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ID: 60560
Title: Use of heavy metals and trace elements in groundwater as a tool for mineral exploration: A case study from Udawalawe, Srilanka.
Author: D.T. Udagedara, H.M.T.G.A. Pitawala and H.A. Dharmagunawardhane.
Editor: Professor V. Subramanian
Year: 2014
Publisher: Capital Publishing Company.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution.vol.11 (4) 59-67 (2014)
Subject: water, Environment and Pollution.
Keywords: Mineral exploration, groundwater geochemistry, heavy metals, trace elements, serpentine.
Abstract: The geochemistry of regional groundwater has been utilized worldwide to discover subsurface mineral deposits, though it has not yet been practiced in SriLanka. The present study focuses on utilizing geochemistry of groundwater in the Udawalawe area of south-central SriLanka where two serpentine bodies exist within the high-grade crystalline basement. T his area is in the proximity of the litho-tectonic boundary between two metamorphic complexes. Thus, the scope of the study is to uncover geological and geochemical anomalies of potential mineralization. Mode of occurrences and petrography of exposed serpentine bodies and physico-chemical properties of groundwater were investigated to establish a relationship between regional groundwater geochemistry and geological anomalies. The pH and electrical conductivity of groundwater were measured in-situ and concentrations of Al, Ba, Be, Cs, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Pb, Rb, Sr and Zn were analysed using atomic absorption and emission spectroscopy. The present study reveals that concentration of these elements are significantly higher close to serpentinite bodies with Cu and Zn having the highest concentrations of Be, Cu, Li, Mn, Pb, Rb and Zn in groundwater in the area between the two exposed serpentinite bodies indicate the possible occurrence of a subsurface mineral deposit in the area. These results indicate the importance and feasibility of the application of regional groundwater geochemistry as a tool for uncovering subsurface mineral deposits. Detailed observations of groundwater flow patterns, facies changes, and associated element mobility could effectively help n accurate demarcation of the lateral extents of mineral deposits.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: APHA (2005). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 21sted. Armiento, G., Bellatreccia, F., Cremisini, C. et al. (2012). Beryllium natural background concentration and mobility: A reaapraisal examining the case of high Be-bearing pyroclastic rocks. Environ Monit Assess. Doi: 10.1007/s10661-012-2575-3.
Literature cited 2: Banks, D., Hall, G., Reimann, C. and U. Siewers (1999). Distribution of rare earth elements in crystalline bedrock groundwaters: Oslo and Bergen regions, Norway.Appl. Geochemistry, 14: 27-39. Bhatia, M.RT. and K.A.W .Crook (1986). Trace element characteristics of graywackes and tectonic setting discrimination of sedimentary basins. Contrib to Mineral Petrol, 92: 181-193. doi: 10.1007/BF00375292.

ID: 60559
Title: Groundwater quality assessment around tanneries at Tiruchirappalli, India.
Author: G. Venkatesan, V. Rajagopalan and M .Selvaraj.
Editor: Professor V. Subramanian
Year: 2014
Publisher: Capital Publishing Company.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution.vol.11 (4) 51-57 (2014)
Subject: water, Environment and Pollution.
Keywords: Groundwater quality, groundwater pollution, tanneries, physicochemical parameters.
Abstract: Water as resource, fundamental amenity and universal solvent is shared by inhabitants. The tanning industry is one of the oldest industries in India. The tanning industry is an especially large contributor of pollutants to water resources. Concentration of pollutants more than their permissible limits in potable water leads to health problems, especially in infants .The water samples were taken from the villages Sembattu and Gundur and there are twelve numbers of tanneries working in this area. Various physicochemical parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity, chloride (Cl), total hardness CaCO3 (TH), nitrate (NO3), sulphate (SO4) and alkalinity have been analysed. In the analyses, chloride and hardness content in groundwater were on higher side compared with Bureau of Indian Standard (BIS) and World Health Organization (WHO) standards but the level of sulphate was within permissible limit. I t is evident that groundwater quality is gradually getting deteriorated and it may deteriorate further with time. The results envisaged that the quality of groundwater around tanneries areas is poor, and is not suitable for drinking purpose and can only be used after proper treatment.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: American Public Health Association (APHA) (2005). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, Method 1020. Bosnic, M., Buljian, J. and R.P. Daniels (2000) .Pollutants in Tannery Effluents. United Nations Industrial Development Organization, Vienna, Austria.
