ID: 60351
Title: Assessment of seasonal variation on water quality of dug wells of Edamulakkal Panchayat of Kollam District, Kerala, India.
Author: Anila George and V.R. Prakasam.
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: EM INTERNATIONAL
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Pollution Research vol.33 (2), 363-366 (2014)
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Dug well, Edamulakkal panchayat, Kerala, Water quality, Coliforms.
Abstract: A study was conducted to assess seasonal variation in physicochemical and microbiological quality of drinking water Edamulakkal panchayat in Kollam district of Kerala state. A total of 63 well water samples, 21 each during three different seasons, viz. pre-monsoon, monsoon and post monsoon were collected during the year 2007-2008 and analyzed for various physico-chemical parameters. All the water characteristics except pH, iron and coliforms were found within the quality tolerance limits of drinking water as per BIS. The amount of fluoride was below the desirable level.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: APHA, 1985. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Waste Water. American Public Health Association, Washington DC. BIS. 1991. Specifications for drinking water, IS: 10500: 1991 Bureau of Indian Standards. New Delhi.
Literature cited 2: Karanth, K.R.1987. Ground Water Assessment. Development and Management, Tata Mc Graw Hill Publications Company Limited, New Delhi. Laluraj, C.M., Gopinath, G. 2006. Assessment on seasonal variation of groundwater quality of phreatic aquifers-A river basin system. Environ.Monit.Assess. 117 (1-3): 45-57.


ID: 60350
Title: Fluoride and Fluorosis in India-drinking water source contamination in Chattisgarh
Author: Komal Kumari and Manish Upadhyay.
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: EM INTERNATIONAL
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Pollution Research vol.33 (2), 359-361 (2014)
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Surguja, Fluoride, Contamination, Drinking Water.
Abstract: Extensive surveys were undertaken to assess the status of fluoride distribution in drinking water sources of villages of surguja District in Chhattisgarh State. Surguja District is a great table land of numerous hills and plateau. The two important physiographic features of the district are the Mainpat Plateau and the Jamirpat Plateau. In surguja District all blocks are affected to fluoride above the permissible limits of World Health Organization (WHO) i.e. 1.5 mg/L. In Batoli block the maximum value of fluoride is 4.50 mg/L.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Bhasin, J.K. 2003. Fluorosis in children in rural areas of Rajasthan Prevention and Cure: International Conference on Water and Environment Bhopal Proceeding., pp 398-407. Bijlani, H.U. and Rao, P.S.N. 1990. Water Supply and Sanitation in India Oxford and IBH, New Delhi, 1990.
Literature cited 2: Chand, Dinesh. 1999. Fluoride and Human Health Cause for Concern. Indian J Env Prol 9 (2): 81-89. Choubisa, S.L. and Sompura, K. 1996. Dental Fluorosis in Tribal Villages of Dungarpur District (Rajasthan) Poll Res. 15: 45-47.


ID: 60349
Title: Experimental analysis of exhaust fan blade by using E-glass fiber reinforced E-waste polycarbonate: A review.
Author: A.G. Ganeshkumar, G. Ranganath, Channankaih and Y. Libin
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: EM INTERNATIONAL
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Pollution Research vol.33 (2), 353-358 (2014)
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: E-waste, Environmental problems, Recycling, E-glass fiber, Polycarbonate, Polymer composite, Hand lay-up method, Mechanical properties.
Abstract: E-waste has become an immediate and long term concern as its unregulated accumulation and recycling can lead to major environmental problems endangering human health. Reusing and recycling are the effective ways of dealing with E-wastes. While recycling appears to be safe method to utilize or dispose E-wastes, it can be a misleading characterization of disparate practices including dismantling, shredding, burning, exporting, etc. which are mostly unregulated and often create additional hazards itself. Polycarbonate in landfills is definitely an environmental nightmare. These wastes can be reduced by properly recycling and converting them into some useful products. This work deals with the proper reuse of compact disc waste polycarbonate. The fabrication of polymer composite exhaust fan blade made up of E-glass fiber reinforced with recycled polycarbonate and epoxy by hand lay-up method to be carried out. The benefits of changing to the new blade material particularly include better quality, greater resistance to corrosion, weight reduction and cost. The mechanical properties to be characterized by tensile strength, flexural strength, impact strength, wear rate tests and surface properties by Scanning Electron microscope analysis.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Agamuthu Pariatamby and Dennis Victor. 2013. Policy trends of E-waste management in Asia. Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management. 15 (4): 411-419. Christian Fischer 2011. The development and achievements of EU waste policy. Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management.3R International, Kyoto Workshop on 3R and Waste Management. 13: 2-9.
Literature cited 2: Drozdov, A.D., Al-Mulla, A. and Gupta, R.K. 2004. The effect of recycling on the time-dependent behavior of polycarbonate reinforced with short glass fibers. Composites Science and Technology. 64: 129-144. Ferenc Ronkay, 2013. Effect of Recycling on the Rheological, Mechanical and Optical Properties of Polycarbonate. Acta Polytechnical Hungarica. 10 (1): 209-220.


