ID: 65341
Title: A Case-Control Study On Pulmonary Parameters And Pulmonary Diseases Among The Bus Drivers
Author: Amitava Pal, Rishna Dalui and Sourav Manna
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2021
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 41 (3) March. 21 page 340-346 2021.
Subject: A Case-Control Study On Pulmonary Parameters And Pulmonary Diseases Among The Bus Drivers
Keywords: Automobile emission, Duration of exposure, Smoking, Respiratory impairment
Abstract: Drivers are exposed to significant amounts of health-damaging air pollutants. The aim of the present investigation was to study the risk of respiratory disorders among professional bus drivers. This case-control study was carried out on 170 bus drivers and 94 control groups. Work history, respiratory symptoms, smoking habit, etc., were recorded. Lung function parameters of the participants were determined by a portable spirometer. The pulmonary parameters of bus drivers were significantly lower than those of controls. Lung function indices of the drivers decline with an increase of duration of exposure. A significant decline in lung function parameter was observed among smokers compared to non-smokers. The prevalence of different respiratory symptoms among bus drivers was significantly higher than that of control participants. The risks of restrictive and chronic obstructive pulmonary disorders among bus drivers were 9.31 times and 2.83 times higher than that of control participants, respectively. The likelihood of having a dry cough, productive cough, chest tightness, dyspnea and chest pain were significantly higher among bus drivers than the controls. The present study revealed that exposure to vehicle emissions leads to a significant risk of different pulmonary disorder among professional drivers. Driving with a smoking habit can be termed as a dreadful combination with respect to pulmonary health.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Künzli, N., et al. 2000. Public-health impact of outdoor and traffic-related air pollution: A European assessment. Lancet. 356: 795-801.
WHO. 2018. Burden of disease from ambient air pollution for 2016. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
Literature cited 2: Tang, J., et al. 2019. Assessing the impact of vehicle speed limits and fleet composition on air quality near a school. Int. J. Env. Res. Public Health. 16(1): 149. DOI:10.3390/ijerph16010149.
Srivastava, R. K., N. Saxena and G. Geeta. 2013. Air pollution due to road transportation in India: A review on assessment and reduction strategies. J. Env. Res. Develop., 8(1): 69-77.
ID: 65340
Title: Methyl Geranate: A Novel Quorum Quencher As An Anticorrosion Agent To Prevent Metal Biocorrosion
Author: Issac Abraham Sybiya Vasantha Packiavathy, Gnanasekaran Gnanaselvan, Arunachalam Kannapan, Dharmadhas Jeba Sweetly and Arumugam Veera Ravi
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2021
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 41 (3) March. 21 page 333-339 2021.
Subject: Methyl Geranate: A Novel Quorum Quencher As An Anticorrosion Agent To Prevent Metal Biocorrosion
Keywords: Biofilm, Biocorrosion, Quorum sensing, Quorum quenching, Methyl geranate
Abstract: Microbial colonization causes damage to the integrity of metal surfaces which lead to microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC). Consequently, it becomes a serious problem for aquatic and marine industries globally. Despite the availability of biocides to control corrosion, most of them are ineffective due to its toxicity. Hence, to address the problems with toxic biocides, in the present study, the anticorrosion activity of a quorum quencher molecule methyl geranate (MG) known to interfere with bacterial signaling was investigated. Experimental stainless steel (SS-316) coupons were submerged in pond water for 10-30 days in the laboratory. Biocorrosion was evaluated by determining the structure of the biofilm covered on stainless steel (SS 316) coupons submerged in pond water by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and fluorescence microscopy imaging of the coupon surface. Adding up, MG significantly reduced the secretion of biofilm EPS by 57% without affecting the bacterial growth. MG treated stainless steel coupons indicated the reduced oxygen reduction current at the metal surface as evident from applied electrode potential measurements which was associated with significant changes in the composition of bacterial biofilms on the steel surfaces. These results demonstrate the potential of the quorum quencher MG to prevent biocorrosion on metal surface.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Huang, S., et al. 2019. Evaluation of biological and enzymatic quorum quencher coating additives to reduce biocorrosion of steel. PloS One. 14(5).
Zuo, R. 2007. Biofilms: Strategies for metal corrosion inhibition employing microorganisms. Appl. Microbiol. Biotech., 76(6): 1245-1253.