Literature cited 2: Giridharan, L., Venugopal, T. and M. Jayaprakash (2009). Assesment of water quality using chemometric tools: A case study of river Cooum, South India. Arch. Environ. Contam.Toxicol, 56 (4): 654-669. Kan, C.C., Chen, W.H., Wan, M.W., Phatai, P., Wittayakun, J. and K.F.Li (2012). The preliminary study of iron and manganese removal from groundwater by NaOCl oxidation and MF filtration. Sustain Environ. Res., 22 (1): 25-30.

ID: 60558
Title: Aquatic toxicity of antibiotic contaminant Doxycycline Hydrochloride on Cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa
Author: Liang Wu, Jie Wang, Ying Zhang, Lumei Wang and Jing Ye.
Editor: Professor V. Subramanian
Year: 2014
Publisher: Capital Publishing Company.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution.vol.11 (4) 45-50 (2014)
Subject: water, Environment and Pollution.
Keywords: Cyanobactria, doxycycline hydrochloride, oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation.
Abstract: Veterinary antibiotics have been used extensively in many countries to treat diseases and protect the health of animals. As they are poorly adsorbed in the gut of the animals, the majority of antibiotics are excreted unchanged in faeces and urine. Therefore, antibiotic contaminants in aquatic ecosystems may pose physiological effects on aquatic lives. In the present study, growth inhibition and oxidative damage in cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa exposed to doxycycline hydrochloride were investigated. The results showed that doxycycline hydrochloride could inhibit the growth of M. aeruginosa under laboratory conditions. The inhibition percentages after 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, and 96 h exposure at the concentration of 1 mg/L were 8.13 %, 16.49 %, 39.56 % and 55.31 %, respectively. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and the concentrations of malondialdehde (MDA) in M.aeruginosa were stimulated by doxycycline hydrochloride after 24 h exposure under a series of concentrations. The results are useful for environmental assessment of antibiotics. Besides, it is also helpful for guiding the application of doxycycline hydrochloride in agricultural settings.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Alscher, R.G., Erturk, N. and L.S. Heath (2002). Role of superoxide dismutases (SODs) in controlling oxidative stress in plants. Journal of experimental Botany, 53: 1331-1341. Bailly, C., Benamar, A., Corbineau, FG. And D. Come (1996). Changes in malondialdehyde content and in superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione reductase activities in sunflower seeds as related to deterioration during accelerated ageing, Physiologia Plantarum, 97: 104-110.
Literature cited 2: Beauchamp, C. and I. Fridovich (1971). Superoxide dismutase: Improved assays and an assay applicable to acrylamide gels. Analytical Biochemistry, 44: 267-287. Cho, U.H and N.H. Seo (2005). Oxidative stress in Arabidopsis thaliana exposed to cadmium is due to hydrogen peroxide accumulation. Plant Science, 168: 113-120.

ID: 60557
Title: A preliminary study on assessment of noise levels in Indian Offices: A case study.
Author: Bijay Kumar Swain, Shreerup Goswami and Madhumita Das
Editor: Professor V. Subramanian
Year: 2014
Publisher: Capital Publishing Company.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution.vol.11 (4) 39-44 (2014)
Subject: water, Environment and Pollution.
Keywords: Office corridors, office noise, noise pollution level, Balasore.
Abstract: The urban noise pollution is growing day by day and has become a universal problem for both the public and the policy-makers. The increase in number of market complexes, growing population and consequently increase in number of vehicles have inevitably caused major noise pollution in different public places and government offices. Now-a-days, there are records of high level of dissatisfaction due to noise incidence in and around different offices. Therefore, an attempt has been made to assess the noise pollution levels at 10 different office corridors in and around the city of Balasore. The noise data collected from different offices displayed wide ranges of noise level varying in three different times (10-12 noon, 1-3 pm and 3-5 pm). The maximum noise level was assessed at RTO office (83.4 dB), while minimum was assessed at Head Post Office (43.7 dB). Also, the maximum equivalent noise level was assessed at RTO office (75.3), while minimum was assessed at Income Tax office (58.3). The maximum noise pollution level (NPL) and Noise Climate (NC) were assessed at RTO office (96.6) and Collectorate office (26.5) and minimum was assessed at Inspector of Schools (70.4) and at Horticulture office (11.2) respectively.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Babisch, W. (2005). Noise and Health. Environmental Health Perspectives, 113 (1): 14-15. Banerjee, D. and S.K. Chakraborty (2006). Monthly variation in night time noise levels at residential areas of Asansol city (India) Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering, 48 (1): 39-44.