ID: 60348
Title: A comparative study on the physico chemical and bacterial analysis of drinking and bore well in the Bapuji Nagar (slum area) Solapur, Maharashtra, India.
Author: S.M. Pore and S.D. Randive.
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: EM INTERNATIONAL
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Pollution Research vol.33 (2), 347-352 (2014)
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Bapuji nagar, Coloforms, Physico-chemical and microbiological analysis, Permissible limits.
Abstract: In the present study, physico-chemical and microbiological characteristics of the drinking water, and bore well water were studied from Bapuji nagar (Solapur, Maharashtra) in 2013. Total 8 water samples were collected from different locations in and around study region. The physicochemical parameter like, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), Biochemical Oxygen demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen demand (COD), total hardness (TH), Alkalinity, chlorides, CO2 and microbial parameter like MPN, bacterial and fungal colonies were determined. Electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, total aerobic microbial count and most probable number were maximum in S-3 sample. pH, hardness and DO were observed higher in B-6, S-8, S-10, S-12-13 respectively. No coliforms were observed in samples S-6-9 and S-14-16. The results suggested that the bore well water samples collected from in and around study region was above the limit of WHO standards as compared to tap water. Pre treatment of these waters for drinking purpose is required as well as attention of Solapur Corporation is very important.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: APHA. Standard Methods for Examination of Water and Waste Water. 16th Edn. American public health association, Washington DC 1989. Cappuccino, J. G. and Natalic Sherma: A Laboratory Manual, Standard Qualitative Analysis of Water. 4th edn.Addison-Wesely Longman.InC.USA.pp.299.
Literature cited 2: Agarwal, G.D. and Kanan, G.K. 1996. Degradation of river to diffused activities and appropriate approach for management-A case study of river Mandakini.J.IAEM.23: 113-121. Shyamala R., Shanthi M. and Lalitha P. 2009. Physicochemical Analysis of Bore well Water Samples of Telungupalayam Area in Coimbatore District, Tamilnadu, India. Elect .J Chem. 5 (4): 924-929.


ID: 60347
Title: Column adsorption studies of a reactive dye using a novel polymer reinforced adsorbent.
Author: N.Gopal, M. Asaithambi, P. Sivakumar and V. Sivakumar.
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: EM INTERNATIONAL
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Pollution Research vol.33 (2), 341-347 (2014)
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Adsorption, Reactive Blue 19, Kinetic Models, Prosopis Juliflora and Polyaniline.
Abstract: A novel adsorbent was prepared by coating polyaniline over an activated carbon prepared from the seeds of Prosopis Juliflora using ZnCl2 as activating agent (PPAC). The adsorbent reinforced with polyaniline has good adsorption characteristics with a surface area of 1028 m2/ g. Column mode adsorption study was carried out by using PPAC as an adsorbent packed in a column for the removal of a reactive dye (Reactive Blue 19) from aqueous solution. The effect of operating parameters such as flow rate, bed height and inlet dye concentration on the sorption characteristics of RB 19 was investigated at room temperature (30?C) and the natural pH of dye solution. The kinetic models suggested by Thomas, Yoon-Nelson and Bohart-Adam were employed to study this adsorption system. Out of the three models tested for the adsorption of RB 19 onto PPAC column, the YN model provides excellent fit with very high r2 (0.9783 to 0.9955) and low Sd (0.10 to 0.65).
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Aksu, Z. 2005. Application of biosorption for the removal of orange pollutants: a review.Proc.Biochem. 40: 997-1026. Arami, M. Yousefi Limaee, N., Mahmoodi, N.M. and Salman Tabrizi, N. 2005. Removal of dyes from colored textile wastewater by orange peel adsorbent: equilibrium and kinetic studies.J.Colloid Interf.Sci. 288: 371-376.
Literature cited 2: Atun, G. Hisarli, G., Sheldrich, W.S. and Muhler, M. 2003. Adsorptive removal of methylene blue from colored effluents on fuller ' s earth.J.Colloid Interf.Sci. 261: 32-39. Berrios, M., Martin, M.A. and Martin, A. 2012. Treatment of pollutants in wastewater: adsorption of methylene blue onto olive-based activated carbon.J.Indus.Eng.Chem.18: 780-784.