Literature cited 2: Coetser, S. E. and T. E. Cloete. 2005. Biofouling and biocorrosion in industrial water systems. Critical Reviews Microbiol., 31(4): 213-232.
Little, B., et al. 1990. Microbiologically influenced corrosion in copper and nickel seawater piping systems. Mar. Tech. Soc. J., 24: 10-17.
ID: 65339
Title: Adsorption of wastewater using green nanoparticles synthesiszed from Murraya Koenigii and Coariandrum sativum
Author: Sekar Priyanka, Sreekumari Venugopal Athira, Raghupathhy Shreevashwanth and Anbu Aravazhi Arunkumar
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2021
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 41 (3) March. 21 page 325-332 2021.
Subject: Adsorption of wastewater using green nanoparticles synthesiszed from Murraya Koenigii and Coariandrum sativum
Keywords: Wastewater, Nanoparticles, Curry leaves, Coriander leaves, FTIR, Adsorption
Abstract: Nanoparticles are usually synthesized from metals, such as silver, gold, platinum, copper and zinc. There are several methods used for the synthesis of nanoparticles, such as physical, chemical and biological. People all over the world use different kinds of personal care products (PCPs), like soaps, sunscreen lotions, hair styling products, hair removers, shampoos, conditioners, moisturizers, anti-agers, nail and cuticle care products, oral care including toothpaste and whiteners. Curry leaves are part of a regular diet in India and many parts of the world, it may also serve as a possible nutritional intervention and the extract itself or fractions obtained there from may be used also as a future nutritional supplement to combat oxidative stress-induced tissue damage in the people exposed to lead. Plant mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles and the study of their size and properties are of fundamental importance in the advancement of recent research. The size and shape of the nanoparticles form a basis for the wide variety of applications. In the present study, biosynthesis and characterization (UV-visible spectroscopy and FTIR) of green nanoparticles from aqueous extract of curry leaves (Murraya Koenigii) and coriander leaves (Coriandrum sativum) was performed and the same was subjected to adsorption studies for wastewater treatment to find out the optimum pH, dosage and time of action for effective removal. The initial absorbance value of household wastewater was 0.788. After treating with zinc nanoparticle synthesised from curry and coriander leaf extract was found to be 0.422 and 0.615, respectively. In this, Murraya koenigii (curry leaves) proves more efficient for treating household wastewater.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Ashtaputrey. 2017. Green synthesis and characterization of copper nanoparticles derived from Murraya koenigii leaves extract. J. Chem. Pharmaceutical Sci., 10(3): 1288-1291.
Goutam. 2017. Coriander extract mediated green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles and their structural, optical and antibacterial properties. J. Nanosci. Tech., 3(1): 249-252.
Literature cited 2: Siregar. 2017. Characteristics and free radical scavenging activity of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanopar-ticles derived from extract of coriander (Corian-drum sativum L.). Terakreditasi. 17(3): 144-150.
Agrawal, S. 2018. Silver nanoparticles and its potential applications. J. Pharmacognosy Phyto-chem., 7(2): 930-937.
ID: 65338
Title: Case Study And Analysis On Reduction Of Solid Waste At Compost Yard In Coimbatore City Municipal Corporation
Author: M. Natarajan and T. Hemalatha
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2021
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 41 (3) March. 21 page 320-324 2021.
Subject: Case Study And Analysis On Reduction Of Solid Waste At Compost Yard In Coimbatore City Municipal Corporation
Keywords: Solid waste management, Biological problems, physico-chemical problems, Hazardous wastes
Abstract: Collecting, treating and disposing of a discarded solid material is called solid waste management. Wastes heap up causing problems due to improper waste disposal systems by waste management teams. Biological and physico-chemical problems are caused to the environment due to the solid wastes from companies, like toxic metals, hazardous wastes and chemicals. When hazardous wastes, like pesticides, batteries containing lead, mercury or zinc, e-waste and plastics are mixed up with paper and other scraps, dioxins are produced and causes various diseases like cancer. The hazardous wastes usually mix up with other ordinary garbage and flammable wastes while amassing solid waste thus these results in the risky disposal process. Another waste management method is proposed in Coimbatore City Municipal Corporation as a case study for the reduction of solid waste at compost yard.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Agrawal, A. 2017. Solid waste management of Indore city: A review. Int. Res. J. Eng. Tech., 4(11): 20-25.