Literature cited 2: Bluhm, G., Nordling, E. and N. Berglind (2004). Road Traffic Noise and Annoyance-An Increasing Environmental Health Problem. Noise and Health, 6: 43-49. Chakraborty, D., Santra, S.C. Mukherjee, A.L., Roy, B. and P. Das (2002). Road Traffic Noise in Calcutta Metropolis, India. Indian Journal of Environmental Health, 44 (33): 173-180.

ID: 60556
Title: Supply Water Quality in Urban Bangladesh: A case study of Chittagong Metropolitan City.
Author: Morshed Hosan Molla, Mohmmad Abu Taiyeb Chowdhury, Kazi Md. Barkat Ali, Md. Habibur Rahman Bhuiyan, Reaz Mohammad Mazumdar and Suman Das.
Editor: Professor V. Subramanian
Year: 2014
Publisher: Capital Publishing Company.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution.vol.11 (4) 27-38 (2014)
Subject: water, Environment and Pollution.
Keywords: Water quality, environment, contamination, health impacts, monitoring, management.
Abstract: Drinking water quality in urban Bangladesh is at high risk. The port city of Chittagong is not only facing the problem of inadequate water supply but also serious threat due mainly to the scarcity of safe water. This paper attempts to characterize and analyze the supply water quality in Chittagong Metropolitan City (CMC) from health and environmental perspective using a set of parameters: physical, chemical and micro-biological. The paper focuses on key challenges facing the sector today, especially in the provision of urban water service delivery. The thrust there has been to identify weakness in current water supply management, and explore options to address the chronic lack of service provisions. The overall finding is that the dwellers of CMC have been suffering from irregular, inadequate and unsafe water supply due mainly because o f inefficient management practices. The situation is worse in low income residential areas. Regular monitoring of water quality along the distribution networks, timely repair and maintenance, improving information systems, uses of advanced technology, provisions for staff training, awareness building among users and stakeholders, and promotion of community-based co-management governing systems have been strongly suggested.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Amin, M.O. (2006). Status of Water and Sanitation Services in Chittagong Water Supply and Sewerage Authority, Bangladesh. Capacity Building Workshop on Partnerships for Improving the Performance of Water Utilities in the Asia and the Pacific Region.UNCC, Bangkok.
Literature cited 2: APHA (2003). Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 4th edition. American Public Health Association /America Water Works Association/Water Environment Federation, Washington DC, U.S.A.

ID: 60555
Title: Permeability of Sand-bentonite and Sand-fly Ash Mixtures.
Author: Shankara, Maya Naik and P.V. Sivapullaiah.
Editor: Professor V. Subramanian
Year: 2014
Publisher: Capital Publishing Company.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution.vol.11 (4) 19-26 (2014)
Subject: water, Environment and Pollution.
Keywords: Sand-bentonite, Sand-fly ash, Permeability, laboratory study, hydraulic conductivity.
Abstract: Laboratory hydraulic conductivity (HC) tests have been conducted on mixtures of fine sand with bentonite and fly ash with four fluids with different pH and metal concentrations with a view to assess their suitability for the liner constructions for waste containment facilities. HC of sand-bentonite mixtures which was low, due to effective reduction void ratio because of swelling of negatively charged bentonite particles, further reduces with increase in the pH of the fluid by increase in the cation exchange capacity ad fabric of the clay assuming relatively more dispersed structure. The hydraulic conductivity of mixtures of fly ash sand were higher and were in the range of 1 x 10-5 cm/s which however decreases slightly with increase in the density. HC of sand fly ash mixtures with increase in pH of the solution due to increase in the reactivity of fly ash in alkaline medium produces more pozzolanic compounds leading to reduction in the void ratio. It is also found, however, that hydraulic conductivity of fly ash mixtures is not suitable for linear application. The precipitation of metal ions at higher pH in sand fly ash mixtures may reduce the HC depending on the concentration of metal ions. However, bentonite needs to be incorporated to lower the HC range linear application for waste containment facilities.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: ASTM D5856-95 (2007). Standard Test Method for Measurement of Hydraulic Conductivity of Porous Material Using a Rigid-Wall Compaction-Mold Permeameter. West Conshohocken, PA. Benson, H.C. and D.E. Daniel (1990). Influence of clods on hydraulic conductivity of compacted clay. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, ASCE, 116: 1231-1248.