ID: 60346
Title: Ecology and cost-limited restoration of Daha river for fish productivity.
Author: Sharad Chandra, Dazy Kumari and C.B. Tiwary.
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: EM INTERNATIONAL
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Pollution Research vol.33 (2), 337-340 (2014)
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Water quality, Sediment analysis, Restoration practices.
Abstract: Daha river, a threatened seasonal river of eutrophicated nature in the Gopalganj district of Bihar was studied for its degradation and possible restoration practices. The study revealed high rate of sedimentation and agricultural activities, changes in water quality and biotic community were observed. The agricultural activities have led to high input of N and P fertilizers along with pesticides being used by the farmers. The positives response of restoration practices was observed with partial improvement in fish-productivity due to hindrance factors acting upon severe fish species.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: APHA 1998. Standard Methods For The Examination Of Water and Waste Watershed. Washington, USA. Balon, E.K. 1975. Reproductive guilds of Fishes: A proposal and definition.J. fish Res. Board (Canada). 32: 821-864.
Literature cited 2: Downing, J.A., Plante, C. and Lalonde, S. 1990. Fish production correlated with primary productivity, not the morphoedaphic index.Can J. Fish aquat.Sci. 47: 1929-1936. Elser, J.J., Marzolf, E.R. and Goldman, C.R. 1990. Phosphorus and Nitrogen limitation in the freshwaters of North America; A review and critic of experimental enrichments. Can.J. Fish aquat Sci. 47: 1468-1477.


ID: 60345
Title: Water quality index for groundwater in Chennai, TamilNadu, India
Author: K.Dhanasekar and P. Partheeban.
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: EM INTERNATIONAL
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Pollution Research vol.33 (2), 327-335 (2014)
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Groundwater quality, Karayanchavadi, Physico-chemical parameters, water quality index, Water quality standards.
Abstract: A tremendous increase in the demand for freshwater due to rapid growth of population, urbanization and the accelerated pace of industrialization act as a main driving force for altering local and regional hydrology. It is noted that in Tamil Nadu, there is evidently much dependence on groundwater due to scarce surface water. Overexploitation of groundwater might lead to complex environmental situation. Hence, a thorough investigation of quality parameters is necessary to ensure the potability of water. The objective of the present study is to analyze the various parameters of ground water and to assess the quality of ground water using water quality index for the region of Karayanchavadi in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. The study area has been categorized as Residential, Residential with Part Industry, Residential with Part Crop Cultivation area and Crop Cultivable area. Groundwater samples were collected from each zone for two years duration and analyzed for physico-chemical parameters following standard methods and procedures. The results obtained are compared with WHO standards. The results of the study reveal that most of the parameters in the study area are within the permissible limits. Water Quality Index suggests that water is suitable for domestic purposes.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: APHA, 1998. Standard Methods for Examination of Water and Sewage. American Public Health Association, 17th Edition, Washington, DC. Balakrishnan, T. 2008. Technical Report Series. District Groundwater Brochure for Chennai District, Tamilnadu. 1-3.
Literature cited 2: Boyacioglu, 2007. Development of a Water Quality Index based on a European Classification Scheme. Water SA, 33 (1): 101-106. Dhanasekar, K. and Partheban, P. 2012. Assessment of physico-Chemical Characteristics of Groundwater in Chennai, Nature Environment and Pollution Technology. 11 (4): 705-709.


