domestic purposes. On an average, in a span of four years, 6526.2 Qt pine briquettes were produced by 3809 group members of which 1513.6 Qt briquettes were marketed and the beneficiaries earned a sum or Rs 15.97 Lac from this activity during the project period. Overall 76.81 per cent of briquettes are used domestically while only 23.19 per cent was marketed. The shifting of rural household from fuel wood to pine briquettes has reduced the fuel wood needs by 1.1 MT per year per household using it. An ideal alternative fuel, pine briquetting is also a good livelihood option for the beneficiaries because a wide range of its commercial usage exists.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59410
Title: Soil Organic Carbon Status of Indian forests.
Author: A. Velmurugan, Suresh Kumar, V. K. Dadhwal, M. K. Gupta.
Editor: P P Bhojvaid.
Year: 2014
Publisher: Indian Forester
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Indian Forester Vol. 140(no. 5) 468-477, 2014.
Subject: The Indian Forester
Keywords: Soil Organic Carbon (soc), Indian Forests, Carbon Flux, Carbon Sequestration.
Abstract: Soil organic carbon (SOC) is a major component of global carbon sinks and forests being one of the most important ecosystems for storing SOC. A database of SOC estimates along with other attribute information for different forest types of India were compiled from various literature sources and normalized for 1990 using modeling approach. Different thematic maps in digital format were prepared and harmonized using standard geospatial reference. The database was linked to thematic maps and used to estimate SOC densities and stock for three depth classes (0-25, 0-50 and 0-100 cm) in geographical information system. The mean soil organic carbon density estimates for top 30 cm ranged from 22.42 t/ha in sub-tropical dry evergreen forest to 100.33 t/ha in Himalayan moist temperate forest and similar trend was observed for top 0-50 and 0-100 cm as well. Soil organic carbon stock estimates for top 30 cm ranged from 1.89 Tg C in Himalayan dry temperate to 1406.68 Tg C in tropical moist deciduous forest and comparable trend was observed for top 0-50 and 0-100 cm. The total soil organic C pools in Indian forests have been estimated as 3.72, 5.25 and 7.66 Pg C in top 0-25, 0-50 and 0-100 cm soil depth respectively (1 Pg = 1000 Tg). The present database may form inputs in models to study carbon flux and help in prioritizing areas for carbon sequestration in Indian forests.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59409
Title: Biodrainage for Restoration of Canal Command Waterlogged Area in Indian Desert.
Author: N. Bala, G. Singh, N. K. Bohra, N. K. Limba, S. R. Baloch.
Editor: P P Bhojvaid.
Year: 2014
Publisher: Indian Forester
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Indian Forester Vol. 140(no. 5) 462-467, 2014.
Subject: The Indian Forester
Keywords: Biodrainage, Biomass, Eucalyptus Rudis, Transpiration, Waterlogging.
Abstract: An attempt was made to remove excess water from the land through bio-drainage and to increase vegetation cover and productivity of a waterlogged area in Indian desert. Area protection, soil working and plantation of Eucalyptus camaldulensis, E. fastigata, E. rudis and Corymbia tessellaris on raised bunds, improved vegetation cover with simultaneous decrease in water table. Performance of E. rudis was best with respect to growth, biomass, transpiration rate and overall bio-drainage potential. E. rudis maintained uniform transpiration and photosynthesis rate throughout the year. Ground water level receded by 145 cm in E. rudis plot compared to 90 cm, 70 cm and 60 cm in C. tessellaris, E. camaldulensis and E. fastigata respectively within a period of four and half year. Soil organic carbon, electrical conductivity, NH4 and NO3 - N were high in E. rudis and low in E. fastigata. The results suggests that E. rudis has high potential to be used as an efficient bio-drainage species in canal command waterlogged area of Indian desert. Apart from the planted species, Prosopis juliflora, Tamarix dioca and Saccharum munja also have come up in the area with recession of ground water table as natural succession and contributed significantly for further lowering of ground water table and increasing productivity.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59408
Title: Molecular Characterization of Promising Willow Clones Using Rapd Markers.
Author: N. B. Singh, Punit Choudhary, Santosh Joshi, D. K. Srivastava, J. P. Sharma.
Editor: P P Bhojvaid.
Year: 2014
Publisher: Indian Forester
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Indian Forester Vol. 140(no. 5) 456-461, 2014.
Subject: The Indian Forester
Keywords: RAPD, Willow, Genetic Diversity, Characterization, Polymorphism.
Abstract: Twenty-five promising willow (Salix spp.) clones were selected after nursery screening twice, collected from six countries. Genetic relatedness among the clones was estimated using RAPD markers. Out of 20 primers tested, 16 primers were selected based on the amplification of DNA. A total of 339 bands were scored of which 338 were polymorphic showing high (99.7%) rate of polymorphism. The similarity coefficient ranged from 0.71 to 0.87. These clones were grouped into six different clusters. Clone PN-733 (Salix nigra from New Zealand) appeared to be the most diverse (76 %) from rest of the genotypes on the basis of dendrogram. Maximum similarity (87%) was observed between clones SI-63-007 (S. alba from Italy) and V-99 (Salix alba X S. rubens from Croatia). RAPD analysis proved helpful for estimating the magnitude of genetic diversity at molecular level. The clustering further indicated that the geographic distribution may not be the true index of genetic diversity in willow clones. The marker system was found useful for developing unique fingerprints of three genotypes. On the basis of banding pattern RAPD ' s were effectively used for molecular characterization of willow clones used in this study.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None
ID: 59407
Title: Whether to ? : A Case for the Joint forest Management Model of Community forestry in West Bengal.
Author: Sudeep Budhaditya Deb.
Editor: P P Bhojvaid.
Year: 2014
Publisher: Indian Forester
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Indian Forester Vol. 140(no. 5) 448-455, 2014.
Subject: The Indian Forester
Keywords: Joint Forest Management, Redd+ Payments, Dispossession of Communities, Policy Reforms, Value Addition.
Abstract: "People-partnered, Govt.-owned" Joint Forest Management model of participatory benefit-sharing forest protection in India is under threat, even in West Bengal, where it had overwhelmingly been successful. Rising opportunity cost, due to the differential generated from spiraling appreciation in alternate use value of the forest lands and produce, vis?- vis stagnancy in the volume of accruable per-capita stipulated benefits available from protecting the forests, is one of the major deterrents in this respect. To offset this, the hypothetical possibility of enhancing benefits by linking this with the newly emerging financial avenues like the REDD+ payments regime, etc. has its limitations. Excessive value addition to these resources may attract risks of dispossession to the participating communities. Alongside this, forest-fringe community development, resulting from the on-going JFM-support programme, has caused economic upliftment of the people in certain areas, that has generated a potency towards greater community assertion. Thus in accordance with the Herzberg ' s Two-factor Theory, enhancement of benefits to the community should go hand in hand with policy reforms, ensuring greater devolution of tenural, benefit-sharing and other participatory rights, to sustain JFM regime into the future.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: None
Literature cited 2: None