Ahsan, et al. 2014. Assessment of municipal solid waste management system in a developing country. Chinese J. Eng. DOI: 10. 1155/2014/561935.
Literature cited 2: Kerstin, H. 2016. The gold in garbage: Implementing a waste segregation and recycling initiative. Assoc. PeriOperative Registered Nurses J., 103(3): 316. DOI: 10.1016/j.aorn.2016.01.014.
Pinjing, H., et al. 2019. Municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill: A source of microplastics? Evidence of microplastics in landfill leachate. Water Res., 159.
ID: 65337
Title: Case Study And Analysis Of Water Supply System For Pillur Water Supply Improvement Scheme’s Area
Author: N. Balasundaram and M. Shanmugam
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2021
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 41 (3) March. 21 page 314-319 2021.
Subject: Case Study And Analysis Of Water Supply System For Pillur Water Supply Improvement Scheme’s Area
Keywords: Water supply, Water treatment, Pillur, Bhavani river
Abstract: Sufficient water of appropriate quality and quantity has been one of the most important issues in human history. People began to transport water from other locations to their communities. A water supply system consists of infrastructure that collects, treats, stores and distributes water between water sources and consumers. This project concerns the design of urban and rural water distribution system in Coimbatore and Tiruppur districts. Sedimentation, aeration, filtration, chlorination of raw water is the main treatment in the collection of raw water from Pillur reservoir through Headworks. Clear water pumping main and distribution of treated water to the public is ensured.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Danazumi, S. and M. H. Bichi. 2010. Industrial pollution and implication on source of water supply in Kano, Nigeria. Int. J. Eng. Tech., 10(1): 101-109.
Ssozi-Mugarura, F., E. Blake and U. Rivett. 2015. Designing for sustainability: Involving communities in developing ICT interventions to support water resource management. In IST-Africa Conference. Proceedings, pp 1-8.
Literature cited 2: Desai, N. and D. B. Ld. 2015. Software sensor for potable water quality through qualitative and quantitative analysis using artificial intelligence. In IEEE Tech. Innovation in ICT for Agriculture and Rural Development (TIAR). Proceedings, pp 208-213.
Xichang, W. 2015. An applied research in the rural landscape of rainwater collection system based on the concept of LID. In International Conference on Intelligent transportation, big data and smart city. Proceedings, pp 72-75.
ID: 65336
Title: Repair And Rehabilitation Of Amaravathy Dam In Tiruppur District: Case Study
Author: V. Johnpaul, S. Muthukumar and R. Sindhu
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2021
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 41 (3) March. 21 page 308-313 2021.
Subject: Repair And Rehabilitation Of Amaravathy Dam In Tiruppur District: Case Study
Keywords: Amaravathy dam, Repair and rehabilitation of dam structure, Seepage, Reaming, Epoxy coating
Abstract: Irrigation is the backbone of the Indian economy which is the cornerstone in Tamil Nadu agriculture development on which the livelihood of more than 60% of the population is depending on it. In Tiruppur district, Tamil Nadu, Amaravathy Dam was constructed across the Amaravathy river during the year 1953-58 for the benefit of irrigating the 22116 ha of irrigation land and basic domestic water needs in Tiruppur and Karur district. Amaravathy Dam is a composite structure made with both earthern type and masonry types dam. The dam was in service for the past 7 decades. So, the dam has been affected by seepage water through dam structures. Rehabilitation of structures in dam components is the need of the hour. Seepage is the main problem in the masonry portion of this dam and chokage in drainage systems. Repairing or rehabilitating the dam structure will enhance the life and durability of the structure. Reconstruction of chute and toe drains is also considered as effective. In this article, detailed study has been carried out to control the seepage and chokage problems in the dam structure, methods, like reaming, epoxy coating and injection grouting are followed.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Joji, A., et al. 2016. Spillway design for a composite dam. Int. Res. J. Eng. Tech., 3(4): 2557-2564.
Bengi, A., et al. 2015. Strengthening of brick masonry with PVA fiber reinforced cement stucco. Construction Building Mater., 75(3): 255-262.
Literature cited 2: Carastoian, A. 2015. Unsaturated slope stability and seepage analysis of a dam. J. Sustainable Solutions Energy Env., 85: 93-98.