ID: 60344
Title: Cytogenetic assessment of Pyrethroid on blue rock pigeon.
Author: Soma Bhowmick and Vijay KR. Singh.
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: EM INTERNATIONAL
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Pollution Research vol.33 (2), 323-325 (2014)
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Pyrethroid, Fenvalerate, Comet assay, Columbia livia, Bone marrow.
Abstract: The wide use of pyrethroids possesses an inevitable damage to non-targeted organisms/species. Fenvalerate is one such insecticide, whose increased usage can be indirectly harmful to wildlife. In this study effort has been made to detect chromosomal aberrations and single cell DNA strand break (comet assay), on blue rock pigeon (Columbia livia) induced by fenvalerate. Sublethal doses of fenvalerate for acute (1and 2 day) and chronic (15, 30 and 60 days) exposures were given orally. Bone marrow was collected from femur of blue rock pigeon and DNA damage was studied. Significant damage was observed when compared to control birds, which were treated with groundnut oil only. The present study shows genotoxic effect of fenvalerate on non-targeted organisms.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Amer, S.M. and Aboulela, E.I. 1985. Cytogenetic effect of pesticides.III.Induction of micronuclei in mouse bone narrow by the insecticides cypermethrin and rotenone. J.Mut. Res. 155: 135-142. Agarwal, D.K., L.K.S Chauhan, S.K., Gupta and V. Sundararaman. 1994. Cytogenetic effects of deltamethrin on rat bonemarrow. Mutation Research. 311: 133-8
Literature cited 2: Bhunya, S.P., and Pati, P.C. 1990. Effect of deltamethrin, a synthetic pyrethroid, on the induction of chromosome aberrations, micronuclei and sperm abnormalities in mice. Mutagenesis. 5: 229-232. Celik, A., B. Mazmanci, Y. Camhea, A. Askin and U. Comelekoglu. 2003. Cytogenetic effects lambda-cyhalothrin on wistar rat bone marrow. Mutation Research. 539-91-7.


ID: 60343
Title: Identification of anthropogenic influences on water quality of Kengeri Lake, Bangalore, India.
Author: N.Latha and M. Ramachanddra Mohan
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: EM INTERNATIONAL
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Pollution Research vol.33 (2), 315-322 (2014)
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Eutrophication, Flora, Fauna, Nitrate, Phosphate.
Abstract: Kengeri lake lies on Magadi hill range of Bangalore in India, it has undergone a progressive increase in eutrophication as a direct effect of receiving continuous agricultural and domestic effluents from land drainage and anthropological shifting. The most important parameters affecting the water quality are; TDS, pH, DO, BOD, nitrates and organic phosphates. Values of all these parameters are much more above the WHO standards; due to this the environmental conditions are unsuitable for the flora and fauna. The highest temperature during summer season, pH lies in the alkaline side in summer months. Further other parameters like electrical conductivity, sulphates, total hardness and turbidity values showed an increasing trend. All the above mentioned information revealed that the environmental parameter of Kangeri lake undergo continuous change due to climate change and entry of drainage. Therefore the main objectives of the present work are to study the present status of the lake and the effect
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Abdo, M.H. 2002. Environmental studies on Rosetta branch and some chemical application at the area extends from El-Kanater to Kafr-El-Zyat city.Ph.D. thesis, Fac.of Sci.Ain Shams Univ., Cario, Egypt. Abdo, M.H. 2004. Environmental studies on the river Nile at Damietta branch region, Egypt.J.Egypt Acad.Soc.Environ. Develop., (D-Environmental Studies). 5 (2): 85-104.
Literature cited 2: Akuskar, S.K. and Gaikwad, A.V. 2006. Physicochemical analysis of Manjara dam backwater of Manjara River, Dhanegaon, Maharashtra, India.Ecol.Env. and Cons. 12 (1): 73-74. Ananthan, G., Ganesan, G.M., Sampath Kumar, P., Mathevan Pillai and Kannan, L. 1992. Distribution of trace metals in water, sediments and plankton of the Vellar estuary. Seaweed Research and Utilization Association. 15 (1&2): 69-75.