Literature cited 2: Chapuis, R.P., Lavoie, J. and D. Giard (1992).Design construction, and repair of the soil-bentonite liners of two lagoons. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 29: 638-645. Haug, M.D. and L.C. Wong (1992). Impact of molding water content on hydraulic conductivity of compacted sand-bentonite. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 29: 253-262.

ID: 60554
Title: Heavy Metals Fish Species, Sediment and Surface Water around a Proposed Uranium Mining Area in India.
Author: Soma Giri and Gurdeep Singh.
Editor: Professor V. Subramanian
Year: 2014
Publisher: Capital Publishing Company.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution.vol.11 (3) 89-96 (2014)
Subject: water, Environment and Pollution.
Keywords: Fish, heavy metals, risk assessment, hazard quotient.
Abstract: Heavy metal pollution of water resources can be apprehended in East Singhbhum region which is a highly mineralized zone with extensive mining of copper, uranium and other minerals. Fish samples were collected around Bagjata uranium mining area and the heavy metal analysis was done by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The geometric mean concentration of Fe, Mn, Pb, Cu and Ni of all the fish samples was found to be 18.32, 2.34, 7.35, 1.08, 0.52 and 0.34 mgkg-1fresh , respectively. In general, the fish samples collected from the pond were found to have higher concentration than the rivers. The results suggest a very strong association of Fe and Mn between the water and the fish samples and Zn, Pb and Cu between sediment and fish samples. To assess the risk due to intake of heavy metals through the ingestion of fish, the hazard quotients were calculated using the USEPA method. The hazard quotients of the heavy metals were below 1 posing no threat due to intake of fish to the local consumers.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Ahmad, M.K., Islam, S., Rahman, S., Haque, M.R. and M.M. Islam (2010). Heavy Metals in Water, Sediment and Some Fishes of Buriganga River, Bangladesh. International Journal of Environmental Research, 4 (2): 321-332. Al-Kahtani, M.A. (2009). Accumulation o f Heavy Metals in Tilapia Fish (Oreochromis niloticus) from Al-Khadoud Spring.Al-Hassa, Saudi Arabia. American Journal of Applied Science, 6 (12): 2024-2029.
Literature cited 2: Alhas, E., Oymak, S.A. and H. Karadede (2009). Heavy metal concentrations in two barb, barbus xanthopterus and Barbus rajanorum mystaceus from Ataturk Dam Lake, Turkey ,Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 148: 11-18. Atolaye, B.O. and M.O. Aremu (2007) .Bioaccumulation of Some Trace Elements in the Body Parts of Fish Species Associated With Soil Sediment and Water from ?Magani? Confluence in Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Electronic Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Food Chemistry, 6 (5): 2001-2008.

ID: 60553
Title: Association of Ambient Air Quality with Female ' s Pulmonary Function in Kolkata City, India.
Author: Paulomi Das and Pinaki Chatterjee
Editor: Professor V. Subramanian
Year: 2014
Publisher: Capital Publishing Company.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution.vol.11 (3) 83-88 (2014)
Subject: water, Environment and Pollution.
Keywords: Air pollution, FVC, FEV1, FEF25-75%, MVV.