Chandra, S., et al. 2004. Causes of seepage water in drainage and grouting galleries of the Pandoh dam, Central Himalaya. J. Bull Eng. Geol. Env., 63: 19-23.
ID: 65335
Title: A Case Study On Smart Water Management With ‘AMR’ Solution In Coimbatore Corporation
Author: N. Balasundaram and A. Senthil Baskar
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2021
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 41 (3) March. 21 page 303-307 2021.
Subject: A Case Study On Smart Water Management With ‘AMR’ Solution In Coimbatore Corporation
Keywords: Automatic meter reading, Smart water meter, Meter reading, Bulk water supply reading, Treated water
Abstract: The present study focused on minimization of loss of treated potable water and loss of revenue. By utilizing the technology of the smart water management system, by using automatic meter reading, it was proved efficient and profitable. A huge amount of money was being wasted on treatment plants, storage and maintenance. To have control over the usage of treated water, water was supplied uniformly in limited quantity through meters. This study was less tedious than older ones, as it needed less manpower and helps to know the quantum of water actually discharged. The smart water management systems help us, to minimise the loss of water and revenue. From the result obtained from the sample study, it was decided to implement this automatic meter reading (AMR) technology to the entire Coimbatore Corporation.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Soldevilaa, A., et al. 2017. Sensor placement for classifier, water distribution networks. Digital Versatile Meter., 215: 1490-1502.
Beal. C.D. and J. Flynn. 2014. Toward the digital water age: Survey and case studies of Australian water utility smart-metering programmes. Utilities Policy. 32: 29-37.
Literature cited 2: Campbell, E., et al. 2014. Water supply network sectorization based on social networks community detection algorithms. 16th Conference on Water distribution system analysis (WDSA 2014). Procedia Eng., 89: 1208-1215.
Cara, D., et al. 2013. A novel mixed method smart metering approach to reconciling differences between perceived and actual residential end use water consumption. J. Cleaner Prod., 60: 116-128.
ID: 65334
Title: In-vivo Nitrate Reductase Activity Of Marine Angiosperm Halodule pinifolia (Miki) Hartog
Author: Gunabalan Gunasekaran1, Saravanakumar Ayyappan1, Asaithambi Kalaiselvi2 and Jeyapragash Danaraj1,
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2021
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 41 (3) March. 21 page 298-302 2021.
Subject: In-vivo Nitrate Reductase Activity Of Marine Angiosperm Halodule pinifolia (Miki) Hartog
Keywords: Halodule pinifolia, Enzyme, Nitrate reductase, Propanol, Pre-treatment
Abstract: Halodule pinifolia, a marine angiosperm collected from the Gulf of Mannar were assayed for nitrate reductase activity in order to determine the nitrate as a sole nitrogen source. Roots, rhizomes and leaves of H. pinifolia were used in the present study and the activity observed was very low. Pre-treatment of plant parts with varying concentration of nitrate did not induce higher nitrate reductase activity. Roots at a concentration of 100 µM NaNO3 showed the maximum nitrate reductase activity (21.9 x 10-9 equiv. NO2/h.gfr.wt), followed by the leaf part at a concentration of 100 µM NaNO3 (19.65 x 10-9 equiv. NO2/h.gfr.wt). Nitrate reductase activity was not significantly influenced by varying the nitrate and propanol concentrations or pH of the assay medium. Present findings conclude that H. pinifolia does not use nitrate as a sole nitrogen source for their growth and might undergo other mechanisms, such as N2 fixation and/or ammonium uptake to reach their growth and productivity in the marine environment.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Chapman, D. J. and P. J. Harrison. 1988. Nitrogen metabolism and measurement of nitrate reductase activity. In Experimental phycology. A laboratory manual. Ed. C. S. Lobban, D. J. Chapman and B. Kremer. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. pp 196-202.
Beevers, L. and R. H. Hageman. 1969. Nitrate reduction in higher plants. Annual Rev. Plant Physiol., 20: 495-522.
Literature cited 2: Lea, P. J. and R. C. Leegood. 1995. Plant biochemistry and molecular biology. John Wiley and Sons, New York. pp 230-247.
Chow, F. C., V. F. R. Fernanda and M. C. D. E. Oliveira. 2007. Characterization of nitrate reductase activity in vitro in Gracilaria caudata J. Agardh. (Rhodophyta and Gracilariales) Revista. Brazilian Bot., 30(1): 123-129.