ID: 60342
Title: Adsorptive removal of colocid blue (CAB) dye from aqueous solutions using a non conventional low cost adsorbent.
Author: V.Sivakumar, M.Asaithambi, N.Gopal and P. Sivakumar.
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: EM INTERNATIONAL
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Pollution Research vol.33 (2), 303-314 (2014)
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Adsorbent, Adsorbate, Isotherm, Kinetics.
Abstract: A low cost adsorbent was synthesized from Martynia annua, L. using phosphoric acid as an activating agent and it was applied for the removal of Colocid Blue FF DC (CAB) dye from aqueous solutions. The BET surface area of the adsorbent was found to be 401.103 m2/g. The adsorption capacity of the carbon was also investigated at different contact times, pH, temperature and initial dye concentrations. The dye removal increased at respective pHzpc density of the carbon. The equilibrium adsorption data were analysed using Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R), Halsey and Harkins-Jura isotherm models. Pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, Elovich and intraparticle diffusion models were applied to test the kinetic data. The process of removal of CAB was better governed by pseudo-second order kinetics with a high correlation coefficient value (0.9921) for an initial concentration of 10 mg/L. The value of thermodynamics parameters such as standard free energy change (?G?), standard enthalpy (?H?), and standard entropy (?S?) were evaluated and it indicates the feasibility and spontaneity of the adsorption process.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Chitour, C.E. 1994. Physicochemistry of the Surfaces.Algerian Office of University Publictions (OPU). Algeria. Crini, G. 2006. Non-conventional low-cost adsorbents for dye removal: a review. Bioresour. Technol. 97: 1061-1085.
Literature cited 2: Haghseresht, F. and Lu, G. 1998. Adsorption characteristics of phenolic compounds onto coal-reject derived adsorbents. Energy Fuels 12: 1100-1107. Hassina Zaghuane-Boudiaf and Mok htar Boutahala.2011. Adsorption of 2, 4, 5-trichlorophenol by organo-montmorillonites from aqueous solutions: kinetics and equilibrium.Chem.Eng.J. 170: 120-126.


ID: 60341
Title: Co-processing of textile dyeing industry ETP sludge in cement industry-A case study.
Author: R.Rajamanickam and S. Nagan
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: EM INTERNATIONAL
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Pollution Research vol.33 (2), 295-302 (2014)
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Textile dyeing industry, ETP sludge, Co-processing, Cement industry.
Abstract: Cement production consumes large amounts of both raw materials and fuel and produces substantial CO2 emissions. The use of alternative fuels and raw materials in cement manufacturing can reduce the amount of fossil fuels and virgin raw materials needed, and thus reduce overall environmental impact of the operations. These alternative materials may be either by-products from other industrial processes, or waste streams such as municipal solid waste, sewage sludge, ETP sludge, discarded tyres and plastics. In the State of Tamil Nadu in India, large number of textile dyeing units are in operation in Tiruppur, Erode, Namakkal and Karur districts. These units generate huge quantity of sludge from the treatment of trade effluent, which is categorized as hazardous waste needs to be disposal properly. M/s. Ultra Tech Cement Limited, Reddipalayam, Ariyalur District carried out a trial run of co-procesing of textile dyeing industry ETP sludge in their cement plant. The trial study reveals that there is no significant variation in the quality of stack emission, ambient air quality, clinker composition, and the physical strength of cement. There is no leaching of heavy metals from the clinker .This also conserves the raw material (lime stone) consumption. Thus co-processing of textile dyeing industry ETP sludge in the cement industry is a sustainable development concept based on the principle of making one industry ' s waste another ' s raw material.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Central Zonal Office, CPCB, Bhopal, 2010-11. ' Report on co-incineration of hazardous waste in cement kilns in central zone, ' 2010-2011. CII, 2012 White Paper on increasing co-processing in Indian Cement Plants, ' June, 2012.
Literature cited 2: CPCB, 2010. ' Guidelines on Co-processing in Cement Power Steel Industry ' February 2010. CPCB, 2010.Pollution Control Acts, Rules and Notifications Issued Thereunder. Pollution Control Law Series: PCLS/02/2010 (Six Edition), June, 2010.