Abstract: Health effects of air pollution are raising concern to the residents of Kolkata. The purpose of the present study was to analyze the association between the levels of air pollutants and pulmonary function (FVC, FEV1, FEF25-75 % and MVV) of adult females living in two different air pollutant zones of Kolkata, West Bengal. The air pollution data of the two ambient air quality-monitoring stations located at Rabindrabharti and Victoria Memorial was collected from West Bengal Pollution Control Board, Kolkata for the period from January 2012 to March 2012. Study was conducted on two hundred females of the age range 17-22 years, subdivided into two groups from living within 3 km radius of the two monitoring stations. They were investigated for their spirometric lung functions by the method and technique recommended by American Thoracic Society. Results revealed that PM10, SO2 concentrations were significantly higher in Rabindrabharti zone, whereas no significant differences were noted in NO2 and CO concentration though values were higher at Rabindrabharati than Victoria Memorial. FVC,FEV1, FEF25-75 % and MVV were significantly lower in females of Rabindabharti zone .Exposure to high air pollutant concentration might be associated with reduced pulmonary function in adult females.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Ackermann-Liebrich, U., Leuenberger, P., Schwartz, J., Schindler, C., Monn, C., Bolognini, G., Bongard, J.P. , Brandli, O., Domenighetti, G., Elasasser, S., Grize, L., Karrer ,W., Keller, R., Keller-Wossidlo,H., Kunzli, N., Martin, B.W, Medici, T.C., Perruchoud, A.P., Schoni, M.H., Tshopp, J.M., Villiger, B., Wuthrich, B., Zellweger, J.P. and E.Zemp (1997).Lung function and long term exposure to air pollutants in Switerzerland. Study on air pollution and lung diseases in adults (SAPALDIA) team. Am J Respir Crit Care Med., 155: 122-129. American Thoracic Society (1979) ATS-statement-Snowbird workshop on standardization of spirometry.Am.Rev. Respir.Dis, 119: 831-838.
Literature cited 2: Butter, M.E. (2006). Are Women More Vulnerable to Environmental Pollution? J. Hum Ecol., 20 (3): 221-226. Chang, Y.K. Wu, C.C. Lee, L.T., Lin, R.S., Yu, Y.H. and Y.C. Chen (2012). The short-term effects of air pollution on adolescent lung function in Taiwan.Chemosphere, 87 (1): 26-30.

ID: 60552
Title: Economical and Reliable Method of Water Purification.
Author: Anand M. Sharan.
Editor: Professor V. Subramanian
Year: 2014
Publisher: Capital Publishing Company.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution.vol.11 (3) 71-81 (2014)
Subject: water, Environment and Pollution.
Keywords: Ultra-violet and Ro methods, water boiling method, water boiling under pressure method, high hat of water evaporation, hydrogen bonding.
Abstract: In this work, several commonly use methods of water purification are discussed first and then a new method is proposed. This new method is attractive considering its simplicity and world-wide applicability. It involves boiling water under pressure which raises the temperature of this boiling water. The background of this method arises from the pasteurization process but its applicability from economy required under current high energy costs. Several experimental results are also discussed.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Canadian Drinking Water Guidelines .http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/ewh-semt/water-eau/drink-potab/guide/index-eng.php De Zuane, J. (1997). Handbook of Drinking Water Quality (2nd ed). Van Nstrand, New York.
Literature cited 2: Health Canada. Drinking Water Health Problems.http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hl-vs/iyh-vsv/environ/chlor-eng.php Holman, J.P. (2002).Heat Transfer. McGraw Hill, 9th Edition.

ID: 60551
Title: Production of Vermicompost Using Aquatic Macrophytes from Domestic Sewage Pond.
Author: A.K. Giri, Vishal K., S. Verma, M.P. Singh and Jitender Kumar.
Editor: Professor V. Subramanian
Year: 2014
Publisher: Capital Publishing Company.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution.vol.11 (3) 63-69 (2014)
Subject: water, Environment and Pollution.
Keywords: Macrophyte mixture, cowdung, earthworm biomass, heavy metals, available nutrients.