ID: 65333
Title: Evaluation Of Micro-irrigation With Automation Techniques: Case Study
Author: V. Johnpaul, N. Jayakumar and R. Sindhu
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2021
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 41 (3) March. 21 page 293-297 2021.
Subject: Evaluation Of Micro-irrigation With Automation Techniques: Case Study
Keywords: Micro-irrigation, Automated irrigation technique, Irrigation, Parambikulam Aliyar project
Abstract: Rapid growth in the Indian population leads a requirement of enhancement of food technology which makes a huge impact on the field of irrigation. In this study, irrigation water distribution from the Parambikulam Aliyar Project (PAP), Tamil Nadu which was accompanied by the Thirumoorthi reservoir and it covers four-zone patterns of 377152 acres was studied. Present canal network consists of main and branch canals, distributaries, water coarse and field channels. Loss of water is about 24-45% was observed on the irrigation even though the canal lining is provided to improve the water carrying efficiency. In order to enhance the irrigation efficiency and further extending the area of irrigated land, implementation of micro-irrigation with automation techniques was adopted in the Parambikulam Aliyar project. Automated systems reduce the requirement of manpower and increase the application efficiency by applying the water directly on or below the soil surface near the root zone of the plant. The implementation of smart irrigations aids in reducing the theft and improper use of water and provides a centralized control valve in the system. It was concluded that the overall water use efficiency in a micro-irrigation system is about 85-93% which greatly reduces the amount of water loss.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Abdelraouf, R. E., et al. 2016. Modified design for drip irrigation system to improve the productivity of irrigation water and fertilizers distribution. Int. J. Chem. Tech., 9(9): 40-52.
Kaluse, A., et al. 2016. Automatic drip irrigation system. Int. Res. J. Eng. Tech., 3(11): 696-698.
Literature cited 2: Kaur, B., et al. 2016. A survey on smart drip irrigation system. Int. Res. J. Eng. Tech., 3(2): 100-102.
Barkunan, S. R., et al. 2019. Smart sensor for automatic drip irrigation system for paddy cultivation. Computers Electrical Eng., 73: 180-193.
ID: 65332
Title: Recent Approach On Biodegradation Of Textile Dyes – A Review
Author: U. Ushani, Salman, G. Pavithra, A. Meena Sankari and Veera Prakash
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2021
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 41 (3) March. 21 page 287-292 2021.
Subject: Recent Approach On Biodegradation Of Textile Dyes – A Review
Keywords: Microorganism, Biodegradation, Textile dye, Non-hazardous ingredients
Abstract: Rapid industrialization has certain upsurge to several undesirable origins that accrued in the planet upto noxious intensities to destroy the natural atmosphere. Systematic growths are deliberated as key influences for improvement of both emerging and under established nations, but awkwardly, maximum of the productions industries in these nations do not have accurate waste treatment amenities and liberating a huge amount of wastes discharges. A preponderance of xenobiotics (either untreated or partially treated) unrestricted from industries is diversified up with the natural water streams and to the territory of the planet. Unprocessed or incompletely treated textile effluents are extremely lethal, as they comprise a huge amount of lethal compounds and heavy metals. The problem of water pollution due to the release of industrial wastewater into natural water streams were perceived by western nations in the 19th century and also in India after independence. Biodegradation or usage of microbes in textile dye breaks down into non-hazardous ingredients.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Chacko, J. T. and K. Subramaniam. 2011. Enzymatic degradation of azo-dyes: A review. Int. J. Env. Sci., 1(6): 1250.
Jamee, R. and R. Siddique. 2020. Biodegradation of synthetic dyes of textile effluent by microorganisms: An environmentally and economically sustainable approach. European J. Microbiol. Immunol., 9(4): 114-118.
Literature cited 2: Singh, L. and V. P. Singh. 2015. Textile dyes degradation: A microbial approach for biodegradation of pollutants. In Microbial degradation of synthetic dyes in wastewaters, environmental science and engineering. Ed S. N. Singh. Springer International Publishing, Switzerland. pp18.
Barragàn, B. E., C. Costa and M. C. Marquez. 2007. Biodegradation of azo dyes by bacteria inoculated on solid media. Dyes Pigments. 75(5): 73-81.