ID: 60340
Title: Air quality modeling and its health impact along the national highway 7 in Tamil Nadu, India.
Author: P.Shiyamala Devi and G. Vimala Rosaline.
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: EM INTERNATIONAL
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Pollution Research vol.33 (2), 285-293 (2014)
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Air pollution, AQI, Regression Modeling, Traffic Volume, Vehicular emissions.
Abstract: Vehicular pollution control deserves top priority as the air pollution load in urban areas experience an increasing trend. Highway expansion from 2 lane to 4 lane was envisaged to reduce the peak traffic jam in the daily traffic volume along the National Highway 7 in Tamil Nadu. One of the main reasons for selecting the Salem-Namkkal stretch of National Highway 7 in Tamil Nadu for this study is because of the emergence of 12numbers of schools, 3 numbers of educational institutions and a hospital adjacent to the study area with no sound proof facilities from exposure to traffic emissions. This study emphasizes on the possible health impacts due to the degradation in air quality. The linear regression model is used for air quality modeling along National Highway 7 and is validated by the observed values of the concentrations of NO2, SO2 and PM10 and NO2 resulted in a hike from Pre projected to Post project, while the SO2 concentration were well within the permissible values.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Air Quality Index (AQI) -A Guide to Air Quality and Your Health. 9 December 2011. Retrieved 8 August 2012. USEPA. Aron, R. and Aron, I.M. 1978. Statistical forecasting models: I. Carbon monoxide concentrations in the Los Angeles basin. Journal of Air Pollution Control Association. 28: 681-684.
Literature cited 2: Aron, R.1984. Models for estimating current and future sulphur dioxide concentrations in Taipei. Bulletin of Geophysics 25: 47-52. Brauer, M., Hoek, G., Van Vliet, P., Meliefste, K., Fischer, P.H. and Wijga, A. 2002. Air Pollution from traffic and the development of respiratory infections and asthmatic and allergic symptoms in children. AM JRespir Crit Care Med 166: 1092-1098.


ID: 60339
Title: Chromium (III) and chromium (VI) in relation to human physiology: A review.
Author: Pankaj Verma, Sharad Chandra Srivastava and Madhu Tripathi.
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: EM INTERNATIONAL
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Pollution Research vol.33 (2), 281-284 (2014)
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Chromium, Industrial discharge, Bioremediation, Toxicity.
Abstract: Chromium is an essential element for human body. It is the present naturally in onions, tomatoes, oysters, whole grains, bran cereals, and potatoes. It controls level of sugar in human body by interacting with insulin. The most common form of chromium is chromium (III) and chromium (VI). When level of chromium exceeds than the permissible or acceptable limit, then it creates adverse effect on human physiology. Out of most common states, chromium (VI) is highly toxic than chromium (III). Now chromium is widely used in leather industry as a tanning agent. During the tanning process some part of chromium salts discharged as such in aquatic environment that create various health hazards in human beings. To overcome the problem of chromium toxicity, various techniques are used but advance processes like bioremediation, nanotechnology, absorption, and adsorption are very useful in reduction of toxic level of chromium.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: Alexander, K.T.W., Corning, D.R., Cory, N.J., Donohue, V.J. and Sykes, R.L. 1991. Environmental and safety issues-clean technology and environmental auditing.J.Soc.Leather Technol.Chem. 76 (1): 17-23. ATSDR., 2000.Agency for toxic Substances and Disease Registry 2000. Toxicological Profile for Chromium.www.Im.doe.gov/cercla/documents/rockyflats_docs/?/SW-A-005935.pdf.
Literature cited 2: Baselt and Randall, C. 2008. Disposition of Toxic Drugs and Chemicals in Man (8th ed). Foster City: Biomedical Publications. 305-307. Belay, A.A., 2010. Impacts of Chromium from Tannery Effluent and Evaluation of Alternative Treatment Options.J. of Enviro.Prot, 53-58.