Abstract: Laxmital pond in Jhansi city is heavily polluted due to unrestricted discharge of domestic sewage and supported growth of some aquatic Macrophytes. Macrophytes growing in wastewater ponds assimilate nutrients and thus harvesting and vermicomposting of Macrophytes. Recycle nutrients from the wastewater. Hence, the present investigation explored possibility to recycle mixture of Macrophytes biomass (MMB) from sewage pond. The recycling potential of MMB in cattle dung (CD) as bulking determined on the basis of five different amendment ratios: 0 % (T1), 25 % (T2), 50 % (T3) , 75 % (T4) and 100 (T5) , in the laboratory condition employing Eisenia foetida for 120 days. Worm growth an reproduction was significantly decreased with increasing percentage of MMB as compared to control. Worm failed to reproduce in MMB without CD (T5) , but grew steadily and reproduced well up to 25 % MMB +CD (T2). Physicochemical analysis of vermicompost recorded a clear trend in reduction of pH (5.0-17.1 %), total organic carbon (TOC) (29.2-71.1 %) and carbon: nitrogen C: N) ratio (48.3-88.4%), whereas increase in total Kjeldhal nitrogen TKN) (36.9-148%), total phosphorus TP) (53.7-1202%) and ash (26.2-262.6%) than their respective initial values. Similarly, vermicomposting also caused significant reduction in total heavy metal (Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd) contents. The percentage of total N, P and K contents, examined in plant available forms were relatively high in T2 than other treatments. The results suggested that WH from domestic sewage up to 25 % MMB (plus CD) is appropriate to recycle and vermicompost produced is useful for sustainable agriculture.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Abbasi, S.A. and E.V. Ramaswami (1999).Biotechnological methods of pollution control. Orient Longman, University Press of India Ltd, Hyderabad, India. Edwards, C.A. (1988). Breakdown of animal, vegetable and industrial organic wastes by earthworm.Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. 24: 21-31.
Literature cited 2: Gajalakshmi, S., Ramasamy, E.V. and S.A.Abbasi (2001). Potential of two epigeic and two anecic earthworm species in vermicomposting of water hyacinth. Biores. Technol., 76: 177-180. Garg, V.K., Chand, S., Chiller, A. and A. Yadav (2005). Growth and reproduction of Eisenia foetida in various animal wastes during vermicomposting.Appl.Ecol.Environ.Res., 3: 51-59.

ID: 60550
Title: Electrochemical Performance of Adjusted LiMn1/3 Ni1/3O2 Recovered from Low Quality Lithium-ion Batteries.
Author: O.E.Bankole and Lixu Lei.
Editor: Professor V. Subramanian
Year: 2014
Publisher: Capital Publishing Company.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution.vol.11 (3) 55-61 (2014)
Subject: water, Environment and Pollution.
Keywords: Cathode materials, LiMoO4, conductivity, electrochemical effect, DMSO.
Abstract: The electrochemical performance of as-recovered LiMn1/3Ni1/3Co1/3O2 adjusted with lithium has been investigated. Instead of Li2MoO4 lithium was added to the powders prepared by mechano-thermal mixture of the LiMn1/3 Ni1/3 O2 recovered from lithium-ion battery, Na2MoO4.2H2O or (NH4)6 Mo7O24.4H2O with LiOH.H2O.SEM and XRD analyses were performed. The lithium adjusted powder L1 obtained from Na2MoO4.2H2O calcined at 650? C delivered discharge capacities of 179, 184 and 178 mAhg-1 at 0.1? C rate in the second, third and nineteenth cycles with corresponding discharge-charge effeciencies of 84.3 % , 94.3 % and 96.9 % respectively. Meanwhile, the adjusted powder L2 obtained from (NH4) 6Mo7O24.4H2O at the same temperature delivered lower value ranging between 154 and 164 mAhg-1 at the same discharge rate. The difference in the values delivered by the two samples could be attributed to compounds used for the adjustment and particle sizes revealed by the SEM images which could be attributed to compounds used for the adjustment and particle sizes revealed by the SEM images which showed that particles of L1 are smaller than L2. The first powder showed better electrochemical performance than second powder. The results showed that lithium was added to LiMn1/3 Ni1/3 Co1/3 O2 instead of LiMoO4. However, the lithium addition through the process improved the electrochemical performance of the material recovered. Also, compared with the literatures, DMSO used for the electrode preparation could replace NMP in battery formulation.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Afonichkin, V.K., Komarov, V.E. and L.G. Khrustova (2007). Chemical and electrochemical behavior of uranium (VI) in oxide salt melts: The effect of the nature of the salt-solvent ' s cation and anion. Russian J.Electrochem., 43 (8): 921-929. Belharouak, I., Sun, Y. -K., Liu, J. and K. Amine (2003). Li (Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3) O2 as a suitable cathode for high power applications. J Power Sources, 123: 247-252.