ID: 65331
Title: Production Of Compost Using Eichhornia crassipes And Its Nutritive Analysis
Author: Sangilimuthu Alagar Yadav, Sumayya Rehaman*, Kalaiselvi A. and Rajiv P
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2021
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 41 (3) March. 21 page 282-286 2021.
Subject: Production Of Compost Using Eichhornia crassipes And Its Nutritive Analysis
Keywords: Eichhornia crassipes, Organic carbon, Total nitrogen, Total phosphorus, Total potassium, Weeds ecological benefit
Abstract: The aquatic weed of monster invasive nature is Eichhornia crassipes (mart) with massively grown in tonnes and occupies various lakes. It takes up the nutrients of the lake water and destroys the habitat environment for the fauna and other flora. To reduce the weed with an alternative method, they were collected, shredded and mixed up with the vegetable waste (4:1) and subjected to composting. After 68 days of composting, the matured compost prepared using the Eichhornia crassipes is subjected to colour, odour and foam were found to be in the acceptable range similar to the commercial compost. The electrical conductivity of both matured compost and commercial compost were analogous to each other. The ratio of carbon was about 15 whereas the nitrogen was one. With the pH of the prepared matured compost was about 7 analogous to the commercial compost, the chemical parameter, such as organic carbon of prepared matured compost and commercial compost with a 1.31% difference. The total nitrogen, total potassium, total phosphorus of the prepared matured compost and commercial compost are similar and within an acceptable range. The total calcium and total magnesium are very low with the maximum acceptable range. The mineral content, such as iron and manganese with a minimal difference, whereas the zinc and copper were within the acceptable limits for both the prepared compost and the commercial compost. In this study, the resource utilization approaches of Eichhornia crassipes by using turn waste into treasure and solve the water hyacinth breeding problem, it could also produce economic and ecological benefits.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: CPCB. 2000. Status of municipal solid waste generation, collection, treatment and disposable in class 1 cities. Central Pollution Control Broad, Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India, New Delhi.
Narayana, T. 2009. Municipal waste management in India: From waste disposal to recovery of resources. Waste Manage., 29: 1163-1166.
Literature cited 2: Enein, A. M.A., et al. 2011. Eichhornia crassipes (Mart) solms: From water parasite to potential medicinal remedy. Plant Signaling Behaviour. 6(6): 834-836.
Mironga, J. M., J. M. Mathooko and S. M. Onywere. 2012. Effect of water hyacinth infestation on the physico-chemical characteristics of Lake Naivasha. Int. J. Humanities Social Sci., 2(7): 103-113.
ID: 65330
Title: The Effect Of Phytotoxicity Of Green Synthesized Iron Oxide Nanoparticles On Oil Seed Crops
Author: Momanyi K. Rachael and P. Rajiv
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2021
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 41 (3) March. 21 page 278-281 2021.
Subject: The Effect Of Phytotoxicity Of Green Synthesized Iron Oxide Nanoparticles On Oil Seed Crops
Keywords: Phytotoxicity, Iron oxide, Seed germination, Oilseed crops
Abstract: In the present investigation, the iron oxide nanoparticles (TFeONPs) were produced by ferrous chloride and aqueous extract of Tridax procumbens. The properties of as-synthesized TFeONPs were assessed. Moreover, the toxicity effects of TFeONPs on oilseed crops (Sesamum indicum and Arachis hypogaea) were investigated. The toxicity effect of TFeONPs on the germination of seed and formation of root and shoot of oilseed crops was determined using different concentrations of TFeONPs. The results of characterization confirmed that the synthesized TFeONPs were spherical-shaped. The various concentrations of TFeONPs significantly enhanced seed germination and the length of root and shoot of S. indicum and A. hypogaea. The highest concentrations (0.4% and 0.5%) of TFeONPs inhibited seed-germination and shoot and root formation, while the lowest and optimal concentrations (0.1-0.5%) of TFeONPs induced positive effects on seed germination and the length of root and shoot. The lowest concentration of TFeONPs was able to promote plant growth without any toxicity to other plants and the environment.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Parthasarathi, T., 2011. Phytotoxicity of nano-particles in agricultural crops. International Conference on green technology and environmental conservation (GTEC-2011). Proceedings, pp 51-60.
Nedecky, B.R., et al. 2017. Nanoparticles based on essential metals and their phytotoxicity. J. Nanobiotech., 15(1): 33.