ID: 60338
Title: Biosorption efficiency of Syzgium Cumini (L) Bark for removal of hexavalent Chromium from contaminated waters.
Author: Supriya Singh, Alka Tripathi, SK Srivastava and Ram Prakash.
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: EM INTERNATIONAL
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Pollution Research vol.33 (2), 271-279(2014)
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Biosorption, Syzygium cumini (L) bark, Hexavalent chromium
Abstract: Heavy metals such as chromium, mercury, lead, cadmium, etc., in wastewater are hazardous to the environment because of their toxicity and pollution effects on our ecosystem. Among the different heavy metals, chromium (VI) is a common and very toxic pollutant introduced into natural waters from a variety of industrial wastewaters. The Chromium (VI) discharged from various industries has potential to contaminate drinking water sources and is one of the effective techniques for chromium (VI) removal from wastewater. In the p[resent study, adsorbent has been prepared from Syzgium cumini (L.) bark and studies are carried out of chromium (VI) removal. The parameters investigated in this study are contact time, adsorbent dosage, temperature, variable initial chromium (VI) concentration and pH using Diphenyl carbazide as color developing reagent and taking the absorbance at 540 nm spectrophotometrically. The adsorption process of chromium (VI) is tested with Linear, Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Application of the Langmuir isotherm to the systems yielded maximum adsorption capacity of 31.51 mg/g at the solution pH of 7 having Cr (VI) concentration 50 mg/L biosorbent dose 1g/L. The adsorption of chromium (VI) was found to be maximum 95.63 % at low pH values of 2 Cr (VI) concentration 50 mg/L and biosorbent dose 1g/L. The contact time of 60 min resulted to the 55.28 % adsorption of metal in 50 mg/L solution using adsorbent dose of 1g/L and can be used for removal of chromium (VI) from the polluted water as very low cost biosorbent. The FTIR carried out shows the increase in intensity of adsorption peaks of biosorbent after hexavalent chromium adsorption.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: APHA. Standard Methods for the Examination of Waste and Wastewater, 1995.19th ed., American Public Health Association, Washington, D.C. Ayyanar, M. and Pandurangan, S.B. 2012. Syzgium cumini (L) Skeels: A review of its phytochemical constituents and traditional uses Asian Pac Trop Biomed. 2(3): 240-246.
Literature cited 2: Bai, R.S. and Abraham, E. 2003. Studies on chromium (VI) adsorption-desorption using immobilized fungal biomass. Bioresource Technology 87 (1): 17-26 Bailey, S.E., Olin, T.J., Bricka, R.M. and Adrian, D. 1999. A review of potentially low-cost sorbents for heavy metals. Water Research 33 (11): 2469-2479.


ID: 60337
Title: Assessment of water quality and major threats to Morna reservoir in Western Ghats (M.S.) India.
Author: M.R. Abdar.
Editor: Dr. R.K. Trivedy
Year: 2014
Publisher: EM INTERNATIONAL
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Pollution Research vol.33 (2), 266-270 (2014)
Subject: Pollution Research
Keywords: Morna reservoir, Physico-chemical characteristics, Trophic status, Western Ghats, zooplankton.
Abstract: Morna reservoir, a small inland reservoir located in Sangli district Maharashtra state, India is constructed over Morna River in the basin of Krishna. The physico-chemical characteristics, trophic status, planktonic analysis of Morna Reservoir have been studied from April 2007 to March 2009. The nutrients including Silicate (2.5 to 8.25 mgL-1), Sulphates (1.7 to 8.8 mg L-1), nitrates (0.011 to 0.034 mgL-1), Phosphates (0.022 to 0.55 mgL-1), and potassium (3.25 to 5.7 mg L-1) are in sufficient quantities which favored the growth of plankton. The presence of Cyanophyceae, Bacillariophyceae, Euglenophyceae and some species of zooplankton like rotifers, clacocerans, copepods and ostracods were recorded during the study period. The value calculated for the Simpson ' s index of diversity of phytoplankton (0.688) and zooplankton (0.629) indicated a diversity of zooplankton in the reservoir is under category of mesotrophic water body slightly inclined towards eutrophication. Therefore, the conservation and management of this water body is urgently required.
Location: TE 15 New Biology Building
Literature cited 1: APHA. 1995. Standard methods for examination of water and wastewater, Nineteenth Edition, Washington D.C. Battis, S.K. 1998. Freshwater zooplankton of India. Oxford and IBH publication co-pvt.Ltd., 1-23.
Literature cited 2: Das, A.K. 2000. Limno-Chemistry of some Andhra Pradesh Reservoirs. J. Inland Fish Soc..India, 32: 37-44. Devaraju, T.M., Venkatesh, M.G. and Singh, S.2005.Studies on physico-chemical parameters of Muddur lake with reference to sustability for aquaculture.Nat.Environ. Poll.Tech, 4: 287-290.