Literature cited 2: Gangulibabu, N., Bhuvaneswari, D. and N. Kalaiselvi (2013). Comparison of corn starch-assisted sol-gel and combustion methods to prepare LiMnx COyNizO2 compounds .J.Solid State Electrochem., 17: 9-17. Inagaki, M., Nishikawa, Y.A and M. Sakai (1992). Room-temperature preparation of Li2MoO4 and its sintering. J. European Ceramic Society, 10(2): 123-128.

ID: 60549
Title: Clear Water Local Scour Around Eccentric Multiple Piers to Shift the Line of Sediment Deposition.
Author: Rajib Das, Padmini Khwairakpam, Subhasish Das and Asis Mazumdar.
Editor: Professor V. Subramanian
Year: 2014
Publisher: Capital Publishing Company.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution.vol.11 (3) 47-54 (2014)
Subject: water, Environment and Pollution.
Keywords: Local scour, Pier, eccentric pier, scour depth, scour volume.
Abstract: Local scour around pier groups has been studied experimentally in clear water scour conditions under different Froude numbers (Fr) and pier spacing. Tests used piers of 5 cm diameter placed at different arrangement and spacing (S) in a sand bed of mean particle size d50 = 0.365 mm. For tests on three-piers, piers were arranged in a staggered manner. Two-piers were arranged in line with the flow and one was eccentric pier. The Scour depth around all the piers in each group was measured and the bed scour profile for each test has been also prepared. For two-pier experiment arranged in line with the flow, it has been observed that scour depth increases with closer spacing between the piers for the same Froude number. For closer spacing of piers, the scour holes overlapped with each other. In case of three-pier tests, it was observed that the scour volume was more for 3b eccentricity than 2b eccentricity (where b= pier diameter) and the sediments removed from around the pier group was deposited downstream, more on the side of the eccentric pier.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Ashtiani, B.A. and A.A. Behesthti (2006). Experimental investigation of clear water local scour at pile groups. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 132 (10): 1100-1104. Bayram, A. and M. Lason (2000a). Analysis of scour around a group of vertical piles in the field. Journal Waterway, Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineering.ASCE. 126 (4): 215-220.
Literature cited 2: Bayram, A. M. Larson (2000b). Analysis of scour due to breaking and non-breaking waves around a group of vertical piles in the field. Proceedings of coastal Structures, 99.2: 763-771. Santander, Spain. Breusers, N.H.C. and A.J.Raudkivi (1991).IAHR Hydraulic Structures design manual: Scouring 2.Balkema, Rotterdam, Netherlands.

ID: 60548
Title: Assessment of the Physical and Bacteriological Quality of Water in the Halabja-Sulaimani-Kurdistan Region of Iraq.
Author: Dana A. Mohammed Barzinji and Dilshad G.A. Ganjo.
Editor: Professor V. Subramanian
Year: 2014
Publisher: Capital Publishing Company.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution.vol.11 (3) 39-45 (2014)
Subject: water, Environment and Pollution.
Keywords: Halabja, Water Pollution, Heavy metal, BOD5, MPN.
Abstract: Ground water plays a number of very important roles in our environment and in our economies. In the environment it supports rivers, lakes and wetlands, especially through drier months when there is little direct input from rainfall. The flow of ground water into rivers as seepage through the river bed, known as base-flow, can be essential to the health of wildlife and plants that live in the water. A six months monitoring study on several water sources inHalabja-Sulaimani have been conducted. The field works commenced according to a regular schedule twice per month, starting in June and ending in November 2007. The physical and bacteriological evaluation of the well waters in the present study is based on standards given for drinking water buy the World Health Organization guidelines. Waters in all sources were saturated by oxygen and healthy with regard to biological oxygen demand. An evaluation of general water chemistry indicate spatio-temporal changes between studied well waters. In all investigated sites, cations were dominated by calcium followed by magnesium, sodium and potassium in order of decreasing concentrations.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Anzecc and Armcanz (200). Australian and New Zealand Guidelines for Fresh and Marine Water Quality. National Water Management Strategy.http: //www.environment.gov.au/water/publications/quality/nwqms-guidelines-4-vol1.html APHA: American Public Health Association, American Water Work Association (A.W.W.A) and Water Environment Federation (1998). Standard methods for the examination of water and waste water. 20th Edition. A.P.H.A. Washington, D.C.