Literature cited 2: Fernández, D.M., D. Barroso and M. Komárek. 2016. Root water transport of Helianthus annuus L. under iron oxide nanoparticle exposure. Env. Sci. Pol. Res., 23(2): 1732-1741.
Fernández, D.M. and M. Komárek. 2016. Comparative effects of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) and Fe2O3 nanoparticles on root hydraulic conductivity of Solanum lycopersicum L. Env. Experi. Bot., 131: 128-136.
ID: 65329
Title: Eco-friendly Production Of Cellulose Using Different Agro-wastes By Bacillus subtilis
Author: Sankareswaran M., Moorthy M. and Anbalagan S.
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2021
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 41 (3) March. 21 page 272-277 2021.
Subject: Eco-friendly Production Of Cellulose Using Different Agro-wastes By Bacillus subtilis
Keywords: Cellulase, Bacillus subtilis, Submerged fermentation, DEAE cellulase
Abstract: Plant biomass waste consists almost entirely of lignocellulose, which is formed by three types of polymers, namely cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Cellulose is a linear polymer composed of D-glucose linked by b-1,4 glucoside bonds. The cellulose enzyme system usually comprises three cellulolytic enzyme classes which hydrolyze the cellulose: endoglucanases (EC 3.2.1.4), cellobiohydrolases (EC 3.2.1.91) and cellobiases (EC 3.2.1.21). Celluloses are used in various industries, such as fuel, food, detergent, animal feed, agriculture, wine, beer, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. The main objective of the study is to explore an easy and cost effective method to produce the cellulase using various agricultural wastes, such as sugarcane bagasse, sago waste and rice bran as substrates. Cellulase producing bacteria were isolated from forest soil. Among the isolates, three strains show the maximum activity on carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) agar plates. Among the three strains, a strain was showed maximum enzyme activity, which was measured by dinitro salicylic acid (DNS) method. The isolates were identified as Bacillus subtilis. Optimization of the fermentation medium for the production of maximum cellulase was carried out through submerged fermentation (SmF). The highest production of cellulase was obtained as 7.9 U/mL at 3% glucose as a carbon source, 8.1 U/mL at 3% meat extract as a nitrogen source and 7.0 U/mL at 3% sugarcane bagasse at 37°C, 8.2 U/mL at pH 9, 6.9 U/mL at 3.5% inoculum level at 48 hr. Cellulase was purified to centrifugation, ammonium sulphate precipitation and diethylaminoethyl-cellulase (DEAE-cellulase) chromatography. By adopting these steps, a fold purification of 18.02 with 86% overall yield was obtained. The purified cellulase with a molecular mass of 22 kDa determined by SDS-PAGE. Bacillus subtilis are capable to produce the cellulase for industrial application.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Sheppy, C. 2001. The current feed enzyme market and likely trends. In Enzymes in farm animal nutrition. Ed R. B. Michael and G. Gary. CABI Publishing, Division of CAB International.
Kim, N., et al. 2008. Molecular cloning and characterization of a glycosyl hydrolase family 9 cellulase distributed throughout the digestive tract of the cricket Teleogryllus emma. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B. Biochem. Mol. Biol., 150: 368-376.
Literature cited 2: Gupta, P., K. Samant and A. Sahu. 2012. Isolation of cellulose-degrading bacteria and determination of their cellulolytic potential. Int. J. Microbiol. DOI: 10.1155/2012/578925.
Balachandrababu, A., et al. 2012. Purification and characterization of a thermophilic cellulose from a novel cellulolytic strain, Paenibacillus barcinonensis. J. Microbiol. Biotech., 22: 1501-1509.
ID: 65328
Title: Evaluation Of Biochemical And Nutritional Factors In Selected Green Leafy Vegetables Cultivated In Organic And Conventional Farming
Author: Sangilimuthu Alagar Yadav, P. Rajiv, M. Janani and P. Praveenkumar
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2021
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 41 (3) March. 21 page 267-271 2021.
Subject: Evaluation Of Biochemical And Nutritional Factors In Selected Green Leafy Vegetables Cultivated In Organic And Conventional Farming
Keywords: Raphanus sativus, Solanum melongena, Organic cultivation, Atomic absorption spectroscopy
Abstract: The present study determined the comparative analysis of the biochemical and nutritional factors present in the vegetables cultivated in the both organic and conventional method of farming. Acid digestion method was used to digest the sample for detection of iron, chromium and zinc by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) analysis and nutritional factors, such as protein, carbohydrate, ascorbic acid and amino acids were estimated in the selected vegetables (Solanum melongena and Raphanus sativus). Elemental analysis shows that the iron content found to be high compared to the zinc in both vegetables in comparison to the organically cultivated vegetables having higher zinc and iron content. The biochemical compositions of Solanum melongena and Raphanus sativus both showed high content of protein (13.465 µg/100 µg), Solanum melongena alone showed high content of amino acid (24.732 µg/500 µg) in the conventional method, Raphanus sativus showed a high level of carbohydrate (328.924 µg/200 µg) in conventional and higher ascorbic acid (724.382 µg/500 µg) in organic cultivation. Finally, results showed that the organically cultivated vegetables contain more biochemical elements compared to the conventional method. Raphanus sativus contain more biochemical and nutritional elements compared to Solanum melongena due to the absorption of plant nutritional factors are high in root compared to fruits. Here we have taken rhizomatous parts of Raphanus sativus for analysis.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Ramesh, H. L. and V. N. Y. Moorthy. 2012. Assessment of heavy metal contamination in green leafy vegetables grown in Bangalore urban district of Karnataka. Adv. Life Sci. Tech., 6: 40-51.
Sobukola, O. P., et al. 2007. Thin layer drying process of some leafy vegetables under open sun. Food Sci. Tech. Int., 13(1): 35-40.
Literature cited 2: Robinson, D. S. 1987. Food – Biochemistry and nutritional value. Longman Scientific and Technical, Harlow, U.K. and John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York. pp 554.
Hashmi, D. R., S. Ismail and G. H. Shaikh. 2007. Assessment of the level of trace metals in commonly edible vegetables locally available in the markets of Karachi city. Pakistan J. Botany.39(3): 747-751.
ID: 65327
Title: Experimental Study Of Nallaru River For Water Pollution by Dyeing Industries Nearby In Tirupur
Author: N. Balasundaram and K. Arumugam
Editor: Dr. Jyoti Verma
Year: 2021
Publisher: Kalpana Corporation
Source: ENVIS, CES & EWRG, CES
Reference: Indian Journal of Environmental Protection Vol 41 (3) March. 21 page 261-266 2021.
Subject: Experimental Study Of Nallaru River For Water Pollution by Dyeing Industries Nearby In Tirupur
Keywords: Effluent, Treatment plant, Nallaru river, Pollution
Abstract: Tirupur district is an important textile industry region; it is the fifth largest collection of urban areas and fourth largest city by its area located in Tamil Nadu. The city of Tirupur is virtually the knitwear capital of India. It is located about 460 km from the state capital Chennai and 50 km from Manchester of South India. The dyeing industries are the backbone of the textile industry present in Tirupur. Toxic compounds are present as liquid waste from the textile industry. The river water becomes unfit for irrigation and drinking due to its contamination by the toxic compounds. Since river water is used for agricultural purposes and as drinking source and also for household activities by the locality people in the city, it is not a good practice to allow this chemical waste into the water body. Suspended solids particles in water may choke the fish gill which leads to their death or reduces their growth rate. It also reduces algae growth and diminishes their ability to produce food and oxygen. So, proper treatment of liquid wastewater and pollution due to this liquid waste must be controlled by the authorised authority by preventing the discharge of textile wastewater into water bodies. The case study was proposed to design the wastewater treatment plant in the city of Tirupur to reduce the industrial pollution caused by the dyeing industries and sewage wastes.
Location: T E 15 New Biology building
Literature cited 1: Alam, A. S. M. M., et al. 2009. A study on industrial waste effluents and their management at selected food and beverage industries of Bangladesh. J. Appl. Sci. Env. Manage., 11(4): 5-9.
Jesu, A., et al. 2013. Environmental impact of industrial effluent in Vaigai river and the groundwater in and around the river at Anaipatti of Dindigul Distt., Tamil Nadu, India. Int. Res. J. Env. Sci., 2(4): 34-38.
Literature cited 2: Ozturk, E., et al. 2015. Evaluation of integrated pollution prevention control in a textile fiber production and dyeing mill. J. Cleaner Production.88: 116-124.
Yadav, A., et al. 2016. Contamination of industrial wastewater in central India. J. Env. Prot., 7(1): 72-81.