Literature cited 2: Bartram, J. and R. Blance (1996). Water quality monitoring. A practical guide to the design and implementation of freshwater quality studies and monitoring programme. United Nation Environmetal Programme-UNEP and WHO E and FN Spon, an imprint of Chapman and Hall, London. Best, G.A. and S.L. Ross (1977). River pollution studies. Liverpool Univ.Press, UK.

ID: 60547
Title: Groundwater Quality of Rajnandgaon City, India.
Author: K.S. Patel, R. Sharma, B.L. Sahu, R.K. Patel and L. Matini.
Editor: Professor V. Subramanian
Year: 2014
Publisher: Capital Publishing Company.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution.vol.11 (3) 31-37 (2014)
Subject: water, Environment and Pollution.
Keywords: Groundwater, Water quality, Rajnandgaon, India.
Abstract: Several water-borne diseases are observed in people of Rajnandgaon city, Chhattisgarh, India. Therefore, in the proposed work, the physico-chemical parameters such as pH, electric conductivity (EC), dissolved oxygen (DO), reduction potential (RP), total hardness 9TH), alkalinity, organic carbon (OC), carbonate carbon (CC), HCO3-, F-, Cl-, No3-, SO4-, Na+, K+, Mg2+, and Ca2+ are described. The concentration, variations and sources of F- and other ions are discussed.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: APHA (2005). Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater.21st Edition.APHA, AWWA and WEF, Washington DC, USA. Bathusha, M.I. and M.K. Sasetharan (2007) .Physico-chemical characteristics and correlation & regression study on groundwater of Coimbatore North Zonwe.J.Environ.Sci Eng., 49: 215-224.
Literature cited 2: Bishnoi, M. and S. Arora (2007).Potable ground water quality in some villages of Haryana, India: Focus on fluoride.J.Environ.Biol., 28: 291-294. Borah, K.K., Bhuyan, B. and H.P.Sarma (2009).Lead, arsenic, fluoride and iron contamination of drinking water in the tea garden belt of Darrang district, Assam, India. Environ.Monit.Assess., 169: 347-352.

ID: 60546
Title: Solid Phase Bioremediation of Butachlor in Contaminated Soil and Evaluation of Leaching Potential.
Author: Shailaja S. M. Rama Krishna and Swamy Venkata Yerramsetty.
Editor: Professor V. Subramanian
Year: 2014
Publisher: Capital Publishing Company.
Source: Centre for Ecological Sciences
Reference: Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution.vol.11 (3) 23-29 (2014)
Subject: water, Environment and Pollution.
Keywords: Butachlor, Leaching, solid phase bioremediation, sunlight, bioaugmentation.
Abstract: Butachlor is a common herbicide which is widely used for weed control of grasses in rice. It is a persistent pollutant in agricultural soil. Leaching experiments were performed to study the relative leaching potential of butachlor in various types of soil matrices. Leaching of butachlor showed up to a depth of 30 cm in all the studied soil matrices, irrespective of pH conditions used. The leaching potential of butachlor was assessed at various pH conditions. Comparatively higher leaching potential was observed in basic pH compared to the neutral and acidic pH of the soil .Soil phase bioremediation o f butachlor was also studied with different soil matrices. Leaching of butachlor showed up to a depth of 30 cm in all the studied soil matrices, irrespective of ph conditions used. The leaching potential of butachlor was assessed at various pH conditions .Comparatively higher leaching potential was observed in basic pH compared to the neutral and acidic pH of the soil. Soil phase bioremediation of butachlor was also studied with different soil matrices. Bioremediation experiments performed in the presence of sunlight showed higher efficiency. Stimulation did not respond positively on the progress of bioremediation. Bioaugmentation along with sunlight showed higher remediation efficiency in all the experiments conducted.
Location: T E 15 New Biology Building.
Literature cited 1: Beestman, G.B. and J.M. Deming (1974). Dissipation of acetanilide herbicides from soils. Agron.J., 66: 308-311. Calvet, R. (1989). Adsorption of organic chemicals in soils. Envir.Health Persp. 83: 145-177.
Literature cited 2: Chen, Y.L. and J.S. Chen (1979). Degradation and Dissipation of Herbicide Butachlor in paddy fields.J.Pesticide Sci., 4: 431-438. Chen, Y.L. and C.C. Chen (1977). Proceedings of the 6th Asian-Pacific Weed Science Society conference. Jakartha, Indonesia.